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Koronowicz AA, Master A, Banks P, Piasna-Słupecka E, Domagała D, Drozdowska M, Leszczyńska T. PPAR Receptors Expressed from Vectors Containing CMV Promoter Can Enhance Self-Transcription in the Presence of Fatty Acids from CLA-Enriched Egg Yolks-A Novel Method for Studies of PPAR Ligands. Nutr Cancer 2019; 72:892-902. [PMID: 31403341 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2019.1652332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
PPAR receptors are ligand-dependent transcription factors activated in response to various small lipophilic ligands controlling the expression of different genes involved in cellular differentiation, development, metabolism, and tumorigenesis. Unexpectedly, our previous studies have shown that single plasmid-based expression of PPARs under the control of CMV promoter/enhancer was significantly elevated in the presence of PPAR agonists. Here we show that the PPAR reporters controlled by the CMV promoter/enhancer, that was shown to contain three internal non-canonical PPRE elements, can be used as a fast screening system for more effective PPAR ligands. This model allowed us to confirm our previous results indicating that fatty acids of CLA-enriched egg yolks (EFA-CLAs) are efficient PPAR ligands that can specifically upregulate the expression of PPARα and PPARγ leading to downregulation of MCF-7 cancer cell proliferation. We also show that synthetic cis9,trans11CLA is more effective in transactivation of PPARγ, while trans10,cis12CLA of PPARα receptor indicating the selectivity of the CLA isomers. This report presents a novel, fast, and reliable strategy for simple testing of PPAR ligands using PPAR expressing plasmids containing the CMV promoter/enhancer that can trigger the positive feedback loop of PPAR self-transcription in the presence of PPAR ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aneta A Koronowicz
- Department of Human Nutrition, Faculty of Food Technology, University of Agriculture, Krakow, Poland
| | - Adam Master
- Division of Cancer Prevention, Health Science Center T17, The State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY, USA.,DNAi - The Center of Genetic Information, Laboratory of Molecular Medical Biology, Krakow, Poland
| | - Paula Banks
- Department of Human Nutrition, Faculty of Food Technology, University of Agriculture, Krakow, Poland
| | - Ewelina Piasna-Słupecka
- Department of Human Nutrition, Faculty of Food Technology, University of Agriculture, Krakow, Poland
| | - Dominik Domagała
- Department of Human Nutrition, Faculty of Food Technology, University of Agriculture, Krakow, Poland
| | - Mariola Drozdowska
- Department of Human Nutrition, Faculty of Food Technology, University of Agriculture, Krakow, Poland
| | - Teresa Leszczyńska
- Department of Human Nutrition, Faculty of Food Technology, University of Agriculture, Krakow, Poland
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Silva-Ramirez AS, Castillo CG, Navarro-Tovar G, Gonzalez-Sanchez HM, Rocha-Uribe A, Gonzalez-Chavez MM, Santamaria A, Rangel-Lopez E, Gonzalez C. Bioactive Isomers of Conjugated Linoleic Acid Inhibit the Survival of Malignant Glioblastoma Cells But Not Primary Astrocytes. EUR J LIPID SCI TECH 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ejlt.201700454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ana S. Silva-Ramirez
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas; Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi; Av. Manuel Nava No. 6, Col. Universitaria, 78210 San Luis Potosí, S.L.P. Mexico
| | - Claudia G. Castillo
- Coordinacion para la Innovacion y Aplicacion de la Ciencia y la Tecnologia (CIACyT); Facultad de Medicina; Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi; Av. Sierra Leona No. 550, Col. Lomas 2a Seccion, 78210 San Luis Potosi, S.L.P. Mexico
| | - Gabriela Navarro-Tovar
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas; Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi; Av. Manuel Nava No. 6, Col. Universitaria, 78210 San Luis Potosí, S.L.P. Mexico
- Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (CONACyT); San Luis Potosi Mexico
| | - Hilda M. Gonzalez-Sanchez
- Coordinacion para la Innovacion y Aplicacion de la Ciencia y la Tecnologia (CIACyT); Facultad de Medicina; Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi; Av. Sierra Leona No. 550, Col. Lomas 2a Seccion, 78210 San Luis Potosi, S.L.P. Mexico
| | - Alejandro Rocha-Uribe
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas; Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi; Av. Manuel Nava No. 6, Col. Universitaria, 78210 San Luis Potosí, S.L.P. Mexico
| | - Marco M. Gonzalez-Chavez
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas; Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi; Av. Manuel Nava No. 6, Col. Universitaria, 78210 San Luis Potosí, S.L.P. Mexico
| | - Abel Santamaria
- Laboratorio de Aminoacidos Excitadores; Instituto Nacional de Neurologia y Neurocirugia Manuel Velasco Suarez; SSA, Insurgentes Sur 3877, Tlalpan, 14269 Mexico City Mexico
| | - Edgar Rangel-Lopez
- Laboratorio de Aminoacidos Excitadores; Instituto Nacional de Neurologia y Neurocirugia Manuel Velasco Suarez; SSA, Insurgentes Sur 3877, Tlalpan, 14269 Mexico City Mexico
| | - Carmen Gonzalez
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas; Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi; Av. Manuel Nava No. 6, Col. Universitaria, 78210 San Luis Potosí, S.L.P. Mexico
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Brandão D, Ribeiro L. Dietary fatty acids modulation of human colon cancer cells: mechanisms and future perspectives. Int J Food Sci Nutr 2017; 69:437-450. [PMID: 28984495 DOI: 10.1080/09637486.2017.1382456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common malignancies worldwide and its pathogenesis is proven to be related with dietary patterns, namely dietary fatty acid (FA) intake. We reviewed the evidences regarding the effect of different dietary FAs on human CRC cell lines proliferation and apoptosis. Altogether, the results obtained from in vitro studies show that monounsaturated FAs lack evidence regarding both proliferation and apoptosis, whereas there is a consensus about the anti-proliferative and pro-apoptotic effects, involving different intracellular targets, of n-3 polyunsaturated FAs, while n-6 series show a similar effect or no effects. The response to these dietary components depends on the cell type as well as the amount and duration of exposure. These results highlight the importance of identifying molecular targets for dietary components aiming to interfere with one of the main risk factors related with CRC incidence and prevalence.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Brandão
- a Department of Biomedicine, Unit of Biochemistry , Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto , Porto , Portugal.,b Department of Public Health and Forensic Sciences, and Medical Education , Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto , Porto , Portugal
| | - L Ribeiro
- a Department of Biomedicine, Unit of Biochemistry , Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto , Porto , Portugal.,b Department of Public Health and Forensic Sciences, and Medical Education , Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto , Porto , Portugal.,c I3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto , Porto , Portugal
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Tafrihi M, Nakhaei Sistani R. E-Cadherin/β-Catenin Complex: A Target for Anticancer and Antimetastasis Plants/Plant-derived Compounds. Nutr Cancer 2017; 69:702-722. [PMID: 28524727 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2017.1320415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Plants reputed to have cancer-inhibiting potential and putative active components derived from those plants have emerged as an exciting new field in cancer study. Some of these compounds have cancer-inhibiting potential in different clinical staging levels, especially metastasis. A few of them which stabilize cell-cell adhesions are controversial topics. This review article introduces some effective herbal compounds that target E-cadherin/β-catenin protein complex. In this article, at first, we briefly review the structure and function of E-cadherin and β-catenin proteins, Wnt signaling pathway, and its target genes. Then, effective compounds of the Teucrium persicum, Teucrium polium, Allium sativum (garlic), Glycine max (soy), and Brassica oleracea (broccoli) plants, which influence stability and cellular localization of E-cadherin/β-catenin complex, were studied. Based on literature review, there are some compounds in these plants, including genistein of soy, sulforaphane of broccoli, organosulfur compounds of garlic, and the total extract of Teucrium genus that change the expression of variety of Wnt target genes such as MMPs, E-cadherin, p21, p53, c-myc, and cyclin D1. So they may induce cell-cycle arrest, apoptosis and/or inhibition of Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition (EMT) and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Majid Tafrihi
- a Molecular and Cell Biology Research Laboratory, Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences , University of Mazandaran , Babolsar , Mazandaran , Iran
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Trans10, cis12 conjugated linoleic acid inhibits 3T3-L1 adipocyte adipogenesis by elevating β-catenin levels. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2016; 1861:363-70. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2016.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2015] [Revised: 12/22/2015] [Accepted: 01/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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In vitro fermentation of nuts results in the formation of butyrate and c9,t11 conjugated linoleic acid as chemopreventive metabolites. Eur J Nutr 2015; 55:2063-73. [PMID: 26286349 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-015-1020-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2015] [Accepted: 08/10/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The consumption of foods rich in dietary fiber and polyunsaturated fatty acids such as nuts can contribute to a healthy diet. Therefore, the formation of fermentation end-products which might exert chemopreventive effects regarding colon cancer was investigated after an in vitro simulated digestion and fermentation of nuts using human fecal microbiota. METHODS Fermentation supernatants (FS) and pellets (FP) were obtained after an in vitro fermentation of hazelnuts, almonds, macadamia, pistachios and walnuts. Short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) and bile acids (BA) in FS as well as fatty acids in FP were analyzed via gas chromatography. Malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in FS were determined photometrically. RESULTS Fermentation of nuts resulted in 1.9- to 2.8-fold higher concentrations of SCFA compared to the control and a shift of molar ratios toward butyrate production. In vitro fermentation resulted in the formation of vaccenic acid (C18:1t11, 32.1 ± 3.2 % FAME; fatty acid methyl ester) and conjugated linoleic acid (c9,t11 CLA, 2.4 ± 0.7 % FAME) exclusively in fermented walnut samples. Concentrations of secondary BA deoxycholic-/iso-deoxycholic acid (6.8-24.1-fold/4.9-10.9-fold, respectively) and levels of MDA (1.3-fold) were significantly reduced in fermented nut samples compared to the control. CONCLUSION This is the first study that demonstrates the ability of the human fecal microbiota to convert polyunsaturated fatty acids from walnuts to c9,t11 CLA as a potential chemopreventive metabolite. In addition, the production of butyrate and reduction in potential carcinogens such as secondary BA and lipid peroxidation products might contribute to the protective effects of nuts regarding colon cancer development.
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Moon HS. Biological effects of conjugated linoleic acid on obesity-related cancers. Chem Biol Interact 2014; 224:189-95. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2014.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2014] [Revised: 10/23/2014] [Accepted: 11/07/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Zhong XF, Luo T, Huang GD, Deng ZY, Lei L. Equimolar mixture of c9,t11 and t9,t11 CLA inhibits the growth and induces apoptosis in Caco-2 cells. EUR J LIPID SCI TECH 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ejlt.201100338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Degen C, Lochner A, Keller S, Kuhnt K, Dänicke S, Jahreis G. Influence of in vitro supplementation with lipids from conventional and Alpine milk on fatty acid distribution and cell growth of HT-29 cells. Lipids Health Dis 2011; 10:131. [PMID: 21816049 PMCID: PMC3163618 DOI: 10.1186/1476-511x-10-131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2011] [Accepted: 08/04/2011] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background To date, the influence of milk and dairy products on carcinogenesis remains controversial. However, lipids of ruminant origin such as conjugated linoleic acids (CLA) are known to exhibit beneficial effects in vitro and in vivo. The aim of the present study was to determine the influence of milk lipids of different origin and varying quality presenting as free fatty acid (FFA) solutions on cellular fatty acid distribution, cellular viability, and growth of human colon adenocarcinoma cells (HT-29). Methods FAME of conventional and Alpine milk lipids (MLcon, MLalp) and cells treated with FFA derivatives of milk lipids were analyzed by means of GC-FID and Ag+-HPLC. Cellular viability and growth of the cells were determined by means of CellTiter-Blue®-assay and DAPI-assay (4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole dihydrochloride), respectively. Results Supplementation with milk lipids significantly decreased viability and growth of HT-29 cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner. MLalp showed a lower SFA/MUFA ratio, a 8 fold increased CLA content, and different CLA profile compared to MLcon but did not demonstrate additional growth-inhibitory effects. In addition, total concentration and fatty acid distribution of cellular lipids were altered. In particular, treatment of the cells yielded highest amounts of two types of milk specific major fatty acids (μg FA/mg cellular protein) after 8 h of incubation compared to 24 h; 200 μM of MLcon (C16:0, 206 ± 43), 200 μM of MLalp (C18:1 c9, (223 ± 19). Vaccenic acid (C18:1 t11) contained in milk lipids was converted to c9,t11-CLA in HT-29 cells. Notably, the ratio of t11,c13-CLA/t7,c9-CLA, a criterion for pasture feeding of the cows, was significantly changed after incubation for 8 h with lipids from MLalp (3.6 - 4.8), compared to lipids from MLcon (0.3 - 0.6). Conclusions Natural lipids from conventional and Alpine milk showed similar growth inhibitory effects. However, different changes in cellular lipid composition suggested a milk lipid-depending influence on cell sensitivity. It is expected that similar changes may also be evident in other cell lines. To our knowledge, this is the first study showing a varied impact of complex milk lipids on fatty acid distribution in a colon cancer cell line.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Degen
- Institute of Nutrition, Dept. of Nutritional Physiology, Friedrich-Schiller-University, Dornburger Strasse 24, Jena, Germany
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Abstract
Peroxisome proliferators-activated receptors (PPARs) that are members of the nuclear receptor superfamily have three different isoforms: PPARalpha, PPARdelta, and PPARgamma. PPARs are ligand-activated transcription factors, and they are implicated in tumor progression, differentiation, and apoptosis. Activation of PPAR isoforms lead to both anticarcinogenesis and anti-inflammatory effect. It has so far identified many PPAR ligands including chemical composition and natural occurring. PPAR ligands are reported to activate PPAR signaling and exert cancer prevention and treatment in vitro and/or in vivo studies. Although the effects depend on the isoforms and the types of ligands, biological modulatory activities of PPARs in carcinogenesis and disease progression are attracted for control or combat cancer development. This short review summarizes currently available data on the role of PPAR ligands in carcinogenesis.
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The Role of PPAR Ligands in Controlling Growth-Related Gene Expression and their Interaction with Lipoperoxidation Products. PPAR Res 2011; 2008:524671. [PMID: 18615196 PMCID: PMC2443425 DOI: 10.1155/2008/524671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 203] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2008] [Accepted: 06/05/2008] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Peroxisome proliferators-activated receptors (PPARs) are ligand-activated transcription factors that belong to the nuclear hormone receptor superfamily. The three PPAR isoforms (α, γ and β/δ) have been found to play a pleiotropic role in cell fat metabolism. Furthermore, in recent years, evidence has been found regarding the antiproliferative, proapoptotic, and differentiation-promoting activities displayed by PPAR ligands, particularly by PPARγ ligands. PPAR ligands affect the expression of different growth-related genes through both PPAR-dependent and PPAR-independent mechanisms. Moreover, an interaction between PPAR ligands and other molecules which strengthen the effects of PPAR ligands has been described. Here we review the action of PPAR on the control of gene expression with particular regard to the effect of PPAR ligands on the expression of genes involved in the regulation of cell-cycle, differentiation, and apoptosis. Moreover, the interaction between PPAR ligands and 4-hydroxynonenal (HNE), the major product of the lipid peroxidation, has been reviewed.
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McClelland S, Cox C, O’Connor R, de Gaetano M, McCarthy C, Cryan L, Fitzgerald D, Belton O. Conjugated linoleic acid suppresses the migratory and inflammatory phenotype of the monocyte/macrophage cell. Atherosclerosis 2010; 211:96-102. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2010.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2009] [Revised: 01/18/2010] [Accepted: 02/02/2010] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Bocca C, Bozzo F, Cannito S, Colombatto S, Miglietta A. CLA reduces breast cancer cell growth and invasion through ERalpha and PI3K/Akt pathways. Chem Biol Interact 2010; 183:187-93. [PMID: 19800873 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2009.09.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2009] [Revised: 09/21/2009] [Accepted: 09/25/2009] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
We previously reported that conjugated linoleic acid (CLA), a naturally occurring fatty acid, inhibits the growth of ERalpha(+) MCF-7 and ERalpha(-) MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cells by negative modulation of the ERK/MAPK pathway and apoptosis induction. Here we show that in these cell lines CLA also down-regulates the PI3K/Akt cascade. In MCF-7 cells CLA also triggers ERalpha/PP2A complex formation reducing the phosphorylation state and transcriptional activity of Eralpha whereas in MDA-MB-231 cells CLA does not induce PP2A activation. Moreover, CLA induces the expression of proteins involved in cell adhesion and inhibits cell migration and MMP-2 activity. These findings suggest that CLA may induce the down-regulation of ERalpha signalling and the reduction of cell invasion through the modulation of balancing between phosphatases and kinases.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Bocca
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Oncology, University of Torino, C.so Raffaello 30, 10125 Torino, Italy.
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Conjugated linoleic acid prevents cell growth and cytokine production induced by TPA in human keratinocytes NCTC 2544. Cancer Lett 2009; 287:62-6. [PMID: 19540663 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2009.05.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2009] [Revised: 05/27/2009] [Accepted: 05/29/2009] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) is reported to have anti-cancer activity, based on animal and in vitro studies. Since it has been suggested that CLA anti-carcinogenic effect stems from its anti-inflammatory properties, this study investigated whether CLA can prevent cell proliferation induced by TPA in human keratinocytes NCTC 2544 contemporary to inhibition of inflammation. Results obtained showed that CLA prevents increased cell proliferation and production of pro-inflammatory molecules determined by TPA, being this effect due to modulation of PPARs and NFkB activity. The involvement of PPARalpha in CLA effect was demonstrated by adding to the cells an antagonist of PPARalpha.
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Abstract
The plasma membranes of all eukaryotic cells contain heterogeneous self-organising intrinsically unstable liquid ordered domains or lipid assemblies in which key signal transduction proteins are localised. These assemblies are classified as 'lipid rafts' (10-200 nm), which are composed mostly of cholesterol and sphingolipid microdomains and therefore do not integrate well into the fluid phospholipid bilayers. In addition, caveolae represent a subtype of lipid raft macrodomain that form flask-shaped membrane invaginations containing structural proteins, i.e. caveolins. With respect to the diverse biological effects of long-chain PUFA, increasing evidence suggests that n-3 PUFA and perhaps conjugated fatty acids uniquely alter the basic properties of cell membranes. Because of its polyunsaturation, DHA and possibly conjugated linoleic acid are sterically incompatible with sphingolipid and cholesterol and, therefore, appear to alter lipid raft behaviour and protein function. The present review examines the evidence indicating that dietary sources of n-3 PUFA can profoundly alter the biochemical make up of lipid rafts/caveolae microdomains, thereby influencing cell signalling, protein trafficking and cell cytokinetics.
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