1
|
Beutler M, Harnischfeger J, Weber MHW, Hahnel SR, Quack T, Blohm A, Ueberall ME, Timm T, Lochnit G, Rennar GA, Gallinger TL, Houhou H, Rahlfs S, Falcone FH, Becker K, Schlitzer M, Haeberlein S, Czermak P, Salzig D, Grevelding CG. Identification and characterisation of the tegument-expressed aldehyde dehydrogenase SmALDH_312 of Schistosoma mansoni, a target of disulfiram. Eur J Med Chem 2023; 251:115179. [PMID: 36948075 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.115179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Abstract
Schistosomiasis is an infectious disease caused by blood flukes of the genus Schistosoma and affects approximately 200 million people worldwide. Since Praziquantel (PZQ) is the only drug for schistosomiasis, alternatives are needed. By a biochemical approach, we identified a tegumentally expressed aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) of S. mansoni, SmALDH_312. Molecular analyses of adult parasites showed Smaldh_312 transcripts in both genders and different tissues. Physiological and cell-biological experiments exhibited detrimental effects of the drug disulfiram (DSF), a known ALDH inhibitor, on larval and adult schistosomes in vitro. DSF also reduced stem-cell proliferation and caused severe tegument damage in treated worms. In silico-modelling of SmALDH_312 and docking analyses predicted DSF binding, which we finally confirmed by enzyme assays with recombinant SmALDH_312. Furthermore, we identified compounds of the Medicine for Malaria Venture (MMV) pathogen box inhibiting SmALDH_312 activity. Our findings represent a promising starting point for further development towards new drugs for schistosomiasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mandy Beutler
- Institute of Parasitology, BFS, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Germany
| | - Julie Harnischfeger
- Institute of Bioprocess Engineering and Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Applied Sciences Mittelhessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Michael H W Weber
- Institute of Parasitology, BFS, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Germany
| | - Steffen R Hahnel
- Institute of Parasitology, BFS, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Germany
| | - Thomas Quack
- Institute of Parasitology, BFS, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Germany
| | - Ariane Blohm
- Institute of Parasitology, BFS, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Germany
| | - Monique E Ueberall
- Institute of Parasitology, BFS, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Germany; Institute of Bioprocess Engineering and Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Applied Sciences Mittelhessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Thomas Timm
- Protein Analytics, Institute of Biochemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Germany
| | - Günter Lochnit
- Protein Analytics, Institute of Biochemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Germany
| | - Georg A Rennar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Philipps Universität Marburg, Germany, Germany
| | - Tom L Gallinger
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Philipps Universität Marburg, Germany, Germany
| | - Hicham Houhou
- Institute of Parasitology, BFS, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Germany
| | - Stefan Rahlfs
- Institute for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Interdisciplinary Research Centre, Justus Liebig University, Germany
| | - Franco H Falcone
- Institute of Parasitology, BFS, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Germany
| | - Katja Becker
- Institute for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Interdisciplinary Research Centre, Justus Liebig University, Germany
| | - Martin Schlitzer
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Philipps Universität Marburg, Germany, Germany
| | - Simone Haeberlein
- Institute of Parasitology, BFS, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Germany
| | - Peter Czermak
- Institute of Bioprocess Engineering and Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Applied Sciences Mittelhessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Denise Salzig
- Institute of Bioprocess Engineering and Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Applied Sciences Mittelhessen, Giessen, Germany
| | | |
Collapse
|
2
|
Holmes RS. Evolution of aldehyde dehydrogenase genes and proteins in diploid and allotetraploid Xenopus frog species. Chem Biol Interact 2021; 351:109671. [PMID: 34599912 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2021.109671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Revised: 09/04/2021] [Accepted: 09/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
At least 19 human aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) genes and enzymes have been studied among vertebrate organisms. BLAT and BLAST analyses were undertaken of Xenopus tropicalis (western clawed frog) and Xenopus laevis (African clawed frog) genomes which are related diploid (N = 20) and allotetraploid (N = 36) species, respectively. The corresponding ALDH genes and proteins within these Xenopus genomes were identified and studied. Evidence is presented for tetraploid copies of 10 Xenopus laevis ALDH genes, whereas another 7 identified ALDH genes were diploid in nature. Xenopus laevis and Xenopus tropicalis ALDH amino acid sequences were highly homologous with the human enzymes, with the exception of the mitochondrial signal peptide sequences. Amino acids performing catalytic and structural roles were conserved and identified based on previous reports of 3D structures for the corresponding mammalian enzymes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Roger S Holmes
- Griffith Research Institute for Drug Discovery (GRIDD) and School of Environment and Science, Griffith University, Nathan, 4111, Brisbane Queensland, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Inoue J, Satoh N. ORTHOSCOPE: An Automatic Web Tool for Phylogenetically Inferring Bilaterian Orthogroups with User-Selected Taxa. Mol Biol Evol 2019; 36:621-631. [PMID: 30517749 PMCID: PMC6389317 DOI: 10.1093/molbev/msy226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Identification of orthologous or paralogous relationships of coding genes is fundamental to all aspects of comparative genomics. For accurate identification of orthologs among deeply diversified bilaterian lineages, precise estimation of gene trees is indispensable, given the complicated histories of genes over millions of years. By estimating gene trees, orthologs can be identified as members of an orthogroup, a set of genes descended from a single gene in the last common ancestor of all the species being considered. In addition to comparisons with a given species tree, purposeful taxonomic sampling increases the accuracy of gene tree estimation and orthogroup identification. Although some major phylogenetic relationships of bilaterians are gradually being unraveled, the scattering of published genomic data among separate web databases is becoming a significant hindrance to identification of orthogroups with appropriate taxonomic sampling. By integrating more than 250 metazoan gene models predicted in genome projects, we developed a web tool called ORTHOSCOPE to identify orthogroups of specific protein-coding genes within major bilaterian lineages. ORTHOSCOPE allows users to employ several sequences of a specific molecule and broadly accepted nodes included in a user-specified species tree as queries and to evaluate the reliability of estimated orthogroups based on topologies and node support values of estimated gene trees. A test analysis using data from 36 bilaterians was accomplished within 140 s. ORTHOSCOPE results can be used to evaluate orthologs identified by other stand-alone programs using genome-scale data. ORTHOSCOPE is freely available at https://www.orthoscope.jp or https://github.com/jun-inoue/orthoscope (last accessed December 28, 2018).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Inoue
- Marine Genomics Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Noriyuki Satoh
- Marine Genomics Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Okinawa, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Holmes RS. Polyploidy among salmonid aldehyde dehydrogenase genes and proteins. Chem Biol Interact 2019; 303:22-26. [PMID: 30776359 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2019.01.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2018] [Revised: 01/17/2019] [Accepted: 01/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Bioinformatic analyses of salmon (Salmo salar) ALDH amino acid sequences supported the presence of at least 30 ALDH genes, which is more than for any other higher vertebrate and is greater than the 19 human ALDH genes currently reported. These included 8 polyploid ALDH genes and proteins: ALDH1A2 (chromosomes 11 and 26); ALDH1L2 (chromosomes 7 and 17); ALDH2, encoding mitochondrial ALDH2 (chromosomes 2 and 5); ALDH3A2 (chromosomes 4, 9 and 20), for which evidence for 5 genes was obtained; ALDH3B1 (chromosomes 3, 6 and 24); ALDH4A1 (chromosomes 12 and 22); ALDH6A1 (chromosomes 1, 6 and 15); and ALDH18A1 (chromosomes 19 and 28). In contrast, 7 salmon ALDH gene families (ALDH1A1, ALDH1A3, ALDH5, ALDH7, ALDH8, ALDH9 and ALDH16) possessed only one gene family member. Phylogenetic studies of salmon and rainbow trout ALDH3A2 genes and proteins suggested that salmonid gene tetraploidy has occurred in at least 2 distinct stages of ALDH3A2 gene evolution.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Roger S Holmes
- Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery and School of Environment and Science, Griffith University, Nathan, 4111, QLD, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Involvement of the retinoic acid signaling pathway in sex differentiation and pubertal development in the European sea bass Dicentrarchus labrax. Heliyon 2019; 5:e01201. [PMID: 30839897 PMCID: PMC6365411 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e01201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2019] [Revised: 01/30/2019] [Accepted: 01/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Retinoic Acid (RA) is a vitamin A derivative present in many biological processes including embryogenesis, organ development and cell differentiation. The RA signaling pathway is essential for the onset of meiosis in tetrapods, although its role in fish reproduction needs further evidence. This study reports the expression profiles of several genes involved in this pathway during sex differentiation and the first reproductive season in European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) gonads. The assessed genes are representative of several steps of the pathway including retinol transport, RA synthesis, nuclear receptors, RA transport and degradation. The study includes a synteny analysis of stra8, a tetrapod meiosis gatekeeper, in several taxa. The results show that, these genes were overexpressed during early gonad development and their expression decreased during meiosis progression in males and during vitellogenesis in females. Specifically, a decrease of cyp26a1, involved in RA degradation, together with an increase of aldh1a2 and aldh1a3, in charge of RA-synthesis, might ensure the availability of high RA levels at the time of meiosis in males and females. Moreover, the absence of stra8 in the European sea bass genome, as well as the conserved genomic neighbourhood found in other taxa, suggest a stra8 independent signaling for RA during meiosis. Taken together, our results might help to better understand the role of RA signaling in teleost gonad development.
Collapse
|