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Kriegesmann J, Brik A. Synthesis of ubiquitinated proteins for biochemical and functional analysis. Chem Sci 2023; 14:10025-10040. [PMID: 37772107 PMCID: PMC10529715 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc03664b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Ubiquitination plays a crucial role in controlling various biological processes such as translation, DNA repair and immune response. Protein degradation for example, is one of the main processes which is controlled by the ubiquitin system and has significant implications on human health. In order to investigate these processes and the roles played by different ubiquitination patterns on biological systems, homogeneously ubiquitinated proteins are needed. Notably, these conjugates that are made enzymatically in cells cannot be easily obtained in large amounts and high homogeneity by employing such strategies. Therefore, chemical and semisynthetic approaches have emerged to prepare different ubiquitinated proteins. In this review, we will present the key synthetic strategies and their applications for the preparation of various ubiquitinated proteins. Furthermore, the use of these precious conjugates in different biochemical and functional studies will be highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Kriegesmann
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology Haifa Israel
| | - Ashraf Brik
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology Haifa Israel
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2
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Palitzsch B, Glaffig M, Kunz H. Mucin Glycopeptide-Protein Conjugates - Promising Antitumor Vaccine Candidates. Isr J Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ijch.201400131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 188] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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3
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Glycosylation profiles determine extravasation and disease-targeting properties of armed antibodies. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2015; 112:2000-5. [PMID: 25646460 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1416694112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The ability of antibodies to extravasate out of blood vessels is critical for therapeutic activity, because molecular targets for most diseases are located outside of the endothelial lining. By performing detailed biodistribution studies with a novel IL9-armed cancer-specific antibody, we identified a clear correlation between N-linked glycan structures and tumor-targeting efficiencies. Site-specific glycan analysis provided a detailed view of the glycan microheterogeneity present on the IL9 portion of the recombinant protein. Nonsialylated glycan structures have a negative impact on disease-homing activity, highlighting the importance of glycosylation control and characterization during process development.
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4
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Agrigento P, Albericio F, Chamoin S, Dacquignies I, Koc H, Eberle M. Facile and Mild Synthesis of Linear and Cyclic Peptides via Thioesters. Org Lett 2014; 16:3922-5. [DOI: 10.1021/ol501669n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Paola Agrigento
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, Forum 1, Novartis Campus, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Fernando Albericio
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Baldiri Reixac 10, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER-BBN, Barcelona Science Park, Baldiri
Reixac 10, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Department
of Organic Chemistry, University of Barcelona, Martí i Franqués 1-11, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- School of Chemistry & Physics, University of Kwazulu-Natal, Durban 4001, South Africa
| | - Sylvie Chamoin
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, Forum 1, Novartis Campus, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Isabelle Dacquignies
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, Forum 1, Novartis Campus, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Halil Koc
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, Forum 1, Novartis Campus, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Martin Eberle
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, Forum 1, Novartis Campus, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
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5
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Ghasriani H, Belcourt PJF, Sauvé S, Hodgson DJ, Brochu D, Gilbert M, Aubin Y. A single N-acetylgalactosamine residue at threonine 106 modifies the dynamics and structure of interferon α2a around the glycosylation site. J Biol Chem 2012. [PMID: 23184955 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m112.413252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Enzymatic addition of GalNAc to isotopically labeled IFNα2a produced in Escherichia coli yielded the O-linked glycoprotein GalNAcα-[(13)C,(15)N]IFNα2a. The three-dimensional structure of GalNAcα-IFNα2a has been determined in solution by NMR spectroscopy at high resolution. Proton-nitrogen heteronuclear Overhauser enhancement measurements revealed that the addition of a single monosaccharide unit at Thr-106 significantly slowed motions of the glycosylation loop on the nanosecond time scale. Subsequent addition of a Gal unit produced Gal(β1,3)GalNAcα-[(13)C,(15)N]IFNα2a. This extension resulted in a further decrease in the dynamics of this loop. The methodology used here allowed the first such description of the structure and dynamics of an O-glycoprotein and opens the way to the study of this class of proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Houman Ghasriani
- Centre for Vaccine Evaluation, Biologics and Genetic Therapies Directorate, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0K9, Canada
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6
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Siman P, Brik A. Chemical and semisynthesis of posttranslationally modified proteins. Org Biomol Chem 2012; 10:5684-97. [DOI: 10.1039/c2ob25149c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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7
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan M Schmaltz
- The Department of Chemistry and Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
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8
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Hagiwara M, Dohi M, Nakahara Y, Komatsu K, Asahina Y, Ueki A, Hojo H, Nakahara Y, Ito Y. Synthesis of Biantennary Complex-Type Nonasaccharyl Asn Building Blocks for Solid-Phase Glycopeptide Synthesis. J Org Chem 2011; 76:5229-39. [DOI: 10.1021/jo200149d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Masashi Hagiwara
- Department of Applied Biochemistry, Institute of Glycoscience, Tokai University, 4-1-1 Kitakaname, Hiratsuka-shi, Kanagawa 259-1292, Japan
| | - Mizuki Dohi
- Department of Applied Biochemistry, Institute of Glycoscience, Tokai University, 4-1-1 Kitakaname, Hiratsuka-shi, Kanagawa 259-1292, Japan
| | - Yuko Nakahara
- Department of Applied Biochemistry, Institute of Glycoscience, Tokai University, 4-1-1 Kitakaname, Hiratsuka-shi, Kanagawa 259-1292, Japan
- RIKEN, Institute of Physical and Chemical Research, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Keiko Komatsu
- Department of Applied Biochemistry, Institute of Glycoscience, Tokai University, 4-1-1 Kitakaname, Hiratsuka-shi, Kanagawa 259-1292, Japan
| | - Yuya Asahina
- Department of Applied Biochemistry, Institute of Glycoscience, Tokai University, 4-1-1 Kitakaname, Hiratsuka-shi, Kanagawa 259-1292, Japan
| | - Akiharu Ueki
- Department of Applied Biochemistry, Institute of Glycoscience, Tokai University, 4-1-1 Kitakaname, Hiratsuka-shi, Kanagawa 259-1292, Japan
| | - Hironobu Hojo
- Department of Applied Biochemistry, Institute of Glycoscience, Tokai University, 4-1-1 Kitakaname, Hiratsuka-shi, Kanagawa 259-1292, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Nakahara
- Department of Applied Biochemistry, Institute of Glycoscience, Tokai University, 4-1-1 Kitakaname, Hiratsuka-shi, Kanagawa 259-1292, Japan
| | - Yukishige Ito
- RIKEN, Institute of Physical and Chemical Research, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
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9
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Wang C, Guo Q, Fu Y. Theoretical Analysis of the Detailed Mechanism of Native Chemical Ligation Reactions. Chem Asian J 2011; 6:1241-51. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.201000760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2010] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chen Wang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026 (China), Fax: (+86) 551‐3606689
| | - Qing‐Xiang Guo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026 (China), Fax: (+86) 551‐3606689
| | - Yao Fu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026 (China), Fax: (+86) 551‐3606689
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Richardson JP, Macmillan D. Semi-synthesis of glycoproteins from E. coli through native chemical ligation. Methods Mol Biol 2011; 705:151-174. [PMID: 21125385 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-61737-967-3_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Sufficient quantities of homogeneous samples of post-translationally modified proteins are often not readily available from biological sources to facilitate structure-function investigations. Native chemical ligation (NCL) is a convenient method for the production of biologically active proteins from smaller fragments. Such an approach allows protein modifications to be introduced in a controlled fashion into smaller peptide fragments which are amenable to total chemical synthesis. These fragments of defined sequence and structure can be elaborated to full-length proteins through NCL reactions with suitable components derived from bacterial origin. This report describes methods for the bacterial production of components for NCL and their use in typical reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan P Richardson
- Department of Chemistry, Christopher Ingold Laboratories, University College London, London, WC1H 0AJ, UK.
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11
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Roytman R, Adler-Abramovich L, Kumar KSA, Kuan TC, Lin CC, Gazit E, Brik A. Exploring the self-assembly of glycopeptides using a diphenylalanine scaffold. Org Biomol Chem 2011; 9:5755-61. [DOI: 10.1039/c1ob05071k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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12
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Kumar KSA, Brik A. Accessing posttranslationally modified proteins through thiol positioning. J Pept Sci 2010; 16:524-9. [DOI: 10.1002/psc.1229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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13
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Haj-Yahya M, Ajish Kumar KS, Erlich LA, Brik A. Protecting group variations of δ-mercaptolysine useful in chemical ubiquitylation. Biopolymers 2010; 94:504-10. [DOI: 10.1002/bip.21384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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14
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Solá RJ, Griebenow K. Glycosylation of therapeutic proteins: an effective strategy to optimize efficacy. BioDrugs 2010; 24:9-21. [PMID: 20055529 DOI: 10.2165/11530550-000000000-00000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 321] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
During their development and administration, protein-based drugs routinely display suboptimal therapeutic efficacies due to their poor physicochemical and pharmacological properties. These innate liabilities have driven the development of molecular strategies to improve the therapeutic behavior of protein drugs. Among the currently developed approaches, glycoengineering is one of the most promising, because it has been shown to simultaneously afford improvements in most of the parameters necessary for optimization of in vivo efficacy while allowing for targeting to the desired site of action. These include increased in vitro and in vivo molecular stability (due to reduced oxidation, cross-linking, pH-, chemical-, heating-, and freezing-induced unfolding/denaturation, precipitation, kinetic inactivation, and aggregation), as well as modulated pharmacodynamic responses (due to altered potencies from diminished in vitro enzymatic activities and altered receptor binding affinities) and improved pharmacokinetic profiles (due to altered absorption and distribution behaviors, longer circulation lifetimes, and decreased clearance rates). This article provides an account of the effects that glycosylation has on the therapeutic efficacy of protein drugs and describes the current understanding of the mechanisms by which glycosylation leads to such effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo J Solá
- Laboratory for Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Department of Chemistry, University of Puerto Rico, Río Piedras Campus, San Juan, Puerto Rico 00931-3346, USA.
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15
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Payne RJ, Wong CH. Advances in chemical ligation strategies for the synthesis of glycopeptides and glycoproteins. Chem Commun (Camb) 2010; 46:21-43. [DOI: 10.1039/b913845e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 191] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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16
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Conroy T, Jolliffe KA, Payne RJ. Synthesis of N-linked glycopeptides via solid-phase aspartylation. Org Biomol Chem 2010; 8:3723-33. [DOI: 10.1039/c003673k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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17
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Hojo H, Katayama H, Nakahara Y. Progress in the Ligation Chemistry for Glycoprotein Synthesis. TRENDS GLYCOSCI GLYC 2010. [DOI: 10.4052/tigg.22.269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hironobu Hojo
- Department of Applied Biochemistry, Institute of Glycoscience, Tokai University, 4-1-1 Kitakaname, Hiratsuka, Kanagawa 259-1292, Japan
| | - Hidekazu Katayama
- Department of Applied Biochemistry, Institute of Glycoscience, Tokai University, 4-1-1 Kitakaname, Hiratsuka, Kanagawa 259-1292, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Nakahara
- Department of Applied Biochemistry, Institute of Glycoscience, Tokai University, 4-1-1 Kitakaname, Hiratsuka, Kanagawa 259-1292, Japan
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18
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Parsons TB, Patel MK, Boraston AB, Vocadlo DJ, Fairbanks AJ. Streptococcus pneumoniae endohexosaminidase D; feasibility of using N-glycan oxazoline donors for synthetic glycosylation of a GlcNAc-asparagine acceptor. Org Biomol Chem 2010; 8:1861-9. [DOI: 10.1039/b926078a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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20
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Skrisovska L, Schubert M, Allain FHT. Recent advances in segmental isotope labeling of proteins: NMR applications to large proteins and glycoproteins. JOURNAL OF BIOMOLECULAR NMR 2010; 46:51-65. [PMID: 19690964 DOI: 10.1007/s10858-009-9362-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2009] [Accepted: 07/17/2009] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
In the last 15 years substantial advances have been made to place isotope labels in native and glycosylated proteins for NMR studies and structure determination. Key developments include segmental isotope labeling using Native Chemical Ligation, Expressed Protein Ligation and Protein Trans-Splicing. These advances are pushing the size limit of NMR spectroscopy further making larger proteins accessible for this technique. It is just emerging that segmental isotope labeling can be used to define inter-domain interactions in NMR structure determination. Labeling of post-translational modified proteins like glycoproteins remains difficult but some promising developments were recently achieved. Key achievements are segmental and site-specific labeling schemes that improve resonance assignment and structure determination of the glycan moiety. We adjusted the focus of this perspective article to concentrate on the NMR applications based on recent developments rather than on labeling methods themselves to illustrate the considerable potential for biomolecular NMR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lenka Skrisovska
- Institute for Molecular Biology and Biophysics, ETH Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
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21
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Abstract
Glycosylation is an essential form of post-translational modification that regulates intracellular and extracellular processes. Regrettably, conventional biochemical and genetic methods often fall short for the study of glycans, because their structures are often not precisely defined at the genetic level. To address this deficiency, chemists have developed technologies to perturb glycan biosynthesis, profile their presentation at the systems level, and perceive their spatial distribution. These tools have identified potential disease biomarkers and ways to monitor dynamic changes to the glycome in living organisms. Still, glycosylation remains the underexplored frontier of many biological systems. In this Account, we focus on research in our laboratory that seeks to transform the study of glycan function from a challenge to routine practice.
In studies of proteins and nucleic acids, functional studies have often relied on genetic manipulations to perturb structure. Though not directly subject to mutation, we can determine glycan structure−function relationships by synthesizing defined glycoconjugates or by altering natural glycosylation pathways. Chemical syntheses of uniform glycoproteins and polymeric glycoprotein mimics have facilitated the study of individual glycoconjugates in the absence of glycan microheterogeneity. Alternatively, selective inhibition or activation of glycosyltransferases or glycosidases can define the biological roles of the corresponding glycans. Investigators have developed tools including small molecule inhibitors, decoy substrates, and engineered proteins to modify cellular glycans. Current approaches offer a precision approaching that of genetic control. Genomic and proteomic profiling form a basis for biological discovery. Glycans also present a rich matrix of information that adapts rapidly to changing environs. Glycomic and glycoproteomic analyses via microarrays and mass spectrometry are beginning to characterize alterations in glycans that correlate with disease. These approaches have already identified several cancer biomarkers. Metabolic labeling can identify recently synthesized glycans and thus directly track glycan dynamics. This approach can highlight changes in physiology or environment and may be more informative than steady-state analyses. Together, glycomic and metabolic labeling techniques provide a comprehensive description of glycosylation as a foundation for hypothesis generation. Direct visualization of proteins via the green fluorescent protein (GFP) and its congeners has revolutionized the field of protein dynamics. Similarly, the ability to perceive the spatial organization of glycans could transform our understanding of their role in development, infection, and disease progression. Fluorescent tagging in cultured cells and developing organisms has revealed important insights into the dynamics of these structures during growth and development. These results have highlighted the need for additional imaging probes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Carolyn R. Bertozzi
- The Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, B-84 Hildebrand Hall, Berkeley, California 94720-1460
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22
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Huang W, Li C, Li B, Umekawa M, Yamamoto K, Zhang X, Wang LX. Glycosynthases enable a highly efficient chemoenzymatic synthesis of N-glycoproteins carrying intact natural N-glycans. J Am Chem Soc 2009; 131:2214-23. [PMID: 19199609 DOI: 10.1021/ja8074677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 150] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Homogeneous N-glycoproteins carrying defined natural N-glycans are essential for detailed structural and functional studies. The transglycosylation activity of the endo-beta-N-acetylglucosaminidases from Arthrobacter protophormiae (Endo-A) and Mucor hiemalis (Endo-M) holds great potential for glycoprotein synthesis, but the wild-type enzymes are not practical for making glycoproteins carrying native N-glycans because of their predominant activity for product hydrolysis. In this article, we report studies of two endoglycosidase-based glycosynthases, EndoM-N175A and EndoA-N171A, and their usefulness in constructing homogeneous N-glycoproteins carrying natural N-glycans. The oligosaccharide oxazoline corresponding to the biantennary complex-type N-glycan was synthesized and tested with the two glycosynthases. The EndoM-N175A mutant was able to efficiently transfer the complex-type glycan oxazoline to a GlcNAc peptide and GlcNAc-containing ribonuclease to form the corresponding homogeneous glycopeptide/glycoprotein. The EndoA-N171A mutant did not recognize the complex-type N-glycan oxazoline but could efficiently use the high-mannose-type glycan oxazoline for transglycosylation. These mutants possess the transglycosylation activity but lack the hydrolytic activity toward the product. Kinetic studies revealed that the dramatically enhanced synthetic efficiency of the EndoA-N171A mutant was due to the significantly reduced hydrolytic activity toward both the Man(9)GlcNAc oxazoline and the product as well as to its enhanced activity for transglycosylation. Thus, the two mutants described here represent the first endoglycosidase-based glycosynthases enabling a highly efficient synthesis of homogeneous natural N-glycoproteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Huang
- Institute of Human Virology and Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, USA
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23
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Rich JR, Withers SG. Emerging methods for the production of homogeneous human glycoproteins. Nat Chem Biol 2009; 5:206-15. [PMID: 19295526 DOI: 10.1038/nchembio.148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Most circulating human proteins exist as heterogeneously glycosylated variants (glycoforms) of an otherwise homogeneous polypeptide. Though glycan heterogeneity is most likely important to glycoprotein function, the preparation of homogeneous glycoforms is important both for the study of the consequences of glycosylation and for therapeutic purposes. This review details selected approaches to the production of homogeneous human N- and O-linked glycoproteins with human-type glycans. Particular emphasis is placed on recent developments in the engineering of glycosylation pathways within yeast and bacteria for in vivo production, and on the in vitro remodeling of glycoproteins by enzymatic means. The future of this field is very exciting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamie R Rich
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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Affiliation(s)
- David P Gamblin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Chemistry Research Laboratory, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
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Slynko V, Schubert M, Numao S, Kowarik M, Aebi M, Allain FHT. NMR Structure Determination of a Segmentally Labeled Glycoprotein Using in Vitro Glycosylation. J Am Chem Soc 2009; 131:1274-81. [DOI: 10.1021/ja808682v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vadim Slynko
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, and Institute of Microbiology, ETH Zürich, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Mario Schubert
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, and Institute of Microbiology, ETH Zürich, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Shin Numao
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, and Institute of Microbiology, ETH Zürich, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Michael Kowarik
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, and Institute of Microbiology, ETH Zürich, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Markus Aebi
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, and Institute of Microbiology, ETH Zürich, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Frédéric H.-T. Allain
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, and Institute of Microbiology, ETH Zürich, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
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26
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Becker C, Liu X, Olschewski D, Castelli R, Seidel R, Seeberger P. Semisynthesis of a Glycosylphosphatidylinositol-Anchored Prion Protein. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2008; 47:8215-9. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.200802161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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27
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Becker C, Liu X, Olschewski D, Castelli R, Seidel R, Seeberger P. Semisynthese eines Glycosylphosphatidylinositol-verankerten Prionproteins. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200802161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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28
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Ochiai H, Huang W, Wang LX. Expeditious chemoenzymatic synthesis of homogeneous N-glycoproteins carrying defined oligosaccharide ligands. J Am Chem Soc 2008; 130:13790-803. [PMID: 18803385 DOI: 10.1021/ja805044x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
An efficient chemoenzymatic method for the construction of homogeneous N-glycoproteins was described that explores the transglycosylation activity of the endo-beta-N-acetylglucosaminidase from Arthrobacter protophormiae (Endo-A) with synthetic sugar oxazolines as the donor substrates. First, an array of large oligosaccharide oxazolines were synthesized and evaluated as substrates for the Endo-A-catalyzed transglycosylation by use of ribonuclease B as a model system. The experimental results showed that Endo-A could tolerate modifications at the outer mannose residues of the Man3GlcNAc-oxazoline core, thus allowing introduction of large oligosaccharide ligands into a protein and meanwhile preserving the natural, core N-pentasaccharide (Man3GlcNAc2) structure in the resulting glycoprotein upon transglycosylation. In addition to ligands for galectins and mannose-binding lectins, azido functionality could be readily introduced at the N-pentasaccharide (Man3GlcNAc2) core by use of azido-containing Man3GlcNAc oxazoline as the donor substrate. The introduction of azido functionality permits further site-specific modifications of the resulting glycoproteins, as demonstrated by the successful attachment of two copies of alphaGal epitopes to ribonuclease B. This study reveals a broad substrate specificity of Endo-A for transglycosylation, and the chemoenzymatic method described here points to a new avenue for quick access to various homogeneous N-glycoproteins for structure-activity relationship studies and for biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hirofumi Ochiai
- Institute of Human Virology, Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, USA
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29
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Wang LX. Chemoenzymatic synthesis of glycopeptides and glycoproteins through endoglycosidase-catalyzed transglycosylation. Carbohydr Res 2008; 343:1509-22. [PMID: 18405887 PMCID: PMC2519876 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2008.03.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2008] [Revised: 03/16/2008] [Accepted: 03/18/2008] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Homogeneous glycopeptides and glycoproteins are indispensable for detailed structural and functional studies of glycoproteins. It is also fundamentally important to correct glycosylation patterns for developing effective glycoprotein-based therapeutics. This review discusses a useful chemoenzymatic method that takes advantage of the endoglycosidase-catalyzed transglycosylation to attach an intact oligosaccharide to a polypeptide in a single step, without the need for any protecting groups. The exploration of sugar oxazolines (enzymatic reaction intermediates) as donor substrates has not only expanded substrate availability, but also has significantly enhanced the enzymatic transglycosylation efficiency. Moreover, the discovery of a novel mutant with glycosynthase-like activity has made it possible to synthesize homogeneous glycoproteins with full-size natural N-glycans. Recent advances in this highly convergent chemoenzymatic approach and its application for glycopeptide and glycoprotein synthesis are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lai-Xi Wang
- Institute of Human Virology and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.
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Ficht S, Payne RJ, Guy RT, Wong CH. Solid-phase synthesis of peptide and glycopeptide thioesters through side-chain-anchoring strategies. Chemistry 2008; 14:3620-9. [PMID: 18278777 DOI: 10.1002/chem.200701978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
An efficient new strategy for the synthesis of peptide and glycopeptide thioesters is described. The method relies on the side-chain immobilization of a variety of Fmoc-amino acids, protected at their C-termini, on solid supports. Once anchored, peptides were constructed using solid-phase peptide synthesis according to the Fmoc protocol. After unmasking the C-terminal carboxylate, either thiols or amino acid thioesters were coupled to afford, after cleavage, peptide and glycopeptide thioesters in high yields. Using this method a significant proportion of the proteinogenic amino acids could be incorporated as C-terminal amino acid residues, therefore providing access to a large number of potential targets that can serve as acyl donors in subsequent ligation reactions. The utility of this methodology was exemplified in the synthesis of a 28 amino acid glycopeptide thioester, which was further elaborated to an N-terminal fragment of the glycoprotein erythropoietin (EPO) by native chemical ligation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Ficht
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 N. Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
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Hanson S, Greenberg W, Wong CH. Probing Glycans With the Copper(I)-Catalyzed [3+2] Azide-Alkyne Cycloaddition. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/qsar.200740112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Payne RJ, Ficht S, Tang S, Brik A, Yang YY, Case DA, Wong CH. Extended Sugar-Assisted Glycopeptide Ligations: Development, Scope, and Applications. J Am Chem Soc 2007; 129:13527-36. [DOI: 10.1021/ja073653p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Richard J. Payne
- Contribution from the Departments of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, and The Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, 128 Section 2, Academia Road, Nankang, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - Simon Ficht
- Contribution from the Departments of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, and The Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, 128 Section 2, Academia Road, Nankang, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - Sishi Tang
- Contribution from the Departments of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, and The Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, 128 Section 2, Academia Road, Nankang, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - Ashraf Brik
- Contribution from the Departments of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, and The Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, 128 Section 2, Academia Road, Nankang, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ying Yang
- Contribution from the Departments of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, and The Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, 128 Section 2, Academia Road, Nankang, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - David A. Case
- Contribution from the Departments of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, and The Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, 128 Section 2, Academia Road, Nankang, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Huey Wong
- Contribution from the Departments of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, and The Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, 128 Section 2, Academia Road, Nankang, Taipei 115, Taiwan
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Ficht S, Payne R, Brik A, Wong CH. Zuckervermittelte Peptidverknüpfung der zweiten Generation: eine Methode zur Synthese von cysteinhaltigen Glycopeptiden. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200700546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Ficht S, Payne RJ, Brik A, Wong CH. Second-Generation Sugar-Assisted Ligation: A Method for the Synthesis of Cysteine-Containing Glycopeptides. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2007; 46:5975-9. [PMID: 17607677 DOI: 10.1002/anie.200700546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Simon Ficht
- The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
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Abstract
Chemical synthesis of glycoproteins from readily available materials is a powerful method for obtaining a pure product with full control of its atomic structure. Sugar-assisted ligation (SAL) is an emerging approach that allows the synthesis of a large glycopeptide from two unprotected fragments. Contrary to other ligation methods that are limited to the use of a cysteine residue or depend on external auxiliary, SAL takes advantage of the existing sugars in glycopeptides to promote proximity between the two peptides to facilitate an amide bond formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashraf Brik
- Department of Chemistry, Ben Gurion University, Beer Sheva, Israel.
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Abstract
Sugar-assisted ligation (SAL) presents an attractive strategy for the synthesis of glycopeptides, including the synthesis of cysteine-free beta-O-linked and N-linked glycopeptides. Here we extended the utility of SAL for the synthesis of alpha-O-linked glycopeptides and glycoproteins. In order to explore SAL in the context of glycoprotein synthesis, we developed a new chemical synthetic route for the alpha-O-linked glycoprotein diptericin epsilon. In the first stage of our synthesis, diptericin segment Cys(Acm)37-Gly(52) and segment Val(53)-Phe(82) were assembled by SAL through a Gly-Val ligation junction. Subsequently, after Acm deprotection, diptericin segment Cys(37)-Phe(82) was ligated to segment Asp(1)-Asn(36) by means of native chemical ligation (NCL) to give the full sequence of diptericin epsilon. In the final synthetic step, hydrogenolysis was applied to remove the thiol handle from the sugar moiety with the concomitant conversion of mutated Cys(37) into the native alanine residue. In addition, we extended the applicability of SAL to the synthesis of glycopeptides containing cysteine residues by carrying out selective desulfurization of the sulfhydryl-modified sugar moiety in the presence of acetamidomethyl (Acm) protected cysteine residues. The results presented here demonstrated for the first time that SAL could be a general and useful tool in the chemical synthesis of glycoproteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Ying Yang
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Simon Ficht
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Ashraf Brik
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
- E-mail: ,
| | - Chi-Huey Wong
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
- Genomic Research Center, Academia Sinica, 128 Sec. 2, Academia Road, Nankang, Taipei 115, Taiwan
- E-mail: ,
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Hanson SR, Hsu TL, Weerapana E, Kishikawa K, Simon GM, Cravatt BF, Wong CH. Tailored glycoproteomics and glycan site mapping using saccharide-selective bioorthogonal probes. J Am Chem Soc 2007; 129:7266-7. [PMID: 17506567 PMCID: PMC2552998 DOI: 10.1021/ja0724083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah R. Hanson
- The Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 N. Torrey Pines Rd, La Jolla, CA 92037
| | - Tsui-Ling Hsu
- The Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 N. Torrey Pines Rd, La Jolla, CA 92037
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, 128 Section 2, Academia Road, Nankang, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - Eranthie Weerapana
- The Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 N. Torrey Pines Rd, La Jolla, CA 92037
| | - Kuniyuki Kishikawa
- The Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 N. Torrey Pines Rd, La Jolla, CA 92037
| | - Gabriel M. Simon
- The Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 N. Torrey Pines Rd, La Jolla, CA 92037
| | - Benjamin F. Cravatt
- The Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 N. Torrey Pines Rd, La Jolla, CA 92037
- E-mail: ;
| | - Chi-Huey Wong
- The Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 N. Torrey Pines Rd, La Jolla, CA 92037
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, 128 Section 2, Academia Road, Nankang, Taipei 115, Taiwan
- E-mail: ;
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