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Özdemir İ, Etyemez S, Barker PB. High-field downfield MR spectroscopic imaging in the human brain. Magn Reson Med 2024; 92:890-899. [PMID: 38469953 PMCID: PMC11209804 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.30075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the feasibility of downfield MR spectroscopic imaging (DF-MRSI) in the human brain at 7T. METHODS A 7T DF-MRSI pulse sequence was implemented based on the previously described methodology at 3T, with 3D phase-encoding,1 3 ‾ 3 1 ‾ $$ 1\overline{3}3\overline{1} $$ spectral-spatial excitation, and frequency selective refocusing. Data were pre-processed followed by analysis using the "LCModel" software package, and metabolite maps created from the LCModel results. Total scan time, including brain MRI and a water-reference MRSI, was 24 min. The sequence was tested in 10 normal volunteers. Estimated metabolite levels and uncertainty values (Cramer Rao lower bounds, CRLBs) for nine downfield peaks were compared between seven different brain regions, anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), centrum semiovale (CSO), corpus callosum (CC), cerebellar vermis (CV), dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), posterior cingulate cortex (PCC), and thalamus (Thal). RESULTS DF peaks were relatively uniformly distributed throughout the brain, with only a small number of peaks showing any significant regional variations. Most DF peaks had average CRLB<25% in most brain regions. Average SNR values were higher for the brain regions ACC and DLPFC (˜7 ± 0.95, mean ± SD) while in a range of 3.4-6.0 for other brain regions. Average linewidth (FWHM) values were greater than 35 Hz in the ACC, CV, and Thal, and 22 Hz in CC, CSO, DLPFC, and PCC. CONCLUSION High-field DF-MRSI is able to spatially map exchangeable protons in the human brain at high resolution and with near whole-brain coverage in acceptable scan times, and in the future may be used to study metabolism of brain tumors or other neuropathological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- İpek Özdemir
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Semra Etyemez
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
- Department of Psychiatry, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Peter B. Barker
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
- F.M. Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, United States
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Hájek M, Flögel U, S Tavares AA, Nichelli L, Kennerley A, Kahn T, Futterer JJ, Firsiori A, Grüll H, Saha N, Couñago F, Aydogan DB, Caligiuri ME, Faber C, Bell LC, Figueiredo P, Vilanova JC, Santini F, Mekle R, Waiczies S. MR beyond diagnostics at the ESMRMB annual meeting: MR theranostics and intervention. MAGMA (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2024; 37:323-328. [PMID: 38865057 PMCID: PMC11316697 DOI: 10.1007/s10334-024-01176-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2024] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Milan Hájek
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Ulrich Flögel
- Experimental Cardiovascular Imaging, Institute for Molecular Cardiology, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Adriana A S Tavares
- Centre for Cardiovascular Sciences and Edinburgh Imaging, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Lucia Nichelli
- Sorbonne Université, Inserm, CNRS, UMR S 1127, Paris Brain Institute, ICM, Paris, France
- Department of Neuroradiology, AP-HP, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Aneurin Kennerley
- Department of Sports and Exercise Science, Institute of Sport, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, UK
- Department of Biology, University of York, York, UK
| | - Thomas Kahn
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Jurgen J Futterer
- Minimally Invasive Image-Guided Intervention Center (MAGIC), Department of Medical Imaging, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Aikaterini Firsiori
- Unit of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, Diagnostic Department, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Holger Grüll
- Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital of Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Nandita Saha
- Max-Delbrück-Centrum Für Molekulare Medizin (MDC), Berlin Ultrahigh Field Facility, Berlin, Germany
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Felipe Couñago
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Hospital Universitario San Francisco de Asís, Hospital Universitario Vithas La Milagrosa, GenesisCare, 28010, Madrid, Spain
| | - Dogu Baran Aydogan
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Maria Eugenia Caligiuri
- Neuroscience Research Center, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Università Degli Studi "Magna Graecia", Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Cornelius Faber
- Translational Research Imaging Center (TRIC), Clinic of Radiology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Laura C Bell
- Early Clinical Development, Genentech Inc., South San Francisco, USA
| | - Patrícia Figueiredo
- Institute for Systems and Robotics, ISR-Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
- Department of Bioengineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Joan C Vilanova
- Department of Radiology, Clínica Girona, Institute of Diagnostic Imaging (IDI) Girona, University of Girona, 17004, Girona, Spain
| | - Francesco Santini
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Basel Muscle MRI, Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Ralf Mekle
- Center for Stroke Research Berlin (CSB), Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sonia Waiczies
- Max-Delbrück-Centrum Für Molekulare Medizin (MDC), Berlin Ultrahigh Field Facility, Berlin, Germany.
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center (ECRC), A Joint Cooperation Between the Charité Medical Faculty and the MDC, Berlin, Germany.
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Xu Y, Chen J, Zhang Y, Zhang P. Recent Progress in Peptide-Based Molecular Probes for Disease Bioimaging. Biomacromolecules 2024; 25:2222-2242. [PMID: 38437161 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.3c01413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2024]
Abstract
Recent strides in molecular pathology have unveiled distinctive alterations at the molecular level throughout the onset and progression of diseases. Enhancing the in vivo visualization of these biomarkers is crucial for advancing disease classification, staging, and treatment strategies. Peptide-based molecular probes (PMPs) have emerged as versatile tools due to their exceptional ability to discern these molecular changes with unparalleled specificity and precision. In this Perspective, we first summarize the methodologies for crafting innovative functional peptides, emphasizing recent advancements in both peptide library technologies and computer-assisted peptide design approaches. Furthermore, we offer an overview of the latest advances in PMPs within the realm of biological imaging, showcasing their varied applications in diagnostic and therapeutic modalities. We also briefly address current challenges and potential future directions in this dynamic field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Xu
- School of Biomedical Engineering and State Key Laboratory of Advanced Medical Materials and Devices, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Junfan Chen
- School of Biomedical Engineering and State Key Laboratory of Advanced Medical Materials and Devices, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Pengcheng Zhang
- School of Biomedical Engineering and State Key Laboratory of Advanced Medical Materials and Devices, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
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Ohno Y, Yui M, Yamamoto K, Takenaka D, Koyama H, Nagata H, Ueda T, Ikeda H, Ozawa Y, Toyama H, Yoshikawa T. Chemical Exchange Saturation Transfer MRI: Capability for Predicting Therapeutic Effect of Chemoradiotherapy on Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients. J Magn Reson Imaging 2023; 58:174-186. [PMID: 36971493 DOI: 10.1002/jmri.28691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Revised: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Amide proton transfer (APT) weighted chemical exchange saturation transfer CEST (APTw/CEST) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has been suggested as having the potential for assessing the therapeutic effect of brain tumors or rectal cancer. Moreover, diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) and positron emission tomography fused with computed tomography by means of 2-[fluorine-18]-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose (FDG-PET/CT) have been suggested as useful in same setting. PURPOSE To compare the capability of APTw/CEST imaging, DWI, and FDG-PET/CT for predicting therapeutic effect of chemoradiotherapy (CRT) on stage III non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. STUDY TYPE Prospective. POPULATION Eighty-four consecutive patients with Stage III NSCLC, 45 men (age range, 62-75 years; mean age, 71 years) and 39 women (age range, 57-75 years; mean age, 70 years). All patients were then divided into two groups (Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors [RECIST] responders, consisting of the complete response and partial response groups, and RECIST non-responders, consisting of the stable disease and progressive disease groups). FIELD STRENGTH/SEQUENCE 3 T, echo planar imaging or fast advanced spin-echo (FASE) sequences for DWI and 2D half Fourier FASE sequences with magnetization transfer pulses for CEST imaging. ASSESSMENT Magnetization transfer ratio asymmetry (MTRasym ) at 3.5 ppm, apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), and maximum standard uptake value (SUVmax, ) on PET/CT were assessed by means of region of interest (ROI) measurements at primary tumor. STATISTICAL TESTS Kaplan-Meier method followed by log-rank test and Cox proportional hazards regression analysis with multivariate analysis. A P value <0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS Progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) had significant difference between two groups. MTRasym at 3.5 ppm (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.70) and SUVmax (HR = 1.41) were identified as significant predictors for PFS. Tumor staging (HR = 0.57) was also significant predictors for OS. DATA CONCLUSION APTw/CEST imaging showed potential performance as DWI and FDG-PET/CT for predicting the therapeutic effect of CRT on stage III NSCLC patients. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE 2 TECHNICAL EFFICACY: Stage 1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiharu Ohno
- Department of Radiology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Japan
- Joint Research Laboratory of Advanced Medical Imaging, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Japan
- Division of Functional and Diagnostic Imaging Research, Department of Radiology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Masao Yui
- Canon Medical Systems Corporation, Otawara, Japan
| | | | - Daisuke Takenaka
- Department of Radiology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Japan
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Hyogo Cancer Center, Akashi, Japan
| | - Hisanobu Koyama
- Department of Radiology, Osaka Police Hospital, Osaka, Japan
- Department of Radiology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Nagata
- Joint Research Laboratory of Advanced Medical Imaging, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Takahiro Ueda
- Department of Radiology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Hirotaka Ikeda
- Department of Radiology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Ozawa
- Department of Radiology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Japan
- Department of Radiology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Toyama
- Department of Radiology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Takeshi Yoshikawa
- Department of Radiology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Japan
- Division of Functional and Diagnostic Imaging Research, Department of Radiology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Hyogo Cancer Center, Akashi, Japan
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Penet MF, Sharma RK, Bharti S, Mori N, Artemov D, Bhujwalla ZM. Cancer insights from magnetic resonance spectroscopy of cells and excised tumors. NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2023; 36:e4724. [PMID: 35262263 PMCID: PMC9458776 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.4724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Multinuclear ex vivo magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) of cancer cells, xenografts, human cancer tissue, and biofluids is a rapidly expanding field that is providing unique insights into cancer. Starting from the 1970s, the field has continued to evolve as a stand-alone technology or as a complement to in vivo MRS to characterize the metabolome of cancer cells, cancer-associated stromal cells, immune cells, tumors, biofluids and, more recently, changes in the metabolome of organs induced by cancers. Here, we review some of the insights into cancer obtained with ex vivo MRS and provide a perspective of future directions. Ex vivo MRS of cells and tumors provides opportunities to understand the role of metabolism in cancer immune surveillance and immunotherapy. With advances in computational capabilities, the integration of artificial intelligence to identify differences in multinuclear spectral patterns, especially in easily accessible biofluids, is providing exciting advances in detection and monitoring response to treatment. Metabolotheranostics to target cancers and to normalize metabolic changes in organs induced by cancers to prevent cancer-induced morbidity are other areas of future development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-France Penet
- Division of Cancer Imaging Research, The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Raj Kumar Sharma
- Division of Cancer Imaging Research, The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Santosh Bharti
- Division of Cancer Imaging Research, The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Noriko Mori
- Division of Cancer Imaging Research, The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Dmitri Artemov
- Division of Cancer Imaging Research, The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Zaver M. Bhujwalla
- Division of Cancer Imaging Research, The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Molecular Radiation Sciences, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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6
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Vandergrift LA, Wang N, Zhu M, Li B, Chen S, Habbel P, Nowak J, Mason RP, Grant A, Wang Y, Malloy C, Cheng LL. 13 C NMR quantification of polyamine syntheses in rat prostate. NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2023:e4931. [PMID: 36939957 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.4931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Currently, many prostate cancer patients, detected through the prostate specific antigen test, harbor organ-confined indolent disease that cannot be differentiated from aggressive cancer according to clinically and pathologically known measures. Spermine has been considered as an endogenous inhibitor for prostate-confined cancer growth and its expression has shown correlation with prostate cancer growth rates. If established clinically, measurements of spermine bio-synthesis rates in prostates may predict prostate cancer growth and patient outcomes. Using rat models, we tested the feasibility of quantifying spermine bio-synthesis rates with 13 C NMR. Male Copenhagen rats (10 weeks, n = 6) were injected with uniformly 13 C-labeled L-ornithine HCl, and were sacrificed in pairs at 10, 30, and 60 min after injection. Another two rats were injected with saline and sacrificed at 30 min as controls. Prostates were harvested and extracted with perchloric acid and the neutralized solutions were examined by 13 C NMR at 600 MHz. 13 C NMR revealed measurable ornithine, as well as putrescine-spermidine-spermine syntheses in rat prostates, allowing polyamine bio-synthetic and ornithine bio-catabolic rates to be calculated. Our study demonstrated the feasibility of 13 C NMR for measuring bio-synthesis rates of ornithine to spermine enzymatic reactions in rat prostates. The current study established a foundation upon which future investigations of protocols that differentiate prostate cancer growth rates according to the measure of ornithine to spermine bio-synthetic rates may be developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindsey A Vandergrift
- Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Nanbu Wang
- Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Miry Zhu
- Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Bailing Li
- Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Shuyi Chen
- Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Piet Habbel
- Charite - Universitatsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Johannes Nowak
- Radiology Gotha, SRH Poliklinik Gera GmbH, Gotha, Germany
| | | | - Aaron Grant
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Yi Wang
- Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Craig Malloy
- UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Leo L Cheng
- Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Kotková Z, Koucký F, Kotek J, Císařová I, Parker D, Hermann P. Copper(II) complexes of cyclams with N-(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)-aminoalkyl pendant arms as potential probes for 19F magnetic resonance imaging. Dalton Trans 2023; 52:1861-1875. [PMID: 36448539 DOI: 10.1039/d2dt03360g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
A series of Cu(II) complexes with cyclam-based ligands containing two N-(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)-aminoalkyl pendant arms in 1,8-positions (L1: 1,2-ethylene spacer, L2: 1,3-propylene spacer; L3: 1,4-butylene spacer) was studied in respect to potential use as contrast agents for 19F magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). A number of structures of the complexes as well as of several organic precursors were determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. Geometric parameters (especially distances between fluorine atoms and the central metal ion) were determined for each complex and the identity of isomeric complex species present in solution was established. The NMR longitudinal relaxation times (T1) of 19F nuclei in the ligands at clinically relevant fields and temperatures (1-2 s) were significantly shortened upon Cu(II) binding to 7-10 ms for [Cu(L1)]2+, 20-30 ms for [Cu(L2)]2+ and 20-50 ms for [Cu(L3)]2+. The trend of the relaxation time shortening is in accordance with the distance and number of chemical bonds between fluorine atoms and the Cu(II) ion. The signals show promising T2*/T1 ratios in the range 0.25-0.55, assuring their good applicability to 19F NMR/MRI. The results show that even the Cu(II) ion, with a small magnetic moment, causes significant relaxation enhancement with a long-range effect and can be considered as a highly suitable metal ion for efficient 19F MRI contrast agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuzana Kotková
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Hlavova 8, 128 42 Prague 2, Czech Republic.
| | - Filip Koucký
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Hlavova 8, 128 42 Prague 2, Czech Republic.
| | - Jan Kotek
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Hlavova 8, 128 42 Prague 2, Czech Republic.
| | - Ivana Císařová
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Hlavova 8, 128 42 Prague 2, Czech Republic.
| | - David Parker
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Petr Hermann
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Hlavova 8, 128 42 Prague 2, Czech Republic.
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Image-guided drug delivery in nanosystem-based cancer therapies. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2023; 192:114621. [PMID: 36402247 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2022.114621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The past decades have shown significant advancements in the development of solid tumor treatment. For instance, implementation of nanosystems for drug delivery has led to a reduction in side effects and improved delivery to the tumor region. However, clinical translation has faced challenges, as tumor drug levels are still considered to be inadequate. Interdisciplinary research has resulted in the development of more advanced drug delivery systems. These are coined "smart" due to the ability to be followed and actively manipulated in order to have better control over local drug release. Therefore, image-guided drug delivery can be a powerful strategy to improve drug activity at the target site. Being able to visualize the inflow of the administered smart nanosystem within the tumor gives the potential to determine the right moment to apply the facilitator to initiate drug release. Here we provide an overview of available nanosystems, imaging moieties, and imaging techniques. We discuss preclinical application of these smart drug delivery systems, the strength of image-guided drug delivery, and the future of personalized treatment.
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Dhawan A, Pifer PM, Sandulache VC, Skinner HD. Metabolic targeting, immunotherapy and radiation in locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer: Where do we go from here? Front Oncol 2022; 12:1016217. [PMID: 36591457 PMCID: PMC9794617 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1016217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
In the US, there are ~250,000 new lung cancer diagnoses and ~130,000 deaths per year, and worldwide there are an estimated 1.6 million deaths per year from this deadly disease. Lung cancer is the most common cause of cancer death worldwide, and it accounts for roughly a quarter of all cancer deaths in the US. Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) represents 80-85% of these cases. Due to an enormous tobacco cessation effort, NSCLC rates in the US are decreasing, and the implementation of lung cancer screening guidelines and other programs have resulted in a higher percentage of patients presenting with potentially curable locoregional disease, instead of distant disease. Exciting developments in molecular targeted therapy and immunotherapy have resulted in dramatic improvement in patients' survival, in combination with new surgical, pathological, radiographical, and radiation techniques. Concurrent platinum-based doublet chemoradiation therapy followed by immunotherapy has set the benchmark for survival in these patients. However, despite these advances, ~50% of patients diagnosed with locally advanced NSCLC (LA-NSCLC) survive long-term. In patients with local and/or locoregional disease, chemoradiation is a critical component of curative therapy. However, there remains a significant clinical gap in improving the efficacy of this combined therapy, and the development of non-overlapping treatment approaches to improve treatment outcomes is needed. One potential promising avenue of research is targeting cancer metabolism. In this review, we will initially provide a brief general overview of tumor metabolism as it relates to therapeutic targeting. We will then focus on the intersection of metabolism on both oxidative stress and anti-tumor immunity. This will be followed by discussion of both tumor- and patient-specific opportunities for metabolic targeting in NSCLC. We will then conclude with a discussion of additional agents currently in development that may be advantageous to combine with chemo-immuno-radiation in NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annika Dhawan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center and University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Phillip M. Pifer
- Department of Radiation Oncology, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center and University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Vlad C. Sandulache
- Bobby R. Alford Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Heath D. Skinner
- Department of Radiation Oncology, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center and University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States,*Correspondence: Heath D. Skinner,
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Kraiger M, Klein-Rodewald T, Rathkolb B, Calzada-Wack J, Sanz-Moreno A, Fuchs H, Wolf E, Gailus-Durner V, de Angelis MH. Monitoring longitudinal disease progression in a novel murine Kit tumor model using high-field MRI. Sci Rep 2022; 12:14608. [PMID: 36028522 PMCID: PMC9418174 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-17880-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Animal models are an indispensable platform used in various research disciplines, enabling, for example, studies of basic biological mechanisms, pathological processes and new therapeutic interventions. In this study, we applied magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to characterize the clinical picture of a novel N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea-induced Kit-mutant mouse in vivo. Seven C3H KitN824K/WT mutant animals each of both sexes and their littermates were monitored every other month for a period of twelve months. MRI relaxometry data of hematopoietic bone marrow and splenic tissue as well as high-resolution images of the gastrointestinal organs were acquired. Compared with controls, the mutants showed a dynamic change in the shape and volume of the cecum and enlarged Peyer´s patches were identified throughout the entire study. Mammary tumors were observed in the majority of mutant females and were first detected at eight months of age. Using relaxation measurements, a substantial decrease in longitudinal relaxation times in hematopoietic tissue was detected in mutants at one year of age. In contrast, transverse relaxation time of splenic tissue showed no differences between genotypes, except in two mutant mice, one of which had leukemia and the other hemangioma. In this study, in vivo MRI was used for the first time to thoroughly characterize the evolution of systemic manifestations of a novel Kit-induced tumor model and to document the observable organ-specific disease cascade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Kraiger
- Institute of Experimental Genetics, German Mouse Clinic, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany.
| | - Tanja Klein-Rodewald
- Institute of Experimental Genetics, German Mouse Clinic, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Birgit Rathkolb
- Institute of Experimental Genetics, German Mouse Clinic, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Molecular Animal Breeding and Biotechnology, Gene Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Julia Calzada-Wack
- Institute of Experimental Genetics, German Mouse Clinic, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Adrián Sanz-Moreno
- Institute of Experimental Genetics, German Mouse Clinic, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Helmut Fuchs
- Institute of Experimental Genetics, German Mouse Clinic, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Eckhard Wolf
- Institute of Molecular Animal Breeding and Biotechnology, Gene Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Valérie Gailus-Durner
- Institute of Experimental Genetics, German Mouse Clinic, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Martin Hrabě de Angelis
- Institute of Experimental Genetics, German Mouse Clinic, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Chair of Experimental Genetics, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technische Universität München, Freising, Germany
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11
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Prado CM, Landi F, Chew STH, Atherton PJ, Molinger J, Ruck T, Gonzalez MC. Advances in Muscle Health and Nutrition: A Toolkit for Healthcare Professionals. Clin Nutr 2022; 41:2244-2263. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2022.07.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Revised: 07/03/2022] [Accepted: 07/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Abstract
The authors define molecular imaging, according to the Society of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, as the visualization, characterization, and measurement of biological processes at the molecular and cellular levels in humans and other living systems. Although practiced for many years clinically in nuclear medicine, expansion to other imaging modalities began roughly 25 years ago and has accelerated since. That acceleration derives from the continual appearance of new and highly relevant animal models of human disease, increasingly sensitive imaging devices, high-throughput methods to discover and optimize affinity agents to key cellular targets, new ways to manipulate genetic material, and expanded use of cloud computing. Greater interest by scientists in allied fields, such as chemistry, biomedical engineering, and immunology, as well as increased attention by the pharmaceutical industry, have likewise contributed to the boom in activity in recent years. Whereas researchers and clinicians have applied molecular imaging to a variety of physiologic processes and disease states, here, the authors focus on oncology, arguably where it has made its greatest impact. The main purpose of imaging in oncology is early detection to enable interception if not prevention of full-blown disease, such as the appearance of metastases. Because biochemical changes occur before changes in anatomy, molecular imaging-particularly when combined with liquid biopsy for screening purposes-promises especially early localization of disease for optimum management. Here, the authors introduce the ways and indications in which molecular imaging can be undertaken, the tools used and under development, and near-term challenges and opportunities in oncology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven P. Rowe
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Martin G. Pomper
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
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13
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Gooch CR, Jain MK, Petranovic M, Chow DZ, Muse VV, Gagne SM, Wu CC, Stowell JT. Thoracic Imaging Manifestations of Treated Lymphomas: Response Evaluation, Posttherapeutic Sequelae, and Complications. J Thorac Imaging 2022; 37:67-79. [PMID: 35191861 DOI: 10.1097/rti.0000000000000635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Lymphoma is the most common hematologic malignancy comprising a diverse group of neoplasms arising from multiple blood cell lineages. Any structure of the thorax may be involved at any stage of disease. Imaging has a central role in the initial staging, response assessment, and surveillance of lymphoma, and updated standardized assessment criteria are available to assist with imaging interpretation and reporting. Radiologists should be aware of the modern approaches to lymphoma treatment, the role of imaging in posttherapeutic surveillance, and manifestations of therapy-related complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cory R Gooch
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL
| | - Manoj K Jain
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL
| | | | - David Z Chow
- Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital
| | | | - Staci M Gagne
- Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Carol C Wu
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
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14
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Huang J, Chen Z, Park SW, Lai JHC, Chan KWY. Molecular Imaging of Brain Tumors and Drug Delivery Using CEST MRI: Promises and Challenges. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:451. [PMID: 35214183 PMCID: PMC8880023 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14020451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) detects molecules in their natural forms in a sensitive and non-invasive manner. This makes it a robust approach to assess brain tumors and related molecular alterations using endogenous molecules, such as proteins/peptides, and drugs approved for clinical use. In this review, we will discuss the promises of CEST MRI in the identification of tumors, tumor grading, detecting molecular alterations related to isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) and O-6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT), assessment of treatment effects, and using multiple contrasts of CEST to develop theranostic approaches for cancer treatments. Promising applications include (i) using the CEST contrast of amide protons of proteins/peptides to detect brain tumors, such as glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) and low-grade gliomas; (ii) using multiple CEST contrasts for tumor stratification, and (iii) evaluation of the efficacy of drug delivery without the need of metallic or radioactive labels. These promising applications have raised enthusiasm, however, the use of CEST MRI is not trivial. CEST contrast depends on the pulse sequences, saturation parameters, methods used to analyze the CEST spectrum (i.e., Z-spectrum), and, importantly, how to interpret changes in CEST contrast and related molecular alterations in the brain. Emerging pulse sequence designs and data analysis approaches, including those assisted with deep learning, have enhanced the capability of CEST MRI in detecting molecules in brain tumors. CEST has become a specific marker for tumor grading and has the potential for prognosis and theranostics in brain tumors. With increasing understanding of the technical aspects and associated molecular alterations detected by CEST MRI, this young field is expected to have wide clinical applications in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianpan Huang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; (J.H.); (Z.C.); (S.-W.P.); (J.H.C.L.)
| | - Zilin Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; (J.H.); (Z.C.); (S.-W.P.); (J.H.C.L.)
| | - Se-Weon Park
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; (J.H.); (Z.C.); (S.-W.P.); (J.H.C.L.)
- Hong Kong Centre for Cerebro-Cardiovascular Health Engineering (COCHE), Hong Kong, China
| | - Joseph H. C. Lai
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; (J.H.); (Z.C.); (S.-W.P.); (J.H.C.L.)
| | - Kannie W. Y. Chan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; (J.H.); (Z.C.); (S.-W.P.); (J.H.C.L.)
- Hong Kong Centre for Cerebro-Cardiovascular Health Engineering (COCHE), Hong Kong, China
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Shenzhen Research Institute, City University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518057, China
- Tung Biomedical Science Centre, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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15
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Ni R. Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Tauopathy Animal Models. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 13:791679. [PMID: 35145392 PMCID: PMC8821905 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2021.791679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The microtubule-associated protein tau plays an important role in tauopathic diseases such as Alzheimer's disease and primary tauopathies such as progressive supranuclear palsy and corticobasal degeneration. Tauopathy animal models, such as transgenic, knock-in mouse and rat models, recapitulating tauopathy have facilitated the understanding of disease mechanisms. Aberrant accumulation of hyperphosphorylated tau contributes to synaptic deficits, neuroinflammation, and neurodegeneration, leading to cognitive impairment in animal models. Recent advances in molecular imaging using positron emission tomography (PET) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) have provided valuable insights into the time course of disease pathophysiology in tauopathy animal models. High-field MRI has been applied for in vivo imaging in animal models of tauopathy, including diffusion tensor imaging for white matter integrity, arterial spin labeling for cerebral blood flow, resting-state functional MRI for functional connectivity, volumetric MRI for neurodegeneration, and MR spectroscopy. In addition, MR contrast agents for non-invasive imaging of tau have been developed recently. Many preclinical MRI indicators offer excellent translational value and provide a blueprint for clinical MRI in the brains of patients with tauopathies. In this review, we summarized the recent advances in using MRI to visualize the pathophysiology of tauopathy in small animals. We discussed the outstanding challenges in brain imaging using MRI in small animals and propose a future outlook for visualizing tau-related alterations in the brains of animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruiqing Ni
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering, ETH Zurich and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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