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Li Y, Ye Y, Yuan H, Li S, Rihan N, Liu X, Zhao Y, Che X. Dietary lipid supplementation alleviated the impacts of polystyrene nanoplastic exposure in Litopenaeus vannamei. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2024; 272:106974. [PMID: 38815344 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2024.106974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2024] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/25/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
The widespread occurrence of nanoplastic (NP) pollution in the environment is a growing concern, and its presence poses a potential threat to cultured aquatic animals. Previously, we found that NPs can significantly affect the lipid metabolism of shrimp. However, relevant reports about the effects of increasing dietary lipid levels on NP toxicity are lacking. Therefore, we explored the effects of dietary supplementation with different lipid levels on the growth and lipid metabolism of Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei). We cultured L. vannamei at three dietary lipid levels (3 %, 6 %, and 9 %) and three NP concentrations (0, 1, and 3 mg/L) for 2 months. We evaluated the effects of lipid levels on growth indexes, hepatopancreas morphological structure, lipid metabolism-related enzyme activity, and gene expression of the shrimp. The results showed that as lipid intake increased, the survival rate, body weight growth rate, and hepatosomatic ratio of the shrimp increased while the feed conversion rate decreased. Additionally, the crude protein and crude lipid contents increased, whereas the moisture and ash contents did not change much. We found that the morphological structure of the hepatopancreas was seriously damaged in the 3 mg/L NPs and 3 % dietary lipid group. Finally, lipid metabolism-related enzyme activities and gene expression levels increased with increased dietary lipid levels. Together, these results suggest that increasing dietary lipid content can improve shrimp growth and alleviate lipid metabolism disorders caused by NPs. This study is the first to show that nutrition regulation can alleviate the toxicity of NPs, and it provides a theoretical basis for the green and healthy culture of L. vannamei.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiming Li
- Fishery Machinery and Instrument Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fisheries Sciences, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Yucong Ye
- School of Life Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Haojuan Yuan
- School of Life Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Siwen Li
- School of Life Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Na Rihan
- School of Life Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Xingguo Liu
- Fishery Machinery and Instrument Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fisheries Sciences, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Yunlong Zhao
- School of Life Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China.
| | - Xuan Che
- Fishery Machinery and Instrument Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fisheries Sciences, Shanghai 200092, China.
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2
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Teng T, Zheng Z, Jiao W, Liu N, Wang A, Liu M, Xie L, Yang Z, Hu J, Bao Z. Characterization and Functional Analysis of Fads Reveals Δ5 Desaturation Activity during Long-Chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Biosynthesis in Dwarf Surf Clam Mulinia lateralis. Genes (Basel) 2024; 15:365. [PMID: 38540424 PMCID: PMC10970445 DOI: 10.3390/genes15030365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Fatty acid desaturases (Fads), as key enzymes in the biosynthesis of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFAs), catalyze the desaturation between defined carbons of fatty acyl chains and control the degree of unsaturation of fatty acids. In the present study, two Fads genes, designated MulFadsA and MulFadsB, were identified from the genome of the dwarf surf clam Mulinia lateralis (Mollusca, Mactridae), and their spatiotemporal expression was examined. MulFadsA and MulFadsB contained the corresponding conserved functional domains and clustered closely with their respective orthologs from other mollusks. Both genes were expressed in the developmental stages and all tested adult tissues of M. lateralis, with MulFadsA exhibiting significantly higher expression levels in adult tissues than MulFadsB. Subsequently, the effects of dietary microalgae on Fads expressions in the dwarf surf clam were investigated by feeding clams with two types of unialgal diets varying in fatty acid content, i.e., Chlorella pyrenoidosa (Cp) and Platymonas helgolandica (Ph). The results show that the expressions of MulFads were significantly upregulated among adult tissues in the Cp group compared with those in the Ph group. In addition, we observed the desaturation activity of MulFadsA via heterologous expression in yeasts, revealing Δ5 desaturation activity toward PUFA substrates. Taken together, these results provide a novel perspective on M. lateralis LC-PUFA biosynthesis, expanding our understanding of fatty acid synthesis in marine mollusks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianhao Teng
- MOE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; (T.T.); (Z.Z.); (A.W.)
| | - Zhenghua Zheng
- MOE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; (T.T.); (Z.Z.); (A.W.)
| | - Wenqian Jiao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; (T.T.); (Z.Z.); (A.W.)
| | - Na Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; (T.T.); (Z.Z.); (A.W.)
| | - Ao Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; (T.T.); (Z.Z.); (A.W.)
| | - Mengjiao Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; (T.T.); (Z.Z.); (A.W.)
| | - Le Xie
- MOE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; (T.T.); (Z.Z.); (A.W.)
| | - Zujing Yang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; (T.T.); (Z.Z.); (A.W.)
| | - Jingjie Hu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; (T.T.); (Z.Z.); (A.W.)
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Aquatic Germplasm of Hainan Province, Sanya Oceanographic Institution, Ocean University of China, Sanya 572000, China
| | - Zhenmin Bao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; (T.T.); (Z.Z.); (A.W.)
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Aquatic Germplasm of Hainan Province, Sanya Oceanographic Institution, Ocean University of China, Sanya 572000, China
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Chen Z, Kong Y, Huang Z, Zheng X, Zheng Z, Yao D, Yang S, Zhang Y, Aweya JJ. Exogenous alpha-linolenic acid and Vibrio parahaemolyticus induce EPA and DHA levels mediated by delta-6 desaturase to enhance shrimp immunity. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 257:128583. [PMID: 38056755 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.128583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 11/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
Globally, penaeid shrimp are the most farmed and traded aquatic organisms, although they are easily susceptible to microbial pathogens. Moreover, there is a desire to increase the nutritional value of shrimp, especially the levels of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), such as eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), which also possess immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory properties. Some aquatic animals can synthesize EPA and DHA from dietary plant-sourced alpha-linolenic acid (ALA), but penaeid shrimps' ability to synthesize these n-3 PUFAs is unknown. Here, molecular biology techniques, including gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, qPCR, ELISA, etc., were used to demonstrate that exogenous ALA or Vibrio parahaemolyticus could modulate EPA and DHA levels and immune genes in Penaeus vannamei by inducing key enzymes involved in n-3 PUFAs biosynthesis, such as delta desaturases and elongation of very long-chain fatty acid (ELOVLs). Most importantly, knockdown or inhibition of ∆6 desaturase significantly decreased EPA and DHA levels and immune gene expression even with exogenous ALA treatment, consequently affecting shrimp antibacterial immunity and survival. This study provides new insight into the potential of P. vannamei to synthesize n-3 PUFAs from exogenous ALA or upon bacteria challenge, which could be leveraged to increase their nutritional content and antimicrobial immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeyan Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Institute of Marine Sciences, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China
| | - Yonghui Kong
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Institute of Marine Sciences, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China
| | - Zishu Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Institute of Marine Sciences, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China
| | - Xiaoyu Zheng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Institute of Marine Sciences, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China
| | - Zhihong Zheng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Institute of Marine Sciences, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China
| | - Defu Yao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Institute of Marine Sciences, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China
| | - Shen Yang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Microbiology and Enzyme Engineering, College of Ocean Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Yueling Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Institute of Marine Sciences, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China.
| | - Jude Juventus Aweya
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Microbiology and Enzyme Engineering, College of Ocean Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Institute of Marine Sciences, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China.
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Ribes-Navarro A, Kabeya N, Castro LFC, Gomes-dos-Santos A, Fonseca MM, Alberts-Hubatsch H, Hontoria F, Navarro JC, Monroig Ó. Examination of gammarid transcriptomes reveals a widespread occurrence of key metabolic genes from epibiont bdelloid rotifers in freshwater species. Open Biol 2023; 13:230196. [PMID: 37875161 PMCID: PMC10597677 DOI: 10.1098/rsob.230196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous data revealed the unexpected presence of genes encoding for long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid (LC-PUFA) biosynthetic enzymes in transcriptomes from freshwater gammarids but not in marine species, even though closely related species were compared. This study aimed to clarify the origin and occurrence of selected LC-PUFA biosynthesis gene markers across all published gammarid transcriptomes. Through systematic searches, we confirmed the widespread occurrence of sequences from seven elongases and desaturases involved in LC-PUFA biosynthesis, in transcriptomes from freshwater gammarids but not marine species, and clarified that such occurrence is independent from the gammarid species and geographical origin. The phylogenetic analysis established that the retrieved elongase and desaturase sequences were closely related to bdelloid rotifers, confirming that multiple transcriptomes from freshwater gammarids contain contaminating rotifers' genetic material. Using the Adineta steineri genome, we investigated the genomic location and exon-intron organization of the elongase and desaturase genes, establishing they are all genome-anchored and, importantly, identifying instances of horizontal gene transfer. Finally, we provide compelling evidence demonstrating Bdelloidea desaturases and elongases enable these organisms to perform all the reactions for de novo biosynthesis of PUFA and, from them, LC-PUFA, an advantageous trait when considering the low abundance of these essential nutrients in freshwater environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Ribes-Navarro
- Instituto de Acuicultura Torre de la Sal (IATS), CSIC, 12595 Ribera de Cabanes, Castellón, Spain
| | - Naoki Kabeya
- Department of Marine Biosciences, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, Konan 4-5-7, Minato, Tokyo, Japan
| | - L. Filipe C. Castro
- CIMAR/CIIMAR—Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Avenida General Norton de Matos, S/N, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto (U. Porto), Rua do Campo Alegre S/N, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - André Gomes-dos-Santos
- CIMAR/CIIMAR—Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Avenida General Norton de Matos, S/N, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Miguel M. Fonseca
- CIMAR/CIIMAR—Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Avenida General Norton de Matos, S/N, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Hilke Alberts-Hubatsch
- Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Bremerhaven, Germany
| | - Francisco Hontoria
- Instituto de Acuicultura Torre de la Sal (IATS), CSIC, 12595 Ribera de Cabanes, Castellón, Spain
| | - Juan C. Navarro
- Instituto de Acuicultura Torre de la Sal (IATS), CSIC, 12595 Ribera de Cabanes, Castellón, Spain
| | - Óscar Monroig
- Instituto de Acuicultura Torre de la Sal (IATS), CSIC, 12595 Ribera de Cabanes, Castellón, Spain
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Lin Z, Wu Z, Huang C, Lin H, Zhang M, Chen M, Han K, Huang W, Ruan S. Cloning and expression characterization of elongation of very long-chain fatty acids protein 6 ( elovl6) with dietary fatty acids, ambient salinity and starvation stress in Scylla paramamosain. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1221205. [PMID: 37520818 PMCID: PMC10382226 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1221205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Elongation of very long-chain fatty acids protein 6 (ELOVL6) played crucial roles in regulating energy expenditure and fatty acid metabolism. Many studies have performed to investigate the physiological roles and regulatory mechanisms of elovl6 in fish and animals, while few studies were reported in crustaceans. Methods: Here we reported on the molecular cloning, tissue distribution and expression profiles in response to dietary fatty acids, ambient salinity and starvation stress in Scylla paramamosain by using rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE) and quantitative real-time PCR. Results: Three elovl6 isoforms (named elovl6a, elovl6b and elovl6c) were isolated from S. paramamosain in the present study. The complete sequence of elovl6a was 1345 bp, the full-length sequence of elovl6b was 1419 bp, and the obtained elovl6c sequence was 1375 bp in full length. The elovl6a, elovl6b and elovl6c encoded 287, 329 and 301 amino acids respectively, and exhibited the typical structural features of ELOVL protein family members. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the ELOVL6a from S. paramamosain clustered most closely to ELOVL6 from Portunus trituberculatus and Eriocheir sinensis, while the ELOVL6b and ELOVL6c from S. paramamosain gathered alone into a single branch. Quantitative real-time PCR exhibited that the relatively abundant expression of elovl6b was observed in intestine and stomach, and the elovl6a and elovl6c were highly expressed in hepatopancreas. In addition, studies found that replacing fish oil with soybean oil could significantly increase the transcriptional levels of three elovl6 in hepatopancreas of S. paramamosain, and the expression of elovl6a and elovl6c in hepatopancreas were more sensitive to dietary fatty acids than the elovl6b. Compared with the normal sea water group (27‰), the expression of sterol-regulatory element binding protein1c (srebp-1), elovl6a, elovl6b and elovl6c were upregulated in the low salinity groups, particularly in 7‰. On the contrary, the starvation stress suppressed the expression of srebp-1, elovl6a, elovl6b and elovl6c. Discussion: These results may contribute to understand the functions of elovl6 in fatty acid synthesis and regulatory mechanisms in crustaceans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhideng Lin
- College of Life Science, Ningde Normal University, Ningde, China
- Engineering Research Center of Mindong Aquatic Product Deep-Processing, Ningde Normal University, Ningde,China
| | - Zhouyu Wu
- College of Life Science, Ningde Normal University, Ningde, China
| | - Chaoyang Huang
- College of Life Science, Ningde Normal University, Ningde, China
| | - Huangbin Lin
- College of Life Science, Ningde Normal University, Ningde, China
| | - Mingyao Zhang
- College of Life Science, Ningde Normal University, Ningde, China
| | - Mingfeng Chen
- College of Life Science, Ningde Normal University, Ningde, China
| | - Kunhuang Han
- College of Life Science, Ningde Normal University, Ningde, China
- Engineering Research Center of Mindong Aquatic Product Deep-Processing, Ningde Normal University, Ningde,China
| | - Weiqing Huang
- College of Life Science, Ningde Normal University, Ningde, China
- Engineering Research Center of Mindong Aquatic Product Deep-Processing, Ningde Normal University, Ningde,China
| | - Shaojiang Ruan
- College of Life Science, Ningde Normal University, Ningde, China
- Engineering Research Center of Mindong Aquatic Product Deep-Processing, Ningde Normal University, Ningde,China
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Boyen J, Ribes-Navarro A, Kabeya N, Monroig Ó, Rigaux A, Fink P, Hablützel PI, Navarro JC, De Troch M. Functional characterization reveals a diverse array of metazoan fatty acid biosynthesis genes. Mol Ecol 2023; 32:970-982. [PMID: 36461663 DOI: 10.1111/mec.16808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
Long-chain (≥C20 ) polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFAs) are physiologically important fatty acids for most animals, including humans. Although most LC-PUFA production occurs in aquatic primary producers such as microalgae, recent research indicates the ability of certain groups of (mainly marine) invertebrates for endogenous LC-PUFA biosynthesis and/or bioconversion from dietary precursors. The genetic pathways for and mechanisms behind LC-PUFA biosynthesis remain unknown in many invertebrates to date, especially in non-model species. However, the numerous genomic and transcriptomic resources currently available can contribute to our knowledge of the LC-PUFA biosynthetic capabilities of metazoans. Within our previously generated transcriptome of the benthic harpacticoid copepod Platychelipus littoralis, we detected expression of one methyl-end desaturase, one front-end desaturase, and seven elongases, key enzymes responsible for LC-PUFA biosynthesis. To demonstrate their functionality, we characterized eight of them using heterologous expression in yeast. The P. littoralis methyl-end desaturase has Δ15/17/19 desaturation activity, enabling biosynthesis of α-linolenic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) from 18:2 n-6, 20:4 n-6 and 22:5 n-6, respectively. Its front-end desaturase has Δ4 desaturation activity from 22:5 n-3 to DHA, implying that P. littoralis has multiple pathways to produce this physiologically important fatty acid. All studied P. littoralis elongases possess varying degrees of elongation activity for saturated and unsaturated fatty acids, producing aliphatic hydrocarbon chains with lengths of up to 30 carbons. Our investigation revealed a functionally diverse range of fatty acid biosynthesis genes in copepods, which highlights the need to scrutinize the role that primary consumers could perform in providing essential nutrients to upper trophic levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jens Boyen
- Marine Biology, Department of Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | | | - Naoki Kabeya
- Department of Marine Biosciences, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Óscar Monroig
- Instituto de Acuicultura Torre de la Sal (IATS), CSIC, Ribera de Cabanes, Spain
| | - Annelien Rigaux
- Marine Biology, Department of Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Patrick Fink
- Department of River Ecology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Magdeburg, Germany.,Department of Aquatic Ecosystem Analysis and Management, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Magdeburg, Germany.,Aquatic Chemical Ecology, Institute for Zoology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | | | - Juan Carlos Navarro
- Instituto de Acuicultura Torre de la Sal (IATS), CSIC, Ribera de Cabanes, Spain
| | - Marleen De Troch
- Marine Biology, Department of Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
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Regulation of vtg and VtgR in mud crab Scylla paramamosain by miR-34. Mol Biol Rep 2022; 49:7367-7376. [PMID: 35715603 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-07530-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Revised: 04/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vitellogenin (Vtg) is the precursor of major yolk protein and plays a crucial role in the maturation of oocytes and the production of eggs in oviparous animals. Vitellogenin receptor (VtgR) mediates the transport of Vtg explicitly to oocytes in the membrane. In a previous study, we found that miR-34 can regulate the expression of some eyestalk genes and affect reproduction in mud crab Scylla paramamosain, one of the most important economic crabs on the coasts of southern China. METHODS AND RESULTS In this study, firstly, we found that miR-34 can target at 3'-UTR of Vtg and VtgR genes by using bioinformatic tools and predicted miR-34 might depress the expression of Vtg and VtgR. Secondly, the relative luciferase activity of HEK293T cells co-transfected with miRNA mimic and pmir-RB-REPORTTM-Vtg/VtgR-3'UTR was significantly lower than those of cells co-transfected with mimic NC and pmir-RB-REPORTTM-Vtg/VtgR-3'UTR. Finally, in vivo experiments showed that agomiR-34 could repress the expression of Vtg and VtgR genes, while Antigomir-34 could promote the expression of these two genes. CONCLUSIONS These results confirm our hypothesis and previous published results that miR-34 may indirectly regulate ovarian development by binding to the 3'-UTR of Vtg and VtgR genes and inhibiting their expression.
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8
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Ting SY, Lau NS, Sam KK, Janaranjani M, Wong SC, Monroig Ó, Quah ESH, Ahmad AB, Him NAIIN, Jaya-Ram A, Shu-Chien AC. Long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid biosynthesis in a land-crab with advanced terrestrial adaptations: Molecular cloning and functional characterization of two fatty acyl elongases. Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol 2022; 262:110773. [PMID: 35718326 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpb.2022.110773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Depending on the presence and activities of the front-end fatty acyl desaturases and elongation of very long-chain fatty acid (Elovl) enzymes, animals have different capacities for long-chain (≥C20) polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFA) biosynthesis. Successful land colonisation in brachyuran crabs requires a shift towards terrestrial food chain with limited LC-PUFA availability. We cloned and functionally characterised two elovl genes from the purple land crab Gecarcoidea lalandii. The two Elovl contained all the necessary motifs of a typical polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) Elovl and phylogenetically clustered in the Elovl1 and Elovl6 clades, respectively. The G. lalandii Elovl1 elongated saturated fatty acids, with low activities towards C20 and C22 PUFA substrates. Moreover, the G. lalandii Elovl6 was particularly active in the elongation of C18 PUFA, although it also recognised monounsaturated fatty acids as substrates for elongation. Collectively, the herein characterised G. lalandii elovl paralogues fulfil all the elongation steps involved in the LC-PUFA biosynthetic pathways. Tissue distribution of the G. lalandii elovl genes, along with the FA composition analyses, suggest the hepatopancreas and gill as key metabolic sites for fatty acid elongation. However, current data suggest that G. lalandii is unable to rely solely on biosynthesis to fulfil LC-PUFA requirements, since front-end desaturase appears to be absent in this species and other decapods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seng Yeat Ting
- Centre for Chemical Biology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang 11900, Malaysia
| | - Nyok-Sean Lau
- Centre for Chemical Biology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang 11900, Malaysia
| | - Ka-Kei Sam
- Centre for Chemical Biology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang 11900, Malaysia
| | - M Janaranjani
- Centre for Chemical Biology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang 11900, Malaysia
| | - Swe Cheng Wong
- Centre for Marine and Coastal Studies, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800, Minden, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Óscar Monroig
- Instituto de Acuicultura Torre de la Sal (IATS-CSIC), Ribera de Cabanes, 12595 Castellón, Spain
| | - Evan S H Quah
- Institute for Tropical Biology and Conservation, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Jalan UMS, 88400 Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia
| | - Amirrudin B Ahmad
- Institute of Tropical Biodiversity and Sustainable Development, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Nerus, Terengganu 21030, Malaysia
| | | | - Annette Jaya-Ram
- Centre for Marine and Coastal Studies, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800, Minden, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Alexander Chong Shu-Chien
- Centre for Chemical Biology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang 11900, Malaysia; School of Biological Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800, Minden, Penang, Malaysia.
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9
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Monroig Ó, Shu-Chien A, Kabeya N, Tocher D, Castro L. Desaturases and elongases involved in long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid biosynthesis in aquatic animals: From genes to functions. Prog Lipid Res 2022; 86:101157. [DOI: 10.1016/j.plipres.2022.101157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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10
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Rey F, Greenacre M, Silva Neto GM, Bueno-Pardo J, Domingues MR, Calado R. Fatty acid ratio analysis identifies changes in competent meroplanktonic larvae sampled over different supply events. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 173:105517. [PMID: 34798492 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2021.105517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Planktonic communities are a cornerstone of ocean food webs. Early benthic performance of meroplanktonic organisms is shaped by their life stages in planktonic communities. Fatty acid profiles of marine invertebrates are a good indicator of their nutritional state and allow inferring how dietary regimes experienced during larval pelagic life may drive their pre- and post-metamorphosis performance. Fatty acid profiles of Carcinus maenas megalopae were analysed during four larval supply events in two consecutive years to better understand the variability in their nutritional state at settlement. The logratio analysis of fatty acids showed differences between the four larval supply events, with five ratios explaining 83.1% of the variance. The ratios that contributed to separate larval supply events presented a combination of essential, de novo synthetized and diet origin fatty acids (e.g., phytanate/20:4 n-6, 16:0/18:2 n-4). The high fatty acid signature dispersion found within the same supply event suggests that larvae settling at Ria de Aveiro (Portugal) developed through different planktonic feeding zones and experienced contrasting feeding regimes. The fatty acid profile of megalopae demonstrated a high contribution of diatoms, flagellates and bacteria in the larval diet of C. maenas. The present study demonstrated differences between supply events, although a high variability of larval phenotypes was recorded within the same supply event.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felisa Rey
- ECOMARE & CESAM - Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies & Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; Mass Spectrometry Centre & LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Michael Greenacre
- Department of Economics and Business, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, & Barcelona School of Management, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Gina M Silva Neto
- ECOMARE & CESAM - Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies & Department of Biology, Campus Universitário de Santiago, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Juan Bueno-Pardo
- Future Oceans Lab, CIM-Universidade de Vigo, Campus Lagoas Marcosende, 36310 Vigo, Spain.
| | - M Rosário Domingues
- ECOMARE & CESAM - Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies & Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; Mass Spectrometry Centre & LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Ricardo Calado
- ECOMARE & CESAM - Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies & Department of Biology, Campus Universitário de Santiago, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
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11
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Wu DL, Rao QX, Cheng L, Lv WW, Zhao YL, Song WG. Cloning and characterisation of a Δ9 fatty acyl desaturase-like gene from the red claw crayfish (Cherax quadricarinatus) and its expression analysis under cold stress. J Therm Biol 2021; 102:103122. [PMID: 34863485 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2021.103122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Revised: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Desaturase is one of the key enzymes in the unsaturated fatty acid synthesis pathway. Δ9 desaturase catalyzes the synthesis of oleic acid from stearic acid by introducing double bonds in the 9th and 10th carbon chains, thereby increasing the content of MUFAs in the body. In order to explore the main function of the Δ9 desaturase gene under low temperature stress, RACE-PCR technology was used in this study to clone the full-length sequence of the CqFAD9-like from the hepatopancreas of red claw crayfish, Cherax quadricarinatus. The full length of the sequence is 1236 bp, and the open reading frame is 1041 bp, encoding 346 amino acid residues. The 5 'UTR is 116 bp, the 3' UTR is 79 bp, and the 3 'UTR contains a PloyA tail. The predicted theoretical isoelectric point and molecular weight are 8.68 and 40.28 kDa, respectively. Homology analysis showed that the sequence had the highest similarity with FAD9 from crustaceans. The results of real-time PCR showed that the expression level of this gene was highest in the hepatopancreas, which was significantly higher than other tissues, followed by the ovaries, brain ganglion and stomach. At the same time, the expression of the CqFAD9-like in hepatopancreas of crayfish cultured at 25, 20, 15 and 9 °C for four weeks was detected. The results showed that expression of the FAD9 gene increased gradually with decreasing temperature, indicating that metabolic desaturation might play a regulatory role during cold stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Lei Wu
- Institute for Agri-food Standards and Testing Technology, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Science, Shanghai, 201106, China
| | - Qin-Xiong Rao
- Institute for Agri-food Standards and Testing Technology, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Science, Shanghai, 201106, China
| | - Lin Cheng
- Institute for Agri-food Standards and Testing Technology, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Science, Shanghai, 201106, China
| | - Wei-Wei Lv
- Shanghai Runzhuang Agricultural Science and Technology Co., Ltd, China
| | - Yun-Long Zhao
- School of Life Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China; State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China.
| | - Wei-Guo Song
- Institute for Agri-food Standards and Testing Technology, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Science, Shanghai, 201106, China.
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12
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Kabeya N, Ogino M, Ushio H, Haga Y, Satoh S, Navarro JC, Monroig Ó. A complete enzymatic capacity for biosynthesis of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, 22 : 6n-3) exists in the marine Harpacticoida copepod Tigriopus californicus. Open Biol 2021; 11:200402. [PMID: 33906414 PMCID: PMC8080000 DOI: 10.1098/rsob.200402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The long-standing paradigm establishing that global production of Omega-3 (n–3) long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFA) derived almost exclusively from marine single-cell organisms, was recently challenged by the discovery that multiple invertebrates possess methyl-end (or ωx) desaturases, critical enzymes enabling the biosynthesis of n–3 LC-PUFA. However, the question of whether animals with ωx desaturases have complete n–3 LC-PUFA biosynthetic pathways and hence can contribute to the production of these compounds in marine ecosystems remained unanswered. In the present study, we investigated the complete enzymatic complement involved in the n–3 LC-PUFA biosynthesis in Tigriopus californicus, an intertidal harpacticoid copepod. A total of two ωx desaturases, five front-end desaturases and six fatty acyl elongases were successfully isolated and functionally characterized. The T. californicus ωx desaturases enable the de novo biosynthesis of C18 PUFA such as linoleic and α-linolenic acids, as well as several n–3 LC-PUFA from n–6 substrates. Functions demonstrated in front-end desaturases and fatty acyl elongases unveiled various routes through which T. californicus can biosynthesize the physiologically important arachidonic and eicosapentaenoic acids. Moreover, T. californicus possess a Δ4 desaturase, enabling the biosynthesis of docosahexaenoic acid via the ‘Δ4 pathway’. In conclusion, harpacticoid copepods such as T. californicus have complete n–3 LC-PUFA biosynthetic pathways and such capacity illustrates major roles of these invertebrates in the provision of essential fatty acids to upper trophic levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoki Kabeya
- Department of Marine Biosciences, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, Konan 4-5-7, Minato, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masanari Ogino
- Department of Marine Biosciences, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, Konan 4-5-7, Minato, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hideki Ushio
- Department of Aquatic Bioscience, The University of Tokyo, Yayoi 1-1-1, Bunkyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yutaka Haga
- Department of Marine Biosciences, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, Konan 4-5-7, Minato, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shuichi Satoh
- Department of Marine Biosciences, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, Konan 4-5-7, Minato, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Juan C Navarro
- Instituto de Acuicultura Torre de la Sal (IATS-CSIC), Ribera de Cabanes 12595, Castellón, Spain
| | - Óscar Monroig
- Instituto de Acuicultura Torre de la Sal (IATS-CSIC), Ribera de Cabanes 12595, Castellón, Spain
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13
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Dietary lipid and n-3 long-chain PUFA levels impact growth performance and lipid metabolism of juvenile mud crab, Scylla paramamosain. Br J Nutr 2021; 125:876-890. [PMID: 32854790 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114520003335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
An 8-week feeding trial was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary n-3 LC-PUFA levels on growth performance, tissue fatty acid profiles and relative expression of genes involved in the lipid metabolism of mud crab (Scylla paramamosain). Ten isonitrogenous diets were formulated to contain five n-3 LC-PUFA levels at 7 and 12 % dietary lipid levels. The highest weight gain and specific growth rate were observed in crabs fed the diets with 19·8 and 13·2 mg/g n-3 LC-PUFA at 7 and 12 % lipid, respectively. Moisture and lipid contents in hepatopancreas and muscle were significantly influenced by dietary n-3 LC-PUFA at the two lipid levels. The DHA, EPA, n-3 LC-PUFA contents and n-3:n-6 PUFA ratio in hepatopancreas and muscle significantly increased as dietary n-3 LC-PUFA levels increased at both lipid levels. The expression levels of -6 fatty acyl desaturase and acyl-CoA oxidase in hepatopancreas increased significantly, and expression levels of fatty acid synthase, carnitine palmitoyltransferase I and hormone-sensitive TAG lipase were down-regulated, with increased dietary n-3 LC-PUFA regardless of lipid level. Based on weight gain, n-3 LC-PUFA requirements of S. paramamosain were estimated to be 20·1 and 12·7 mg/g of diet at 7 and 12 % dietary lipid, respectively. Overall, dietary lipid level influenced lipid metabolism, and purified, high-lipid diets rich in palmitic acid reduced the n-3 LC-PUFA requirement of juvenile mud crab.
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14
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Boyen J, Fink P, Mensens C, Hablützel PI, De Troch M. Fatty acid bioconversion in harpacticoid copepods in a changing environment: a transcriptomic approach. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2020; 375:20190645. [PMID: 32536309 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2019.0645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
By 2100, global warming is predicted to significantly reduce the capacity of marine primary producers for long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid (LC-PUFA) synthesis. Primary consumers such as harpacticoid copepods (Crustacea) might mitigate the resulting adverse effects on the food web by increased LC-PUFA bioconversion. Here, we present a high-quality de novo transcriptome assembly of the copepod Platychelipus littoralis, exposed to changes in both temperature (+3°C) and dietary LC-PUFA availability. Using this transcriptome, we detected multiple transcripts putatively coding for LC-PUFA-bioconverting front-end fatty acid (FA) desaturases and elongases, and performed phylogenetic analyses to identify their relationship with sequences of other (crustacean) taxa. While temperature affected the absolute FA concentrations in copepods, LC-PUFA levels remained unaltered even when copepods were fed an LC-PUFA-deficient diet. While this suggests plasticity of LC-PUFA bioconversion within P. littoralis, none of the putative front-end desaturase or elongase transcripts was differentially expressed under the applied treatments. Nevertheless, the transcriptome presented here provides a sound basis for future ecophysiological research on harpacticoid copepods. This article is part of the theme issue 'The next horizons for lipids as 'trophic biomarkers': evidence and significance of consumer modification of dietary fatty acids'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jens Boyen
- Marine Biology, Department of Biology, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281-S8, 9000 Gent, Belgium
| | - Patrick Fink
- Cologne Biocenter, University of Cologne, Zülpicher Straße 47b, 50674 Köln, Germany.,Department Aquatic Ecosystem Analysis, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Brückstraße 3a, 39118 Magdeburg, Germany.,Department River Ecology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Brückstraße 3a, 39118 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Christoph Mensens
- Marine Biology, Department of Biology, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281-S8, 9000 Gent, Belgium
| | - Pascal I Hablützel
- Flanders Marine Institute (VLIZ), Wandelaarkaai 7, 8400 Oostende, Belgium
| | - Marleen De Troch
- Marine Biology, Department of Biology, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281-S8, 9000 Gent, Belgium
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15
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Lee MC, Choi BS, Kim MS, Yoon DS, Park JC, Kim S, Lee JS. An improved genome assembly and annotation of the Antarctic copepod Tigriopus kingsejongensis and comparison of fatty acid metabolism between T. kingsejongensis and the temperate copepod T. japonicus. COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY D-GENOMICS & PROTEOMICS 2020; 35:100703. [PMID: 32563028 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbd.2020.100703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2020] [Revised: 06/07/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Copepods in the genus Tigriopus are widely distributed in the intertidal zone worldwide. To assess differences in fatty acid (FA) metabolism among congeneric species in this genus inhabiting polar and temperate environments, we analyzed and compared FA profiles of the Antarctic copepod Tigriopus kingsejongensis and the temperate copepod T. japonicus. Higher amounts of total FAs were found in the Antarctic copepod T. kingsejongensis than the temperate copepod T. japonicus under administration of the identical amount of Tetraselmis suecica. To determine the genomic basis for this, we identified fatty acid metabolism-related genes in an improved genome of T. kingsejongensis. The total length of the assembled genome was approximately 338 Mb with N50 = 1.473 Mb, 938 scaffolds, and a complete Benchmarking Universal Single-Copy Orthologs value of 95.8%. A total of 25,470 genes were annotated using newly established pipeline. We identified eight elongation of very long-chain fatty acid protein (Elovl) genes and nine fatty acid desaturase (Fad) genes in the genome of T. kingsejongensis. In addition, fatty acid profiling suggested that the duplicated Δ5/6 desaturase gene in T. kingsejongensis is likely to play an essential role in synthesis of different FAs in T. kingsejongensis to those in T. japonicus. However, further experimental research is required to validate our in silico findings. This study provides a better understanding of fatty acid metabolism in the Antarctic copepod T. kingsejongensis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Chul Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | | | - Min-Sub Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Deok-Seo Yoon
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Jun Chul Park
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Sanghee Kim
- Division of Life Sciences, Korea Polar Research Institute, Incheon 21990, South Korea
| | - Jae-Seong Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea.
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16
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Ting SY, Janaranjani M, Merosha P, Sam KK, Wong SC, Goh PT, Mah MQ, Kuah MK, Chong Shu-Chien A. Two Elongases, Elovl4 and Elovl6, Fulfill the Elongation Routes of the LC-PUFA Biosynthesis Pathway in the Orange Mud Crab ( Scylla olivacea). JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2020; 68:4116-4130. [PMID: 32186869 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b06692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
While the capacity for long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid (LC-PUFA) biosynthesis has been elucidated in vertebrates and several invertebrate phyla, the comparative knowledge in crustaceans remains vague. A key obstacle in mapping the full spectrum of LC-PUFA biosynthesis in crustacean is the limited evidence of the functional activities of enzymes involved in desaturation or elongation of polyunsaturated fatty acid substrates. In this present study, we report on the cloning and functional characterization of two Elovl elongases from the orange mud crab, Scylla olivacea. Sequence and phylogenetic analysis suggest these two Elovl as putative Elovl4 and Elovl6, respectively. Using the recombinant expression system in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, we demonstrate the elongation capacity for C18-C22 PUFA substrates in the S. olivacea Elovl4. The S. olivacea Elovl6 elongated saturated fatty acids, monounsaturated fatty acids, and interestingly, C18-C20 PUFA. Taken together, both Elovl fulfill the elongation steps required for conversion of C18 PUFA to their respective LC-PUFA products. Elovl4 is expressed mainly in the hepatopancreas and gill tissues, while Elovl6 is predominant in digestive tissues. The mRNA expression of both enzymes was higher in mud crabs fed with vegetable oil-based diets. Tissue fatty acid composition also showed the existence of LC-PUFA biosynthesis intermediate products in tissues expressing these two elongases. In summary, we report here two novel Elovl with PUFA elongating activities in a marine brachyuran. This will contribute significantly to the understanding of the LC-PUFA biosynthesis pathway in crustaceans and advance the development of aquafeed for intensive farming of the mud crab.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seng Yeat Ting
- Center for Chemical Biology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Sains@USM, Blok B No. 10, Persiaran Bukit Jambul, 11900 Bayan Lepas, Penang, Malaysia
| | - M Janaranjani
- Center for Chemical Biology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Sains@USM, Blok B No. 10, Persiaran Bukit Jambul, 11900 Bayan Lepas, Penang, Malaysia
| | - P Merosha
- School of Biological Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Minden, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Ka-Kei Sam
- Center for Chemical Biology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Sains@USM, Blok B No. 10, Persiaran Bukit Jambul, 11900 Bayan Lepas, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Swe Cheng Wong
- Centre for Marine and Coastal Studies, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Minden, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Pei-Tian Goh
- School of Biological Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Minden, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Min-Qian Mah
- School of Biological Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Minden, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Meng-Kiat Kuah
- Center for Chemical Biology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Sains@USM, Blok B No. 10, Persiaran Bukit Jambul, 11900 Bayan Lepas, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Alexander Chong Shu-Chien
- Center for Chemical Biology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Sains@USM, Blok B No. 10, Persiaran Bukit Jambul, 11900 Bayan Lepas, Penang, Malaysia
- School of Biological Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Minden, Penang, Malaysia
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17
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Sun P, Zhou Q, Monroig Ó, Navarro JC, Jin M, Yuan Y, Wang X, Jiao L. Cloning and functional characterization of an elovl4-like gene involved in the biosynthesis of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids in the swimming crab Portunus trituberculatus. Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol 2020; 242:110408. [PMID: 31958500 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpb.2020.110408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2019] [Revised: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 01/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Elongation of very long-chain fatty acid 4 (Elovl4) proteins participate in the biosynthesis of long-chain and very long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFA and VLC-PUFA). In the present study, an elovl4 cDNA was cloned from the swimming crab Portunus trituberculatus by PCR techniques and functionally characterized using recombinant expression in yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The elovl4 cDNA sequence contained an open reading frame of 1038 base pairs, encoding a protein of 346 amino acids. The elovl4 has typical Elovl structures, with transmembrane domains (6) and a histidine box. The elovl4 was expressed in various tissues analyzed, with the highest expression found in intestine and hepatopancreas, followed by stomach and eyestalk. The functional characterization of Elovl4 yeast showed that the P. trituberculatus Elovl4 can elongate C18-22 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), reaching in some cases products of C24 and C26. Along its ability to elongate PUFA, the P. trituberculatus Elovl4 was also efficient in the elongation of saturated fatty acids, with 28:0 and 30:0 being prominent elongation products. These results provide insight into the LC-PUFA biosynthetic capability of commercially important species of crustaceans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Sun
- Laboratory of Fish and Shellfish Nutrition, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Zhejiang Marine High Efficiency and Healthy Aquaculture, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Qicun Zhou
- Laboratory of Fish and Shellfish Nutrition, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Zhejiang Marine High Efficiency and Healthy Aquaculture, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China.
| | - Óscar Monroig
- Instituto de Acuicultura Torre de la Sal, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IATS-CSIC), 12595 Ribera de Cabanes, Castellón, Spain.
| | - Juan Carlos Navarro
- Instituto de Acuicultura Torre de la Sal, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IATS-CSIC), 12595 Ribera de Cabanes, Castellón, Spain
| | - Min Jin
- Laboratory of Fish and Shellfish Nutrition, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Ye Yuan
- Laboratory of Fish and Shellfish Nutrition, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Xuexi Wang
- Laboratory of Fish and Shellfish Nutrition, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Lefei Jiao
- Laboratory of Fish and Shellfish Nutrition, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
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18
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Wei H, Wang H, Tang L, Mu C, Ye C, Chen L, Wang C. High-throughput sequencing reveals the core gut microbiota of the mud crab (Scylla paramamosain) in different coastal regions of southern China. BMC Genomics 2019; 20:829. [PMID: 31703624 PMCID: PMC6842235 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-019-6219-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Scylla paramamosain is a commercially important mud crab. The microbiota is a community that inhabits the crab intestine, and is important for physiological functional and host health. Results Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, Tenericutes, Spirochaetae and Fusobacteria were the dominant phyla of the 36 representative phyla. Eleven genera of the 820 representative genera were considered as core gut microbiota and were distributed in the five dominant phyla. The core genus of the Proteobacteria included Arcobacter, Photobacterium, Vibrio, Shewanella and Desulfovibrio. The other four phyla contained one or two genera. Male and female crab samples had two different core genera, (male samples: Psychrilyobacter & Lactococcus; female samples: Clostridium_sensu_stricto_11 and Candidatus_Bacilloplasma). Conclusions This is the first time core intestinal microbiota have been identified in crab from nine coastal regions of southern China. This study provides sequencing data related to the gut microbiota of S. paramamosain, and may contribute to probiotic development for S. paramamosain aquaculture industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongling Wei
- School of Marine Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, Zhejiang, China
| | - Huan Wang
- School of Marine Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, Zhejiang, China. .,Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Lei Tang
- School of Marine Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, Zhejiang, China
| | - Changkao Mu
- School of Marine Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, Zhejiang, China.,Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chunyu Ye
- Agricultural and Rural Bureau, Sanmen County, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Lizhi Chen
- Fishery Technology Station, Sanmen County, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Chunlin Wang
- School of Marine Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, Zhejiang, China. .,Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, Zhejiang, China.
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19
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Mah MQ, Kuah MK, Ting SY, Merosha P, Janaranjani M, Goh PT, Jaya-Ram A, Shu-Chien AC. Molecular cloning, phylogenetic analysis and functional characterisation of an Elovl7-like elongase from a marine crustacean, the orange mud crab (Scylla olivacea). Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol 2019; 232:60-71. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpb.2019.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2018] [Revised: 01/12/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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20
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Gene Identification and Characterization of Correlations for DEPs_DEGs Same Trend Responding to Salinity Adaptation in Scylla paramamosain. Int J Genomics 2019; 2019:7940405. [PMID: 30881981 PMCID: PMC6387702 DOI: 10.1155/2019/7940405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2018] [Revised: 09/15/2018] [Accepted: 11/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Scylla paramamosain is a commercially important species distributed along the coast of southern China and other Indo-Pacific countries. Sudden salinity drop exceeding the adjustment capability of S. paramamosain can result in damage or even mortality. In our previous study, we had analyzed the mechanism of adapting sudden drop in salinity from the level of transcriptomics and proteomics, respectively. This study performed a correlation analysis of RNA sequencing transcriptomics and iTRAQ proteomics in order to investigate the adaptation mechanisms to sudden salinity drop from 23‰ to 3‰. There were 3954 correlations and a total of 15 correlations for differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) and differentially expressed genes (DEGs) from proteomics and transcriptomics. The correlation between DEPs and DEGs was 0, and the Spearman correlation coefficient of the same trend correlation for DEPs and DEGs was the highest, reaching 0.9080. KEGG pathway enrichment correlation revealed that protein digestion and absorption (Ko04974), proximal tubule bicarbonate (Ko04964), and bile secretion (Ko04976) played important roles in Na+/H+ and Na+/K+ exchange. In addition, important genes related to osmoregulation, such as ion transport and carbonic anhydrase, were also detected in the correlation analysis for same trend DEPs_DEGs. In conclusion, the proteome and transcriptome correlation results from this study indicate that ion transport plays a critical role in the adaptation of S. paramamosain to sudden reduction in salinity.
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Wang H, Wei H, Tang L, Lu J, Mu C, Wang C. A proteomics of gills approach to understanding salinity adaptation of Scylla paramamosain. Gene 2018; 677:119-131. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2018.07.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2018] [Revised: 07/13/2018] [Accepted: 07/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Wang H, Wei H, Tang L, Lu J, Mu C, Wang C. Identification and characterization of miRNAs in the gills of the mud crab (Scylla paramamosain) in response to a sudden drop in salinity. BMC Genomics 2018; 19:609. [PMID: 30107782 PMCID: PMC6092764 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-018-4981-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2018] [Accepted: 07/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The mud crab (Scylla paramamosain) is a euryhaline and commercially important species. MiRNAs participate in the regulation of many physiological activities. RESULTS The miRNA transcriptome of the gills of S. paramamosain was used to investigate the expression profiles of miRNAs in response to a sudden drop in salinity. In total, seven known miRNAs and 43 novel miRNAs were identified, with 18 differentially expressed small RNAs. Fourteen thousand nine hundred fifty-one differentially expressed miRNAs target genes were screened by prediction. GO analysis of differentially expressed miRNAs target genes indicated that 578 genes associated with cellular processes, 523 associated with metabolic processes, and 422 associated with single-organism processes were the most strongly affected by a sudden drop in salinity from 23‰ to 3‰. KEGG pathway analysis showed 14 pathways were related to amino acid metabolism, which plays an important role in osmoregulation. Besides, several pathways were associated with starch and sucrose metabolism (ko00500), glycosaminoglycan degradation (ko00531), and galactose metabolism (ko00052). CONCLUSIONS S. paramamosain regulated osmotic pressure and energy balance by regulating target genes to adapt to a sudden changes in salinity. These results provided a basis for further investigations of miRNA-modulating networks underlying the osmoregulation of S. paramamosain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Wang
- School of Marine Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211 Zhejiang China
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211 Zhejiang China
| | - Hongling Wei
- School of Marine Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211 Zhejiang China
| | - Lei Tang
- School of Marine Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211 Zhejiang China
| | - Junkai Lu
- School of Marine Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211 Zhejiang China
| | - Changkao Mu
- School of Marine Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211 Zhejiang China
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211 Zhejiang China
| | - Chunlin Wang
- School of Marine Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211 Zhejiang China
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211 Zhejiang China
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Wu DL, Huang YH, Liu ZQ, Yu P, Gu PH, Fan B, Zhao YL. Molecular cloning, tissue expression and regulation of nutrition and temperature on Δ6 fatty acyl desaturase-like gene in the red claw crayfish (Cherax quadricarinatus). Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol 2018; 225:58-66. [PMID: 30030191 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpb.2018.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2018] [Revised: 06/27/2018] [Accepted: 07/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Desaturase enzymes play an important role in the synthesis of unsaturated fatty acids. In this study, a complete cDNA sequence of a Δ6 desaturase-like gene was cloned from the hepatopancreas of the red claw crayfish, Cherax quadricarinatus. The full-length 1885 bp sequence comprises a 5' UTR of 254 bp, 3' UTR of 234 bp, and an open reading frame (ORF) of 1377 bp encoding a 458 amino acid polypeptide (GenBank accession no. MF497442). Bioinformatics analysis revealed three conserved histidine-rich regions, a cytochrome b5 domain at the N-terminus, and a haem binding site (HPGG) in the cytochrome b5 domain, all of which are typical of Δ6 desaturases. Quantitative real-time PCR demonstrated significantly higher expression in the hepatopancreas than other tissues. After feeding crayfish four formulated diets in which fish oil was replaced by 0, 33, 67, or 100% highly unsaturated soybean oil for 8 weeks, Δ6 desaturase-like mRNA expression and enzyme activity were higher than in the fish oil only group. Additionally, a 4-week low temperature treatment at 25, 20, 15, or 9 °C increased Δ6 desaturase mRNA expression and enzyme activity with decreasing water temperature. These results may help us better understand the biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids in C. quadricarinatus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Lei Wu
- School of Life Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - You-Hui Huang
- School of Life Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Zhi-Quan Liu
- School of Life Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Ping Yu
- School of Life Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Pei-Hong Gu
- School of Life Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Bin Fan
- School of Life Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Yun-Long Zhao
- School of Life Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China.
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Lee MC, Park JC, Lee JS. Effects of environmental stressors on lipid metabolism in aquatic invertebrates. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2018; 200:83-92. [PMID: 29727774 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2018.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2018] [Revised: 04/18/2018] [Accepted: 04/23/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Lipid metabolism is crucial for the survival and propagation of the species, since lipids are an essential cellular component across animal taxa for maintaining homeostasis in the presence of environmental stressors. This review aims to summarize information on the lipid metabolism under environmental stressors in aquatic invertebrates. Fatty acid synthesis from glucose via de novo lipogenesis (DNL) pathway is mostly well-conserved across animal taxa. The structure of free fatty acid (FFA) from both dietary and DNL pathway could be transformed by elongase and desaturase. In addition, FFA can be stored in lipid droplet as triacylglycerol, upon attachment to glycerol. However, due to the limited information on both gene and lipid composition, in-depth studies on the structural modification of FFA and their storage conformation are required. Despite previously validated evidences on the disturbance of the normal life cycle and lipid homeostasis by the environmental stressors (e.g., obesogens, salinity, temperature, pCO2, and nutrients) in the aquatic invertebrates, the mechanism behind these effects are still poorly understood. To overcome this limitation, omics approaches such as transcriptomic and proteomic analyses have been used, but there are still gaps in our knowledge on aquatic invertebrates as well as the lipidome. This paper provides a deeper understanding of lipid metabolism in aquatic invertebrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Chul Lee
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Jun Chul Park
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Jae-Seong Lee
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea.
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Cloning, tissue distribution and nutritional regulation of a fatty acyl Elovl4-like elongase in mud crab, Scylla paramamosain (Estampador, 1949). Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol 2017; 217:70-78. [PMID: 29277642 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpb.2017.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2017] [Revised: 12/01/2017] [Accepted: 12/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
In this report, the full-length cDNA of fatty acyl Elovl4-like elongase was cloned from the hepatopancreas of Scylla paramamosain by rapid-amplification of cDNA ends (RACE). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of Elovl4-like elongase in crustaceans. The full-length cDNA of Elovl4-like was 1119bp, which included a 5'-terminal untranslated region (UTR) of 58bp, a 3'-terminal UTR of 44bp and an open reading frame (ORF) of 1017bp encoding a polypeptide of 338 amino acids. Tissue distribution analysis revealed that Elovl4-like transcripts are widely distributed in various organs, with high mRNA levels in the hepatopancreas and cranial ganglia. Further, Elovl4-like transcriptional levels in hepatopancreas were up-regulated in proportion to the replacement of dietary fish oil (FO) with soybean oil (SO). The result showed that Elovl4-like transcripts increased about 0.83 and 1.12-fold respectively when SO constituted 80% and 100% of total oil (P<0.05). These results may contribute to better understanding of the long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFA) biosynthetic pathway and regulation mechanism in this species.
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Shi 史海粟 H, Wu 乌日娜 R, Zheng 郑艳 Y, Yue 岳喜庆 X. Molecular mechanisms underlying catalytic activity of delta 6 desaturase from Glossomastix chrysoplasta and Thalassiosira pseudonana. J Lipid Res 2017; 59:79-88. [PMID: 29167410 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.m079806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2017] [Revised: 11/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Delta 6 desaturase (FADS2) is a critical bifunctional enzyme required for PUFA biosynthesis. In some organisms, FADS2s have high substrate specificity, whereas in others, they have high catalytic activity. Previously, we analyzed the molecular mechanisms underlying high FADS2 substrate specificity; in this study, we assessed those underlying the high catalytic activity of FADS2s from Glossomastix chrysoplasta and Thalassiosira pseudonana To understand the structural basis of this catalytic activity, GcFADS2 and TpFADS2 sequences were divided into nine sections, and a domain-swapping approach was applied to examine the role of each section in facilitating the catalytic activity of the overall protein. The results revealed two regions essential to this process: one that extends from the end of the fourth to the beginning of the fifth cytoplasmic transmembrane domain, and another that includes the C-terminal region that occurs after the sixth cytoplasmic transmembrane domain. Based on the domain-swapping analyses, the amino acid residues at ten sites were identified to differ between the GcFADS2 and TpFADS2 sequences, and therefore further analyzed by site-directed mutagenesis. T302V, S322A, Y375F, and M384S/M385 substitutions in TpFADS2 significantly affected FADS2 catalytic efficiency. This study offers a solid basis for in-depth understanding of catalytic efficiency of FADS2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haisu Shi 史海粟
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, P.R. China
| | - Rina Wu 乌日娜
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, P.R. China
| | - Yan Zheng 郑艳
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, P.R. China
| | - Xiqing Yue 岳喜庆
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, P.R. China
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