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Jiang Q, Lu S, Xu X, Bai C, Yan Q, Fang M, Huang L, Jin C, Zhang Y, Sun J, He Z, Zhao C, Qin F, Wang Y, Zhang T. Inhibition of alanine-serine-cysteine transporter 2-mediated auto-enhanced photodynamic cancer therapy of co-nanoassembly between V-9302 and photosensitizer. J Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 629:773-784. [PMID: 36195017 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2022.05.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The efficiency of reactive oxygen species (ROS)-based photodynamic therapy (PDT) is far from satisfactory, because cancer cells can adapt to PDT by upregulating glutathione (GSH) levels. The GSH levels in tumor cells are determined based on glutamine availability via alanine-serine-cysteine transporter 2 (ASCT2)-mediated entry into cells. Herein, we develop co-assembled nanoparticles (PPa/V-9302 NPs) of the photosensitizer pyropheophorbide a (PPa) and V-9302 (a known inhibitor of ASCT2) in a 1:1 M ratio using a one-step precipitation method to auto-enhance photodynamic therapy. The computational simulations revealed that PPa and V-9302 could self-assemble through different driving forces, such as π-π stacking, hydrophobic interactions, and ionic bonds. Such PPa/V-9302 NPs could disrupt the intracellular redox homeostasis due to enhanced ROS production via PPa-induced PDT and reduced GSH synthesis via inhibition of the ASCT2-mediated glutamine flux by V-9302. The in vivo assays reveal that PPa/V-9302 NPs could increase the drug accumulation in tumor sites and suppress tumor growth in BALB/c mice bearing mouse breast carcinoma (4 T1) tumor. Our findings provide a new paradigm for the rational design of the PDT-based combinational cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qikun Jiang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Sirun Lu
- Department of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Xiaolan Xu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Chenxia Bai
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Qing Yan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Mengna Fang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Li Huang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | | | - Yunran Zhang
- Shanghai Institute of Pharmacists, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 315615, China
| | - Jin Sun
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Zhonggui He
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Chunyang Zhao
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110002, China.
| | - Feng Qin
- Department of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China.
| | - Yongjun Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China.
| | - Tianhong Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China.
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