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Morciano P, Grifoni D. Breaking the brain barrier: cell competition in neural development and disease. Neural Regen Res 2024; 19:1863-1864. [PMID: 38227500 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.391185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Patrizia Morciano
- Department of "Life, Health and Environmental Sciences", University of L'Aquila, Italy
- "INFN-Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso", Assergi, Italy
| | - Daniela Grifoni
- Department of "Life, Health and Environmental Sciences", University of L'Aquila, Italy
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Fernández Moro C, Geyer N, Gerling M. Cellular spartans at the pass: Emerging intricacies of cell competition in early and late tumorigenesis. Curr Opin Cell Biol 2024; 86:102315. [PMID: 38181657 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceb.2023.102315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024]
Abstract
Cell competition is a mechanism for cellular quality control based on cell-cell comparisons of fitness. Recent studies have unveiled a central and complex role for cell competition in cancer. Early tumors exploit cell competition to replace neighboring normal epithelial cells. Intestinal adenomas, for example, use cell competition to outcompete wild-type epithelial cells. However, oncogenic mutations do not always confer an advantage: wild-type cells can identify mutant cells and enforce their extrusion through cell competition, a process termed "epithelial defense against cancer". A particularly interesting situation emerges in metastasis: supercompetitive tumor cells encounter heterotypic partners and engage in reciprocal competition with diverging outcomes. This article sheds light on the emerging complexity of cell competition by highlighting recent studies that unveil its context dependency. Finally, we propose that tissue histomorphology implies a crucial role for cell competition at tumor invasion fronts particularly in metastases, warranting increased attention in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Fernández Moro
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, 14183 Huddinge, Sweden; Department of Clinical Pathology and Cancer Diagnostics, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, 14186, Sweden; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Division of Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, 14186 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Natalie Geyer
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, 14183 Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Marco Gerling
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, 14183 Huddinge, Sweden; Theme Cancer, Karolinska University Hospital, 17 176 Solna, Sweden.
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Reggiani F, Ambrosio M, Croce M, Tanda ET, Spagnolo F, Raposio E, Petito M, El Rashed Z, Forlani A, Pfeffer U, Amaro AA. Interdependence of Molecular Lesions That Drive Uveal Melanoma Metastasis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15602. [PMID: 37958591 PMCID: PMC10648765 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242115602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The metastatic risk of uveal melanoma (UM) is defined by a limited number of molecular lesions, somatic mutations (SF3B1 and BAP1), and copy number alterations (CNA): monosomy of chromosome 3 (M3), chr8q gain (8q), chr6p gain (6p), yet the sequence of events is not clear. We analyzed data from three datasets (TCGA-UVM, GSE27831, GSE51880) with information regarding M3, 8q, 6p, SF3B1, and BAP1 status. We confirm that BAP1 mutations are always associated with M3 in high-risk patients. All other features (6p, 8q, M3, SF3B1 mutation) were present independently from each other. Chr8q gain was frequently associated with chr3 disomy. Hierarchical clustering of gene expression data of samples with different binary combinations of aggressivity factors shows that patients with 8q|M3, BAP1|M3 form one cluster enriched in samples that developed metastases. Patients with 6p combined with either 8q or SF3B1 are mainly represented in the other, low-risk cluster. Several gene expression events that show a non-significant association with outcome when considering single features become significant when analyzing combinations of risk features indicating additive action. The independence of risk factors is consistent with a random risk model of UM metastasis without an obligatory sequence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Reggiani
- Laboratory of Gene Expression Regulation, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genova, Italy
| | - Marianna Ambrosio
- Laboratory of Gene Expression Regulation, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genova, Italy
- Department of Experimental Medicine (DIMES), University of Genova, Via Leon Battista Alberti, 16132 Genova, Italy
| | - Michela Croce
- Biotherapies, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genova, Italy
| | - Enrica Teresa Tanda
- Skin Cancer Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genova, Italy
- Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Genova, Viale Benedetto XV, 16132 Genova, Italy
| | - Francesco Spagnolo
- Skin Cancer Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genova, Italy
- Department of Surgical Sciences and Integrated Diagnostics (DISC), University of Genova, 16132 Genova, Italy
| | - Edoardo Raposio
- Department of Surgical Sciences and Integrated Diagnostics (DISC), University of Genova, 16132 Genova, Italy
- Plastic Surgery Division, Department of Surgical Sciences and Integrated Diagnostics (DISC), University of Genova, 16132 Genova, Italy
| | - Mariangela Petito
- Laboratory of Gene Expression Regulation, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genova, Italy
| | - Zeinab El Rashed
- Laboratory of Gene Expression Regulation, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genova, Italy
| | - Alessandra Forlani
- Laboratory of Gene Expression Regulation, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genova, Italy
| | - Ulrich Pfeffer
- Laboratory of Gene Expression Regulation, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genova, Italy
| | - Adriana Agnese Amaro
- Laboratory of Gene Expression Regulation, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genova, Italy
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Amaro A, Pfeffer U. Clonal Extinction Drives Tumorigenesis. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:4761. [PMID: 37835454 PMCID: PMC10571900 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15194761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Before a tumor is diagnosed and surgically removed, it has been growing for many months or even years [...].
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Amaro
- Laboratory of Regulation of Gene Expression, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genova, Italy
| | - Ulrich Pfeffer
- Laboratory of Regulation of Gene Expression, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genova, Italy
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