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Thornton HF, LaHue SC, Bove R, Waters J, O'Neal MA, Bui E. Emerging Subspecialties in Neurology: Women's Neurology. Neurology 2024; 102:e208009. [PMID: 38165380 PMCID: PMC10834140 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000208009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
The influence of sex and gender on neurologic disease has become increasingly recognized in science and medicine. This is evident across a woman's lifespan especially during periods of hormonal transitions. Leaders in neurology have advocated for the importance of sex and gender-enriched clinical care, education, and research. The scope of women's neurology spans across a woman's life including puberty, adolescence, peripartum care, menopause, and aging. Women's neurology is a new subspecialty that aligns with a specific patient population and intersects with established neurology subspecialties and other specialties such as obstetrics, maternal fetal medicine, endocrinology, and psychiatry. Its establishment and collaboration with existing and emerging fields enables a more comprehensive approach to neurologic illness through the lens of sex and gender. Women's neurology is rapidly evolving through increased focus at academic centers, including expanded women's neurology curricula, dedicated women's neurology fellowship programs, improved understanding of sex and gender issues in neurosciences, and expansion of therapeutic options. Herein, we describe the history of the women's neurology field, emerging need for women's neurology specialists, information about training and career opportunities, and future directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayley F Thornton
- From the Department of Clinical Neurosciences (H.F.T.), Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Neurology (S.C.L., R.B.), and UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences (S.C.L., R.B.), Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco; Buck Institute for Research on Aging (S.C.L.), Novato, CA; Department of Neurology (J.W.), University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, PA; Department of Neurology (M.A.O.N.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA; Division of Neurology (E.B.), Department of Medicine, University of Toronto; and Krembil Brain Institute (E.B.), University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sara C LaHue
- From the Department of Clinical Neurosciences (H.F.T.), Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Neurology (S.C.L., R.B.), and UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences (S.C.L., R.B.), Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco; Buck Institute for Research on Aging (S.C.L.), Novato, CA; Department of Neurology (J.W.), University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, PA; Department of Neurology (M.A.O.N.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA; Division of Neurology (E.B.), Department of Medicine, University of Toronto; and Krembil Brain Institute (E.B.), University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Riley Bove
- From the Department of Clinical Neurosciences (H.F.T.), Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Neurology (S.C.L., R.B.), and UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences (S.C.L., R.B.), Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco; Buck Institute for Research on Aging (S.C.L.), Novato, CA; Department of Neurology (J.W.), University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, PA; Department of Neurology (M.A.O.N.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA; Division of Neurology (E.B.), Department of Medicine, University of Toronto; and Krembil Brain Institute (E.B.), University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Janet Waters
- From the Department of Clinical Neurosciences (H.F.T.), Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Neurology (S.C.L., R.B.), and UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences (S.C.L., R.B.), Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco; Buck Institute for Research on Aging (S.C.L.), Novato, CA; Department of Neurology (J.W.), University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, PA; Department of Neurology (M.A.O.N.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA; Division of Neurology (E.B.), Department of Medicine, University of Toronto; and Krembil Brain Institute (E.B.), University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mary A O'Neal
- From the Department of Clinical Neurosciences (H.F.T.), Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Neurology (S.C.L., R.B.), and UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences (S.C.L., R.B.), Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco; Buck Institute for Research on Aging (S.C.L.), Novato, CA; Department of Neurology (J.W.), University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, PA; Department of Neurology (M.A.O.N.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA; Division of Neurology (E.B.), Department of Medicine, University of Toronto; and Krembil Brain Institute (E.B.), University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Esther Bui
- From the Department of Clinical Neurosciences (H.F.T.), Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Neurology (S.C.L., R.B.), and UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences (S.C.L., R.B.), Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco; Buck Institute for Research on Aging (S.C.L.), Novato, CA; Department of Neurology (J.W.), University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, PA; Department of Neurology (M.A.O.N.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA; Division of Neurology (E.B.), Department of Medicine, University of Toronto; and Krembil Brain Institute (E.B.), University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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