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Yan M, Wu S, Wang Y, Liang M, Wang M, Hu W, Yu G, Mao Z, Huang F, Zhou J. Recent Progress of Supramolecular Chemotherapy Based on Host-Guest Interactions. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2304249. [PMID: 37478832 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202304249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2023]
Abstract
Chemotherapy is widely recognized as an effective approach for treating cancer due to its ability to eliminate cancer cells using chemotherapeutic drugs. However, traditional chemotherapy suffers from various drawbacks, including limited solubility and stability of drugs, severe side effects, low bioavailability, drug resistance, and challenges in tracking treatment efficacy. These limitations greatly hinder its widespread clinical application. In contrast, supramolecular chemotherapy, which relies on host-guest interactions, presents a promising alternative by offering highly efficient and minimally toxic anticancer drug delivery. In this review, an overview of recent advancements in supramolecular chemotherapy based on host-guest interactions is provided. The significant role it plays in guiding cancer therapy is emphasized. Drawing on a wealth of cutting-edge research, herein, a timely and valuable resource for individuals interested in the field of supramolecular chemotherapy or cancer therapy, is presented. Furthermore, this review contributes to the progression of the field of supramolecular chemotherapy toward clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miaomiao Yan
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 110819, P. R. China
| | - Sha Wu
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 110819, P. R. China
| | - Yuhao Wang
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 110819, P. R. China
| | - Minghao Liang
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 110819, P. R. China
| | - Mengbin Wang
- Stoddart Institute of Molecular Science, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, P. R. China
- Zhejiang-Israel Joint Laboratory of Self-Assembling Functional Materials, ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 311215, P. R. China
| | - Wenting Hu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310009, P. R. China
| | - Guocan Yu
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Zhengwei Mao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, P. R. China
| | - Feihe Huang
- Stoddart Institute of Molecular Science, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, P. R. China
- Zhejiang-Israel Joint Laboratory of Self-Assembling Functional Materials, ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 311215, P. R. China
| | - Jiong Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 110819, P. R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Supramolecular Coordination Materials and Applications, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, P. R. China
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Ye Y, Ma P, Ma Y, Yang N, Chen X, Yang X, Shen L, Xiao X. Study on the host-guest interactions between tetramethyl cucurbit[6]uril and 2-heterocyclic-substituted benzimidazoles. RSC Adv 2024; 14:2652-2658. [PMID: 38229718 PMCID: PMC10790279 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra07810h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2024] [Indexed: 01/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Cucurbit[n]urils (Q[n]s) are a class of supramolecular host compounds with hydrophilic carbonyl ports and hydrophobic cavities, which can selectively form host-guest inclusion complexes with guest molecules to change the properties of guest molecules. In this paper, tetramethyl cucurbit[6]uril (TMeQ[6]) was used as the host and three 2-heterocyclic substituted benzimidazole derivatives as the guests, and their modes of interaction were investigated using X-ray crystallography, 1H NMR spectrometry, and other analytical techniques. The results showed that TMeQ[6] formed a 1 : 1 host-guest inclusion complex with three guest molecules, and the binding process between them was mainly enthalpy-driven. The X-ray diffraction analysis indicated that the main driving forces for the formation of these three inclusion complexes included hydrogen bonding interactions and ion dipole interactions. There are two modes of interaction between G3 and TMeQ[6] in the liquid phase, indicating that the benzimidazole ring and heterocyclic substituents on the guest molecule compete with the cavity of TMeQ[6]. Besides, the addition of TMeQ[6] significantly enhanced the fluorescence of these guests and slightly improved their solubility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanan Ye
- Key Laboratory of Macrocyclic and Supramolecular Chemistry of Guizhou Province, Institute of Applied Chemistry, Guizhou University Guiyang 550025 China
| | - Peihua Ma
- Key Laboratory of Macrocyclic and Supramolecular Chemistry of Guizhou Province, Institute of Applied Chemistry, Guizhou University Guiyang 550025 China
| | - Yue Ma
- Guiyang College of Humanities and Science Guiyang 550025 China
| | - Naqin Yang
- Key Laboratory of Macrocyclic and Supramolecular Chemistry of Guizhou Province, Institute of Applied Chemistry, Guizhou University Guiyang 550025 China
| | - Xiaoqian Chen
- Key Laboratory of Macrocyclic and Supramolecular Chemistry of Guizhou Province, Institute of Applied Chemistry, Guizhou University Guiyang 550025 China
| | - Xinan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Macrocyclic and Supramolecular Chemistry of Guizhou Province, Institute of Applied Chemistry, Guizhou University Guiyang 550025 China
| | - Lingyi Shen
- School of Basic Medicine, Guizhou Medical University Guiyang 550025 China
| | - Xin Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Macrocyclic and Supramolecular Chemistry of Guizhou Province, Institute of Applied Chemistry, Guizhou University Guiyang 550025 China
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Fooladi S, Nematollahi MH, Iravani S. Nanophotocatalysts in biomedicine: Cancer therapeutic, tissue engineering, biosensing, and drug delivery applications. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 231:116287. [PMID: 37263475 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.116287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 05/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Photocatalysis can be considered as a green technology owing to its excellent potential for sustainability and fulfilling several principles of green chemistry. This process uses light radiation as the primary energy source, preventing or reducing the requirement for artificial light sources and exogenous catalytic entities. Photocatalysis has promising applications in biomedicine such as drug delivery, biosensing, tissue engineering, cancer therapeutics, etc. In targeted cancer therapeutics, photocatalysis can be employed in photodynamic therapy to form reactive oxygen species that damage cancerous cells' structure. Nanophotocatalysts can be used in targeted drug delivery, showing potential applications in nuclear-targeted drug delivery along with specific delivery of chemotherapeutics to cancer cells or tumor sites. On the other hand, in tissue engineering, nanophotocatalysts can be employed in designing scaffolds that promote cell growth and tissue regeneration. However, some important challenges pertaining to the performance of photocatalysis, large-scale production of nanophotocatalysts, optimization of reaction/synthesis conditions, long-term biosafety issues, stability, clinical translation, etc. still need further explorations. Herein, the most recent advancements pertaining to the biomedical applications of nanophotocatalysts are reflected, focusing on drug delivery, tissue engineering, biosensing, and cancer therapeutic potentials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saba Fooladi
- Student Research Committee, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hadi Nematollahi
- Applied Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran; Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
| | - Siavash Iravani
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, 81746-73461, Isfahan, Iran.
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Chen X, Yang N, Ma Y, Yang X, Ma P. A fluorescent probe for detection of Hg 2+ ions constructed by tetramethyl cucurbit[6]uril and 1,2-bis(4-pyridyl)ethene. Beilstein J Org Chem 2023; 19:864-872. [PMID: 37346492 PMCID: PMC10280054 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.19.63] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023] Open
Abstract
In this paper, tetramethyl cucurbit[6]uril (TMeQ[6]) and 1,2-bis(4-pyridyl)ethene (G) were used to construct a supramolecular fluorescent probe G@TMeQ[6]. The host-guest interaction between TMeQ[6] and G was investigated using 1H NMR spectroscopy, single-crystal X-ray diffraction and various experimental techniques. The results show that TMeQ[6] and G form an inclusion complex with a host-guest ratio of 1:1 and the equilibrium association constant (Ka) was 2.494 × 104 M-1. The G@TMeQ[6] fluorescent probe can sensitively recognize Hg2+ ions by fluorescence enhancement. The linear range is 0.33 × 10-5-1.65 × 10-5 mol·L-1, R2 = 0.9926, and the limit of detection is 4.12 × 10-8 mol·L-1. The fluorescent probe can be used to detect the concentration of Hg2+ ions in aqueous solution, and provides a theoretical basis for the development of new fluorescent probes for detecting heavy metal ions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqian Chen
- Key Laboratory of Macrocyclic and Supramolecular Chemistry of Guizhou Province, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Naqin Yang
- Key Laboratory of Macrocyclic and Supramolecular Chemistry of Guizhou Province, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Yue Ma
- Guiyang College of Humanities and Science, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Xinan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Macrocyclic and Supramolecular Chemistry of Guizhou Province, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Peihua Ma
- Key Laboratory of Macrocyclic and Supramolecular Chemistry of Guizhou Province, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
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Shukla S, Sagar B, Sood AK, Gaur A, Batra S, Gulati S. Supramolecular Chemotherapy with Cucurbit[ n]urils as Encapsulating Hosts. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2023. [PMID: 37224296 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.3c00244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The cucurbit[n]urils (CB[n]) belong to the field of relatively young supramolecules which act as containers for a large variety of guests and are being explored extensively for their numerous biomedical applications. This includes drug formulation and delivery, controlled drug release, photodynamic therapy, sensing for bioanalytical purposes, etc. These supramolecular host-guest systems have distinctive recognition properties and have successfully been shown to enhance the in vitro and in vivo utility of various chemotherapeutic agents. The CB[n]s are tailored to optimize their application in payload delivery and diagnostics and in lowering the toxicity of existing drugs. This review has listed the recent studies on working mechanisms and host-guest complexation of the biologically vital molecules with CB[n] and highlighted their implementation in anticancer therapeutics. Various modifications in CB-drug inclusion compounds like CB supramolecular nanoarchitectures along with application in photodynamic therapy, which has shown potential as targeted drug delivery vehicles in cancer chemotherapy, have also been discussed.
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Gao R, Ge Q, Cong H, Zhang Y, Zhao J. Preparation and Biomedical Applications of Cucurbit[n]uril-Based Supramolecular Hydrogels. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28083566. [PMID: 37110800 PMCID: PMC10142449 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28083566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2023] [Revised: 04/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The cucurbit[n]uril supramolecular hydrogels are driven by weak intermolecular interactions, of which exhibit good stimuli responsiveness and excellent self-healing properties. According to the composition of the gelling factor, supramolecular hydrogels comprise Q[n]-cross-linked small molecules and Q[n]-cross-linked polymers. According to different driving forces, hydrogels are driven by the outer-surface interaction, the host-guest inclusion interaction, and the host-guest exclusion interaction. Host-guest interactions are widely used in the construction of self-healing hydrogels, which can spontaneously recover after being damaged, thereby prolonging their service life. The smart Q[n]s-based supramolecular hydrogel composed is a kind of adjustable and low-toxicity soft material. By designing the structure of the hydrogel or modifying the fluorescent properties, etc., it can be widely used in biomedicine. In this review, we mainly focus on the preparation of Q[n]-based hydrogels and their biomedical applications including cell encapsulation for biocatalysis, biosensors for high sensitivity, 3D printing for potential tissue engineering, drug release for sustained delivery, and interfacial adhesion for self-healing materials. In addition, we also presented the current challenges and prospects in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruihan Gao
- Enterprise Technology Center of Guizhou Province, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
- Key Laboratory of Macrocyclic and Supramolecular Chemistry of Guizhou Province, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Qingmei Ge
- Enterprise Technology Center of Guizhou Province, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Hang Cong
- Enterprise Technology Center of Guizhou Province, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Yunqian Zhang
- Enterprise Technology Center of Guizhou Province, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
- Key Laboratory of Macrocyclic and Supramolecular Chemistry of Guizhou Province, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Jianglin Zhao
- Precision Medicine R&D Center, Zhuhai Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhuhai 519000, China
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You Y, Zhu K, Wang J, Liang Q, Li W, Wang L, Guo B, Zhou J, Feng X, Shi J. ROCK inhibitor: Focus on recent updates. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2023.108336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
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Wang X, Liu Y, Wu T, Gu B, Sun H, He H, Gong H, Zhu H. A win-win scenario for antibacterial activity and skin mildness of cationic surfactants based on the modulation of host-guest supramolecular conformation. Bioorg Chem 2023; 134:106448. [PMID: 36868128 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2023.106448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023]
Abstract
The commercial cationic surfactants (CSAa) with quaternary ammonium (QA) groups have proved to be broad-spectrum bactericide against bacteria, fungi, and viruses. Nevertheless, they inevitably exhibit potent irritation on the skin. In this work, we systematically investigated the regulatory mechanism of the host-guest supramolecular conformation with β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) on the bactericidal performance and skin irritation of CSAa with different head groups and chain lengths. When the ratio of incorporated β-CD is not greater than 1:1, the bactericidal efficiency of CSAa@β-CD (n > 12) remained above 90 % due to the free QA groups and hydrophobic fraction that can act on negatively charged bacterial membranes. And once the ratio of β-CD exceeded 1:1, the β-CD attracted to the bacterial surface by hydrogen bonding might prevent CSAa@β-CD from acting on bacteria, resulting in a decrement in antibacterial performance. Even so, the antibacterial activity of CSAa with long alkyl chains (n = 16, 18) was independent from the complexation of β-CD. Accordingly, both the zein solubilization assay and the neutrophil migration assay on zebrafish skin evidenced that β-CD attenuated the interaction of surfactant with skin model proteins and the inflammatory effect on zebrafish, thereby enhancing skin mildness. In this way, we hope to create a simple but effective brainpower using the host-guest approach to guarantee both bactericidal efficiency and skin mildness without modifying the chemical structure of these commercial biocides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuejiao Wang
- Fujian-Taiwan Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Biomedical Materials and Tissue Engineering, Engineering Research Center of Industrial Biocatalysis, Key Laboratory of OptoElectronic Science and Technology for Medicine of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, PR China.
| | - Yuting Liu
- Fujian-Taiwan Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Biomedical Materials and Tissue Engineering, Engineering Research Center of Industrial Biocatalysis, Key Laboratory of OptoElectronic Science and Technology for Medicine of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, PR China
| | - Tongyue Wu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, PR China
| | - Biaofeng Gu
- Fujian-Taiwan Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Biomedical Materials and Tissue Engineering, Engineering Research Center of Industrial Biocatalysis, Key Laboratory of OptoElectronic Science and Technology for Medicine of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, PR China
| | - Hao Sun
- Fujian-Taiwan Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Biomedical Materials and Tissue Engineering, Engineering Research Center of Industrial Biocatalysis, Key Laboratory of OptoElectronic Science and Technology for Medicine of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, PR China
| | - Huanling He
- Fujian-Taiwan Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Biomedical Materials and Tissue Engineering, Engineering Research Center of Industrial Biocatalysis, Key Laboratory of OptoElectronic Science and Technology for Medicine of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, PR China
| | - Haiqin Gong
- Fujian-Taiwan Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Biomedical Materials and Tissue Engineering, Engineering Research Center of Industrial Biocatalysis, Key Laboratory of OptoElectronic Science and Technology for Medicine of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, PR China
| | - Hu Zhu
- Fujian-Taiwan Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Biomedical Materials and Tissue Engineering, Engineering Research Center of Industrial Biocatalysis, Key Laboratory of OptoElectronic Science and Technology for Medicine of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, PR China.
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Yang N, Zhu YY, Lin WX, Lu YL, Xu WR. pH-Responsive fluorescent supramolecular nanoparticles based on tetraphenylethylene-labelled chitosan and a six-fold carboxylated tribenzotriquinacene. Beilstein J Org Chem 2023; 19:635-645. [PMID: 37205131 PMCID: PMC10186267 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.19.45] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023] Open
Abstract
We synthesized a new tetraphenylethylene-modified chitosan bioconjugate, CS-TPE, that shows the aggregation-induced emission effect. It can self-assemble into fluorescent polymeric nanoparticles in an aqueous solution at pH 5.3 either alone or with the water-soluble bowl-shaped six-fold carboxylated tribenzotriquinacene derivative TBTQ-C6 via host-guest binding. The spherical nanoparticles formed by CS-TPE amphiphiles or TBTQ-C6/CS-TPE supra-amphiphiles disintegrated under alkaline stimulation at pH 10.4 and the dispersion of the aggregates after the collapse in the presence of TBTQ-C6 was greatly improved. In addition, the fluorescence of CS-TPE was significantly enhanced by introducing TBTQ-C6, and remained relatively stable with variations in pH for both CS-TPE and TBTQ-C6/CS-TPE. Such pH-responsive supramolecular spherical nanoparticles with stable fluorescence emission based on CS-TPE or TBTQ-C6/CS-TPE may find applications in various fields, including the development of visual oral drug delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials of Tropical Island Resources of Ministry of Education, Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Fine Chemistry, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, School of Science, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, PR China
| | - Yi-Yan Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials of Tropical Island Resources of Ministry of Education, Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Fine Chemistry, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, School of Science, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, PR China
| | - Wei-Xiu Lin
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials of Tropical Island Resources of Ministry of Education, Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Fine Chemistry, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, School of Science, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, PR China
| | - Yi-Long Lu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials of Tropical Island Resources of Ministry of Education, Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Fine Chemistry, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, School of Science, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, PR China
| | - Wen-Rong Xu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials of Tropical Island Resources of Ministry of Education, Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Fine Chemistry, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, School of Science, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, PR China
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Wen Q, Cai Q, Fu P, Chang D, Xu X, Wen TJ, Wu GP, Zhu W, Wan LS, Zhang C, Zhang XH, Jin Q, Wu ZL, Gao C, Zhang H, Huang N, Li CZ, Li H. Key progresses of MOE key laboratory of macromolecular synthesis and functionalization in 2021. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2022.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Saji VS. Recent Updates on Supramolecular-Based Drug Delivery - Macrocycles and Supramolecular Gels. CHEM REC 2022; 22:e202200053. [PMID: 35510981 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202200053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Revised: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Supramolecules-based drug delivery has attracted significant recent research attention as it could enhance drug solubility, retention time, targeting, and stimuli responsiveness. Among the different supramolecules and assemblies, the macrocycles and the supramolecular hydrogels are the two important categories investigated to a greater extent. Here, we provide the most recent advancements in these categories. Under macrocycles, reports on drug delivery by cyclodextrins, cucurbiturils, calixarenes/pillararenes, crown ethers and porphyrins are detailed. The second category discusses the supramolecular hydrogels of macrocycles/polymers and low molecular weight gelators. The updated information provided could be helpful to advance R & D in this vital area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viswanathan S Saji
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Advanced Materials, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals, Dhahran, 31261, Saudi Arabia
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Li Q, Sun JD, Yang B, Wang H, Zhang DW, Ma D, Li ZT. Cucurbit[7]uril-threaded flexible organic frameworks: Quantitative polycatenation through dynamic covalent chemistry. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2021.10.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Carbohydrates Used in Polymeric Systems for Drug Delivery: From Structures to Applications. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14040739. [PMID: 35456573 PMCID: PMC9025897 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14040739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Revised: 03/19/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Carbohydrates, one of the most important compounds in living organisms, perform numerous roles, including those associated with the extracellular matrix, energy-related compounds, and information. Of these, polymeric carbohydrates are a class of substance with a long history in drug delivery that have attracted more attention in recent years. Because polymeric carbohydrates have the advantages of nontoxicity, biocompatibility, and biodegradability, they can be used in drug targeting, sustained drug release, immune antigens and adjuvants. In this review, various carbohydrate-based or carbohydrate-modified drug delivery systems and their applications in disease therapy have been surveyed. Specifically, this review focuses on the fundamental understanding of carbohydrate-based drug delivery systems, strategies for application, and the evaluation of biological activity. Future perspectives, including opportunities and challenges in this field, are also discussed.
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Jiang S, Mao W, Mao D, Li ZT, Ma D. AND molecular logic gates based on host-guest complexation operational in live cells. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2021.08.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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