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Zhao Y, Liu Z, Qin Z, Wen Q, Du J, Ren X, Chen C, Peng X, Kortz U, Yang P. Biomimetic Hierarchical Construction of Anti-Tumor Polyoxopalladates for Cancer Therapy. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2025; 64:e202505564. [PMID: 40192232 PMCID: PMC12124443 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202505564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2025] [Revised: 03/26/2025] [Accepted: 03/31/2025] [Indexed: 04/15/2025]
Abstract
Inspired by the construction scheme of biomacromolecules, a hierarchical assembly based on the lacunary polyoxopalladate (POP) of [SrPd12O6(OH)3(PhAsO3)6(OAc)3]4- (SrPd12) has been achieved. As a structurally programmable molecular building block, SrPd12 is used to evolve from monomer via dimer to supramolecular aggregates in a controlled manner. In such process, the open-shell-type monomers are covalently integrated into bowl- or cage-like dimers via a direct or indirect splicing strategy. Upon that, hydrogen bond and hydrophobic effects are further hired to fabricate supramolecular aggregates of varied host-guest archetypes, thereby completing a hierarchical construction. In consideration of the combined advantages of noble metals and polyoxometalates in cancer treatment, both in vitro and in vivo anti-tumor assays of these SrPd12-derived POPs were studied in detail. A structure-dependent anti-tumor activitywas observed, originating from an imbalance of damage and repair of DNA as anti-tumor mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zhao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHunan UniversityChangsha410082P.R. China
| | - Zheran Liu
- Department of BiotherapyCancer CenterWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu610041P.R. China
| | - Zijian Qin
- Department of BiotherapyCancer CenterWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu610041P.R. China
| | - Qinlong Wen
- Department of BiotherapyCancer CenterWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu610041P.R. China
| | - Jing Du
- Testing and Analysis CenterHebei Normal UniversityShijiazhuang050024P.R. China
| | - Xiang‐Yu Ren
- College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHunan UniversityChangsha410082P.R. China
| | - Chao‐Qin Chen
- College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHunan UniversityChangsha410082P.R. China
| | - Xingchen Peng
- Department of BiotherapyCancer CenterWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu610041P.R. China
| | - Ulrich Kortz
- School of ScienceConstructor UniversityCampus Ring 1, 28759 BremenGermany
| | - Peng Yang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHunan UniversityChangsha410082P.R. China
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Liang Y, Zhang H, Huo M, Zhang X, Qin K, Wang H, Li Q, Zhao X, Xing Z, Chang J, Zhu G. Interface Storage Mechanism in Aqueous Ammonium-Ion Supercapacitors with Keggin-Type Polyoxometalates-Modified Ag-BTC. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2025; 37:e2415545. [PMID: 39711259 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202415545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2024] [Revised: 11/24/2024] [Indexed: 12/24/2024]
Abstract
Ammonium-ion supercapacitors (AISCs) offer considerable potential for future development owing to their low cost, high safety, environmental sustainability, and efficient electrochemical energy storage capabilities. The rapid and efficient charge-transfer process at the AISC can endow them with high capacitive and cycling stabilities. However, the prolonged intercalation/deintercalation of NH4 + in layered and framework materials often results in the cleavage of the active sites and the deconstruction of the framework, which makes it difficult to achieve long-term stable energy storage while maintaining high capacitance in the electrode materials. Herein, highly redox-active polyoxometalates (POMs) modified [Ag3(µ-Hbtc)(µ-H2btc)]n (Ag-BTC) is used as electrode materials. POMs effectively promote the pseudocapacitance storage of NH4 + through a similar interface storage mechanism. At a current density of 1 A g-1, {PMo12}@Ag-BTC exhibited a specific capacitance of 619.4 mAh g-1 and retained 100% of its capacitance after 20,000 charge-discharge cycles. An asymmetrical battery with {PMo12}@Ag-BTC and {PW12}@Ag-BTC as positive and negative electrode materials, respectively, achieved an energy density of 125.3 Wh kg-1. The interface-capacitance process enables the full utilization of metal-Ox (x = b, c, t) sites within the POMs, significantly enhancing charge storage. This study emphasizes the considerable potential of POM-based electrode materials for NH4 + intercalation/deintercalation energy storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Liang
- Key Laboratory of Polyoxometalate and Reticular Material Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, P. R. China
| | - Hanyu Zhang
- School of Physics, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, P. R. China
| | - Mengtian Huo
- Key Laboratory of Polyoxometalate and Reticular Material Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, P. R. China
| | - Xinye Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Polyoxometalate and Reticular Material Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, P. R. China
| | - Kaichi Qin
- Key Laboratory of Polyoxometalate and Reticular Material Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, P. R. China
| | - Huiying Wang
- Key Laboratory of Polyoxometalate and Reticular Material Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, P. R. China
| | - Qianyu Li
- Key Laboratory of Polyoxometalate and Reticular Material Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, P. R. China
| | - Xingang Zhao
- School of Physics, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, P. R. China
| | - Zihao Xing
- Key Laboratory of Polyoxometalate and Reticular Material Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, P. R. China
| | - Jinfa Chang
- Key Laboratory of Polyoxometalate and Reticular Material Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, P. R. China
| | - Guangshan Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Polyoxometalate and Reticular Material Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, P. R. China
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Zhang Y, Song Y, Liu L, Song C, Tian P, Zhang M, Niu B, Guan ZJ, Sun L, Ma P. Aminobenzoic Acid Covalently Modified Polyoxotungstates Based on {XW 6} Clusters with Proton Conductivity Property. Inorg Chem 2025; 64:1488-1497. [PMID: 39807564 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.4c04719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2025]
Abstract
Three cases of aminobenzoic acid hybrid polyoxotungstates, Na3(H3O)2[(HPW6O21) (O2CC6H4NH2)3]·7H2O (1), K2(H3O)4[(AsW6O21)(O2CC6H4NH2)3]·4H2O (2), and [(H2N(CH3)2]3Na2(H3O)[(SbW6O21) (O2CC6H4NH2)3]·7H2O (3), were successfully synthesized. This is the first report of the successful assembly of the hexanuclear {XW6} (X = HPIII, AsIII, or SbIII) clusters and organic carboxylic acid (para aminobenzoic acid) ligands. All three hybrids feature a common {XW6} unit composed of a six-membered {WO6} octahedral ring capped by one {XO3} trigonal pyramid. Furthermore, these hybrids possess an extensive three-dimensional network of hydrogen bonds, which not only provide high thermal stability but also contribute to excellent proton conductive performances. Simultaneously, based on the Hirshfeld partition analysis, combined with the interaction between POMs and water molecules, the proton transport mechanisms of three hybrids were highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunfan Zhang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Polyoxometalate Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, P. R. China
| | - Yizhen Song
- Henan Key Laboratory of Polyoxometalate Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, P. R. China
| | - Lihua Liu
- Henan Key Laboratory of Polyoxometalate Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, P. R. China
| | - Chenyang Song
- Henan Key Laboratory of Polyoxometalate Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, P. R. China
| | - Peipei Tian
- Henan Key Laboratory of Polyoxometalate Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, P. R. China
| | - Miao Zhang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Polyoxometalate Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, P. R. China
| | - Bingxue Niu
- Henan Key Laboratory of Polyoxometalate Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, P. R. China
| | - Zong-Jie Guan
- Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
| | - Lin Sun
- Henan Key Laboratory of Polyoxometalate Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, P. R. China
| | - Pengtao Ma
- Henan Key Laboratory of Polyoxometalate Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, P. R. China
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Lin XL, Hu QL, Tan KX, Chen XJ, Yang GP, Wei YG. Two Mn(II)-Bridged Silverton-Type [UMo 12O 42] 8- Polyoxometalates with Catalytic Activity for the Synthesis of Pyrazoles. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:12469-12474. [PMID: 38912662 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.4c01055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/25/2024]
Abstract
Two Mn(II)-bridged Silverton-type {UMo12O42}-based polyoxomolybdates with different three-dimensional structures, Na6(H2O)12[Mn(UMo12O42)] (NaMn) and (NH4)2[K2Na6(μ4-O)2(H2O)1.2Mn(UMo12O42)]·4.6H2O (KMn), were hydrothermally synthesized and further characterized, demonstrating a feasible strategy for the assembly of Silverton-type polyoxomolybdates. Additionally, NaMn is demonstrated to be a good heterogeneous catalyst in the condensation cyclization reaction of hydrazines and 1,3-diketones, and a range of valuable pyrazoles were produced in up to 99% yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Ling Lin
- School of Chemistry and Material Science, Jiangxi Key Laboratory for Mass Spectrometry and Instrumentation, East China University of Technology, Nanchang 330013, China
| | - Qi-Long Hu
- School of Chemistry and Material Science, Jiangxi Key Laboratory for Mass Spectrometry and Instrumentation, East China University of Technology, Nanchang 330013, China
| | - Ke-Xin Tan
- School of Chemistry and Material Science, Jiangxi Key Laboratory for Mass Spectrometry and Instrumentation, East China University of Technology, Nanchang 330013, China
| | - Xue-Jiao Chen
- School of Chemistry and Material Science, Jiangxi Key Laboratory for Mass Spectrometry and Instrumentation, East China University of Technology, Nanchang 330013, China
| | - Guo-Ping Yang
- School of Chemistry and Material Science, Jiangxi Key Laboratory for Mass Spectrometry and Instrumentation, East China University of Technology, Nanchang 330013, China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Inorganic Oxygenated Materials, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China
- Key Lab of Organic Optoelectronics & Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yong-Ge Wei
- Key Lab of Organic Optoelectronics & Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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Liang JJ, Lin YC, Chang ZH, Wang X. Improved capacitive performances and electrocatalytic reduction activity by regulating the bonding interaction between Zn-bistriazole-pyrazine/pyridine units and diverse Anderson-type polyoxometalates. Dalton Trans 2024. [PMID: 38265330 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt04195f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
Electrochemical performances can be effectively improved by introducing metal-organic units (MOUs) into polyoxometalates (POMs). However, regulating the bonding strength between POMs and MOUs at the molecular level to improve the electrochemical performance is a challenging task. Three new POM-based metal-organic complexes (MOCs), namely H{Zn2(Hpytty)2(H2O)8[CrMo6(OH)6O18]}·2H2O (1), H{Zn2(Hpyttz)2(H2O)6[CrMo6(OH)6O18]}·8H2O (2), and {(μ2-OH)2Zn6(pyttz)2(H2O)10[TeMo6O24]}·2H2O (3) (H2pytty = 3-(pyrazin-2-yl)-5-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl)-1,2,4-triazolyl, H2pyttz = 3-(pyrid-2-yl)-5-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl)-1,2,4-triazolyl), were obtained. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction shows that the bonding strength (from the hydrogen bond to the coordination bond) between Zn-bistriazole-pyrazine/pyridine units and diverse Anderson-type POMs gradually increases from complexes 1 to 3. Glassy carbon electrodes modified with complex 3 (3-GCE) has the highest specific capacitance, which is 930 F g-1 at 1 A g-1. Moreover, carbon paste electrodes (1-3-CPEs) modified with complexes 1-3 are used as electrochemical sensors for detecting Cr(VI) ions, with limits of detection well below the World Health Organization (WHO) maximum level in drinking water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju-Ju Liang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Bohai University, Professional Technology Innovation Center of Liaoning Province for Conversion Materials of Solar Cell, Jinzhou 121013, P. R. China.
| | - Yu-Chun Lin
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Bohai University, Professional Technology Innovation Center of Liaoning Province for Conversion Materials of Solar Cell, Jinzhou 121013, P. R. China.
| | - Zhi-Han Chang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Bohai University, Professional Technology Innovation Center of Liaoning Province for Conversion Materials of Solar Cell, Jinzhou 121013, P. R. China.
| | - Xiuli Wang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Bohai University, Professional Technology Innovation Center of Liaoning Province for Conversion Materials of Solar Cell, Jinzhou 121013, P. R. China.
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6
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Zhang L, Jiang H, Wang C, Yu K, Lv J, Wang C, Zhou B. Improved supercapacitors and water splitting performances of Anderson-type manganese(III)-polyoxomolybdate through assembly with Zn-MOF in a host-guest structure. J Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 654:1393-1404. [PMID: 37918098 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2023.10.136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
Enhancing performance through the combination of polyoxometalates (POMs) clusters with metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) that contain various transition metals is a challenging task. In this study, we synthesized a polyoxometalate-based metal-organic framework (POMOF) named HRBNU-5 using a solvothermal method. HRBNU-5 is composed of Zn[N(C4H9)4][MnMo6O18{(OCH2)3CNH2}2]@Zn3(C9H3O6)2·6C3H7NO, which includes two components: Zn[N(C4H9)4][MnMo6O18{(OCH2)3CNH2}2]·3C3H7NO ({Zn[MnMo6]}) and Zn3(C9H3O6)2·3C3H7NO (Zn-BTC). Structural characterization confirmed the host-guest structure, with Zn-BTC encapsulating {Zn[MnMo6]}. In a three-electrode system, HRBNU-5 exhibited a specific capacitance of 851.3 F g-1 at a current density of 1 A/g and retained high stability (97.2 %) after 5000 cycles. Additionally, HRBNU-5 performed well in aqueous-symmetric/asymmetric supercapacitors (SSC/ASC) in terms of energy density and power density in a double-electrode system. Moreover, it demonstrated excellent catalytic performance in a 1.0 M KOH solution, with low overpotentials and Tafel slopes for hydrogen and oxygen evolution reactions: 177.1 mV (η10 HER), 126.9 mV dec-1 and 370.3 mV (η50 OER), 36.3 mV dec-1, respectively, surpassing its precursors and most reported studies. HRBNU-5's positive performance is attributed to its host-guest structure, high electron-transfer conductivity, and porous structure that enhances efficient mass transport. This work inspires the design of Anderson-type POMOF electrode materials with multiple active sites and a well-defined structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lanyue Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Photonic and Electronic Bandgap Materials, Ministry of Education, Harbin Normal University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150025, China
| | - Hongquan Jiang
- Key Laboratory for Photonic and Electronic Bandgap Materials, Ministry of Education, Harbin Normal University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150025, China.
| | - Chunmei Wang
- Key Laboratory for Photonic and Electronic Bandgap Materials, Ministry of Education, Harbin Normal University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150025, China
| | - Kai Yu
- Key Laboratory for Photonic and Electronic Bandgap Materials, Ministry of Education, Harbin Normal University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150025, China; Key Laboratory of Synthesis of Functional Materials and Green Catalysis, Colleges of Heilongjiang Province, Harbin Normal University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150025, China.
| | - Jinghua Lv
- Key Laboratory for Photonic and Electronic Bandgap Materials, Ministry of Education, Harbin Normal University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150025, China
| | - Chunxiao Wang
- Key Laboratory for Photonic and Electronic Bandgap Materials, Ministry of Education, Harbin Normal University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150025, China
| | - Baibin Zhou
- Key Laboratory for Photonic and Electronic Bandgap Materials, Ministry of Education, Harbin Normal University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150025, China; Key Laboratory of Synthesis of Functional Materials and Green Catalysis, Colleges of Heilongjiang Province, Harbin Normal University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150025, China.
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Li FR, Ji T, Chen WC, Du W, Hao YJ, Sun YL, Chen WL. Photosynthetic System Based on a Polyoxometalate-Based Dehydrated Metal-Organic Framework for Nitrogen Fixation. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:593-601. [PMID: 38103019 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c03472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
In nature, biological nitrogen fixation is accomplished through the π-back-bonding mechanism of nitrogenase, which poses significant challenges for mimic artificial systems, thanks to the activation barrier associated with the N≡N bond. Consequently, this motivates us to develop efficient and reusable photocatalysts for artificial nitrogen fixation under mild conditions. We employ a charge-assisted self-assembly process toward encapsulating one polyoxometalate (POM) within a dehydrated Zr-based metal-organic framework (d-UiO-66) exhibiting nitrogen photofixation activities, thereby constructing an enzyme-mimicking photocatalyst. The dehydration of d-UiO-66 is favorable for facilitating nitrogen chemisorption and activation via the unpaired d-orbital electron at the [Zr6O6] cluster. The incorporation of POM guests enhanced the charge separation in the composites, thereby facilitating the transfer of photoexcited electrons into the π* antibonding orbital of chemisorbed N2 for efficient nitrogen fixation. Simultaneously, the catalytic efficiency of SiW9Fe3@d-UiO-66 is enhanced by 9.0 times compared to that of d-UiO-66. Moreover, SiW9Fe3@d-UiO-66 exhibits an apparent quantum efficiency (AQE) of 0.254% at 550 nm. The tactics of "working-in-tandem" achieved by POMs and d-UiO-66 are extremely vital for enhancing artificial ammonia synthesis. This study presents a paradigm for the development of an efficient artificial catalyst for nitrogen photofixation, aiming to mimic the process of biological nitrogen fixation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng-Rui Li
- Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Arts and Sciences, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
- Key Laboratory of Polyoxometalate and Reticular Material Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin 130024, China
| | - Tuo Ji
- Key Laboratory of Polyoxometalate and Reticular Material Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin 130024, China
| | - Wei-Chao Chen
- Key Laboratory of Polyoxometalate and Reticular Material Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin 130024, China
| | - Wei Du
- Key Laboratory of Polyoxometalate and Reticular Material Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin 130024, China
| | - Yi-Jia Hao
- Key Laboratory of Polyoxometalate and Reticular Material Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin 130024, China
| | - Yan-Li Sun
- Harbin No.13 High School, Harbin 150000, China
| | - Wei-Lin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Polyoxometalate and Reticular Material Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin 130024, China
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Haouas M, Falaise C, Leclerc N, Floquet S, Cadot E. NMR spectroscopy to study cyclodextrin-based host-guest assemblies with polynuclear clusters. Dalton Trans 2023; 52:13467-13481. [PMID: 37691564 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt02367b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
Natural cyclodextrin (CD) macrocycles are known to form diverse inclusion complexes with a wide variety of organic molecules, but recent work has revealed that inorganic clusters also form multicomponent supramolecular complexes and edifices. Such molecular assemblies exhibit a high degree of organization in solution governed by various chemical processes including molecular recognition, host-guest attraction, hydrophobic repulsion, or chaotropic effect. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy is one of the most efficient and practical analytical techniques to characterize the nature, the strength and the mechanism of these interactions in solution. This review provides a brief overview on recent examples of the contribution of NMR to the characterization of hybrid systems in solution based on CD with polynuclear clusters, including polyoxometalates (POMs), metallic clusters and hydroborate clusters. The focus will be first on using 1H (and 13C) NMR of the host, i.e., CD, to identify the nature of the interactions and measure their strength. Then, 2D NMR methods will be illustrated by DOSY as a means of highlighting the clustering phenomena, and by NOESY/ROESY to evidence the spatial proximity and contact within the supramolecular assemblies. Finally, other NMR nuclei will be selected to probe the inorganic part as a guest molecule. Attention will be paid to classical host-guest complexes Cluster@CD, but also to hierarchical multi-scale, multi-component assemblies such as Cluster@CD@Cluster.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Haouas
- Institut Lavoisier de Versailles (ILV), Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, CNRS, 45 avenue des Etats-Unis, 78000, Versailles, France.
| | - Clément Falaise
- Institut Lavoisier de Versailles (ILV), Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, CNRS, 45 avenue des Etats-Unis, 78000, Versailles, France.
| | - Nathalie Leclerc
- Institut Lavoisier de Versailles (ILV), Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, CNRS, 45 avenue des Etats-Unis, 78000, Versailles, France.
| | - Sébastien Floquet
- Institut Lavoisier de Versailles (ILV), Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, CNRS, 45 avenue des Etats-Unis, 78000, Versailles, France.
| | - Emmanuel Cadot
- Institut Lavoisier de Versailles (ILV), Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, CNRS, 45 avenue des Etats-Unis, 78000, Versailles, France.
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