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The Role of Biomaterials and Biocompatible Materials in Implant-Supported Dental Prosthesis. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2021; 2021:3349433. [PMID: 34394378 PMCID: PMC8360736 DOI: 10.1155/2021/3349433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The dental implant is one of the appropriate instances of the different dental materials and their application, which is the combined procedure of technology and science in physics, biomechanics, and surface chemistry from macroscale to nanoscale surface engineering and manufactured technologies. In recent decades, biomaterials in implant therapy promote bone response and biomechanical ability, which is long-term from surgical equipment to final prosthetic restoration. Biomaterials have a crucial role in rehabilitating the damaged structure of the tooth and supplying acceptable outcomes correlated with clinical performance. There are some challenges in implantation such as bleeding, mobility, peri-implant infections, and the solution associated with modern strategies which are regarded to biomaterials. Various materials have been known as promising candidates for coatings of dental implants which contain polyhydroxyalkanoates, calcium phosphate, carbon, bisphosphonates, hydroxyapatite, bone stimulating factors, bioactive glass, bioactive ceramics, collagen, chitosan, metal and their alloys, fluoride, and titanium/titanium nitride. It is pivotal that biomaterials should be biodegradable; for example, polyhydroxyalkanoates are biodegradable; also, they do not have bad effects on tissues and cells. Despite this, biomaterials have important roles in prosthetic conditions such as dental pulp regeneration, the healing process, and antibacterial and anti-inflammatory effects. In this review study, the role of biocompatible materials in dental implants is investigated in in vitro and in vivo studies.
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Narimatsu I, Atsuta I, Ayukawa Y, Oshiro W, Yasunami N, Furuhashi A, Koyano K. Epithelial and Connective Tissue Sealing around Titanium Implants with Various Typical Surface Finishes. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2019; 5:4976-4984. [PMID: 33455245 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.9b00499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Soft tissue barrier around a dental implant plays a crucial role in the success of dental implants because it protects underlying hard tissue structures. A number of surface alteration procedures of implants have been introduced to improve bone-implant contact, but there has been little research on the peri-implant soft tissue (PIS) seal. The present study focuses on the "biologic width" of epithelial and connective tissue seals around implants with various typical surface finishes by testing surfaces that have been machined (Ms), roughened by sandblasting and acid etching (Rs), treated hydrothermally with CaCl2 (Cs), or anodized (As). Ms, Rs, and As techniques are commonly used to finish surfaces of commercially available dental implants. The Cs technique was reported to produce strong epithelial cell-titanium adhesion. For culture study, rat oral epithelial cells (OECs) and fibroblasts were cultured on Ms, Rs, Cs, and As titanium plates. There was less cell adherence of OECs and more collagen expression when cultured on Rs and As plates than when cultured on Ms and Cs plates. For the in vivo study, implants with Ms, Rs, Cs, and As surfaces were placed in the rats' oral cavity. Although the PIS structure was similar to that around natural teeth, a horseradish peroxide assay revealed that the sealing ability around the Ms and Rs implants was weaker than that around Cs implants. After 16 weeks, Rs implants exhibited peri-implant epithelial apical down-growth and had lost bone support. Thus, although a smooth surface (Ms and Cs) showed better epithelial attachment, rough surfaces (Rs and As) are more suitable for binding to the connective tissue. Strong epithelium-implant attachment seems to be a fundamental defense against foreign body penetration. Selecting suitable surfaces to ensure strong sealing is important for implant success.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ikue Narimatsu
- Section of Implant and Rehabilitative Dentistry, Division of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Ikiru Atsuta
- Section of Implant and Rehabilitative Dentistry, Division of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Yasunori Ayukawa
- Section of Implant and Rehabilitative Dentistry, Division of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Wakana Oshiro
- Section of Implant and Rehabilitative Dentistry, Division of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Noriyuki Yasunami
- Section of Implant and Rehabilitative Dentistry, Division of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Akihiro Furuhashi
- Section of Implant and Rehabilitative Dentistry, Division of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Kiyoshi Koyano
- Section of Implant and Rehabilitative Dentistry, Division of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
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Yi Y, Men Y, Jing D, Luo W, Zhang S, Feng JQ, Liu J, Ge W, Wang J, Zhao H. 3-dimensional visualization of implant-tissue interface with the polyethylene glycol associated solvent system tissue clearing method. Cell Prolif 2019; 52:e12578. [PMID: 30714253 PMCID: PMC6536405 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.12578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2018] [Revised: 12/14/2018] [Accepted: 12/28/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Dental implants are major treatment options for restoring teeth loss. Biological processes at the implant-tissue interface are critical for implant osseointegration. Superior mechanical properties of the implant constitute a major challenge for traditional histological techniques. It is imperative to develop new technique to investigate the implant-tissue interface. MATERIALS AND METHODS Our laboratory developed the polyethylene glycol (PEG)-associated solvent system (PEGASOS) tissue clearing method. By immersing samples into various chemical substances, bones and teeth could be turned to transparent with intact internal structures and endogenous fluorescence being preserved. We combined the PEGASOS tissue clearing method with transgenic mouse line and other labelling technique to investigate the angiogenesis and osteogenesis processes occurring at the implant-bone interface. RESULTS Clearing treatment turned tissue highly transparent and implant could be directly visualized without sectioning. Implant, soft/hard tissues and fluorescent labels were simultaneously imaged in decalcified or non-decalcified mouse mandible samples without disturbing their interfaces. Multi-channel 3-dimensional image stacks at high resolution were acquired and quantified. The processes of angiogenesis and osteogenesis surrounding titanium or stainless steel implants were investigated. CONCLUSIONS Both titanium and stainless steel implants support angiogenesis at comparable levels. Successful osseointegration and calcium precipitation occurred only surrounding titanium, but not stainless steel implants. PEGASOS tissue clearing method provides a novel approach for investigating the interface between implants and hard tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yating Yi
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China School of StomatologySichuan UniversityChengduChina
- Department of Restorative Sciences, College of DentistryTexas A&M UniversityDallasTexas
| | - Yi Men
- Department of Restorative Sciences, College of DentistryTexas A&M UniversityDallasTexas
| | - Dian Jing
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China School of StomatologySichuan UniversityChengduChina
- Department of Restorative Sciences, College of DentistryTexas A&M UniversityDallasTexas
| | - Wenjing Luo
- Department of Restorative Sciences, College of DentistryTexas A&M UniversityDallasTexas
| | - Shiwen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China School of StomatologySichuan UniversityChengduChina
- Department of Restorative Sciences, College of DentistryTexas A&M UniversityDallasTexas
| | - Jian Q. Feng
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of DentistryTexas A&M UniversityDallasTexas
| | - Jin Liu
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Woo‐Ping Ge
- Children’s Research InstituteUniversity of Texas Southwestern Medical CentreDallasTexas
| | - Jun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China School of StomatologySichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Hu Zhao
- Department of Restorative Sciences, College of DentistryTexas A&M UniversityDallasTexas
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Zátonyi A, Fedor F, Borhegyi Z, Fekete Z. In vitro and in vivo stability of black-platinum coatings on flexible, polymer microECoG arrays. J Neural Eng 2018; 15:054003. [DOI: 10.1088/1741-2552/aacf71] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Meza-Rodríguez A, Martínez-Álvarez O, Acosta-Torres L, de la Fuente-Hernández J, García-Contreras R. Fibroblast response to initial attachment and proliferation on titanium and zirconium surfaces. JOURNAL OF ORAL RESEARCH 2016. [DOI: 10.17126/joralres.2016.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Kaluđerović MR, Mändl S, Kohlweyer H, Graf HL. Physical vapour deposition of zirconia on titanium: fabrication, characterization and interaction with human osteoblast cells. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE. MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2015; 26:267. [PMID: 26507200 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-015-5602-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2015] [Accepted: 10/12/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The physical vapor deposition of zirconia was used to prepare two new titanium-based surfaces M1 and M2 with a different layer thickness. These novel surfaces were characterized for chemistry, topography and morphology by surface and solid state techniques. Primary osteoblast cells were used for in vitro studies. DAPI assay was applied for cell proliferation, while for bone sialoprotein (BSP), osteonectin and transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) expression immunohistochemical analyses were employed. Materials M1 and M2 affected cell proliferation accordingly to their surface roughness with their impact on cell number being between the impact of two rough (Ticer, SS) and two smooth surfaces (Ti cp and Cercon). Different influence of the investigated materials on the osteoblastic production of BSP (all materials similar impact), ON (Cercon-higher; SS-lower for others) and TGF-β (Cercon different) was found.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milena R Kaluđerović
- Department of Oral, Maxillary, Facial and Reconstructive Plastic Surgery, University Hospital of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Stephan Mändl
- Leibniz Institut für Oberflächenmodifizierung, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Hannes Kohlweyer
- Department of Oral, Maxillary, Facial and Reconstructive Plastic Surgery, University Hospital of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Hans-Ludwig Graf
- Department of Oral, Maxillary, Facial and Reconstructive Plastic Surgery, University Hospital of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
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Sheikh Z, Brooks PJ, Barzilay O, Fine N, Glogauer M. Macrophages, Foreign Body Giant Cells and Their Response to Implantable Biomaterials. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2015; 8:5671-5701. [PMID: 28793529 PMCID: PMC5512621 DOI: 10.3390/ma8095269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 396] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2015] [Revised: 08/20/2015] [Accepted: 08/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
All biomaterials, when implanted in vivo, elicit cellular and tissue responses. These responses include the inflammatory and wound healing responses, foreign body reactions, and fibrous encapsulation of the implanted materials. Macrophages are myeloid immune cells that are tactically situated throughout the tissues, where they ingest and degrade dead cells and foreign materials in addition to orchestrating inflammatory processes. Macrophages and their fused morphologic variants, the multinucleated giant cells, which include the foreign body giant cells (FBGCs) are the dominant early responders to biomaterial implantation and remain at biomaterial-tissue interfaces for the lifetime of the device. An essential aspect of macrophage function in the body is to mediate degradation of bio-resorbable materials including bone through extracellular degradation and phagocytosis. Biomaterial surface properties play a crucial role in modulating the foreign body reaction in the first couple of weeks following implantation. The foreign body reaction may impact biocompatibility of implantation devices and may considerably impact short- and long-term success in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine, necessitating a clear understanding of the foreign body reaction to different implantation materials. The focus of this review article is on the interactions of macrophages and foreign body giant cells with biomaterial surfaces, and the physical, chemical and morphological characteristics of biomaterial surfaces that play a role in regulating the foreign body response. Events in the foreign body response include protein adsorption, adhesion of monocytes/macrophages, fusion to form FBGCs, and the consequent modification of the biomaterial surface. The effect of physico-chemical cues on macrophages is not well known and there is a complex interplay between biomaterial properties and those that result from interactions with the local environment. By having a better understanding of the role of macrophages in the tissue healing processes, especially in events that follow biomaterial implantation, we can design novel biomaterials-based tissue-engineered constructs that elicit a favorable immune response upon implantation and perform for their intended applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeeshan Sheikh
- Faculty of Dentistry, Matrix Dynamics Group, University of Toronto, 150 College Street, Toronto, ON M5S 3E2, Canada.
| | - Patricia J Brooks
- Faculty of Dentistry, Matrix Dynamics Group, University of Toronto, 150 College Street, Toronto, ON M5S 3E2, Canada.
| | - Oriyah Barzilay
- Faculty of Dentistry, Matrix Dynamics Group, University of Toronto, 150 College Street, Toronto, ON M5S 3E2, Canada.
| | - Noah Fine
- Faculty of Dentistry, Matrix Dynamics Group, University of Toronto, 150 College Street, Toronto, ON M5S 3E2, Canada.
| | - Michael Glogauer
- Faculty of Dentistry, Matrix Dynamics Group, University of Toronto, 150 College Street, Toronto, ON M5S 3E2, Canada.
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