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Sechi S, Karimpour-Ghahnavieh A, Frappaolo A, Di Francesco L, Piergentili R, Schininà E, D’Avino PP, Giansanti MG. Identification of GOLPH3 Partners in Drosophila Unveils Potential Novel Roles in Tumorigenesis and Neural Disorders. Cells 2021; 10:cells10092336. [PMID: 34571985 PMCID: PMC8468827 DOI: 10.3390/cells10092336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Revised: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Golgi phosphoprotein 3 (GOLPH3) is a highly conserved peripheral membrane protein localized to the Golgi apparatus and the cytosol. GOLPH3 binding to Golgi membranes depends on phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate [PI(4)P] and regulates Golgi architecture and vesicle trafficking. GOLPH3 overexpression has been correlated with poor prognosis in several cancers, but the molecular mechanisms that link GOLPH3 to malignant transformation are poorly understood. We recently showed that PI(4)P-GOLPH3 couples membrane trafficking with contractile ring assembly during cytokinesis in dividing Drosophila spermatocytes. Here, we use affinity purification coupled with mass spectrometry (AP-MS) to identify the protein-protein interaction network (interactome) of Drosophila GOLPH3 in testes. Analysis of the GOLPH3 interactome revealed enrichment for proteins involved in vesicle-mediated trafficking, cell proliferation and cytoskeleton dynamics. In particular, we found that dGOLPH3 interacts with the Drosophila orthologs of Fragile X mental retardation protein and Ataxin-2, suggesting a potential role in the pathophysiology of disorders of the nervous system. Our findings suggest novel molecular targets associated with GOLPH3 that might be relevant for therapeutic intervention in cancers and other human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Sechi
- Istituto di Biologia e Patologia Molecolari del CNR, c/o Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologie, Sapienza Università di Roma, Piazzale A. Moro 5, 00185 Roma, Italy; (S.S.); (A.K.-G.); (A.F.); (R.P.)
| | - Angela Karimpour-Ghahnavieh
- Istituto di Biologia e Patologia Molecolari del CNR, c/o Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologie, Sapienza Università di Roma, Piazzale A. Moro 5, 00185 Roma, Italy; (S.S.); (A.K.-G.); (A.F.); (R.P.)
| | - Anna Frappaolo
- Istituto di Biologia e Patologia Molecolari del CNR, c/o Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologie, Sapienza Università di Roma, Piazzale A. Moro 5, 00185 Roma, Italy; (S.S.); (A.K.-G.); (A.F.); (R.P.)
| | - Laura Di Francesco
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biochimiche A. Rossi Fanelli, Sapienza Università di Roma, Piazzale A. Moro 5, 00185 Roma, Italy; (L.D.F.); (E.S.)
| | - Roberto Piergentili
- Istituto di Biologia e Patologia Molecolari del CNR, c/o Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologie, Sapienza Università di Roma, Piazzale A. Moro 5, 00185 Roma, Italy; (S.S.); (A.K.-G.); (A.F.); (R.P.)
| | - Eugenia Schininà
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biochimiche A. Rossi Fanelli, Sapienza Università di Roma, Piazzale A. Moro 5, 00185 Roma, Italy; (L.D.F.); (E.S.)
| | - Pier Paolo D’Avino
- Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1QP, UK;
| | - Maria Grazia Giansanti
- Istituto di Biologia e Patologia Molecolari del CNR, c/o Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologie, Sapienza Università di Roma, Piazzale A. Moro 5, 00185 Roma, Italy; (S.S.); (A.K.-G.); (A.F.); (R.P.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-064-991-2555
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Protein trap: a new Swiss army knife for geneticists? Mol Biol Rep 2019; 47:1445-1458. [PMID: 31728729 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-019-05181-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The protein trap is a powerful tool for genetic and biochemical studies of gene function in the animal kingdom. Although the original protein trap was developed for flies, it can be easily adapted to other multicellular organisms, both known models and ones with an unsequenced genome. The protein trap has been successfully applied to the fruit fly, crustaceans Parhyale hawaiensis, zebrafish, and insect and animal cell cultures. This approach is based on the integration into genes of an artificial exon that carries DNA encoding a fluorescent marker, standardized immunoepitopes, an integrase docking site, and splice acceptor and donor sites. The protein trap for cell cultures additionally contains an antibiotic resistance gene, which facilitates the selection of trapped clones. Resulting chimeric tagged mRNAs can be interfered by dsRNA against GFP (iGFPi-in vivo GFP interference), or the chimeric proteins can be efficiently knocked down by deGradFP technology. Both RNA and protein knockdowns produce a strong loss of function phenotype in tagged cells. The fluorescent and protein affinity tags can be used for tagged protein localisation within the cell and for identifying their binding partners in their native complexes. Insertion into protein trap integrase docking sites allows the replacement of trap contents by any new constructs, including other markers, cell toxins, stop-codons, and binary expression systems such as GAL4/UAS, LexA/LexAop and QF/QUAS, that reliably reflect endogenous gene expression. A distinctive feature of the protein trap approach is that all manipulations with a gene or its product occur only in the endogenous locus, which cannot be achieved by any other method.
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Chen D, Zhu X, Zhou L, Wang J, Tao X, Wang S, Sun F, Kan X, Han Z, Gu Y. Gilgamesh is required for the maintenance of germline stem cells in Drosophila testis. Sci Rep 2017; 7:5737. [PMID: 28720768 PMCID: PMC5515886 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-05975-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2017] [Accepted: 06/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Emerging evidence supports that stem cells are regulated by both intrinsic and extrinsic mechanisms. However, factors that determine the fate of stem cells remain incompletely understood. The Drosophila testis provides an exclusive powerful model in searching for potential important regulatory factors and their underlying mechanisms for controlling the fate of germline stem cells (GSCs). In this study, we have found that Drosophila gilgamesh (gish), which encodes a homologue of human CK1-γ (casein kinase 1-gamma), is required intrinsically for GSC maintenance. Our genetic analyses indicate gish is not required for Dpp/Gbb signaling silencing of bam and is dispensable for Dpp/Gbb signaling-dependent Dad expression. Finally, we show that overexpression of gish fail to dramatically increase the number of GSCs. These findings demonstrate that gish controls the fate of GSCs in Drosophila testis by a novel Dpp/Gbb signaling-independent pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongsheng Chen
- Provincial Key Laboratory of the Conservation and Exploitation Research of Biological Resources in Anhui, College of Life Sciences, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, 241000, China. .,The Institute of Bioinformatics, College of Life Sciences, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, 241000, China.
| | - Xiangxiang Zhu
- Provincial Key Laboratory of the Conservation and Exploitation Research of Biological Resources in Anhui, College of Life Sciences, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, 241000, China
| | - Lijuan Zhou
- Provincial Key Laboratory of the Conservation and Exploitation Research of Biological Resources in Anhui, College of Life Sciences, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, 241000, China
| | - Jian Wang
- Provincial Key Laboratory of the Conservation and Exploitation Research of Biological Resources in Anhui, College of Life Sciences, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, 241000, China
| | - Xiaoqian Tao
- Provincial Key Laboratory of the Conservation and Exploitation Research of Biological Resources in Anhui, College of Life Sciences, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, 241000, China
| | - Shuang Wang
- Provincial Key Laboratory of the Conservation and Exploitation Research of Biological Resources in Anhui, College of Life Sciences, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, 241000, China
| | - Fuling Sun
- Provincial Key Laboratory of the Conservation and Exploitation Research of Biological Resources in Anhui, College of Life Sciences, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, 241000, China
| | - Xianzhao Kan
- Provincial Key Laboratory of the Conservation and Exploitation Research of Biological Resources in Anhui, College of Life Sciences, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, 241000, China.,The Institute of Bioinformatics, College of Life Sciences, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, 241000, China
| | - Zhengqi Han
- Provincial Key Laboratory of the Conservation and Exploitation Research of Biological Resources in Anhui, College of Life Sciences, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, 241000, China
| | - Yuelin Gu
- Provincial Key Laboratory of the Conservation and Exploitation Research of Biological Resources in Anhui, College of Life Sciences, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, 241000, China
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Steinhauer J. Separating from the pack: Molecular mechanisms of Drosophila spermatid individualization. SPERMATOGENESIS 2015; 5:e1041345. [PMID: 26413413 PMCID: PMC4581072 DOI: 10.1080/21565562.2015.1041345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2015] [Revised: 03/26/2015] [Accepted: 03/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Han N, Chen C, Shi Z, Cheng D. Structure of the kinase domain of Gilgamesh from Drosophila melanogaster. Acta Crystallogr F Struct Biol Commun 2014; 70:438-43. [PMID: 24699734 PMCID: PMC3976058 DOI: 10.1107/s2053230x14004774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2013] [Accepted: 03/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The CK1 family kinases regulate multiple cellular aspects and play important roles in Wnt/Wingless and Hedgehog signalling. The kinase domain of Drosophila Gilgamesh isoform I (Gilgamesh-I), a homologue of human CK1-γ, was purified and crystallized. Crystals of methylated Gilgamesh-I kinase domain with a D210A mutation diffracted to 2.85 Å resolution and belonged to space group P43212, with unit-cell parameters a = b = 52.025, c = 291.727 Å. The structure of Gilgamesh-I kinase domain, which was determined by molecular replacement, has conserved catalytic elements and an active conformation. Structural comparison indicates that an extended loop between the α1 helix and the β4 strand exists in the Gilgamesh-I kinase domain. This extended loop may regulate the activity and function of Gilgamesh-I.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ni Han
- Department of Biology, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266021, People’s Republic of China
| | - CuiCui Chen
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yueyang Road, Shanghai 200031, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhubing Shi
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yueyang Road, Shanghai 200031, People’s Republic of China
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dianlin Cheng
- Department of Biology, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266021, People’s Republic of China
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Gault WJ, Olguin P, Weber U, Mlodzik M. Drosophila CK1-γ, gilgamesh, controls PCP-mediated morphogenesis through regulation of vesicle trafficking. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012; 196:605-21. [PMID: 22391037 PMCID: PMC3307696 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.201107137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
CK1-γ/gilgamesh spatially limits the planar cell polarity–regulated process of trichome formation in Drosophila through its effect on polarized vesicle recycling. Cellular morphogenesis, including polarized outgrowth, promotes tissue shape and function. Polarized vesicle trafficking has emerged as a fundamental mechanism by which protein and membrane can be targeted to discrete subcellular domains to promote localized protrusions. Frizzled (Fz)/planar cell polarity (PCP) signaling orchestrates cytoskeletal polarization and drives morphogenetic changes in such contexts as the vertebrate body axis and external Drosophila melanogaster tissues. Although regulation of Fz/PCP signaling via vesicle trafficking has been identified, the interplay between the vesicle trafficking machinery and downstream terminal PCP-directed processes is less established. In this paper, we show that Drosophila CK1-γ/gilgamesh (gish) regulates the PCP-associated process of trichome formation through effects on Rab11-mediated vesicle recycling. Although the core Fz/PCP proteins dictate prehair formation broadly, CK1-γ/gish restricts nucleation to a single site. Moreover, CK1-γ/gish works in parallel with the Fz/PCP effector multiple wing hairs, which restricts prehair formation along the perpendicular axis to Gish. Our findings suggest that polarized Rab11-mediated vesicle trafficking regulated by CK1-γ is required for PCP-directed processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- William J Gault
- Department of Developmental and Regenerative Biology, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY 10029, USA
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Abstract
Planar cell polarity (PCP) is a common feature of many epithelia and epithelial organs. Although progress has been made in the dissection of molecular mechanisms regulating PCP, many questions remain. Here we describe a screen to identify novel PCP regulators in Drosophila. We employed mild gain-of-function (GOF) phenotypes of two cytoplasmic Frizzled (Fz)/PCP core components, Diego (Dgo) and Prickle (Pk), and screened these against the DrosDel genome-wide deficiency collection for dominant modifiers. Positive genomic regions were rescreened and narrowed down with smaller overlapping deficiencies from the Exelixis collection and RNAi-mediated knockdown applied to individual genes. This approach isolated new regulators of PCP, which were confirmed with loss-of-function analyses displaying PCP defects in the eye and/or wing. Furthermore, knockdown of a subset was also sensitive to dgo dosage or dominantly modified a dishevelled (dsh) GOF phenotype, supporting a role in Fz/PCP-mediated polarity establishment. Among the new "PCP" genes we identified several kinases, enzymes required for lipid modification, scaffolding proteins, and genes involved in substrate modification and/or degradation. Interestingly, one of them is a member of the Meckel-Gruber syndrome factors, associated with human ciliopathies, suggesting an important role for cell polarity in nonciliated cells.
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Chatterjee N, Rollins J, Mahowald AP, Bazinet C. Neurotransmitter Transporter-Like: a male germline-specific SLC6 transporter required for Drosophila spermiogenesis. PLoS One 2011; 6:e16275. [PMID: 21298005 PMCID: PMC3029318 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0016275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2010] [Accepted: 12/13/2010] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The SLC6 class of membrane transporters, known primarily as neurotransmitter transporters, is increasingly appreciated for its roles in nutritional uptake of amino acids and other developmentally specific functions. A Drosophila SLC6 gene, Neurotransmitter transporter-like (Ntl), is expressed only in the male germline. Mobilization of a transposon inserted near the 3' end of the Ntl coding region yields male-sterile mutants defining a single complementation group. Germline transformation with Ntl cDNAs under control of male germline-specific control elements restores Ntl/Ntl homozygotes to normal fertility, indicating that Ntl is required only in the germ cells. In mutant males, sperm morphogenesis appears normal, with elongated, individualized and coiled spermiogenic cysts accumulating at the base of the testes. However, no sperm are transferred to the seminal vesicle. The level of polyglycylation of Ntl mutant sperm tubulin appears to be significantly lower than that of wild type controls. Glycine transporters are the most closely related SLC6 transporters to Ntl, suggesting that Ntl functions as a glycine transporter in developing sperm, where augmentation of the cytosolic pool of glycine may be required for the polyglycylation of the massive amounts of tubulin in the fly's giant sperm. The male-sterile phenotype of Ntl mutants may provide a powerful genetic system for studying the function of an SLC6 transporter family in a model organism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nabanita Chatterjee
- Department of Biological Sciences, St. John's University, Jamaica, New York, United States of America
| | - Janet Rollins
- Department of Biological Sciences, St. John's University, Jamaica, New York, United States of America
| | - Anthony P. Mahowald
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Cell Biology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Christopher Bazinet
- Department of Biological Sciences, St. John's University, Jamaica, New York, United States of America
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