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Yang F, Chen C, Chen R, Yang C, Liu Z, Wen L, Xiao H, Geng B, Xia Y. Unraveling the Potential of SGK1 in Osteoporosis: From Molecular Mechanisms to Therapeutic Targets. Biomolecules 2025; 15:686. [PMID: 40427579 PMCID: PMC12109298 DOI: 10.3390/biom15050686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2025] [Revised: 04/15/2025] [Accepted: 05/06/2025] [Indexed: 05/29/2025] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis (OP) is a prevalent metabolic bone disease, with several million cases of fractures resulting from osteoporosis worldwide each year. This phenomenon contributes to a substantial increase in direct medical expenditures and poses a considerable socioeconomic burden. Despite its prevalence, our understanding of the underlying mechanisms remains limited. Recent studies have demonstrated the involvement of serum glucocorticoid-regulated protein kinase 1 (SGK1) in multiple signaling pathways that regulate bone metabolism and its significant role in the development of osteoporosis. Therefore, it is of great significance to deeply explore the mechanism of SGK1 in osteoporosis and its therapeutic potential. In this paper, we present a comprehensive review of the structure and activation mechanism of SGK1, its biological function, the role of SGK1 in different types of osteoporosis, and the inhibitors of SGK1. The aim is to comprehensively assess the latest research progress with regards to SGK1's role in osteoporosis, clarify its role in the regulation of bone metabolism and its potential as a therapeutic target, and lay the foundation for the development of novel therapeutic strategies and personalized treatment in the future. Furthermore, by thoroughly examining the interactions between SGK1 and other molecules or signaling pathways, potential biomarkers may be identified, thereby enhancing the efficacy of early screening and intervention for osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Yang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou 730030, China; (F.Y.); (C.C.); (R.C.); (C.Y.); (Z.L.); (L.W.); (H.X.); (B.G.)
- The Second Clinical Medical School, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730030, China
- Department of Orthopedics, Nanchong Central Hospital, Nanchong 637000, China
| | - Changshun Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou 730030, China; (F.Y.); (C.C.); (R.C.); (C.Y.); (Z.L.); (L.W.); (H.X.); (B.G.)
- The Second Clinical Medical School, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730030, China
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University, Kunming 650032, China
| | - Rongjin Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou 730030, China; (F.Y.); (C.C.); (R.C.); (C.Y.); (Z.L.); (L.W.); (H.X.); (B.G.)
- The Second Clinical Medical School, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730030, China
| | - Chenghui Yang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou 730030, China; (F.Y.); (C.C.); (R.C.); (C.Y.); (Z.L.); (L.W.); (H.X.); (B.G.)
- The Second Clinical Medical School, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730030, China
| | - Zirui Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou 730030, China; (F.Y.); (C.C.); (R.C.); (C.Y.); (Z.L.); (L.W.); (H.X.); (B.G.)
- The Second Clinical Medical School, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730030, China
| | - Lei Wen
- Department of Orthopaedics, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou 730030, China; (F.Y.); (C.C.); (R.C.); (C.Y.); (Z.L.); (L.W.); (H.X.); (B.G.)
- The Second Clinical Medical School, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730030, China
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University, Kunming 650032, China
| | - Hefang Xiao
- Department of Orthopaedics, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou 730030, China; (F.Y.); (C.C.); (R.C.); (C.Y.); (Z.L.); (L.W.); (H.X.); (B.G.)
- The Second Clinical Medical School, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730030, China
| | - Bin Geng
- Department of Orthopaedics, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou 730030, China; (F.Y.); (C.C.); (R.C.); (C.Y.); (Z.L.); (L.W.); (H.X.); (B.G.)
- The Second Clinical Medical School, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730030, China
| | - Yayi Xia
- Department of Orthopaedics, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou 730030, China; (F.Y.); (C.C.); (R.C.); (C.Y.); (Z.L.); (L.W.); (H.X.); (B.G.)
- The Second Clinical Medical School, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730030, China
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