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Su X, Feng Y, Qu Y, Mu D. Association between methyltransferase-like 3 and non-small cell lung cancer: pathogenesis, therapeutic resistance, and clinical applications. Transl Lung Cancer Res 2024; 13:1121-1136. [PMID: 38854947 PMCID: PMC11157379 DOI: 10.21037/tlcr-24-85] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is a malignant cancer that with high incidence, recurrence, and mortality rates in human beings, posing significant threats to human health. Moreover, effective early diagnosis of NSCLC remains limited primarily by the lack of accurate biomarkers. Therefore, there is an urgent need to understand the mechanisms underlying NSCLC pathogenesis and treatment failure. Methyltransferase-like 3 (METTL3) is a prototypical member of a family of which its members transfer methyl groups. It has been implicated in modulating the pathogenesis of NSCLC, as well as conferring resistance to NSCLC therapeutics. The targeting of METTL3 for NSCLC treatment has been reported. However, the relationship between METTL3 and NSCLC remains to be demonstrated. In this review, we discuss relevant interrelationships by summarising the studies on METTL3 in NSCLC pathogenesis, therapeutic resistance, and clinical applications. Current research suggests that the upregulation of METTL3 expression propels the tumorigenesis, progression, and treatment resistance of NSCLC. Therefore, we propose that METTL3 is an excellent candidate biomarker for NSCLC diagnosis and prognosis. Therapeutic targeting of METTL3 has significant potential for NSCLC treatment. This review provides a summary of the association between METTL3 and NSCLC, which would be a valuable reference for both basic and clinical research.
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Hayes TK, Aquilanti E, Persky NS, Yang X, Kim EE, Brenan L, Goodale AB, Alan D, Sharpe T, Shue RE, Westlake L, Golomb L, Silverman BR, Morris MD, Fisher TR, Beyene E, Li YY, Cherniack AD, Piccioni F, Hicks JK, Chi AS, Cahill DP, Dietrich J, Batchelor TT, Root DE, Johannessen CM, Meyerson M. Comprehensive mutational scanning of EGFR reveals TKI sensitivities of extracellular domain mutants. Nat Commun 2024; 15:2742. [PMID: 38548752 PMCID: PMC10978866 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-45594-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 04/01/2024] Open
Abstract
The epidermal growth factor receptor, EGFR, is frequently activated in lung cancer and glioblastoma by genomic alterations including missense mutations. The different mutation spectra in these diseases are reflected in divergent responses to EGFR inhibition: significant patient benefit in lung cancer, but limited in glioblastoma. Here, we report a comprehensive mutational analysis of EGFR function. We perform saturation mutagenesis of EGFR and assess function of ~22,500 variants in a human EGFR-dependent lung cancer cell line. This approach reveals enrichment of erlotinib-insensitive variants of known and unknown significance in the dimerization, transmembrane, and kinase domains. Multiple EGFR extracellular domain variants, not associated with approved targeted therapies, are sensitive to afatinib and dacomitinib in vitro. Two glioblastoma patients with somatic EGFR G598V dimerization domain mutations show responses to dacomitinib treatment followed by within-pathway resistance mutation in one case. In summary, this comprehensive screen expands the landscape of functional EGFR variants and suggests broader clinical investigation of EGFR inhibition for cancers harboring extracellular domain mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tikvah K Hayes
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute & Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Cancer Program, The Broad Institute of M.I.T. and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Elisa Aquilanti
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute & Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Cancer Program, The Broad Institute of M.I.T. and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Nicole S Persky
- Cancer Program, The Broad Institute of M.I.T. and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Genetic Perturbation Platform, The Broad Institute of M.I.T. and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Aera Therapeutics, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Xiaoping Yang
- Genetic Perturbation Platform, The Broad Institute of M.I.T. and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Erica E Kim
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute & Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Lisa Brenan
- Cancer Program, The Broad Institute of M.I.T. and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Amy B Goodale
- Genetic Perturbation Platform, The Broad Institute of M.I.T. and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Douglas Alan
- Genetic Perturbation Platform, The Broad Institute of M.I.T. and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Ted Sharpe
- Data Science Platform, The Broad Institute of M.I.T. and Harvard Cambridge, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Robert E Shue
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute & Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Cancer Program, The Broad Institute of M.I.T. and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Lindsay Westlake
- Cancer Program, The Broad Institute of M.I.T. and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Lior Golomb
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute & Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Cancer Program, The Broad Institute of M.I.T. and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Brianna R Silverman
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute & Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Myshal D Morris
- Summer Honors Undergraduate Research Program, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ty Running Fisher
- Summer Honors Undergraduate Research Program, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Eden Beyene
- Summer Honors Undergraduate Research Program, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yvonne Y Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute & Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Cancer Program, The Broad Institute of M.I.T. and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Andrew D Cherniack
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute & Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Cancer Program, The Broad Institute of M.I.T. and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Federica Piccioni
- Genetic Perturbation Platform, The Broad Institute of M.I.T. and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Merck Research Laboratories, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - J Kevin Hicks
- Department of Pathology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Andrew S Chi
- Center for Neuro-Oncology, Division of Neuro-Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Daniel P Cahill
- Center for Neuro-Oncology, Division of Neuro-Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jorg Dietrich
- Department of Neurology, Division of Neuro-Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Tracy T Batchelor
- Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital & Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - David E Root
- Genetic Perturbation Platform, The Broad Institute of M.I.T. and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Cory M Johannessen
- Cancer Program, The Broad Institute of M.I.T. and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Oncology, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Matthew Meyerson
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute & Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Cancer Program, The Broad Institute of M.I.T. and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.
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Zhu X, Zhou R, Lu Y, Zhang Y, Chen Q, Li Y. Identification and Validation of Afatinib Potential Drug Resistance Gene BIRC5 in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Front Oncol 2021; 11:763035. [PMID: 34804966 PMCID: PMC8595596 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.763035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Resistance to second-generation epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitor (EGFR-TKI), afatinib, is the most significant challenge in the clinical management of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), and the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Methods Genomic signatures that may confer afatinib resistance in NSCLC were identified via data mining of public databases and integrative bioinformatic analyses. Furthermore, acquired afatinib-resistant lung adenocarcinoma cell lines (HCC827 AR) were established by long-term exposure under afatinib in vitro for stepwise escalation. The expression of baculovirus IAP repeat protein 5 (BIRC5) was detected by western blot, and cellular viability of HCC827 AR was determined by CCK8. Results Through integrative bioinformatic analyses of public datasets, overexpression of baculovirus IAP repeat protein 5 (BIRC5) was identified in both afatinib-resistant NSCLC cells and tissues, and BIRC5 overexpression was positively correlated with lymph node metastasis as well as pathological stage in NSCLC. Furthermore, NSCLC patients with BIRC5 overexpression showed poor survival outcomes. Immune infiltration analysis suggested that BIRC5 expression was significantly inversely correlated with tumor-infiltrating cell numbers and immune biomarker expression in NSCLC. The functions of genes co-expressed with BIRC5 were mainly enriched in cell cycle mitotic phase transition, double-strand break repair, and negative regulation of the cell cycle process signaling pathway. In addition, overexpression of BIRC5 protein was detected in afatinib-resistant cells by western blot, while BIRC5-expressing cells treated with BIRC5 inhibitor, YM155, were sensitive to afatinib. Conclusions In this study, we showed that overexpression of BIRC5 resulted in resistance to afatinib in NSCLC and BIRC5-specific inhibitors may overcome the resistant phenotype, indicating that dysregulation of the apoptotic cell death pathway may be the key mechanism underlying TKI resistance in the development of NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxi Zhu
- Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Renyu Zhou
- Department of Clinical Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuanzhi Lu
- Department of Clinical Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiang Chen
- Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yin Li
- Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
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Nam AS, Chaligne R, Landau DA. Integrating genetic and non-genetic determinants of cancer evolution by single-cell multi-omics. Nat Rev Genet 2020; 22:3-18. [PMID: 32807900 DOI: 10.1038/s41576-020-0265-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 191] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Cancer represents an evolutionary process through which growing malignant populations genetically diversify, leading to tumour progression, relapse and resistance to therapy. In addition to genetic diversity, the cell-to-cell variation that fuels evolutionary selection also manifests in cellular states, epigenetic profiles, spatial distributions and interactions with the microenvironment. Therefore, the study of cancer requires the integration of multiple heritable dimensions at the resolution of the single cell - the atomic unit of somatic evolution. In this Review, we discuss emerging analytic and experimental technologies for single-cell multi-omics that enable the capture and integration of multiple data modalities to inform the study of cancer evolution. These data show that cancer results from a complex interplay between genetic and non-genetic determinants of somatic evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna S Nam
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA.,New York Genome Center, New York, NY, USA.,Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ronan Chaligne
- New York Genome Center, New York, NY, USA.,Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA.,Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Dan A Landau
- New York Genome Center, New York, NY, USA. .,Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA. .,Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA. .,Institute for Computational Biomedicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
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Berns A, Ringborg U, Celis JE, Heitor M, Aaronson NK, Abou‐Zeid N, Adami H, Apostolidis K, Baumann M, Bardelli A, Bernards R, Brandberg Y, Caldas C, Calvo F, Dive C, Eggert A, Eggermont A, Espina C, Falkenburg F, Foucaud J, Hanahan D, Helbig U, Jönsson B, Kalager M, Karjalainen S, Kásler M, Kearns P, Kärre K, Lacombe D, de Lorenzo F, Meunier F, Nettekoven G, Oberst S, Nagy P, Philip T, Price R, Schüz J, Solary E, Strang P, Tabernero J, Voest E. Towards a cancer mission in Horizon Europe: recommendations. Mol Oncol 2020; 14:1589-1615. [PMID: 32749074 PMCID: PMC7400777 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.12763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
A comprehensive translational cancer research approach focused on personalized and precision medicine, and covering the entire cancer research-care-prevention continuum has the potential to achieve in 2030 a 10-year cancer-specific survival for 75% of patients diagnosed in European Union (EU) member states with a well-developed healthcare system. Concerted actions across this continuum that spans from basic and preclinical research through clinical and prevention research to outcomes research, along with the establishment of interconnected high-quality infrastructures for translational research, clinical and prevention trials and outcomes research, will ensure that science-driven and social innovations benefit patients and individuals at risk across the EU. European infrastructures involving comprehensive cancer centres (CCCs) and CCC-like entities will provide researchers with access to the required critical mass of patients, biological materials and technological resources and can bridge research with healthcare systems. Here, we prioritize research areas to ensure a balanced research portfolio and provide recommendations for achieving key targets. Meeting these targets will require harmonization of EU and national priorities and policies, improved research coordination at the national, regional and EU level and increasingly efficient and flexible funding mechanisms. Long-term support by the EU and commitment of Member States to specialized schemes are also needed for the establishment and sustainability of trans-border infrastructures and networks. In addition to effectively engaging policymakers, all relevant stakeholders within the entire continuum should consensually inform policy through evidence-based advice.
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