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Assessment of scale-adaptive turbulence modeling in coupled CFD-PBM 3D flow simulations of disperse liquid-liquid flow in a baffled stirred tank with particular emphasis on the dissipation rate. Chem Eng Sci 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2023.118509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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2
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Ayala JS, de Moura HL, Amaral RDL, Oliveira Júnior FDA, Nunhez JR, de Castilho GJ. Two-dimensional shear rate field and flow structures of a pseudoplastic fluid in a stirred tank using particle image velocimetry. Chem Eng Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2021.117198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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3
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4
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Sommer AE, Rox H, Shi P, Eckert K, Rzehak R. Solid-liquid flow in stirred tanks: “CFD-grade” experimental investigation. Chem Eng Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2021.116743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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5
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Li Q, Peng Z, Liu L, Chen S, Liu J, Wang LP, Liu T, Wang G. A comparison of different methods for estimating turbulent dissipation rate in under-resolved flow fields from synthetic PIV images. Chem Eng Res Des 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cherd.2021.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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6
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7
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Liang W, Wang D, Qian M, Cai Z, Li Z, Gao Z. Transformation of single drop breakup from binary to ternary and multiple in turbulent jet flows. Chin J Chem Eng 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjche.2020.11.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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8
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Wang G, Yang F, Wu K, Ma Y, Peng C, Liu T, Wang LP. Estimation of the dissipation rate of turbulent kinetic energy: A review. Chem Eng Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2020.116133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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9
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Taghavi M, Moghaddas J. Flow characteristics of the Rushton and pitched blade turbines in turbulent and laminar mixing. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL REACTOR ENGINEERING 2020. [DOI: 10.1515/ijcre-2019-0215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
AbstractThe velocity field and concentration distribution of three radial and axial impellers were studied in miscible liquid blending in a stirred tank reactor. To obtain a better insight into the applicability of each impeller system, the influence of velocity profiles on the generated concentration profiles was studied in detail for each impeller. Particle image velocimetry (PIV) and planar laser induced fluorescence (PLIF) methods were used as the measurement techniques. In the turbulent regime, the Rushton turbine provided a homogeneous concentration field throughout the reactor by generating high radial and axial velocities in the bottom and upper zones of the tank. Operation comparisons of the up and down-pumping pitched blade turbines illustrated that the up-pumping turbine had a better performance in overall because of producing high turbulence in the upper half of the reactor. In this region, the radial concentration profile approached the final homogenized value in a shorter time. In the laminar regime, all three impellers acted in a similar way and produced a radial flow throughout the reactor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahsa Taghavi
- Chemical Engineering Department, Sahand University of Technology, P.O. Box 51335/1996, Tabriz, Islamic Republic of Iran
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX, 77204, USA
| | - Jafarsadegh Moghaddas
- Chemical Engineering Department, Sahand University of Technology, P.O. Box 51335/1996, Tabriz, Islamic Republic of Iran
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10
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Bagkeris I, Michael V, Prosser R, Kowalski A. Large–eddy simulation in a Sonolator high–pressure homogeniser. Chem Eng Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2019.115441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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11
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Fernandes del Pozo D, Liné A, Van Geem KM, Le Men C, Nopens I. Hydrodynamic analysis of an axial impeller in a non‐Newtonian fluid through particle image velocimetry. AIChE J 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/aic.16939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Alain Liné
- INSA, INRA, CNRSTBI, University of Toulouse Toulouse France
| | | | - Claude Le Men
- INSA, INRA, CNRSTBI, University of Toulouse Toulouse France
| | - Ingmar Nopens
- BIOMATH, Department of Data Analysis and Mathematical ModellingGhent University Ghent Belgium
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12
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Bagkeris I, Michael V, Prosser R, Kowalski A. WITHDRAWN: Large-eddy simulation in a Sonolator high-pressure homogeniser. CHEMICAL ENGINEERING SCIENCE: X 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cesx.2019.100052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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13
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Gómez-Ríos D, Junne S, Neubauer P, Ochoa S, Ríos-Estepa R, Ramírez-Malule H. Characterization of the Metabolic Response of Streptomyces clavuligerus to Shear Stress in Stirred Tanks and Single-Use 2D Rocking Motion Bioreactors for Clavulanic Acid Production. Antibiotics (Basel) 2019; 8:antibiotics8040168. [PMID: 31569725 PMCID: PMC6963652 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics8040168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2019] [Revised: 09/22/2019] [Accepted: 09/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Streptomyces clavuligerus is a gram-positive filamentous bacterium notable for producing clavulanic acid (CA), an inhibitor of β-lactamase enzymes, which confers resistance to bacteria against several antibiotics. Here we present a comparative analysis of the morphological and metabolic response of S. clavuligerus linked to the CA production under low and high shear stress conditions in a 2D rocking-motion single-use bioreactor (CELL-tainer ®) and stirred tank bioreactor (STR), respectively. The CELL-tainer® guarantees high turbulence and enhanced volumetric mass transfer at low shear stress, which (in contrast to bubble columns) allows the investigation of the impact of shear stress without oxygen limitation. The results indicate that high shear forces do not compromise the viability of S. clavuligerus cells; even higher specific growth rate, biomass, and specific CA production rate were observed in the STR. Under low shear forces in the CELL-tainer® the mycelial diameter increased considerably (average diameter 2.27 in CELL-tainer® vs. 1.44 µm in STR). This suggests that CA production may be affected by a lower surface-to-volume ratio which would lead to lower diffusion and transport of nutrients, oxygen, and product. The present study shows that there is a strong correlation between macromorphology and CA production, which should be an important aspect to consider in industrial production of CA.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Gómez-Ríos
- Grupo de Investigación en Simulación, Diseño, Control y Optimización de Procesos (SIDCOP), Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Calle 70 No. 52-21, Medellín 050010, Colombia.
| | - Stefan Junne
- Bioprocess Engineering, Institute of Biotechnology, Technische Universität Berlin, D-13355 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Peter Neubauer
- Bioprocess Engineering, Institute of Biotechnology, Technische Universität Berlin, D-13355 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Silvia Ochoa
- Grupo de Investigación en Simulación, Diseño, Control y Optimización de Procesos (SIDCOP), Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Calle 70 No. 52-21, Medellín 050010, Colombia.
| | - Rigoberto Ríos-Estepa
- Grupo de Bioprocesos, Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Calle 70 No. 52-21, Medellín 050010, Colombia.
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14
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Effects of turbulence modeling on the prediction of flow characteristics of mixing non-Newtonian fluids in a stirred vessel. Chem Eng Res Des 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cherd.2019.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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15
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Podgórska W. The Influence of Internal Intermittency, Large Scale Inhomogeneity, and Impeller Type on Drop Size Distribution in Turbulent Liquid-Liquid Dispersions. ENTROPY 2019; 21:e21040340. [PMID: 33267054 PMCID: PMC7514824 DOI: 10.3390/e21040340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Revised: 03/25/2019] [Accepted: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
The influence of the impeller type on drop size distribution (DSD) in turbulent liquid-liquid dispersion is considered in this paper. The effects of the application of two impellers, high power number, high shear impeller (six blade Rushton turbine, RT) and three blade low power number, and a high efficiency impeller (HE3) are compared. Large-scale and fine-scale inhomogeneity are taken into account. The flow field and the properties of the turbulence (energy dissipation rate and integral scale of turbulence) in the agitated vessel are determined using the k-ε model. The intermittency of turbulence is taken into account in droplet breakage and coalescence models by using multifractal formalism. The solution of the population balance equation for lean dispersions (when the only breakage takes place) with a dispersed phase of low viscosity (pure system or system containing surfactant), as well as high viscosity, show that at the same power input per unit mass HE3 impeller produces much smaller droplets. In the case of fast coalescence (low dispersed phase viscosity, no surfactant), the model predicts similar droplets generated by both impellers. In the case of a dispersed phase of high viscosity, when the mobility of the drop surface is reduced, HE3 produces slightly smaller droplets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wioletta Podgórska
- Faculty of Chemical and Process Engineering, Warsaw University of Technology, 00-645 Warsaw, Poland
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16
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Mancilla E, Cruz‐Méndez W, Ramírez‐Argáez MA, González‐Rivera C, Ascanio G. Experimental measurements of bubble size distributions in a water model and its influence on the aluminum kinetics degassing. CAN J CHEM ENG 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/cjce.23432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ernesto Mancilla
- Instituto de Ingeniería, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito EscolarCiudad UniversitariaDF04510México
| | - Wiener Cruz‐Méndez
- Departamento de Ingeniería Metalúrgica, Facultad de QuímicaUniversidad Nacional Autónoma de MéxicoAv. Ciudad Universitaria 3000Coyoacán04360D.F., MéxicoMéxico
| | - Marco Aurelio Ramírez‐Argáez
- Departamento de Ingeniería Metalúrgica, Facultad de QuímicaUniversidad Nacional Autónoma de MéxicoAv. Ciudad Universitaria 3000Coyoacán04360D.F., MéxicoMéxico
| | - Carlos González‐Rivera
- Departamento de Ingeniería Metalúrgica, Facultad de QuímicaUniversidad Nacional Autónoma de MéxicoAv. Ciudad Universitaria 3000Coyoacán04360D.F., MéxicoMéxico
| | - Gabriel Ascanio
- Instituto de Ciencias Aplicadas y Tecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito ExteriorCiudad Universitaria04510D.F. MéxicoMéxico
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de Lamotte A, Delafosse A, Calvo S, Toye D. Identifying dominant spatial and time characteristics of flow dynamics within free-surface baffled stirred-tanks from CFD simulations. Chem Eng Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2018.07.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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19
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Liang Y, Shi D, Xu B, Cai Z, Gao Z. Turbulent flow field in a stirred vessel agitated by an Impeller with flexible blades. AIChE J 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/aic.16353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yangyang Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering; Beijing University of Chemical Technology; Beijing 100029 China
| | - Daien Shi
- Mechanical Engineering School; Yancheng Institute of Technology; Yancheng 224051 China
| | - Bohang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering; Beijing University of Chemical Technology; Beijing 100029 China
| | - Ziqi Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering; Beijing University of Chemical Technology; Beijing 100029 China
| | - Zhengming Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering; Beijing University of Chemical Technology; Beijing 100029 China
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20
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Inter-compartment interaction in multi-impeller mixing: Part I. Experiments and multiple reference frame CFD. Chem Eng Res Des 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cherd.2018.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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21
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Cortada-Garcia M, Weheliye WH, Dore V, Mazzei L, Angeli P. Computational fluid dynamic studies of mixers for highly viscous shear thinning fluids and PIV validation. Chem Eng Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2018.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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22
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Komrakova A, Liu Z, Machado M, Kresta S. Development of a zone flow model for the confined impeller stirred tank (CIST) based on mean velocity and turbulence measurements. Chem Eng Res Des 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cherd.2017.07.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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23
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Steiros K, Bruce PJK, Buxton ORH, Vassilicos JC. Power consumption and form drag of regular and fractal-shaped turbines in a stirred tank. AIChE J 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/aic.15414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- K. Steiros
- Dept. of Aeronautics; Imperial College London; London SW7 2AZ U.K
| | - P. J. K. Bruce
- Dept. of Aeronautics; Imperial College London; London SW7 2AZ U.K
| | - O. R. H. Buxton
- Dept. of Aeronautics; Imperial College London; London SW7 2AZ U.K
| | - J. C. Vassilicos
- Dept. of Aeronautics; Imperial College London; London SW7 2AZ U.K
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24
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Mule GM, Lohia R, Kulkarni AA. Effect of number of branches on the performance of fractal impeller in a stirred tank: Mixing and hydrodynamics. Chem Eng Res Des 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cherd.2016.01.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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25
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Bashiri H, Alizadeh E, Bertrand F, Chaouki J. Investigation of turbulent fluid flows in stirred tanks using a non-intrusive particle tracking technique. Chem Eng Sci 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2015.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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26
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Sanjuan-Galindo R, Soto E, Zenit R, Ascanio G. Viscous Filament Fragmentation in a Turbulent Flow Inside a Stirred Tank. CHEM ENG COMMUN 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/00986445.2014.923994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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27
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Šulc R, Pešava V, Ditl P. Local Turbulent Energy Dissipation Rate in a Vessel Agitated by a Rushton Turbine. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1515/cpe-2015-0011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The scaling of turbulence characteristics such as turbulent fluctuation velocity, turbulent kinetic energy and turbulent energy dissipation rate was investigated in a mechanically agitated vessel 300 mm in inner diameter stirred by a Rushton turbine at high Reynolds numbers in the range 50 000 < Re < 100 000. The hydrodynamics and flow field was measured using 2-D TR PIV. The convective velocity formulas proposed by Antonia et al. (1980) and Van Doorn (1981) were tested. The turbulent energy dissipation rate estimated independently in both radial and axial directions using the one-dimensional approach was not found to be the same in each direction. Using the proposed correction, the values in both directions were found to be close to each other. The relation ε/(N3·D2) ∞ const. was not conclusively confirmed.
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Han L, Gong S, Ding Y, Fu J, Gao N, Luo H. Consideration of low viscous droplet breakage in the framework of the wide energy spectrum and the multiple fragments. AIChE J 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/aic.14830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Luchang Han
- Dept. of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering; Xiangtan University; Hunan 411105 P.R. China
| | - Shenggao Gong
- Dept. of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering; Xiangtan University; Hunan 411105 P.R. China
| | - Yaowen Ding
- Dept. of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering; Xiangtan University; Hunan 411105 P.R. China
| | - Jin Fu
- Dept. of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering; Xiangtan University; Hunan 411105 P.R. China
| | - Ningning Gao
- Dept. of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering; Xiangtan University; Hunan 411105 P.R. China
| | - He'an Luo
- Dept. of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering; Xiangtan University; Hunan 411105 P.R. China
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29
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Han L, Gong S, Li Y, Gao N, Fu J, Luo H, Liu Z. Influence of energy spectrum distribution on drop breakage in turbulent flows. Chem Eng Sci 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2014.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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30
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Wang X, Feng X, Yang C, Mao ZS. Energy Dissipation Rates of Newtonian and Non-Newtonian Fluids in a Stirred Vessel. Chem Eng Technol 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ceat.201400003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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31
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Daub A, Böhm M, Delueg S, Mühlmann M, Schneider G, Büchs J. Characterization of hydromechanical stress in aerated stirred tanks up to 40 m(3) scale by measurement of maximum stable drop size. J Biol Eng 2014; 8:17. [PMID: 25067953 PMCID: PMC4099098 DOI: 10.1186/1754-1611-8-17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2014] [Accepted: 05/30/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Turbulence intensity, or hydromechanical stress, is a parameter that influences a broad range of processes in the fields of chemical engineering and biotechnology. Fermentation processes are often characterized by high agitation and aeration intensity resulting in high gas void fractions of up to 20% in large scale reactors. Very little experimental data on hydromechanical stress for such operating conditions exists because of the problems associated with measuring hydromechanical stress under aeration and intense agitation. RESULTS An indirect method to quantify hydromechanical stress for aerated operating conditions by the measurement of maximum stable drop size in a break-up controlled dispersion was applied to characterize hydromechanical stress in reactor scales of 50 L, 3 m(3) and 40 m(3) volume with a broad range of operating conditions and impeller geometries (Rushton turbines). Results for impellers within each scale for the ratio of maximum to specific energy dissipation rate ϕ based on measured values of maximum stable drop size for aerated operating conditions are qualitatively in agreement with results from literature correlations for unaerated operating conditions. Comparison of data in the different scales shows that there is a scale effect that results in higher values for ϕ in larger reactors. This behavior is not covered by the classic theory of turbulent drop dispersion but is in good agreement with the theory of turbulence intermittency. The data for all impeller configurations and all aeration rates for the three scales can be correlated within ±20% when calculated values for ϕ based on the measured values for dmax are used to calculate the maximum local energy dissipation rate. A correlation of the data for all scales and all impeller configurations in the form ϕ = 2.3∙(ϕunaerated)(0.34)∙(DR)(0.543) is suggested that successfully models the influence of scale and impeller geometry on ϕ for aerated operating conditions. CONCLUSIONS The results show that besides the impeller geometry, also aeration and scale strongly influence hydromechanical stress. Incorporating these effects is beneficial for a successful scale up or scale down of this parameter. This can be done by applying the suggested correlation or by measuring hydromechanical stress with the experimental method used in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Daub
- AVT.Biochemical Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 1, Aachen 52074, Germany
| | - Marina Böhm
- AVT.Biochemical Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 1, Aachen 52074, Germany
| | - Stefanie Delueg
- AVT.Biochemical Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 1, Aachen 52074, Germany
| | - Markus Mühlmann
- AVT.Biochemical Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 1, Aachen 52074, Germany
| | - Gerhard Schneider
- Sandoz GmbH, Anti-Infectives Operations Development, Biochemiestraße 10, Kundl A-6250, Austria
| | - Jochen Büchs
- AVT.Biochemical Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 1, Aachen 52074, Germany
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Odeleye AOO, Marsh DTJ, Osborne MD, Lye GJ, Micheletti M. On the fluid dynamics of a laboratory scale single-use stirred bioreactor. Chem Eng Sci 2014; 111:299-312. [PMID: 24864128 PMCID: PMC4015722 DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2014.02.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2013] [Revised: 02/07/2014] [Accepted: 02/21/2014] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
The commercial success of mammalian cell-derived recombinant proteins has fostered an increase in demand for novel single-use bioreactor (SUB) systems that facilitate greater productivity, increased flexibility and reduced costs (Zhang et al., 2010). These systems exhibit fluid flow regimes unlike those encountered in traditional glass/stainless steel bioreactors because of the way in which they are designed. With such disparate hydrodynamic environments between SUBs currently on the market, traditional scale-up approaches applied to stirred tanks should be revised. One such SUB is the Mobius® 3 L CellReady, which consists of an upward-pumping marine scoping impeller. This work represents the first experimental study of the flow within the CellReady using a Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) approach, combined with a biological study into the impact of these fluid dynamic characteristics on cell culture performance. The PIV study was conducted within the actual vessel, rather than using a purpose-built mimic. PIV measurements conveyed a degree of fluid compartmentalisation resulting from the up-pumping impeller. Both impeller tip speed and fluid working volume had an impact upon the fluid velocities and spatial distribution of turbulence within the vessel. Cell cultures were conducted using the GS-CHO cell-line (Lonza) producing an IgG4 antibody. Disparity in cellular growth and viability throughout the range of operating conditions used (80-350 rpm and 1-2.4 L working volume) was not substantial, although a significant reduction in recombinant protein productivity was found at 350 rpm and 1 L working volume (corresponding to the highest Reynolds number tested in this work). The study shows promise in the use of PIV to improve understanding of the hydrodynamic environment within individual SUBs and allows identification of the critical hydrodynamic parameters under the different flow regimes for compatibility and scalability across the range of bioreactor platforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- A O O Odeleye
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, University College London, Torrington Place, London WC1E 7JE, United Kingdom
| | - D T J Marsh
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, University College London, Torrington Place, London WC1E 7JE, United Kingdom ; Eli Lilly S.A. Irish Branch, Dunderrow, Kinsale, Co. Cork, Ireland
| | - M D Osborne
- Eli Lilly S.A. Irish Branch, Dunderrow, Kinsale, Co. Cork, Ireland
| | - G J Lye
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, University College London, Torrington Place, London WC1E 7JE, United Kingdom
| | - M Micheletti
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, University College London, Torrington Place, London WC1E 7JE, United Kingdom
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33
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Daub A, Böhm M, Delueg S, Mühlmann M, Schneider G, Büchs J. Maximum stable drop size measurements indicate turbulence attenuation by aeration in a 3m3 aerated stirred tank. Biochem Eng J 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2014.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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34
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Fonte CP, Pinho BS, Santos-Moreau V, Lopes JCB. Prediction of the Induced Gas Flow Rate from a Self-Inducing Impeller with CFD. Chem Eng Technol 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ceat.201300412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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35
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Drop breakage and coalescence in the toluene/water dispersions with dissolved surface active polymers PVA 88% and 98%. Chem Eng Res Des 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cherd.2013.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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36
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Soos M, Kaufmann R, Winteler R, Kroupa M, Lüthi B. Determination of maximum turbulent energy dissipation rate generated by a rushton impeller through large eddy simulation. AIChE J 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/aic.14206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Miroslav Soos
- Institute for Chemical and Bioengineering; Dept. of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences; ETH Zurich 8093 Zurich Switzerland
| | - René Kaufmann
- Institute of Environmental Engineering; ETH Zurich CH 8093 Zurich Switzerland
| | - Raphael Winteler
- Institute of Environmental Engineering; ETH Zurich CH 8093 Zurich Switzerland
| | - Martin Kroupa
- Institute for Chemical and Bioengineering; Dept. of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences; ETH Zurich 8093 Zurich Switzerland
| | - Beat Lüthi
- Institute of Environmental Engineering; ETH Zurich CH 8093 Zurich Switzerland
- photrack AG; Am Wasser 148 8049 Zurich Switzerland
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Development of a Scale-Down Model of hydrodynamic stress to study the performance of an industrial CHO cell line under simulated production scale bioreactor conditions. J Biotechnol 2013; 164:41-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2012.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2012] [Revised: 10/27/2012] [Accepted: 11/26/2012] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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38
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Gillissen JJJ, Van den Akker HEA. Direct numerical simulation of the turbulent flow in a baffled tank driven by a Rushton turbine. AIChE J 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/aic.13762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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40
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41
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Coroneo M, Montante G, Paglianti A, Magelli F. CFD prediction of fluid flow and mixing in stirred tanks: Numerical issues about the RANS simulations. Comput Chem Eng 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.compchemeng.2010.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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42
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Sorg R, Tanzeglock T, Soos M, Morbidelli M, Périlleux A, Solacroup T, Broly H. Minimizing hydrodynamic stress in mammalian cell culture through the lobed Taylor-Couette bioreactor. Biotechnol J 2011; 6:1504-15. [PMID: 21766459 DOI: 10.1002/biot.201000477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2010] [Revised: 05/04/2011] [Accepted: 06/27/2011] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The objective of the present study was to investigate the effect of hydrodynamic stress heterogeneity on metabolism and productivity of an industrial mammalian cell line. For this purpose, a novel Lobed Taylor-Couette (LTC) mixing unit combining a narrow distribution of hydrodynamic stresses and a membrane aeration system to prevent cell damage by bubble bursting was developed. A hydrodynamic analysis of the LTC was developed to reproduce, in a uniform hydrodynamic environment, the same hydrodynamic stress encountered locally by cells in a stirred tank, particularly at the large scale, e.g., close and far from the impeller. The developed LTC was used to simulate the stress values near the impeller of a laboratory stirred tank bioreactor, equal to about 0.4 Pa, which is however below the threshold value leading to cell death. It was found that the cells actively change their metabolism by increasing lactate production and decreasing titer while the consumption of the main nutrients remains substantially unchanged. When considering average stress values ranging from 1 to 10 Pa found by other researchers to cause physiological response of cells to the hydrodynamic stress in heterogeneous stirred vessels, our results are close to the lower boundary of this interval.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robin Sorg
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Institute for Chemical and Bioengineering, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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43
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Estimation of the turbulent kinetic energy dissipation rate from 2D-PIV measurements in a vessel stirred by an axial Mixel TTP impeller. Chem Eng Sci 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2011.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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44
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Chen Y, Jiang H, Bao Y, Huang X. Turbulence Properties of Solid-Liquid Flow in the Near-Wall Region of a Stirred Tank. JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING OF JAPAN 2011. [DOI: 10.1252/jcej.10we178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Chen
- College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology
| | - Han Jiang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology
| | - Yuyun Bao
- College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology
| | - Xiongbin Huang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology
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Analysis of Turbulence Structure in the Stirred Tank with a Deep Hollow Blade Disc Turbine by Time-resolved PIV. Chin J Chem Eng 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/s1004-9541(10)60262-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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46
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Guida A, Nienow AW, Barigou M. The effects of the azimuthal position of the measurement plane on the flow parameters determined by PIV within a stirred vessel. Chem Eng Sci 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2009.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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47
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Drumm C, Hlawitschka MW, Bart HJ. CFD simulations and particle image velocimetry measurements in an industrial scale rotating disc contactor. AIChE J 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/aic.12249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Ehrl L, Soos M, Wu H, Morbidelli M. Effect of flow field heterogeneity in coagulators on aggregate size and structure. AIChE J 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/aic.12179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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49
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Wiedemann M, Schlüter M, Räbiger N. Investigation of the local specific energy dissipation rates in a jet-zone loop reactor for halogenation of ketones. CAN J CHEM ENG 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/cjce.20284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Steinmetz T, Bart HJ. Scale-up of Mini-Plant Extractors on Energy Dissipation-Based Population Balances. Chem Eng Technol 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/ceat.200800610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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