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Shi X, An W, Li Y, Wang Y, Dai E, Liu M, Guo R, Wang J. Heteroatom decorated C2N monolayer for gas-sensing application: Insight from first-principles. J Chem Phys 2025; 162:124712. [PMID: 40145472 DOI: 10.1063/5.0258025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2025] [Accepted: 03/10/2025] [Indexed: 03/28/2025] Open
Abstract
Development of novel gas-sensing materials is essential to high-performance gas sensors for monitoring target gases in industrial production and environmental protection. Herein, we investigate two types of the heteroatom-decorated C2N monolayer, denoted as M@C2N (M = Mn and Ni) and B-C2N, for their gas-sensing functionality toward seven small gaseous molecules (H2, O2, N2, CO, CO2, NH3, and H2O). The key gas-sensing characteristics concerning chemiresistive (CR) and field-effect transistor (FET) gas sensing have been thoroughly explored. The results show that Mn@C2N and Ni@C2N can work as either CR or FET gas-sensing materials for detecting H2, O2, N2, CO, CO2, NH3, and H2O, whereas B-C2N can work as a disposable gas sensor for O2, H2O, and NH3. Mn@C2N and Ni@C2N are the most selective toward O2 and NH3, followed by CO and H2O in an oxygen- and ammonia-free environment, while B-C2N is the most selective toward H2O and NH3. More importantly, the adsorption strength of target molecule plays a critical role in gas-sensing mechanism as well as selectivity, recovery time, and sensitivity. This study offers theoretical perspectives on 2D hybrid carbon-based nanomaterials for efficient gas sensing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xugen Shi
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, 333 Longteng Road, Songjiang District, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Wei An
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, 333 Longteng Road, Songjiang District, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Yunyi Li
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, 333 Longteng Road, Songjiang District, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Yibo Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, 333 Longteng Road, Songjiang District, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Enduo Dai
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, 333 Longteng Road, Songjiang District, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Mingming Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, 333 Longteng Road, Songjiang District, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Ruixian Guo
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, 333 Longteng Road, Songjiang District, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Jinguo Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, 333 Longteng Road, Songjiang District, Shanghai 201620, China
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Sun S, Li Y, Liu S. Task-specific deep eutectic solvents with synergistic catalytic performance as excellent and recyclable catalysts for Beckmann rearrangement. RSC Adv 2025; 15:8901-8912. [PMID: 40129632 PMCID: PMC11931504 DOI: 10.1039/d5ra01178g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2025] [Accepted: 03/14/2025] [Indexed: 03/26/2025] Open
Abstract
Novel "task-specific" deep eutectic solvents (DESs) were synthesized and were used in the Beckmann rearrangement reaction to prepare ε-caprolactam, with DES [InCl3][AA]2 achieving 100% cyclohexanone oxime (CHO) conversion and 99.5% ε-caprolactam (CPL) selectivity under 80 °C for 2 h. This "task-specific" approach gives some advantages to the reaction, such as rapid reaction speed, high yield of the target product, easy catalyst recovery, and good universality, making the DES catalytic system of great academic significance and have potential application prospects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiqin Sun
- Department of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Shandong Vocational College of Science and Technology 6388 West Ring Road Weifang 261021 People's Republic of China
| | - Yanshun Li
- Department of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Shandong Vocational College of Science and Technology 6388 West Ring Road Weifang 261021 People's Republic of China
| | - Shiwei Liu
- College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology 53Zhengzhou Road Qingdao 266042 People's Republic of China
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Powroźnik P, Krzywiecki M. Intertwining Density Functional Theory and Experiments in the Investigation of Gas Sensing Mechanisms: A Review. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2025; 25:867. [PMID: 39943506 PMCID: PMC11821263 DOI: 10.3390/s25030867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2024] [Revised: 01/23/2025] [Accepted: 01/28/2025] [Indexed: 02/16/2025]
Abstract
In this review, we present the last ten years of progress in evaluation of gas sensing mechanisms. We focus mostly on the studies joining theoretical modeling of gas adsorption by density functional theory method with advanced experimental characterization of sensing materials. We provide the background about important aspects that should be taken into account during the design of the effective sensing device and an overview of the most recently studied sensing materials and analytes. Using the exemplary works, we next show how theory and experiment intertwine in revealing how the sensing mechanism serves to improve the device performance. In the end, we summarize the progress already made despite the existing difficulties, and provide an outlook for future methodological development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulina Powroźnik
- Institute of Physics—Center for Science and Education, Silesian University of Technology, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland;
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Zhang X, Zhang G, Wang F, Chi H. Evolution of Oxygen Content of Graphene Oxide for Humidity Sensing. Molecules 2024; 29:3741. [PMID: 39202821 PMCID: PMC11357366 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29163741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2024] [Revised: 08/05/2024] [Accepted: 08/06/2024] [Indexed: 09/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Graphene oxide (GO) has shown significant potential in humidity sensing. It is well accepted that the oxygen-containing functional groups in GO significantly influence its humidity sensing performance. However, the relationship between the content of these groups and the humidity sensing capability of GO-based sensors remains unclear. In the present work, we investigate the role of oxygen-containing functional groups in the humidity sensing performance by oxidizing graphite with mesh numbers 80-120, 325, and 8000 using the Hummers method, resulting in GO-80, GO-325, and GO-8000. Infrared spectroscopy (IR) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) were used to identify the types and quantification of oxygen-containing functional groups. Molecular dynamics simulation is used to simulate the adsorption energy, intercalation dynamics, and hydrogen bonding of water molecules. Electrochemical tests were used to compare the adsorption/desorption time and response sensitivity of graphene oxide to humidity. It is proposed that hydroxyl and carboxyl groups are the main contributing groups to humidity sensing. GO-8000 shows a relatively fast response time, but the large number of carboxyl groups will hinder intercalation of water molecules, thus exhibiting lower sensitivity. This research provides a reference for the future development of graphene-based sensors, catalysts, and environmental materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Zhang
- Engineering and Technology Center of Electrochemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, China
| | - Guocheng Zhang
- Engineering and Technology Center of Electrochemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, China
| | - FuKe Wang
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis #08-03, Singapore 138634, Singapore
| | - Hong Chi
- Engineering and Technology Center of Electrochemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, China
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Pratap Singh Raman A, Thakur G, Pandey G, Kumari K, Singh P. An Updated Review on Functionalized Graphene as Sensitive Materials in Sensing of Pesticides. Chem Biodivers 2024; 21:e202302080. [PMID: 38578653 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202302080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
Numerous chemical pesticides were employed for a long time to manage pests, but their uncontrolled application harmed the health and the environment. Accurately quantifying pesticide residues is essential for risk evaluation and regulatory purposes. Numerous analytical methods have been developed and utilized to achieve sensitive and specific detection of pesticides in intricate sampl es like water, soil, food, and air. Electrochemical sensors based on amperometry, potentiometry, or impedance spectroscopy offer portable, rapid, and sensitive detection suitable for on-site analysis. This study examines the potential of electrochemical sensors for the accurate evaluation of various effects of pesticides. Emphasizing the use of Graphene (GR), Graphene Oxide (GO), Reduced Graphene Oxide (rGO), and Graphdiyne composites, the study highlights their enhanced performance in pesticide sensing by stating the account of many actual sensors that have been made for specific pesticides. Computational studies provide valuable insights into the adsorption kinetics, binding energies, and electronic properties of pesticide-graphene complexes, guiding the design and optimization of graphene-based sensors with improved performance. Furthermore, the discussion extends to the emerging field of biopesticides. While the GR/GO/rGO based sensors hold immense future prospects, and their existing limitations have also been discussed, which need to be solved with future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anirudh Pratap Singh Raman
- Department of Chemistry, Atma Ram Sanatan Dharma College, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Delhi- NCR Campus, Delhi-Merrut Road, Modinagar, Ghaziabad, UP, India
| | - Gauri Thakur
- Department of Chemistry, Atma Ram Sanatan Dharma College, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Madras, India
| | - Garima Pandey
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Delhi- NCR Campus, Delhi-Merrut Road, Modinagar, Ghaziabad, UP, India
| | - Kamlesh Kumari
- Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Prashant Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Atma Ram Sanatan Dharma College, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Delhi- NCR Campus, Delhi-Merrut Road, Modinagar, Ghaziabad, UP, India
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Madagalam M, Bartoli M, Tagliaferro A. A Short Overview on Graphene and Graphene-Related Materials for Electrochemical Gas Sensing. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 17:303. [PMID: 38255471 PMCID: PMC10817420 DOI: 10.3390/ma17020303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
The development of new and high-performing electrode materials for sensing applications is one of the most intriguing and challenging research fields. There are several ways to approach this matter, but the use of nanostructured surfaces is among the most promising and highest performing. Graphene and graphene-related materials have contributed to spreading nanoscience across several fields in which the combination of morphological and electronic properties exploit their outstanding electrochemical properties. In this review, we discuss the use of graphene and graphene-like materials to produce gas sensors, highlighting the most relevant and new advancements in the field, with a particular focus on the interaction between the gases and the materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mallikarjun Madagalam
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Turin, Italy;
- National Interuniversity Consortium of Materials Science and Technology (INSTM), Via Giuseppe Giusti, 9, 50121 Florence, Italy
| | - Mattia Bartoli
- National Interuniversity Consortium of Materials Science and Technology (INSTM), Via Giuseppe Giusti, 9, 50121 Florence, Italy
- Center for Sustainable Future Technologies (CSFT), Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), Via Livorno 60, 10144 Turin, Italy
| | - Alberto Tagliaferro
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Turin, Italy;
- Faculty of Science, OntarioTech University, Simcoe Street North, Oshawa, ON L1G 0C5, Canada
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Ye X, Qi M, Qiang H, Chen M, Zheng X, Gu M, Zhao X, Yang Y, He C, Zhang J. Laser-ablated violet phosphorus/graphene heterojunction as ultrasensitive ppb-level room-temperature NO sensor. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2023.108199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
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Jafari B, Gholizadeh E. Multifunctional graphene-based optoelectronic structure based on a Fabry-Perot cavity enhanced by a metallic nanoantenna. APPLIED OPTICS 2022; 61:10658-10668. [PMID: 36606924 DOI: 10.1364/ao.471989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Optical communications systems are continuously miniaturized to integrate several previously separate optoelectronic devices, organized with silicon-based incorporated circuits, onto a distinct substrate. Modulators and photodetectors have essential roles in photonic systems and operate with different mechanisms. Integrating them into one device is complex and challenging, but these multifunctional devices have numerous advantages. This article uses a graphene/hBN-based structure to modulate, detect, and absorb any signal with the desired frequency in the THz range. The proposed system comprises one unpatterned graphene sheet embedded in bulk hBN with the periodic gold/palladium nanostructure beneath and below it. The perfect absorption, a modulation depth of 100%, and photodetection of more than 20 A/W at any desired frequency can be verified.
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Mehla R, Gaurav K, Srivastava A, Singh S. Suitability of chlorobenzene-based single-electron transistor as HCN, AsH 3, and COCl 2 sensor. J Mol Model 2022; 28:206. [PMID: 35781845 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-022-05195-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A density functional theory (DFT)-based first principle approach has been employed to investigate the suitability of chlorobenzene-based single-electron transistor (SET) for the detection of few toxic gases such as hydrogen cyanide, arsine, and phosgene. The adsorption aspect of toxic gas molecules on the chlorobenzene with different orientations has been analyzed. The attributes such as charge density, molecular energy spectrum, density of states, and Mulliken population have been computed to scrutinize the effect of gas molecules on the surface of chlorobenzene. The sensing mechanism of adsorbate (toxic gases) with the adsorbent (chlorobenzene) has been authenticated in a single-electron transistor (SET) environment through total energy vs. gate voltage plot and charge stability diagram. The recovery time of the chlorobenzene-based SET gas sensor on the adsorption of HCN, AsH3, and COCl2 has been computed as 1.93 ns, 0.45 ns, and 36.31 ns, respectively. Based on these findings, it is interesting to see that the COCl2 gas molecule shows strong physical adsorption with the most significant adsorption distance (3.629 Å) with chlorobenzene, while AsH3-adsorbed chlorobenzene SET displays a low recovery time in comparison with other considered gases. The present analysis confirms a significantly better range of detection and improved recovery time using chlorobenzene-based single-electron transistor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravi Mehla
- Advanced Materials Research Group, CNT Laboratory, ABV-Indian Institute of Information Technology and Management, Gwalior, M.P, 474010, India
| | - Kumar Gaurav
- Advanced Materials Research Group, CNT Laboratory, ABV-Indian Institute of Information Technology and Management, Gwalior, M.P, 474010, India
| | - Anurag Srivastava
- Advanced Materials Research Group, CNT Laboratory, ABV-Indian Institute of Information Technology and Management, Gwalior, M.P, 474010, India.
| | - Sukhbir Singh
- Advanced Materials Research Group, CNT Laboratory, ABV-Indian Institute of Information Technology and Management, Gwalior, M.P, 474010, India
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Mohajeri A, Mahmoudi Dehkohneh S. Application of chromium-silicon cluster for selective removal of arsenic and sulfide from wastewater. Mol Phys 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/00268976.2022.2050956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Afshan Mohajeri
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
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Wahyuningsih S, Ramelan AH, Pramono E, Nuryana HP, Mujahidin MMA, Munawaroh H, Hidayat R, Fadillah G. Transformation growth of nanoflower-like GO-ZnO as an active site platform for H2S sensors. Chem Phys Lett 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2022.139351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Sun S, Liu S, Yu F, Zhang J, Xing W, Yu S. High–Yield and High–Efficiency Conversion of Cyclohexanone Oxime to ε-Caprolactam in a Green and Facile Reaction Process over Deep Eutectic Solvents. Chem Eng Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2022.117519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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