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Ameliorative effects of endogenous and exogenous indole-3-acetic acid on atrazine stressed paddy field cyanobacterial biofertilizer Cylindrospermum stagnale. Sci Rep 2022; 12:11175. [PMID: 35778433 PMCID: PMC9249835 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-15415-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Across the world, paddy fields naturally harbour cyanobacteria that function as biofertilizers and secrete various compounds like Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) that help organisms in regulating their growth. Also, paddy field farming utilizes large amounts of pesticides (e.g. atrazine); but their continued application in the agricultural field causes toxicity in non-target cyanobacterial species that hinder their performance as a biofertilizer. Hence, the current study is an attempt to ameliorate the atrazine stress in cyanobacterium Cylindrospermum stagnale by addition of IAA (1 mM each) under different atrazine levels (0, 60, 80, 100, 120, 140 µg/l). Atrazine toxicity affected C. stagnale in a dose-dependent manner further experiments revealed that both the exogenous and endogenous IAA mitigated the detrimental effects of atrazine. It reduced MDA content and simultaneously increased chlorophyll content, total protein content, and multiple antioxidant enzyme activities [superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and ascorbate peroxidase (APX)] at 140 µg/l. A molecular docking study revealed that the pesticide binds to the D1 protein of the photoelectric chain in photosynthesis. Hence, the application of IAA or cyanobacterial biofertilizer that secretes a sufficient amount of IAA may assist sustainable agriculture in counteracting the atrazine toxicity.
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Zhang C, Xie M, Chen J, Zhang Y, Wei S, Ma X, Xiao L, Chen L. UV-B radiation induces DEHP degradation and their combined toxicological effects on Scenedesmus acuminatus. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2018; 203:172-178. [PMID: 30138801 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2018.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2018] [Revised: 08/13/2018] [Accepted: 08/13/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The co-contamination discharge of Phthalate esters (PAEs) by human activities and the increased UV radiation is increasing in aquatic ecosystems. However, little information is available about the combined detrimental effects of UV and PAEs on phytoplankton. In this study, the combined effects of UV-B irradiation and di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) on photosynthesis and antioxidant system of Scenedesmus acuminatus, and the DEHP degradation were investigated. Results showed that UV-B radiation decreased the chlorophyll a fluorescence yield, photosynthetic activity (Fv/Fm), pigment content and superoxide dismutase activity. This radiation also increased the reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and soluble protein and malondialdehyde contents. UV-B radiation with 10 mg L-1 DEHP improved the Fv/Fm and alleviated the cell damage of S. acuminatus, and the addition of high DEHP concentration (≥50 mg L-1) aggravated cell damage. The ROS generation also decreased with the increased DEHP concentration. UV-B radiation can effectively promote the DEHP degradation, with the highest degradation rate of 89.9% at an initial DEHP concentration of 10 mg L-1 within 6 h. This result may be attributed to that UV-B irradiance induced DEHP degradation under the regulation of ROS generated by S. acuminatus. Our findings will contribute to the understanding of the combined toxic mechanisms of UV-B and DEHP and in the evaluation of ecological environment risks for primary producers in aquatic ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Zhang
- College of Resource & Environmental Sciences, Hubei Key Laboratory of Biomass-Resources Chemistry and Environmental Biotechnology, Hubei Research Center of Environment Remediation Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430079, China
| | - Mu Xie
- College of Resource & Environmental Sciences, Hubei Key Laboratory of Biomass-Resources Chemistry and Environmental Biotechnology, Hubei Research Center of Environment Remediation Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430079, China
| | - Jing Chen
- Wuchang Environmental Protection Monitoring Station, No. 17, Gongping Road, Wuchang District, Wuhan, 430061, China
| | - Yurui Zhang
- College of Resource & Environmental Sciences, Hubei Key Laboratory of Biomass-Resources Chemistry and Environmental Biotechnology, Hubei Research Center of Environment Remediation Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430079, China
| | - Sijie Wei
- College of Resource & Environmental Sciences, Hubei Key Laboratory of Biomass-Resources Chemistry and Environmental Biotechnology, Hubei Research Center of Environment Remediation Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430079, China
| | - Xinyue Ma
- College of Resource & Environmental Sciences, Hubei Key Laboratory of Biomass-Resources Chemistry and Environmental Biotechnology, Hubei Research Center of Environment Remediation Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430079, China
| | - Ling Xiao
- College of Resource & Environmental Sciences, Hubei Key Laboratory of Biomass-Resources Chemistry and Environmental Biotechnology, Hubei Research Center of Environment Remediation Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430079, China
| | - Lanzhou Chen
- College of Resource & Environmental Sciences, Hubei Key Laboratory of Biomass-Resources Chemistry and Environmental Biotechnology, Hubei Research Center of Environment Remediation Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430079, China.
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Singh DP, Khattar JIS, Gupta M, Kaur G. Evaluation of toxicological impact of cartap hydrochloride on some physiological activities of a non-heterocystous cyanobacterium Leptolyngbya foveolarum. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2014; 110:63-70. [PMID: 24759053 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2014.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2013] [Revised: 02/08/2014] [Accepted: 03/05/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The present study was aimed to the evaluation of toxicological impact of insecticide cartap hydrochloride on photosynthesis and nitrogen assimilation of a non-heterocystous cyanoprokaryote Leptolyngbya foveolarum isolated from paddy fields of Punjab, India. The microorganism tolerated commercial grade insecticide up to 80 ppm. Lower concentration (20 ppm) of cartap supported good growth with high dry weight of biomass, total protein content, photosynthetic pigments, photosynthesis and respiration compared to untreated control cultures while higher concentrations (40 and 60 ppm) inhibited these parameters in a dose dependent manner. Treatment of the microorganism with 60 ppm cartap lowered the content of photosynthetic pigments with maximum inhibitory effect on phycoerythrin (70% decrease) followed by allophycocyanin (66% decrease). Rates of photosynthesis and respiration were inhibited by 63% and 45%, respectively, while PS-I, II and whole chain activity were decreased by 45%, 67% and 40% respectively, compared to untreated control cultures. Cartap at 60 ppm decreased nitrate and nitrite uptake by 31% and 61%, respectively, whereas uptake of ammonium was slightly increased (18%) in cartap (60 ppm) treated cells. Nitrate and nitrite reductase, and glutamine synthetase activities of the microorganism decreased by 36-50% in 60 ppm cartap. The low levels of growth, photosynthetic pigments and activities of nitrogen assimilating enzymes in cells grown in nitrogen depleted medium supplement with insecticide indicated that insecticide may be used by the organism as a nitrogen source.
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Affiliation(s)
- D P Singh
- Department of Botany, Punjabi University, Patiala 147002, India.
| | - J I S Khattar
- Department of Botany, Punjabi University, Patiala 147002, India
| | - Meenu Gupta
- Department of Botany, Punjabi University, Patiala 147002, India
| | - Gurdeep Kaur
- Department of Botany, Punjabi University, Patiala 147002, India
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Formánek P, Rejšek K, Vranová V. Effect of elevated CO2, O3, and UV radiation on soils. ScientificWorldJournal 2014; 2014:730149. [PMID: 24688424 PMCID: PMC3933551 DOI: 10.1155/2014/730149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2013] [Accepted: 12/29/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In this work, we have attempted to review the current knowledge on the impact of elevated CO2, O3, and UV on soils. Elevated CO2 increases labile and stabile soil C pool as well as efficiency of organic pollutants rhizoremediation and phytoextraction of heavy metals. Conversely, both elevated O3 and UV radiation decrease inputs of assimilates to the rhizosphere being accompanied by inhibitory effects on decomposition processes, rhizoremediation, and heavy metals phytoextraction efficiency. Contrary to elevated CO2, O3, or UV-B decreases soil microbial biomass, metabolisable C, and soil N t content leading to higher C/N of soil organic matter. Elevated UV-B radiation shifts soil microbial community and decreases populations of soil meso- and macrofauna via direct effect rather than by induced changes of litter quality and root exudation as in case of elevated CO2 or O3. CO2 enrichment or increased UV-B is hypothesised to stimulate or inhibit both plant and microbial competitiveness for soluble soil N, respectively, whereas O3 favours only microbial competitive efficiency. Understanding the consequences of elevated CO2, O3, and UV radiation for soils, especially those related to fertility, phytotoxins inputs, elements cycling, plant-microbe interactions, and decontamination of polluted sites, presents a knowledge gap for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavel Formánek
- Department of Geology and Soil Science, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 3, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Klement Rejšek
- Department of Geology and Soil Science, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 3, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Valerie Vranová
- Department of Geology and Soil Science, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 3, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic
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Deep PR, Bhattacharyya S, Nayak B. Cyanobacteria in wetlands of the industrialized Sambalpur District of India. AQUATIC BIOSYSTEMS 2013; 9:14. [PMID: 23845058 PMCID: PMC3735473 DOI: 10.1186/2046-9063-9-14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2012] [Accepted: 07/01/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cyanobacteria are common components of phytoplankton communities in most freshwater ecosystems. Proliferations of cyanobacteria are often caused by high nutrient loading, and as such can serve as indicators of declining water quality. Massive industrialization in developing countries, like India, has polluted fresh water bodies, including wetlands. Many industries directly discard their effluents to nearby water sources without treatment. In the Sambalpur District of India effluents reach the reservoir of the worlds largest earthen dam i.e Hirakud Dam. This study examines cyanobacteria communities in the wetlands of Sambalpur District, Odisha, India, including areas subjected to industrial pollution. RESULT & DISCUSSION The genera Anabaena, Oscillatoria, Chroococcus, Phormidium were dominant genera of polluted wetlands of Sambalpur districts. A positive correlation was found between total cyanobacterial species and dissolved oxygen levels, but cyanobacterial diversity was inversely related to BOD, COD, TSS, and TDS. High dissolved oxygen content was also associated with regions of lower cyanobacteria biomass. CONCLUSION Cyanobacterial abundance was positively correlated to content of oxidisable organic matter, but negatively correlated to species diversity. Lower dissolved oxygen was correlated to decreased diversity and increased dominance by Anabaena, Oscillatoria, Chroococcus, Phormidium species, observed in regions characterized by deteriorated water quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pratibha Rani Deep
- CyanoLab, School Of Life Sciences, Sambalpur University, Jyoti Vihar, Burla, Sambalpur, Odisha 768019, India
| | - Shantanu Bhattacharyya
- CyanoLab, School Of Life Sciences, Sambalpur University, Jyoti Vihar, Burla, Sambalpur, Odisha 768019, India
| | - Binata Nayak
- CyanoLab, School Of Life Sciences, Sambalpur University, Jyoti Vihar, Burla, Sambalpur, Odisha 768019, India
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Chen L, Xie M, Bi Y, Wang G, Deng S, Liu Y. The combined effects of UV-B radiation and herbicides on photosynthesis, antioxidant enzymes and DNA damage in two bloom-forming cyanobacteria. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2012; 80:224-30. [PMID: 22464588 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2012.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2012] [Revised: 02/13/2012] [Accepted: 03/09/2012] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we investigated the combined effects of UV-B irradiation and herbicides (glyphosate, GPS; 2-Methyl-4-chlorophenoxyacetic acid, MCPA-Na; 3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1,1-dimethylurea, DCMU) and the antioxidant (ascorbic acid, ASC) on photosynthesis, antioxidant enzymes and DNA damage in two bloom-forming cyanobacteria, Anabaena sp. and Microcystis viridis. UV-B irradiance increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, which decreased chlorophyll a fluorescence yield, pigment content and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, and increased malondialdehyde (MDA) content and caused serious DNA damage. The degree of these damages was aggravated by the addition of DCMU, GPS and MCPA, and was partially mitigated by the addition of ASC. During the recovery process, the degree and mechanism in restoring DNA damage and photosynthesis inhibition were different by the removal of UV-B and herbicides (DCMU, GPS and MCPA) in both cyanobacteria. These results suggest that the combination of UV-B and exogenous herbicides have detrimental effects on cyanobacterial metabolism through either a ROS-mediated process or by affecting the electron transport chain, and may cause the shifts in the phytoplankton community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lanzhou Chen
- School of Resource & Environmental Sciences, Hubei Key Laboratory of Biomass-Resources Chemistry and Environmantal Biotechnology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, PR China.
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