1
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Ni Y, Yang J, Pan J, Wu S, Zou J, Li J. Effects of enhanced biological phosphorus removal on rapid control of sludge bulking and fast formation of aerobic granular sludge. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2024; 402:130820. [PMID: 38729583 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2024.130820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of enhanced biological phosphorus removal (EBPR) on rapid sludge bulking control and fast aerobic granular sludge (AGS) formation by adding 20 % of EBPR activated sludge to the bulking activated sludge (BAS) reactor. The results indicate that activating EBPR activity swiftly improved BAS settleability within 16 days, thus resolving sludge bulking issues. Subsequently, a settling time-based selection was employed, resulting in the BAS granulation within another 16 days. The rapid achievement of EBPR activity improved the BAS settleability and facilitated the formation of sludge aggregates, thereby expediting BAS granulation. Inhibition of filamentous bacteria and enrichment of slow-growing organisms contributed to both sludge bulking control and aerobic granulation. Furthermore, the increase in proteins/polysaccharides ratio facilitated the granulation process. Additionally, total nitrogen removal increased from 59.4 % to 71.7 % because of the mature AGS formation. This study provided an approach to simultaneously control sludge bulking and promote aerobic granulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongjiong Ni
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology for Industrial Pollution Control of Zhejiang Province, College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Jiaqi Yang
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology for Industrial Pollution Control of Zhejiang Province, College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Jiyang Pan
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology for Industrial Pollution Control of Zhejiang Province, College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Shuyun Wu
- College of Geomatics and Municipal Engineering, Zhejiang University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Jinte Zou
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology for Industrial Pollution Control of Zhejiang Province, College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China; Shaoxing Research Institute, Zhejiang University of Technology, Shaoxing 312000, China.
| | - Jun Li
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology for Industrial Pollution Control of Zhejiang Province, College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
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Insel G, Yilmaz G, Hazi F, Artan N. Model-based evaluation of simultaneous nitrification and denitrification in aerobic granular sludge systems. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:124780-124789. [PMID: 36645591 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-25252-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
A lab-scale granular sludge sequencing batch reactor (G-SBR) system was operated using synthetic wastewater. The total nitrogen removal efficiency of 85% was obtained together with the achievement of complete total phosphorus removal with average granule diameter of 400 µm. Dual-step nitrification and denitrification model with fixed biofilm thickness was used for performance analysis. The denitrification mode only contributed to TN removal with 25% which can be calculated with process stoichiometry. The remaining nitrogen removal could be explained by simulating simultaneous nitrification and denitrification which was responsible for 75% denitrification during aerobic period. In addition, low NO3- concentration at the beginning of the fill period provided advantage for securing a prolonged anaerobic period for enhanced biological phosphorus removal (EBPR). The model parameters of boundary layer thickness (zBL = 50 µm) and half-saturation of O2 for nitrite-oxidizing bacteria (KO2,NOB = 0.5 gO2/m3) were tuned to fit NO2 and NO3 profiles in SBR cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Güçlü Insel
- Environmental Engineering Department, Istanbul Technical University, Maslak, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Gulsum Yilmaz
- Environmental Engineering Department, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Avcilar, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Ferenc Hazi
- Dynamita, 2015 Route d'Aiglun, Sigale, France
| | - Nazik Artan
- Environmental Engineering Department, Istanbul Technical University, Maslak, Istanbul, Turkey
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3
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Cheng L, Wei M, Hu Q, Li B, Li B, Wang W, Abudi ZN, Hu Z. Aerobic granular sludge formation and stability in enhanced biological phosphorus removal system under antibiotics pressure: Performance, granulation mechanism, and microbial successions. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 454:131472. [PMID: 37099906 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.131472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2022] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Wastewater containing antibiotics can pose a significant threat to biological wastewater treatment processes. This study investigated the establishment and stable operation of enhanced biological phosphorus removal (EBPR) by aerobic granular sludge (AGS) under mixed stress conditions induced by tetracycline (TC), sulfamethoxazole (SMX), ofloxacin (OFL), and roxithromycin (ROX). The results show that the AGS system was efficient in removing TP (98.0%), COD (96.1%), and NH4+-N (99.6%). The average removal efficiencies of the four antibiotics were 79.17% (TC), 70.86% (SMX), 25.73% (OFL), and 88.93% (ROX), respectively. The microorganisms in the AGS system secreted more polysaccharides, which contributed to the reactor's tolerance to antibiotics and facilitated granulation by enhancing the production of protein, particularly loosely bound protein. Illumina MiSeq sequencing revealed that putative phosphate accumulating organisms (PAOs)-related genera (Pseudomonas and Flavobacterium) were enormously beneficial to the mature AGS for TP removal. Based on the analysis of extracellular polymeric substances, extended Derjaguin-Landau-Verwey-Overbeek (XDLVO) theory, and microbial community, a three-stage granulation mechanism was proposed including adaption to the stress environment, formation of early aggregates and maturation of PAOs enriched microbial granules. Overall, the study demonstrated the stability of EBPR-AGS under mixed antibiotics pressure, providing insight into the granulation mechanism and the potential use of AGS for wastewater treatment containing antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Cheng
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Mingyu Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Qixing Hu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Bingtang Li
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Bo Li
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Wenjia Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Zaidun Naji Abudi
- Environmental Engineering Department, College of Engineering, Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad 999048, Iraq
| | - Zhiquan Hu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China.
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Wang S, Wang G, Yan P, Chen Y, Fang F, Guo J. Non-filamentous sludge bulking induced by exopolysaccharide variation in structure and properties during aerobic granulation. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 876:162786. [PMID: 36907402 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.162786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The forming mechanism of non-filamentous sludge bulking during aerobic granulation were investigated basing on three feeding strategies (R1 direct aeration after fast feeding, R2 anaerobic stirring after fast feeding and R3 anaerobic plug-flow slow feeding). Results showed that strong selection stress (shortening settling time) led to a sharp flocs washout and the subsequent increase of food to microorganisms (F/M) in R1 and R3 reactors, but not found in R2 due to the different strategies of feeding modes. With the increase of F/M, zeta potential and hydrophobicity of sludge surfaces significantly decreased and thus leading to an enhanced repulsive force and energy barriers for sludge aggregation. Particularly, when F/M exceeded 1.2 kgCOD/(kgMLSS·d), non-filamentous sludge bulking was ultimately triggered in R1 and R3. Further analysis showed that massive extracellular exopolysaccharide (PS) accumulated on the surfaces of non-filamentous bulking sludge due to the increased abundance of the microorganisms related to PS secretion during sludge bulking. In addition, significantly increased intracellular second messenger (c-di-GMP), a key substance regulating PS biosynthesis, was confirmed via its concentration determination as well as microbial function prediction analysis, which played a critical role in sludge bulking. Combing with the systematic detection from surface plasmon resonance system, rheometer and size-exclusion chromatography-multiangle laser light detection-refractive index system, higher molecular weight, compact conformation, higher viscosity and higher hydrophilicity was determined in sludge bulking PS relative to PS extracted from non-filamentous bulking sludge. Clearly, the changes of PS (content, structures and properties) driven by c-di-GMP are the dominant mechanism for the formation of non-filamentous sludge bulking during aerobic granulation. This work could provide theoretical support for successful start-up and application of aerobic granular sludge technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Wang
- College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China; College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Gonglei Wang
- College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China
| | - Peng Yan
- College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China
| | - Youpeng Chen
- College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China
| | - Fang Fang
- College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China.
| | - Jinsong Guo
- College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China
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Li D, Guo W, Liang D, Zhang J, Li J, Li P, Wu Y, Bian X, Ding F. Rapid start-up and advanced nutrient removal of simultaneous nitrification, endogenous denitrification and phosphorus removal aerobic granular sequence batch reactor for treating low C/N domestic wastewater. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 212:113464. [PMID: 35623442 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.113464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 04/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The rapid start-up and advanced nutrient removal of simultaneous nitrification, endogenous denitrification, and phosphorus (P) removal aerobic granular sequence batch reactor (SNEDPR-AGSBR) is a challenge in the treatment of low carbon/nitrogen (C/N) domestic sewage. In this study, the feasibility of the SNEDPR-AGSBR process was examined in an exceedingly single-stage anaerobic/aerobic/anoxic sequencing batch reactor for treating low C/N ratio (3.3-5.0) domestic sewage. The initial results showed that accompanied by the rapid formation of the mature aerobic granular sludge based on the selection for slow-growing organisms, the rapid start-up (38 d) of the SNEDPR-AGSBR process was successfully realized. The formed mature aerobic granules had a dense structure with an average diameter of 667.7 μm and SVI30 of 30.0 mL/g. Two conditions for achieving the competitive balance between phosphorus-accumulating organisms/denitrifying phosphorus-accumulating organisms (PAOs/DPAOs) and glycogen accumulating organisms/denitrifying glycogen accumulating organisms (GAOs/DGAOs) were revealed by the long-term operation results. First, the dissolved oxygen (DO) concentration needed to be decreased to 3.0 mg/L in the aerobic phase, and then, the aerobic and anoxic phase hydraulic retention time (HRT) should be increased to 3.0 h. Notably, high removal efficiencies for NH4+-N (100%), total nitrogen (84.3%), and P (91.8%) of the SNEDPR-AGSBR process were stably obtained with a low C/N ratio of 3.9 domestic sewage. Simultaneous nitrification and endogenous denitrification (SNED) efficiency of 61.6% was achieved during a long-term operation of 142 days. Finally, microbial community analysis confirmed that GAOs (Defluviicoccus)/DGAOs (Candidatus_Competibacter) were responsible for the removal N, and PAOs (Acinetobacter, Candidatus_Accumulibacter, Hypomicrobinm)/DPAOs (Pseudomonas and Dechloromonas) ensured P removal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongyue Li
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, China
| | - Wei Guo
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, China
| | - Dongbo Liang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, China.
| | - Jun Li
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, China.
| | - Peilin Li
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, China
| | - Yaodong Wu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, China
| | - Xueying Bian
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, China
| | - Fan Ding
- SDIC Xinkai Water Environment Investment Co., Ltd, Beijing, 101100, China
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Deng L, Peng Y, Wu C, Gao R, Li W, Kao C, Li J. Mutual boost of granulation and enrichment of anammox bacteria in an anaerobic/oxic/anoxic system as the temperature decreases when treating municipal wastewater. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 357:127336. [PMID: 35618188 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.127336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Revised: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Low temperature is an important factor affecting the municipal wastewater treatment systems. The aim of this study was tracking the variations in the abundance of anammox bacteria (AnAOB) and the sludge form as the temperature decreased. Mutual boost of granulation and enrichment of AnAOB was achieved even though the temperature dropped from 20.4 °C to 12.9 °C. The average particle size of the sludge increased from 128.5 μm to 245.6 μm. With low dissolved oxygen (DO) aeration (0.2-0.5 mg/L) and short oxic hydraulic retention time (HRT) (5 h), nitritation in the anaerobic/oxic/anoxic (AOA) system was stable enough to provide NO2- for AnAOB. Ca. Brocadia, a type of typical AnAOB, was enriched from 0.03% to 0.24% in the suspended sludge and reached 16.09% in the granular sludge. Overall, this study presents the prospects of anammox and granule technologies when treating municipal wastewater at a low temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyan Deng
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China; College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Yongzhen Peng
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Changyong Wu
- Research Center of Environmental Pollution Control Technology, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Ruitao Gao
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Wenyu Li
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Chengkun Kao
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Jianwei Li
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China.
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7
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Ahmad A. The impacts of calcium oxide nanoparticles on the anaerobic granule formation: CO 2 sequestration and dosing. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:53087-53096. [PMID: 34021456 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-14476-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Lab experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of calcium oxide nanoparticles (CaO NPs) dosing on granule formation, granule development, and carbon oxide sequestration. The results showed that dosing CaO NPs adversely affected granulation due to the formation of precipitates and hydrolyzates with poor settleability. However, the optimal dosage of CaO NPs 4.5 g/l could benefit granule formation and stability by improving the embedded extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) and physical adhesion aggregation leads for CO2 sequestration. The network of granules like Methanosarcina and in pore size 0.55 mm obtained in the reactor was 6.25 mm in average diameter, had a wet density 46 cm2, sludge volume index 0.935 ml/g, and CO2 sequestration 96.7% at 4.5 g/l CaO NP. The proposed study can provide a good prediction for the growth of granules stable texture in regular, dense, rigid, upper part smooth with below surface rough and granule yield showed CH4 production 4.6 m3/d and CO2 sequestration 4.75 l/gVS granules (w/v) granules. This study is a useful tool for studying the growth of granule growth characteristics and the mechanism of anaerobic granules for CO2 sequestration from wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anwar Ahmad
- Civil and Environmental Engineering Department, College of Engineering and Architecture, University of Nizwa, PO 33 Postal code 616, Muscat, Sultanate of Oman.
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8
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Zou J, Yu F, Pan J, Pan B, Wu S, Qian M, Li J. Rapid start-up of an aerobic granular sludge system for nitrogen and phosphorus removal through seeding chitosan-based sludge aggregates. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 762:144171. [PMID: 33360471 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.144171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Revised: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
This study presents a novel strategy to accelerate the start-up of aerobic granular sludge (AGS) system and ensure the nutrient removal during cultivation. This new method consists of preparing the chitosan-based sludge aggregates outside the reactor and then seeding the reactor with such sludge aggregates. To prepare chitosan-based sludge aggregates, chitosan was dissolved in acetic acid solution acting as a cationic flocculant to bind negatively charged sludge together, and then the dissolved chitosan was in situ precipitated by readjusting pH to form stable sludge aggregates. The chitosan-induced charge neutralization and water-insolubility of chitosan were the two main reasons for the super-rapid formation of chitosan-based sludge aggregates. The as-prepared chitosan-based sludge aggregates had a much lower sludge volume index at 30 min (SVI30) (90.1 mL/g) than the original sludge (SVI30 = 328.0 mL/g). They also had some AGS-like characteristics such as large particle size (1300 μm) and fast settling velocity (23.8 m/h). Consequently, short settling time can be achieved and excessive biomass wash-out can be avoided in the rapid start-up of AGS system with chitosan-based sludge aggregates as inoculant, which was beneficial to accelerating sludge granulation while maintaining nutrient removal. Additionally, the abundances of filamentous bacteria and Candidatus Accumulibacter and the content of extracellular polymeric substances increased during cultivation, which could also contribute to the AGS formation. By seeding chitosan-based sludge aggregates in the anaerobic/oxic sequencing batch reactor, complete granulation was rapidly achieved in 10 days, and good removals of nitrogen and phosphorus was obtained after 14-18 days of cultivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinte Zou
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology for Industrial Pollution Control of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China; College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Fengfan Yu
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology for Industrial Pollution Control of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China; College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Jiyang Pan
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology for Industrial Pollution Control of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China; College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Bingjun Pan
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology for Industrial Pollution Control of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China; College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Shuyun Wu
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology for Industrial Pollution Control of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China; College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Mengjie Qian
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology for Industrial Pollution Control of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China; College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Jun Li
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology for Industrial Pollution Control of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China; College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China.
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Wang H, Li B, Li Y, Chen X, Li X, Xia K, Wang Y. Sludge ratio affects the start-up performance and functional bacteria distribution of a hybrid CANON system. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 264:128476. [PMID: 33070062 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.128476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Revised: 09/13/2020] [Accepted: 09/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
To investigate the effect of sludge ratio on the hybrid CANON system, autotrophic nitrogen removal sludge was inoculated with different granule/floc ratios to initiate the CANON system, and maintained the sludge ratio during the operation process. The start-up performances were compared, and the distribution characteristics of functional bacteria were investigated. The results show that the Equivalent system (granules:flocs = 1:1-1:1.5) successfully started-up on day 19, and the nitrogen removal rate (NRR) reached 0.299 kgN m-3·d-1 on day 63. At the same time, it was less affected by the load shock than High-granules and High-flocs systems. Therefore, the Equivalent system had the strongest start-up performance. The activities of the functional bacteria conformed to spatial heterogeneity, unlike the abundance. With the increased floc proportion, the difference in the activity and abundance of anaerobic ammonium-oxidizing bacteria (AAOB) between the granules and flocs increased, while there was a decrease in the difference in aerobic ammonium-oxidizing bacteria (AOB). However, the abundance of Nitrosomonas in the granules was higher than in the flocs when the proportion of flocs was higher than 50%. This study provides new ideas and insights for the fast start-up of the CANON system and can conform to the varying needs of engineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heng Wang
- School of Resource and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China
| | - Bolin Li
- School of Resource and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China.
| | - Ye Li
- School of Resource and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China
| | - Xiaoguo Chen
- School of Resource and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China
| | - Xiang Li
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215009, China
| | - Kai Xia
- School of Resource and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China
| | - Yue Wang
- School of Resource and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China
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10
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Lin H, Ma R, Lin J, Sun S, Liu X, Zhang P. Positive effects of zeolite powder on aerobic granulation: Nitrogen and phosphorus removal and insights into the interaction mechanisms. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2020; 191:110098. [PMID: 32861725 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2020.110098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2020] [Revised: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Aerobic granular sludge is considered one of the most promising biological wastewater treatment technologies of the 21st century. However, the long granulation time and poor treatment effect on N and P have severely limited its popularity and large-scale application. In this study, we systematically examine the strengthening effects of zeolite powder on granulation, N and P removal, and their interaction mechanisms. The addition of zeolite powder decreased sludge granulation time to 18 d, and improved average N and P removal rates by 4.48% and 2.22%, respectively. The multi-pore and nutrient-rich environment of the zeolite powder is beneficial for maintaining microbial activity and granular stability. Moreover, its adsorption to N and P enriches their respective removal strains, improving their removal efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huihua Lin
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Rui Ma
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Junhao Lin
- School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China
| | - Shichang Sun
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China; Research Center for Water Science and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, 518055, China.
| | - Xiangli Liu
- Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory of Aerospace Detection and Imaging, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Peixin Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
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12
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Liang J, Wang Q, Li QX, Jiang L, Kong J, Ke M, Arslan M, Gamal El-Din M, Chen C. Aerobic sludge granulation in shale gas flowback water treatment: Assessment of the bacterial community dynamics and modeling of bioreactor performance using artificial neural network. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 313:123687. [PMID: 32574748 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.123687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Revised: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Flowback water from shale gas extraction is highly saline and comprises complex organic substances, thereby posing a significant challenge for the environmental management of the unconventional natural gas industry. In this work, an aerobic granular sludge (AGS) method was successfully used for the treatment of flowback water from shale gas extraction. The formed AGS had a diameter of 0.25-2.0 mm and the total sludge volume index was 23.40 mL g-1. The AGS efficiently removed COD, NH4+-N and TN by 70.1%, 92.1%, and 59.2%, respectively. The bacterial communities responsible for the removal of nitrogen and degradation of organics were enriched in AGS. The dynamics of contaminant removal was further explained with a three-layered artificial neural network model. The results showed that the initial concentration of COD, TDS, NH4+-N and TN governed the contaminants' removal. As for operating parameters, aerating time showed a strong effect on NH4+-N and TN removal, whereas settling time impacted the COD removal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahao Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Pollution Control, China University of Petroleum-Beijing, Beijing 102249, China
| | - Qinghong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Pollution Control, China University of Petroleum-Beijing, Beijing 102249, China
| | - Qing X Li
- Department of Molecular Biosciences and Bioengineering, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, United States
| | - Liangyan Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Pollution Control, China University of Petroleum-Beijing, Beijing 102249, China
| | - Jiawen Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Pollution Control, China University of Petroleum-Beijing, Beijing 102249, China
| | - Ming Ke
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Pollution Control, China University of Petroleum-Beijing, Beijing 102249, China
| | - Muhammad Arslan
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 1H9, Canada
| | - Mohamed Gamal El-Din
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 1H9, Canada
| | - Chunmao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Pollution Control, China University of Petroleum-Beijing, Beijing 102249, China.
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13
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Brindhadevi K, LewisOscar F, Mylonakis E, Shanmugam S, Verma TN, Pugazhendhi A. Biofilm and Quorum sensing mediated pathogenicity in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Process Biochem 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2020.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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14
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Feng Y, Wang Q, Duan JL, Li XY, Ma JY, Wu L, Han Y, Liu XY, Zhang YB, Yuan XZ. Attachment and adhesion force between biogas bubbles and anaerobic granular sludge in the up-flow anaerobic sludge blanket. WATER RESEARCH 2020; 171:115458. [PMID: 31931378 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2019.115458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Revised: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 12/30/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The performance of the up-flow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) is significantly governed by the hydrodynamics of the reactor. Though the influence of hydrodynamics on mass transfer, granular size distribution, and biogas production was well studied, the interaction between biogas bubbles and anaerobic granular sludge (AGS) is poorly understood. This study used the impinging-jet technique and bubble probe atomic force microscope (AFM) to investigate the attachment and adhesion force between biogas bubbles (CH4 and CO2) and AGS. The fluxes of normalized CH4 or CO2 bubble-attachment on two kinds of AGS were directly affected by gas velocity and decreased with an increase in the Reynolds number ranged from 40 to 140. The bubble-attachment had a positive linear relationship with the contact angles, ratio of exopolymeric protein and polysaccharide, and hydrophilic functional groups of AGS. A bubble probe AFM was used to explore the adhesion force between a single bubble and AGS. The results indicated that the adhesion force between the bubbles and the two kinds of AGS also decreased with increasing approach velocity. Overall, these results contribute to a new insight into the understanding of interaction between biogas bubbles and AGS in UASB reactors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Feng
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong, 266237, PR China
| | - Qian Wang
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong, 266237, PR China
| | - Jian-Lu Duan
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong, 266237, PR China
| | - Xiang-Yu Li
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong, 266237, PR China
| | - Jing-Ya Ma
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong, 266237, PR China
| | - Lei Wu
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong, 266237, PR China
| | - Yi Han
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong, 266237, PR China
| | - Xiao-Yu Liu
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong, 266237, PR China
| | - Yi-Bing Zhang
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong, 266237, PR China
| | - Xian-Zheng Yuan
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong, 266237, PR China.
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15
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Yuan Q, Gong H, Xi H, Xu H, Jin Z, Ali N, Wang K. Strategies to improve aerobic granular sludge stability and nitrogen removal based on feeding mode and substrate. J Environ Sci (China) 2019; 84:144-154. [PMID: 31284906 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2019.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2019] [Revised: 04/08/2019] [Accepted: 04/09/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
A systemic strategy was proposed to improve aerobic granular sludge (AGS) stability and nitrogen (N) removal efficiency by optimizing feeding mode and substrate aiming at complicated wastewater characteristics. Key functional groups at the genus level identified by high-throughput sequencing were evaluated as well. The results showed that anaerobic feeding mode and acetate promoted the compact AGS formation with excellent total nitrogen (TN) removal efficiency (averaging 91.7% ± 4.1%) at various dissolved oxygen conditions. While the aerobic feeding mode led to a loose AGS structure with a vulnerable anaerobic core and poor TN removal efficiency (averaging 58.8% ± 7.4%). Simultaneous nitrification and denitrification process played the dominant role in N removal in compact AGS over the alternating nitrification and denitrification process. High-concentration glucose undermined feast-famine condition with filamentous bacteria growth out of granule and decreased TN removal efficiency to 67.3% ± 15.2%. Lower food to microorganism ratio may result in a lower N removal rate attributed to the sharply increased biomass concentration fed by glucose. Ammonia-oxidizing bacteria, nitrite-oxidizing bacteria, denitrifying bacteria, and denitrifying phosphorus accumulation organisms enriched during AGS granulation also contributed to the efficient N removal. The proposed strategy provided insights into the relationship between various factors and stable AGS formation, and systemic operation methods for various complicated wastewater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quan Yuan
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Hui Gong
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China..
| | - Hao Xi
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Heng Xu
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Zhengyu Jin
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Nasir Ali
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Kaijun Wang
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China..
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16
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Influence of the Hybrid Sewage Treatment Plant’s Exploitation on Its Operation Effectiveness in Rural Areas. SUSTAINABILITY 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/su10082689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The article evaluates the effectiveness of the removal of organic pollutants—nitrogen and phosphorus—from household sewage in a hybrid bioreactor with a submerged fixed bed. The experiment was carried out in two exploitation variants that were both conducted in a laboratory model of the hybrid bioreactor: (I) cycles of 120 min of aeration and 60 min of no aeration with a constant sewage dosage, and (II) cycles 60 min of aeration and 60 min of no aeration, with a periodic sewage dosage in the no-aeration phase. The experiment was carried out on real sewage primarily treated in a septic tank. The amount of pollution removal was calculated and compared with the mandatory standards according to Polish law. Moreover, the susceptibility of the sewage to the biological treatment, nitrification, and denitrification activity was determined. The research shows a higher effectiveness for the 60/60 model in comparison to the 120/60 model. High operation efficiency was observed regarding the removal of organic pollution and nitrate nitrogen. The tested structure showed very low nitrification activity combined with intense denitrification. These processes were observed in the 60/60 variant. The structure was often overloaded with the nitrate nitrogen, which was considered to be the nitrification process inhibitor. It was suggested that phosphorus was also removed by the denitrifying bacteria.
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17
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Ahmad JSM, Cai W, Zhao Z, Zhang Z, Shimizu K, Lei Z, Lee DJ. Stability of algal-bacterial granules in continuous-flow reactors to treat varying strength domestic wastewater. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2017; 244:225-233. [PMID: 28779675 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.07.134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2017] [Revised: 07/21/2017] [Accepted: 07/23/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Stability of algal-bacterial granules was investigated in two continuous-flow systems to treat synthetic domestic wastewater using single (R1) and series (R2=R2-1+R2-2 with automatically internal recirculation) reactors by seeding 50% (w/w) algal-bacterial granules. Almost similar organics and phosphorus removal efficiencies were obtained from the two systems, with no significant difference found for each between the designed two operation stages. However, R2 exhibited superior performance on total nitrogen (TN) removal (76%). When double increased strength influent fed to R1, R1 achieved better denitrification with TN removal increased from 29% to 80%, possibly due to the increased influent organics concentration favored the denitrification process. Most importantly, the two systems well maintained their granular stability, and all granules became algal-bacterial ones with very little change detected in algae content in granules after 120days' operation. At last, the mechanisms were proposed regarding the formation and enhanced stability of new algal-bacterial granules in continuous-flow reactors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johan Syafri Mahathir Ahmad
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8572, Japan; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Jl. Grafika No. 2 Kampus UGM, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia
| | - Wei Cai
- College of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Ziwen Zhao
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8572, Japan
| | - Zhenya Zhang
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8572, Japan
| | - Kazuya Shimizu
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8572, Japan
| | - Zhongfang Lei
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8572, Japan.
| | - Duu-Jong Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
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18
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Zhang J, Zhang Q, Li X, Miao Y, Sun Y, Zhang M, Peng Y. Rapid start-up of partial nitritation and simultaneously phosphorus removal (PNSPR) granular sludge reactor treating low-strength domestic sewage. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2017; 243:660-666. [PMID: 28709071 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.06.129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2017] [Revised: 06/20/2017] [Accepted: 06/22/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Obtaining desirable partial nitritation (PN) is crucial for successful application of the combined PN and anammox process. In this study, the partial nitritation and simultaneously phosphorus removal (PNSPR)1 granular sludge reactor treating low-strength domestic sewage was rapidly started up in 67days through seeding denitrifying phosphorus removal (DPR)2 sludge. The nitrite/ammonium ratio in effluent was approximately 1 and the nitrite accumulation rate (NAR) was more than 95%, about 93% of orthophosphate was removed. The DPR sludge rich in phosphate accumulating organisms (PAOs) with few nitrifying bacteria could promote the achievement of PNSPR. Quantitative microbial analysis showed that the ammonium oxidizing bacteria (AOB) gene ratio in sludge increased from 0.21% to 3.43%, while nitrite oxidizing bacteria (NOB) gradually decreased to 0.07%. The average particle size of sludge increased from 114 to 421μm, indicating the formation of PNSPR granules. The high phosphorus content in sludge and phosphorus removal facilitated rapid granulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianhua Zhang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Key Laboratory of Beijing for Water Quality Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, PR China
| | - Qiong Zhang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Key Laboratory of Beijing for Water Quality Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, PR China
| | - Xiyao Li
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Key Laboratory of Beijing for Water Quality Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, PR China
| | - Yuanyuan Miao
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Key Laboratory of Beijing for Water Quality Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, PR China
| | - Yawen Sun
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Key Laboratory of Beijing for Water Quality Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, PR China
| | - Miao Zhang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Key Laboratory of Beijing for Water Quality Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, PR China
| | - Yongzhen Peng
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Key Laboratory of Beijing for Water Quality Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, PR China.
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19
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Tao J, Qin L, Liu X, Li B, Chen J, You J, Shen Y, Chen X. Effect of granular activated carbon on the aerobic granulation of sludge and its mechanism. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2017; 236:60-67. [PMID: 28390278 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.03.106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2017] [Revised: 03/12/2017] [Accepted: 03/17/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The granulation of activated sludge and effect of granular activated carbon (GAC) was investigated under the alternative anaerobic and aerobic conditions. The results showed that GAC accelerated the granulation, but had no obvious effect on the bacterial community structure of granules. The whole granulation process could be categorized into three phases, i.e. lag, granulation and granule maturation phase. During lag period GAC provided nuclei for sludge to attach, and thus enhanced the morphological regularization of sludge. During granulation period the granule size increased significantly due to the growth of bacteria in granules. GAC reduced the compression caused by the inter-particle collisions and thus accelerate the granulation. GAC has no negative effect on the performance of SBR, and thus efficient simultaneous removal of COD, nitrogen and phosphorus were obtained during most of the operating time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Tao
- School of Resource and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Lian Qin
- School of Resource and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Xiaoying Liu
- School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Bolin Li
- School of Resource and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Junnan Chen
- School of Resource and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Juan You
- School of Resource and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Yitian Shen
- School of Resource and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Xiaoguo Chen
- School of Resource and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources Processing and Environment, Wuhan 430070, China.
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20
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Wang F, Zhang C, Huo S. Influence of fluid dynamics on anaerobic digestion of food waste for biogas production. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2017; 38:1160-1168. [PMID: 27533260 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2016.1220429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
To enhance the stability and efficiency of an anaerobic process, the influences of fluid dynamics on the performance of anaerobic digestion and sludge granulation were investigated using computational fluid dynamics (CFD). Four different propeller speeds (20, 60, 100, 140 r/min) were adopted for anaerobic digestion of food waste in a 30 L continuously stirred tank reactor (CSTR). Experimental results indicated that the methane yield increased with increasing the propeller speed within the experimental range. Results from CFD simulation and sludge granulation showed that the optimum propeller speed for anaerobic digestion was 100 r/min. Lower propeller speed (20 r/min) inhibited mass transfer and resulted in the failure of anaerobic digestion, while higher propeller speed (140 r/min) would lead to higher energy loss and system instability. Under this condition, anaerobic digestion could work effectively with higher efficiency of mass transfer which facilitated sludge granulation and biogas production. The corresponding mean liquid velocity and shear strain rate were 0.082 m/s and 10.48 s-1, respectively. Moreover, compact granular sludge could be formed, with lower energy consumption. CFD was successfully used to study the influence of fluid dynamics on the anaerobic digestion process. The key parameters of the optimum mixing condition for anaerobic digestion of food waste in a 30 L CSTR including liquid velocity and shear strain rate were obtained using CFD, which were of paramount significance for the scale-up of the bioreactor. This study provided a new way for the optimization and scale-up of the anaerobic digestion process in CSTR based on the fluid dynamics analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengping Wang
- a College of Pharmacy , Hebei North University , Zhangjiakou , People's Republic of China
| | - Cunsheng Zhang
- b School of Food and Biological Engineering , Jiangsu University , Zhenjiang , People's Republic of China
| | - Shuhao Huo
- b School of Food and Biological Engineering , Jiangsu University , Zhenjiang , People's Republic of China
- c Key Laboratory of Development and Application of Rural Renewable Energy , Ministry of Agriculture , Chengdu , People's Republic of China
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21
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Qi C, Wang J, Lin Y. New insight into influence of mechanical stirring on membrane fouling of membrane bioreactor: Mixed liquor properties and hydrodynamic conditions. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2016; 211:654-663. [PMID: 27058400 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2016.03.143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2016] [Revised: 03/25/2016] [Accepted: 03/26/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Although membrane bioreactor is widely used in wastewater treatment, the problem of membrane fouling remains to be resolved. This paper focused on the influence of mechanical stirring on membrane fouling. Ammonium removal decreased with viscous bulking when stirring rates slowed down. Trans-membrane pressure increased more rapidly when the stirring rate decreased. The resistance of the gel layer increased significantly under low stirring rates, which indicated that the fouling rates of MBR in different stages were attributed to gel layer variation. The proportion of small particles increased when stirring rates slowed down. Furthermore, 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing showed that Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria were dominant in the mixed liquor. The relative abundance of Actinobacteria increased from 41% to 50% in the entire experiment. The computational fluid dynamics model was used to simulate the fluid flow characteristics. The model indicated velocities and directions of the fluid flow changes with different stirring rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse & School of the Environment Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Jinnan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse & School of the Environment Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China; Yancheng Institute of Environmental Technology and Engineering of Nanjing University, Yancheng, China.
| | - Yaohua Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse & School of the Environment Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
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22
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Zou J, Li Y, Zhang L, Wang R, Sun J. Understanding the impact of influent nitrogen concentration on granule size and microbial community in a granule-based enhanced biological phosphorus removal system. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2015; 177:209-216. [PMID: 25496940 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2014.11.093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2014] [Revised: 11/20/2014] [Accepted: 11/21/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
To better understand the effect of influent nitrogen concentration on granule size and microbial community in a granule-based enhanced biological phosphorus removal system, three influent nitrogen concentrations were tested while carbon concentration was an unlimited factor. The results show that although ammonium and phosphate were well removed in the tested nitrogen concentration range (20-50 mg L(-1)), granule size, the amount of phosphate accumulating organisms (PAOs) and microbial activity were affected significantly. A possible mechanism for the effect of influent nitrogen concentration on granule size is proposed based on the experimental results. The increase in proteins/polysaccharides ratio caused by high influent nitrogen concentration plays a crucial role in granule breakage. The small granule size then weakens simultaneous nitrification-denitrification, which further causes higher nitrate concentration in the effluent and lower amount of PAOs in sludge. Consequently, phosphate concentration in the anaerobic phase decreases, which plays the secondary role in granule breakage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinte Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongmei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, People's Republic of China; UNEP-Tongji Institute of Environment for Sustainable Development, Shanghai 200092, People's Republic of China.
| | - Lili Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruyi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, People's Republic of China
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23
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Comparison of Mg2+- and Ca2+-enhancing anaerobic granulation in an expanded granular sludge-bed reactor. Sci China Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s11426-014-5197-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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24
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Krasowska A, Sigler K. How microorganisms use hydrophobicity and what does this mean for human needs? Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2014; 4:112. [PMID: 25191645 PMCID: PMC4137226 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2014.00112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 306] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2014] [Accepted: 07/29/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell surface hydrophobicity (CSH) plays a crucial role in the attachment to, or detachment from the surfaces. The influence of CSH on adhesion of microorganisms to biotic and abiotic surfaces in medicine as well as in bioremediation and fermentation industry has both negative and positive aspects. Hydrophobic microorganisms cause the damage of surfaces by biofilm formation; on the other hand, they can readily accumulate on organic pollutants and decompose them. Hydrophilic microorganisms also play a considerable role in removing organic wastes from the environment because of their high resistance to hydrophobic chemicals. Despite the many studies on the environmental and metabolic factors affecting CSH, the knowledge of this subject is still scanty and is in most cases limited to observing the impact of hydrophobicity on adhesion, aggregation or flocculation. The future of research seems to lie in finding a way to managing the microbial adhesion process, perhaps by steering cell hydrophobicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Krasowska
- Department of Biotransformation, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wroclaw Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Karel Sigler
- Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Microbiology, Czech Academy of Sciences Prague, Czech Republic
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25
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Zhou D, Niu S, Xiong Y, Yang Y, Dong S. Microbial selection pressure is not a prerequisite for granulation: dynamic granulation and microbial community study in a complete mixing bioreactor. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2014; 161:102-108. [PMID: 24690580 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2014.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2014] [Revised: 02/27/2014] [Accepted: 03/01/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Microbial selection pressure is traditionally supposed as a prerequisite for aerobic granulation. This work gives a different insight on this issue. Fluorescent microspheres were used to label the flocculent biomass granulation for a period of 47days in a continuous-flow bioreactor. Analysis of the distribution of fluorescent microspheres in granules revealed that the terminal phase of granulation is in a dynamic steady state, where bioflocs detach, collide and aggregate randomly. This revealed that the un-granulated biomass was the result of the dynamic aggregation and breakage, rather than the microbial species unable to be granulated. Furthermore, denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) profile and UPGMA dendrogram results showed similar microbial communities during the granulation. To sum up, microbial selection pressure was not a prerequisite for aerobic granulation from both of the dynamic granulation steps and molecular biology aspects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Zhou
- Key Lab of Groundwater Resources and Environment, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Shu Niu
- Key Lab of Groundwater Resources and Environment, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Yongjiao Xiong
- Key Lab of Groundwater Resources and Environment, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Key Lab of Groundwater Resources and Environment, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Shuangshi Dong
- Key Lab of Groundwater Resources and Environment, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China.
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26
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Li Y, Zou J, Zhang L, Sun J. Aerobic granular sludge for simultaneous accumulation of mineral phosphorus and removal of nitrogen via nitrite in wastewater. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2014; 154:178-184. [PMID: 24388958 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2013.12.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2013] [Revised: 12/03/2013] [Accepted: 12/08/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Lab-scale experiments were conducted to investigate the aerobic granular sludge process for simultaneous phosphorus (P) accumulation by chemical precipitation and biological nitrogen removal via nitrite. The P-rich granules were successfully incubated in a sequencing batch reactor, in which simultaneous nitrification-denitrification occurred via nitrite. The average diameter of the P-rich granules was 2.47 mm and the P content in granules was much higher than that in other granular systems with enhanced biological phosphorus removal process. Filamentous bacteria (genus Thiothrix) in the granules and the long sludge retention time (30 d) of the granular system played a crucial role in accumulation of precipitated phosphate. X-ray diffraction analysis, scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy dispersive X-ray and the experimental design using response surface methodology confirmed that the main mineral patterns in P-rich granules were Ca-Mg phosphate and whitlockite.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongmei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, People's Republic of China; College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, People's Republic of China; UNEP-Tongji Institute of Environment for Sustainable Development, Shanghai 200092, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jinte Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, People's Republic of China; College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, People's Republic of China
| | - Lili Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, People's Republic of China; College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, People's Republic of China; College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, People's Republic of China
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27
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Zheng X, Sun P, Lou J, Cai J, Song Y, Yu S, Lu X. Inhibition of free ammonia to the granule-based enhanced biological phosphorus removal system and the recoverability. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2013; 148:343-351. [PMID: 24055976 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2013.08.100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2013] [Revised: 08/14/2013] [Accepted: 08/17/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The inhibition of free ammonia (FA) to the granule-based enhanced biological phosphorus removal (EBPR) system and the recoverability from macro- to micro-scale were investigated in this study. FA was found to seriously deteriorate the EBPR performance and sludge characteristic (settleability and morphology). The FA inhibitory threshold of 17.76 mg NL(-1) was established. Acclimation phenomenon took place when poly-phosphate accumulating organisms (PAOs) were exposed for long time to constant FA concentration (8.88 mg NL(-1)). The repressed polysaccharides excretion could lead to breaking the stability and integrity of the granules. Therefore, the reduced particle size and granule disintegration were observed. The molecular analysis revealed that FA had a significant influence on the microbial communities and FA inhibition may provide a competitive advantage to glycogen accumulating organisms (GAOs) over PAOs. Interestingly, the community composition was found irreversible by recovery (Dice coefficients, 36.3%), although good EBPR performance was re-achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiongliu Zheng
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310012, China
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28
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Li-long Y, Yu L, Yuan R, Ying Z. Analysis of the characteristics of short-cut nitrifying granular sludge and pollutant removal processes in a sequencing batch reactor. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2013; 37:125-32. [DOI: 10.1007/s00449-013-1006-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2013] [Accepted: 05/14/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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29
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Zhu L, Dai X, Lv M, Xu X. Correlation analysis of major control factors for the formation and stabilization of aerobic granule. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2013; 20:3165-3175. [PMID: 23054769 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-012-1202-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2012] [Accepted: 09/14/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, aerobic granular sludge technology has demonstrated significant advantages in areas such as the sludge-water separation, residual sludge minimization, simultaneous biological nitrogen and phosphorus removal, and toxic organic compounds degradation in biological wastewater treatment. However, the critical control factors and their relation during sludge granulation have not been revealed indeed, and the stability of aerobic granular sludge is still not good. The Gray's correlation analysis was used to investigate the relationship of aerobic granular characteristics and control factors in the study. Results showed that the organic loading rate, hydraulic shear stress, and sludge settling time were the major factors affecting the aerobic sludge granulation, and the associated regulating strategy was important for the stabilization of granular sludge system. Based on above results, the mechanism of aerobic sludge granulation was proposed, and it was expected to favor the application of aerobic granular sludge technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Zhu
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
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30
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Zheng X, Sun P, Lou J, Fang Z, Guo M, Song Y, Tang X, Jiang T. The long-term effect of nitrite on the granule-based enhanced biological phosphorus removal system and the reversibility. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2013; 132:333-341. [PMID: 23428779 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2013.01.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2012] [Revised: 01/04/2013] [Accepted: 01/06/2013] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the long-term effect of nitrite on the granule-based enhanced biological phosphorus removal (EBPR) system and the reversibility from macro- to micro-scale. Nitrite was found to seriously deteriorate the EBPR performance and result in severe sludge bulking. The inhibited polysaccharides excretion could lead to breaking the stability and integrity of the granules. Therefore, the reduced particle size and granule disintegration were observed. In this study, granules with lower ratio of proteins to polysaccharides (1.76) had better structure and function than the higher (3.84). Experimental results demonstrated that the microbial community structure was largely changed due to the presence of nitrite. In comparison, glycogen accumulating organisms (GAOs) had stronger resistibility and higher recovery rate than poly-phosphate accumulating organisms (PAOs). Interestingly, the community composition was unable to recover (Dice coefficients, 33.0%), although good EBPR performance was achieved only by propagating other types of PAOs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiongliu Zheng
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310012, China
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31
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Khan MZ, Mondal PK, Sabir S. Aerobic granulation for wastewater bioremediation: A review. CAN J CHEM ENG 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/cjce.21729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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