Zwitterionic metal-organic frameworks modified polyamide membranes with enhanced water flux and antifouling capacity

Atomically dispersed recognition unit for selective in vivo photoelectrochemical medicine detection

Continuous and long-term therapeutic monitoring of medicine molecules in biological systems will revolutionize healthcare by offering personalized pharmacokinetic reports. However, the extremely complex biological environment brings great challenges for in vivo molecule detection in living organisms. Here we introduce an in vivo photoelectrochemical biosensor following a reverse design strategy with single atoms as molecular recognition units. Atomic dispersion of Cu single atoms on TiO2-x substrate create synergistic anchoring triple-site for efficiently and selectively capturing of dual-carbonyl group and neighboring dual-hydroxyl group of tetracycline molecules. The photoelectrode is encapsulated with antibiofouling layer and implanted into the vein of living mouse to enable long-term in vivo monitoring of tetracycline in real biological environments. It is important to note that our approach was exclusively tested in male mice, and therefore, the findings may not be generalizable to female mice or other species without further research. The rationally designed biological-components-free in vivo biosensor with excellent selectivity, robustness, and stability endows possibility for enabling personalized medicine guidance through real-time feedbacking information and providing direct and authentic medicine molecular analysis.

The antifouling mechanism and application of bio-inspired superwetting surfaces with effective antifouling performance

With the rapid development of industries, the issue of pollution on Earth has become increasingly severe. This has led to the deterioration of various surfaces, rendering them ineffective for their intended purposes. Examples of such surfaces include oil rigs, seawater intakes, and more. A variety of functional surface techniques have been created to address these issues, including superwetting surfaces, antifouling coatings, nano-polymer composite materials, etc. They primarily exploit the membrane's surface properties and hydration layer to improve the antifouling property. In recent years, biomimetic superwetting surfaces with non-toxic and environmental characteristics have garnered massive attention, greatly aiding in solving the problem of pollution. In this work, a detailed presentation of antifouling superwetting materials was made, including superhydrophobic surface, superhydrophilic surface, and superhydrophilic/underwater superoleophobic surface, along with the antifouling mechanisms. Then, the applications of the superwetting antifouling materials in antifouling domain were addressed in depth.