1
|
Ke Y, Song Z, Jiang QD. Vacuum-Induced Symmetry Breaking of Chiral Enantiomer Formation in Chemical Reactions. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2023; 131:223601. [PMID: 38101368 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.131.223601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
A material with symmetry breaking inside can transmit the symmetry breaking to its vicinity by vacuum electromagnetic fluctuations. Here, we show that vacuum quantum fluctuations proximate to a parity-symmetry-broken material can induce a chirality-dependent spectral shift of chiral molecules, resulting in a chemical reaction process that favors producing one chirality over the other. We calculate concrete examples and evaluate the chirality production rate with experimentally realizable parameters, showing the promise of selecting chirality with symmetry-broken vacuum quantum fluctuations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanzhe Ke
- Tsung-Dao Lee Institute and School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
- Department of Physics, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong, China
| | - Zhigang Song
- John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
| | - Qing-Dong Jiang
- Tsung-Dao Lee Institute and School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
- Shanghai Branch, Hefei National Laboratory, Shanghai 201315, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Mondelo-Martell M, Basilewitsch D, Braun H, Koch CP, Reich DM. Increasing ion yield circular dichroism in femtosecond photoionisation using optimal control theory. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:9286-9297. [PMID: 35411352 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp05239j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We investigate how optimal control theory can be used to improve Circular Dichroism (CD) signals for the A-band of fenchone measured via the photoionization yield upon further excitation. These transitions are electric dipole forbidden to first order, which translates into low population transfer to the excited state but allows for a clearer interplay between electric and magnetic transition dipole moments, which are of the same order of magnitude. Using a model including the electronic ground and excited A state as well as all permanent and transition multipole moments up to the electric quadrupole, we find that the absolute CD signal of randomly oriented molecules can be increased by a factor of 2.5 when using shaped laser pulses, with the anisotropy parameter g increasing from 0.06 to 1. We find that this effect is caused by the interference between the excitation pathways prompted by the different multipole moments of the molecule.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Manel Mondelo-Martell
- Dahlem Center of Complex Quantum Systems & Department of Physics, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Daniel Basilewitsch
- Dahlem Center of Complex Quantum Systems & Department of Physics, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Hendrike Braun
- Institute of Physics, Universität Kassel, Kassel, Germany.
| | - Christiane P Koch
- Dahlem Center of Complex Quantum Systems & Department of Physics, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Daniel M Reich
- Dahlem Center of Complex Quantum Systems & Department of Physics, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Abstract
We introduce a general theoretical approach for the simulation of photochemical dynamics under the influence of circularly polarized light to explore the possibility of generating enantiomeric enrichment through polarized-light-selective photochemistry. The method is applied to the simulation of the photolysis of alanine, a prototype chiral amino acid. We show that a systematic enantiomeric enrichment can be obtained depending on the helicity of the circularly polarized light that induces the excited-state photochemistry of alanine. By analyzing the patterns of the photoinduced fragmentation of alanine we find an inducible enantiomeric enrichment up to 1.7%, which is also in good correspondence to the experimental findings. Our method is generally applicable to complex systems and might serve to systematically explore the photochemical origin of homochirality.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Wohlgemuth
- Institute for Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Julius Maximilians University Würzburg , Emil-Fischer-Str. 42, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Roland Mitrić
- Institute for Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Julius Maximilians University Würzburg , Emil-Fischer-Str. 42, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Rukhlenko ID, Tepliakov NV, Baimuratov AS, Andronaki SA, Gun’ko YK, Baranov AV, Fedorov AV. Completely Chiral Optical Force for Enantioseparation. Sci Rep 2016; 6:36884. [PMID: 27827437 PMCID: PMC5101807 DOI: 10.1038/srep36884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2016] [Accepted: 10/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Fast and reliable separation of enantiomers of chiral nanoparticles requires elimination of all the forces that are independent of the nanoparticle handedness and creation of a sufficiently strong force that either pushes different enantiomers in opposite directions or delays the diffusion of one of them with respect to the other. Here we show how to construct such a completely chiral optical force using two counterpropagating circularly polarized plane waves of opposite helicities. We then explore capabilities of the related enantioseparation method by analytically solving the problem of the force-induced diffusion of chiral nanoparticles in a confined region, and reveal that it results in exponential spatial dependencies of the quantities measuring the purity of chiral substances. The proposed concept of a completely chiral optical force can potentially advance enantioseparation and enantiopurification techniques for all kinds of chiral nanoparticles that strongly interact with light.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ivan D. Rukhlenko
- Center of Information Optical Technologies, ITMO University, Saint Petersburg 197101, Russia
- Monash University, Clayton Campus, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Nikita V. Tepliakov
- Center of Information Optical Technologies, ITMO University, Saint Petersburg 197101, Russia
| | - Anvar S. Baimuratov
- Center of Information Optical Technologies, ITMO University, Saint Petersburg 197101, Russia
| | - Semen A. Andronaki
- Center of Information Optical Technologies, ITMO University, Saint Petersburg 197101, Russia
| | - Yurii K. Gun’ko
- Center of Information Optical Technologies, ITMO University, Saint Petersburg 197101, Russia
- School of Chemistry and CRANN Institute, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Alexander V. Baranov
- Center of Information Optical Technologies, ITMO University, Saint Petersburg 197101, Russia
| | - Anatoly V. Fedorov
- Center of Information Optical Technologies, ITMO University, Saint Petersburg 197101, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Kröner D. Laser-driven electron dynamics for circular dichroism in mass spectrometry: from one-photon excitations to multiphoton ionization. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2015; 17:19643-55. [PMID: 26151731 DOI: 10.1039/c5cp02193f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The distinction of enantiomers is a key aspect of chemical analysis. In mass spectrometry the distinction of enantiomers has been achieved by ionizing the sample with circularly polarized laser pulses and comparing the ion yields for light of opposite handedness. While resonant excitation conditions are expected to be most efficient, they are not required for the detection of a circular dichroism (CD) in the ion yield. However, the prediction of the size and sign of the circular dichroism becomes challenging if non-resonant multiphoton excitations are used to ionize the sample. Employing femtosecond laser pulses to drive electron wavepacket dynamics based on ab initio calculations, we attempt to reveal underlying mechanisms that determine the CD under non-resonant excitation conditions. Simulations were done for (R)-1,2-propylene oxide, using time-dependent configuration interaction singles with perturbative doubles (TD-CIS(D)) and the aug-cc-pVTZ basis set. Interactions between the electric field and the electric dipole and quadrupole as well as between the magnetic field and the magnetic dipole were explicitly accounted for. The ion yield was determined by treating states above the ionization potential as either stationary or non-stationary with energy-dependent lifetimes based on an approved heuristic approach. The observed population dynamics do not allow for a simple interpretation, because of highly non-linear interactions. Still, the various transition pathways are governed by resonant enantiospecific n-photon excitation, with preferably high transition dipole moments, which eventually dominate the CD in the ionized population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dominik Kröner
- Chemistry Department - Theoretical Chemistry, Universität Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Straße 24-25, D-14476 Potsdam, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
|
7
|
Kröner D. Chiral distinction by ultrashort laser pulses: electron wavepacket dynamics incorporating magnetic interactions. J Phys Chem A 2011; 115:14510-8. [PMID: 22010997 DOI: 10.1021/jp207270s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
The qualitative and quantitative distinction of enantiomers is one of the key issues in chemical analysis. In the last years, circular dichroism (CD) has been combined with laser ionization mass spectrometry (LIMS), applying resonance enhanced multiphoton ionization (REMPI) with ultrashort laser pulses. We present theoretical investigations on the CD in the populations of the first electronic excited state of the REMPI process, caused by the interaction of 3-methyl-cyclopentanone with either left or right circular polarized fs-laser pulses. For this we performed multistate laser driven many electron dynamics based on ab initio electronic structure calculations, namely, TD-CIS(D)/6-311++(2d,2p). For a theoretical description of these experiments, a complete description of the field-dipole correlation is mandatory, including both electric field-electric dipole and magnetic field-magnetic dipole interactions. The effect of various pulse parameters on the CD are analyzed and compared with experimental results to gain further understanding of the key elements for an optimal distinction of enantiomers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dominik Kröner
- Chemistry Department-Theoretical Chemistry, Universität Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Horsch P, Urbasch G, Weitzel KM, Kröner D. Circular dichroism in ion yields employing femtosecond laser ionization—the role of laser pulse duration. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2011; 13:2378-86. [DOI: 10.1039/c0cp01903h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
|
9
|
Klamroth T, Kröner D. Stereoselective isomerization of an ensemble of adsorbed molecules with multiple orientations: stochastic laser pulse optimization for selective switching between achiral and chiral atropisomers. J Chem Phys 2008; 129:234701. [PMID: 19102546 DOI: 10.1063/1.3036927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
We present quantum dynamical simulations for the laser driven isomerization of an ensemble of surface mounted stereoisomers with multiple orientations. The model system 1-(2-cis-fluoroethenyl)-2-fluorobenzene supports two chiral and one achiral atropisomers upon torsion around the C-C single bond connecting phenyl ring and ethylene group. An infrared picosecond pulse is used to excite the internal rotation around the chiral axis, thereby controlling the chirality of the molecule. In order to selectively switch the molecules--independent of their orientation on a surface--from their achiral to either their left- or right-handed form, a stochastic pulse optimization algorithm is applied. The stochastic pulse optimization is performed for different sets of defined orientations of adsorbates corresponding to the rotational symmetry of the surface. The obtained nonlinearly polarized laser pulses are highly enantioselective for each orientation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tillmann Klamroth
- Institut für Chemie, Theoretische Chemie, Universität Potsdam, D-14476 Potsdam, Germany.
| | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Kröner D, Klaumünzer B, Klamroth T. From stochastic pulse optimization to a stereoselective laser pulse sequence: simulation of a chiroptical molecular switch mounted on adamantane. J Phys Chem A 2008; 112:9924-35. [PMID: 18800773 DOI: 10.1021/jp804352q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Quantum dynamical simulations for the laser-controlled isomerization of 1-(2-cis-fluoroethenyl)-2-fluorobenzene mounted on adamantane are reported based on a one-dimensional electronic ground-state potential and dipole moment calculated by density functional theory. The model system 1-(2-cis-fluoroethenyl)-2-fluorobenzene supports two chiral and one achiral atropisomers upon torsion around the C-C single bond connecting the phenyl ring and ethylene group. The molecule itself is bound to an adamantyl frame which serves as a model for a linker or a surface. Due to the C3 symmetry of the adamantane molecule, the molecular switch can have three equivalent orientations. An infrared picosecond pulse is used to excite the internal rotation around the chiral axis, thereby controlling the chirality of the molecule. In order to selectively switch the molecules--independent of their orientations-- from their achiral to either their left- or right-handed form, a stochastic pulse optimization algorithm is applied. A subsequent detailed analysis of the optimal pulse allows for the design of a stereoselective laser pulse sequence of analytical form. The developed control scheme of elliptically polarized laser pulses is enantioselective and orientation-selective.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dominik Kröner
- Universität Potsdam, Institut für Chemie, Karl-Liebknecht-Strasse 24-25, D-14476 Potsdam, Germany.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Zhdanov DV, Zadkov VN. Absolute asymmetric synthesis from an isotropic racemic mixture of chiral molecules with the help of their laser orientation-dependent selection. J Chem Phys 2007; 127:244312. [DOI: 10.1063/1.2801640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
|
12
|
Ma Y, Salam A. Controlling state populations of enantiomers of real chiral molecules by using a circularly polarized pulsed laser. Chem Phys Lett 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2006.09.098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|