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Tsiasioti A, Tzanavaras PD. High performance liquid chromatography coupled with post - Column derivatization methods in food analysis: Chemistries and applications in the last two decades. Food Chem 2024; 443:138577. [PMID: 38309023 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.138577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
High performance liquid chromatography coupled with post-column derivatization is used for increasing the sensitivity and selectivity of the desirable analytes after the chromatographic separation. The transformation of the analytes can be conducted through the addition of a suitable reagent in the eluted stream or the ultraviolet irradiation of the eluted analytes, forming detectable derivatives for ultraviolet or fluorescence detectors. This review focuses on the developed methods using high performance liquid chromatography coupled with post-column derivatization for the determination of substances in food samples during the last two decades. The significance of the determination of each analyte in foods and the existing guidelines in each case are discussed. Preparation of the samples and the analytical methods are commented. For each analyte, official methods and commercially available systems and reagents are mentioned, as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Apostolia Tsiasioti
- Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR-54124, Greece.
| | - Paraskevas D Tzanavaras
- Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR-54124, Greece.
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Mohammadian E, Rahimpour E, Foroumadi A, Alizadeh-Sani M, Hasanvand Z, Jouyban A. Derivatization of γ-Amino Butyric Acid Analogues for Their Determination in the Biological Samples and Pharmaceutical Preparations: A Comprehensive Review. Crit Rev Anal Chem 2021; 52:1727-1754. [PMID: 34096806 DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2021.1916733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
γ-Aminobutyric acid (GABA) plays an important role in regulating neuronal excitability. Four structurally related drugs to GABA including pregabalin (PGB), gabapentin (GBP), vigabatrin (VGB), and baclofen are used for the treatment of central nervous system disorders. These drugs are small aliphatic molecules having neither fluorescent nor strong absorbance in the ultraviolet/visible region; therefore, direct determination of these analytes by optical methods is difficult. Additionally, their high boiling point makes gas chromatography impossible. Accordingly, the amine or acid moiety in these drugs is derivatized in order to improve their selectivity and sensitivity during determination in the biological samples. This review focuses on derivatization based methods and their different reactions for determination of PGB, GBP, VGB, and baclofen in the biological samples and pharmaceutical preparations reported between 1980 and 2020. High-performance liquid chromatography methods coupled with different detectors are a commonly used methods for determination of GABA analogs after derivatization. These methods cover 38.89% of all developed methods for determination of GABA analogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esmaeil Mohammadian
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Pharmaceutical Analysis Research Center and Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Elaheh Rahimpour
- Pharmaceutical Analysis Research Center and Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Food and Drug Safety Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Alireza Foroumadi
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Drug Design and Development Research Center, The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahmood Alizadeh-Sani
- Student's Scientific Research Center, Department of Food Safety and Hygiene, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zaman Hasanvand
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abolghasem Jouyban
- Pharmaceutical Analysis Research Center and Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Yang L, Shi Y, Li J, Luan T. In situ derivatization and hollow-fiber liquid-phase microextraction to determine sulfonamides in water using UHPLC with fluorescence detection. J Sep Sci 2018; 41:1651-1662. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201701041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2017] [Revised: 11/25/2017] [Accepted: 12/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lihua Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Resources and Coastal Engineering; School of Marine Sciences; Sun Yat-Sen University; Guangzhou China
| | - Yang Shi
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Resources and Coastal Engineering; School of Marine Sciences; Sun Yat-Sen University; Guangzhou China
| | - Jinjin Li
- South China Sea Bio-Resource Exploitation and Utilization Collaborative Innovation Center; School of Life Sciences; Sun Yat-Sen University; Guangzhou China
| | - Tiangang Luan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Resources and Coastal Engineering; School of Marine Sciences; Sun Yat-Sen University; Guangzhou China
- South China Sea Bio-Resource Exploitation and Utilization Collaborative Innovation Center; School of Life Sciences; Sun Yat-Sen University; Guangzhou China
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Arroyo-Manzanares N, Lara FJ, Airado-Rodríguez D, Gámiz-Gracia L, García-Campaña AM. Determination of sulfonamides in serum by on-line solid-phase extraction coupled to liquid chromatography with photoinduced fluorescence detection. Talanta 2015; 138:258-262. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2015.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2014] [Revised: 03/04/2015] [Accepted: 03/06/2015] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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5
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Alternative sample treatments for the determination of sulfonamides in milk by HPLC with fluorescence detection. Food Chem 2014; 143:459-64. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2013.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2012] [Revised: 07/30/2013] [Accepted: 08/02/2013] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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6
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Determination of Sulfonamides in Pharmaceuticals and Rabbit Plasma by Microchip Electrophoresis with LED-IF Detection. Chromatographia 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s10337-013-2479-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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7
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Tolika EP, Samanidou VF, Papadoyannis IN. Development and validation of an HPLC method for the determination of ten sulfonamide residues in milk according to 2002/657/EC. J Sep Sci 2011; 34:1627-35. [PMID: 21644254 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201100171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2011] [Revised: 04/20/2011] [Accepted: 04/20/2011] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
A HPLC method with diode-array detection, at 265 nm, was developed and validated for the determination of ten sulfonamides (SAs): sulfadiazine (SDZ), sulfathiazine (STZ), sulfamethoxine (SMTH), sulfamethizole (SMZ), sulfamethoxypyridazine (SMPZ), sulfamonomethoxine (SMMX), sulfamethoxazole (SMXZ), sulfisoxazole (SIX), sulfadimethoxine (SDMX), and sulfaquinoxaline (SQX) in milk. A mixture of ethyl acetate, n-hexane, and isopropanol was used for the extraction of target analytes from milk. The mobile phase, a mixture of 0.1% v/v formic acid, CH(3) CN, and CH(3) OH was delivered to the analytical column under a gradient program. The procedure was validated according to the European Union regulation 2002/657/EC in terms of selectivity, stability, decision limit, detection capability, accuracy, and precision. Mean recoveries of sulfonamides from milk samples spiked at three concentration levels (0.5×MRL, 1×MRL, and 1.5×MRL) (MRL, maximum residue level) were 93.9-115.9% for SDZ, 97.8-102.9% for STZ, 94.6-107.0% for SMTH, 98.3-111.5% for SMZ, 95.3-108.4% for SMPZ, 97.9-106.0% for SMMX, 97.6-111.3% for SMXZ, 94.3-104.6% for SIX, 96.4-109.1% for SDMX, and 98.2-111.2% for SQX. All RSD values were lower than 8.8%. The decision limits CCa calculated by spiking 20 blank milk samples at MRL (100 μg/kg) ranged from 101.61 to 106.84 μg/kg, whereas the detection capability CCb ranged from 105.64 to 119.01 μg/kg.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evanthia P Tolika
- Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
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Louati K, Mistiri F, Kallel M, Safta F. Stress degradation study on sulfadimethoxine and development of a validated stability-indicating HPLC assay. ANNALES PHARMACEUTIQUES FRANÇAISES 2011; 69:91-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pharma.2010.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2010] [Revised: 11/15/2010] [Accepted: 11/18/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Christodouleas D, Fotakis C, Economou A, Papadopoulos K, Timotheou-Potamia M, Calokerinos A. Flow-Based Methods with Chemiluminescence Detection for Food and Environmental Analysis: A Review. ANAL LETT 2011. [DOI: 10.1080/00032719.2010.500791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Walash MI, Belal F, El-Enany N, El-Maghrabey MH. Simple and sensitive spectrofluorimetric method for the determination of pregabalin in capsules through derivatization with fluorescamine. LUMINESCENCE 2010; 26:342-8. [PMID: 20737649 DOI: 10.1002/bio.1235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2010] [Revised: 06/09/2010] [Accepted: 06/15/2010] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
A new, simple and sensitive spectrofluorimetric method has been developed for the determination of pregabalin (PG) in capsules. The method is based on the reaction between pregabalin and fluorescamine in borate buffer solution of pH 10 to give a highly fluorescent derivative that is measured at 487 nm after excitation at 390 nm. The different experimental parameters affecting the development and stability of the reaction product were carefully studied and optimized. The fluorescence intensity concentration plot was rectilinear over the range of 0.01-0.3 µg mL⁻¹ with a lower detection limit of 0.0017 µg mL⁻¹ and limit of quantitation of 0.005 µg mL⁻¹. The developed method was successfully applied to the analysis of the drug in its commercial capsules. The mean percentage recovery of PG in its capsule was 99.93±1.24 (n = 3). Statistical comparison of the results with those of the comparison method revealed good agreement and proved that there was no significant difference in the accuracy and precision of the two methods. A proposed reaction pathway was postulated.
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Affiliation(s)
- M I Walash
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Mansoura, 35516 Mansoura, Egypt
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A review on applications of chemiluminescence detection in food analysis. Anal Chim Acta 2010; 670:1-10. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2010.04.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2009] [Revised: 04/21/2010] [Accepted: 04/22/2010] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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12
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Shamsipur M, Zargoosh K, Hosseini SM, Caltagirone C, Lippolis V. Quenching effect of some heavy metal ions on the fast peroxyoxalate-chemiluminescence of 1-(dansylamidopropyl)-1-aza-4,7,10-trithiacyclododecane as a novel fluorophore. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2009; 74:205-209. [PMID: 19570707 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2009.06.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2008] [Revised: 05/17/2009] [Accepted: 06/07/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The fast chemiluminescence (CL) arising from the reaction of bis(2,4,6-trichlorophenyl)oxalate (TCPO) with hydrogen peroxide in the presence of 1-(dansylamidopropyl)-1-aza-4,7,10-trithiacyclododecane (L) as a novel fluorophore, and imidazole as catalyst, has been studied in ethyl acetate solution. The relationships between the chemiluminescence intensity and concentrations of TCPO, imidazole, hydrogen peroxide and L are reported. In the presence of imidazole as catalyst, the entire CL signal was completed in less than 3s. The quenching effect of Cu(2+), Pb(2+), Cd(2+), Hg(2+) and Ag(+) ions on the chemiluminescent system was investigated, the resulting Stern-Volmer plots were obtained and the K(Q) values were calculated. It was found that the quenching effect of metal ions on the chemiluminescence of L decreases in the order Cu(2+)>Pb(2+)>Cd(2+)>Hg(2+)>Ag(+).
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Gamba V, Terzano C, Fioroni L, Moretti S, Dusi G, Galarini R. Development and validation of a confirmatory method for the determination of sulphonamides in milk by liquid chromatography with diode array detection. Anal Chim Acta 2009; 637:18-23. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2008.09.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2008] [Revised: 09/04/2008] [Accepted: 09/08/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Gámiz-Gracia L, García-Campaña AM, Huertas-Pérez JF, Lara FJ. Chemiluminescence detection in liquid chromatography: Applications to clinical, pharmaceutical, environmental and food analysis—A review. Anal Chim Acta 2009; 640:7-28. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2009.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2008] [Revised: 03/12/2009] [Accepted: 03/12/2009] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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15
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Farooq MU, Su P, Yang Y. Applications of a Novel Sample Preparation Method for the Determination of Sulfonamides in Edible Meat by CZE. Chromatographia 2009. [DOI: 10.1365/s10337-009-1025-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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16
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Samanidou V, Nisyriou S. Multi‐residue methods for confirmatory determination of antibiotics in milk. J Sep Sci 2008; 31:2068-90. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.200700647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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17
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Lattanzio G, García-Campaña AM, Soto-Chinchilla JJ, Gámiz-Gracia L, Girotti S. Chemiluminescence determination of sulphadiazine in drugs by flow injection analysis using the peroxyoxalate reaction in micellar medium. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2008; 46:381-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2007.09.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2007] [Revised: 09/14/2007] [Accepted: 09/19/2007] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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18
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Soto-Chinchilla JJ, García-Campaña AM, Gámiz-Gracia L. Analytical methods for multiresidue determination of sulfonamides and trimethoprim in meat and ground water samples by CE-MS and CE-MS/MS. Electrophoresis 2007; 28:4164-72. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.200600848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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19
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Sun H, Ai L, Wang F. Quantitative Analysis of Sulfonamide Residues in Natural Animal Casings by HPLC. Chromatographia 2007. [DOI: 10.1365/s10337-007-0329-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Díez R, Sarabia L, Ortiz MC. Optimization of analytical conditions and validation of a fluorescence method for the determination of sulfadiazine in milk. Anal Bioanal Chem 2007; 388:957-68. [PMID: 17453178 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-007-1250-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2006] [Revised: 03/02/2007] [Accepted: 03/07/2007] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
This paper describes optimization and validation of a method for sulfadiazine determination in milk samples based on sulfadiazine derivatization with fluorescamine followed by excitation-emission (fluorescence) measurement. For both the optimization and the validation, a comparison between zero-order and first-order signals has been made, showing the advantages of using first-order signals. In the optimization the effects of the temperature of the derivatization reaction, the amount of fluorescamine and the derivatization time on the instrumental signal (maximum intensity or the net analyte signal) are studied by a factorial experimental design, with the optimal values of these factors which give the highest signal being 22 degrees C for the reaction temperature, 50 microl fluorescamine and 20 min of derivatization time. The validation of the method under the optimal experimental conditions shows that the analytical method is fit-for-purpose, with values of the capability of detection (CCbeta) of 4.3 microg l(-1) at a sulfadiazine concentration of zero and with probabilities of a false positive and a false negative of 5%. Around the permitted limit (established for the sulfonamides at 100 microg l(-1)), CCbeta is 112 microg l(-1). The precision, as the intermediate reproducibility, was established as 1.2 and 3.3 microg l(-1) around 0 and 100 microg l(-1), respectively. In the application to milk samples spiked with sulfadiazine a mean recovery of around 90% was obtained with a standard deviation of about 8% (14 samples of different concentrations).
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Affiliation(s)
- R Díez
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Burgos, Burgos, Spain
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Soto-Chinchilla JJ, García-Campaña AM, Gámiz-Gracia L, Cruces-Blanco C. Application of capillary zone electrophoresis with large-volume sample stacking to the sensitive determination of sulfonamides in meat and ground water. Electrophoresis 2006; 27:4060-8. [PMID: 16991204 DOI: 10.1002/elps.200600166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
A CZE method with UV-Vis detection has been established and validated for the determination of nine sulfonamides: sulfapyridine, sulfamethazine, sulfamerazine, sulfamether, sulfadiazine, sulfadimethoxine, sulfamethoxazole, sulfachlorpyridazine, and sulfamethizole. Optimum separation was obtained on a 64.5 cm x 75 microm bubble cell capillary using a buffer containing 45 mM sodium phosphate and 10% methanol at pH 7.3, with temperature and voltage of 27 degrees C and 25 kV, respectively. p-Aminobenzoic acid was used as an internal standard . Taking into account the lack of sensitivity of the UV-Vis detection, the application of an on-line preconcentration methodology, such as large-volume sample stacking with polarity switching has been proposed. This procedure combined with a solvent extraction/SPE method applied for off-line preconcentration and cleanup provides a significant improvement in the LODs, ranging from 2.59 to 22.95 mug/L for the studied compounds; the quantification of these residues being possible below the levels established by EU legislation in animal food products, such as meat. Satisfactory recoveries were also obtained in the analysis of these compounds in ground water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge J Soto-Chinchilla
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
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García-Campaña AM, Lara FJ. Trends in the analytical applications of chemiluminescence in the liquid phase. Anal Bioanal Chem 2006; 387:165-9. [PMID: 17009002 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-006-0796-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2006] [Revised: 08/21/2006] [Accepted: 08/22/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ana M García-Campaña
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, Campus Fuentenueva, 18071, Granada, Spain.
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