1
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Gritti F, Hlushkou D, Tallarek U. Multiple-open-tubular column enabling transverse diffusion. Part 2: Channel size distribution and structure optimization. J Chromatogr A 2021; 1642:462033. [PMID: 33714774 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2021.462033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2021] [Revised: 02/21/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Multiple-open-tubular columns enabling transverse diffusion (MOTTD) are made of straight, parallel, and cylindrical flow channels separated by a mesoporous stationary phase. In Part 1, a model of band broadening along MOTTD columns accounting for longitudinal diffusion, the trans-channel velocity bias, and mass transfer resistance in the stationary phase was proposed and validated. In this Part 2, the model is completed by considering the impact of short-range inter-channel velocity biases on the MOTTD plate number. These velocity biases are caused by the wide distribution of the channel diameters. Different ratios, ρ, of the average inner diameter, 2<rc>, of the flow channels to their closest center-to-center distance d (d= 5 μm, ρ= 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8, and 0.9) with a relative standard deviation (RSD) increasing from 0 to 50% are considered. The zone retention factor k1 was increased from 1 to 25. The complete model of band broadening is validated after adjustment to dispersion data obtained by 1) the lattice-Boltzmann method for modeling fluid flow, 2) a random-walk particle-tracking (RWPT) technique to address advective-diffusive transport, and 3) by considering two distinct populations of flow channels (inner radii rc,1=<rc>(1-RSD) and rc,2=<rc>(1+RSD)) arranged at the nodes of a hexagonal compact array. The completed model of band broadening in MOTTD columns reveals that the RSD of the channel diameters has only a moderate impact on the optimum plate number of MOTTD columns: the relative increase of the minimum plate height do not exceed 30% even for the largest RSDs. However, when the mass transfer of the analyte is governed by its slow rate of transverse diffusion across the MOTTD column, the plate height can be increased by up to 100% at high average velocities. Regarding the best trade-off between analysis speed and column performance at a fixed pressure drop of 400 bar, irrespective of the zone retention factor and RSD of the distribution of the channel diameters, the fastest analyses are recommended for MOTTD columns having a small structural parameter ρ. In contrast, for the longest analysis times, the largest values of ρ are required to maximize the performance of MOTTD columns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabrice Gritti
- Waters Corporation, Instrument/Core Research/Fundamental, 34 Maple Street, Milford, MA, 01757, USA.
| | - Dzmitry Hlushkou
- Department of Chemistry, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Strasse 4, Marburg 35032, Germany
| | - Ulrich Tallarek
- Department of Chemistry, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Strasse 4, Marburg 35032, Germany
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2
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Tallarek U, Hochstrasser J, Ziegler F, Huang X, Kübel C, Buchmeiser MR. Olefin Ring‐closing Metathesis under Spatial Confinement: Morphology−Transport Relationships. ChemCatChem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.202001495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ulrich Tallarek
- Department of Chemistry Philipps-Universität Marburg Hans-Meerwein-Strasse 4 D-35032 Marburg Germany
| | - Janika Hochstrasser
- Department of Chemistry Philipps-Universität Marburg Hans-Meerwein-Strasse 4 D-35032 Marburg Germany
| | - Felix Ziegler
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry Universität Stuttgart Pfaffenwaldring 55 D-70569 Stuttgart Germany
| | - Xiaohui Huang
- Institute of Nanotechnology and Karlsruhe Nano Micro Facility Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1 D-76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen Germany
| | - Christian Kübel
- Institute of Nanotechnology and Karlsruhe Nano Micro Facility Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1 D-76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen Germany
- Department of Materials and Earth Sciences Technische Universität Darmstadt Alarich-Weiss-Strasse 2 D-64287 Darmstadt Germany
| | - Michael R. Buchmeiser
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry Universität Stuttgart Pfaffenwaldring 55 D-70569 Stuttgart Germany
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3
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Gritti F, Hlushkou D, Tallarek U. Multiple-open-tubular column enabling transverse diffusion. Part 1: Band broadening model for accurate mass transfer predictions. J Chromatogr A 2020; 1625:461325. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2020.461325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2020] [Revised: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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4
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Svidrytski A, Hlushkou D, Tallarek U. Relationship between bed heterogeneity, chord length distribution, and longitudinal dispersion in particulate beds. J Chromatogr A 2019; 1600:167-173. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2019.04.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2019] [Revised: 04/16/2019] [Accepted: 04/17/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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5
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Hlushkou D, Tallarek U. Analysis of microstructure–effective diffusivity relationships for the interparticle pore space in physically reconstructed packed beds. J Chromatogr A 2018; 1581-1582:173-179. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2018.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2018] [Revised: 10/16/2018] [Accepted: 11/01/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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6
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Podgornik A. Pressure drop in liquid chromatography. J Sep Sci 2018; 42:72-88. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201800882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2018] [Revised: 10/13/2018] [Accepted: 11/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Aleš Podgornik
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology; University of Ljubljana; Ljubljana Slovenia
- Center of Excellence for Biosensors; Instrumentation and Process Control - COBIK; Ajdovščina Slovenia
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7
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Maier RS, Schure MR. Transport properties and size exclusion effects in wide-pore superficially porous particles. Chem Eng Sci 2018; 185:243-255. [PMID: 30613108 DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2018.03.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The effects of hydrodynamic radius on the transport of solute molecules in packed beds of wide-pore superficially porous particles (SPP) are studied using pore-scale simulation. The free molecular diffusion rate varies with radius through the Stokes-Einstein relation. Lattice Boltzmann and Langevin methods are used to model fluid motion and the transport of an ensemble of solute molecules in the fluid, providing statistics on solute concentration, flux, molecule age and residence time, as a function of depth in the SPP. Intraparticle effective diffusion and bed dispersion coefficients are calculated and correlated with the hydrodynamic radius and accessible porosity. The relative importance of convection and diffusion are found to depend on the molecule (tracer) size through the diffusion rate, and convection effects are more significant for larger, slower-diffusing molecules. When larger molecules are utilized, the intraparticle concentration is reduced in proportion to the local particle porosity, leading to a natural definition of the accessible porosity used in size exclusion chromatography (SEC). Although the pore shape is complex, the SEC constant K can be calculated directly from simulation. Simulation demonstrates that the effective diffusion coefficient is elevated near the particle hull, which is largely open to interstitial flow, and decreases with depth into the particle. All molecules studied here have transport access to the entire particle depth, although the accessible volume at a given depth depends on their size. The first passage time into the particle is well predicted by the diffusion rate, but residence time is influenced by convection, shortening the average visit duration. These results are of interest in "perfusion" chromatography where convection is thought to increase separation efficiency for large biomolecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert S Maier
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455-0132, USA
| | - Mark R Schure
- Theoretical Separation Science Laboratory, Kroungold Analytical Inc., 1299 Butler Pike, Blue Bell, PA 19422, USA
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8
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Reich SJ, Svidrytski A, Hlushkou D, Stoeckel D, Kübel C, Höltzel A, Tallarek U. Hindrance Factor Expression for Diffusion in Random Mesoporous Adsorbents Obtained from Pore-Scale Simulations in Physical Reconstructions. Ind Eng Chem Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.7b04840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Stefan-Johannes Reich
- Department
of Chemistry, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Strasse 4, 35032 Marburg, Germany
| | - Artur Svidrytski
- Department
of Chemistry, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Strasse 4, 35032 Marburg, Germany
| | - Dzmitry Hlushkou
- Department
of Chemistry, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Strasse 4, 35032 Marburg, Germany
| | - Daniela Stoeckel
- Department
of Chemistry, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Strasse 4, 35032 Marburg, Germany
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 58, 35392 Gießen, Germany
| | - Christian Kübel
- Institute
of Nanotechnology and Karlsruhe Nano Micro Facility, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Alexandra Höltzel
- Department
of Chemistry, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Strasse 4, 35032 Marburg, Germany
| | - Ulrich Tallarek
- Department
of Chemistry, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Strasse 4, 35032 Marburg, Germany
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9
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Podgornik A, Hamachi M, Isakari Y, Yoshimoto N, Yamamoto S. Effect of pore size on performance of monolithic tube chromatography of large biomolecules. Electrophoresis 2017; 38:2892-2899. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201700258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2017] [Revised: 08/14/2017] [Accepted: 08/14/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ales Podgornik
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology; University of Ljubljana; Ljubljana Slovenia
- Center of Excellence; COBIK; Ajdovščina Slovenia
| | - Masataka Hamachi
- Bio-Process Engineering Laboratory, Graduate School of Medicine; Yamaguchi University; Ube Japan
| | - Yu Isakari
- Bio-Process Engineering Laboratory, Graduate School of Medicine; Yamaguchi University; Ube Japan
| | - Noriko Yoshimoto
- Bio-Process Engineering Laboratory, Graduate School of Medicine; Yamaguchi University; Ube Japan
- Biomedical Engineering Center (YUBEC); Yamaguchi University; Ube Japan
| | - Shuichi Yamamoto
- Bio-Process Engineering Laboratory, Graduate School of Medicine; Yamaguchi University; Ube Japan
- Biomedical Engineering Center (YUBEC); Yamaguchi University; Ube Japan
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10
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Optimized endodextranase-epoxy CIM ® disk reactor for the continuous production of molecular weight-controlled prebiotic isomalto-oligosaccharides. Process Biochem 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2017.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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11
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Hlushkou D, Piatrusha S, Tallarek U. Impact of diffusion on transverse dispersion in two-dimensional ordered and random porous media. Phys Rev E 2017; 95:063108. [PMID: 28709263 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.95.063108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Solute dispersion in fluid flow results from the interaction between advection and diffusion. The relative contributions of these two mechanisms to mass transport are characterized by the reduced velocity ν, also referred to as the Péclet number. In the absence of diffusion (i.e., when the solute diffusion coefficient D_{m}=0 and ν→∞), divergence-free laminar flow of an incompressible fluid results in a zero-transverse dispersion coefficient (D_{T}=0), both in ordered and random two-dimensional porous media. We demonstrate by numerical simulations that a more realistic realization of the condition ν→∞ using D_{m}≠0 and letting the fluid flow velocity approach infinity leads to completely different results for ordered and random two-dimensional porous media. With increasing reduced velocity, D_{T} approaches an asymptotic value in ordered two-dimensional porous media but grows linearly in disordered (random) structures depending on the geometrical disorder of a structure: a higher degree of heterogeneity results in a stronger growth of D_{T} with ν. The obtained results reveal that disorder in the geometrical structure of a two-dimensional porous medium leads to a growth of D_{T} with ν even in a uniform pore-scale advection field; however, lateral diffusion is a prerequisite for this growth. By contrast, in ordered two-dimensional porous media the presence of lateral diffusion leads to a plateau for the transverse dispersion coefficient with increasing ν.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dzmitry Hlushkou
- Department of Chemistry, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Strasse 4, 35032 Marburg, Germany
| | - Stanislau Piatrusha
- Laboratory of Electron Kinetics, Institute of Solid State Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Academician Ossipyan Strasse 2, 142432 Chernogolovka, Russia.,Laboratory of Topological Quantum Phenomena in Superconducting Systems, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Institutskiy Per. 9, 141700 Dolgoprudny, Russia
| | - Ulrich Tallarek
- Department of Chemistry, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Strasse 4, 35032 Marburg, Germany
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12
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Müllner T, Zankel A, Höltzel A, Svec F, Tallarek U. Morphological Properties of Methacrylate-Based Polymer Monoliths: From Gel Porosity to Macroscopic Inhomogeneities. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2017; 33:2205-2214. [PMID: 28186759 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.7b00337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Shaping chemical interfaces of hard and soft matter materials into physical morphologies that guarantee excellent transport properties is of central importance for technologies relying on adsorption, separation, and reaction at the interface. Polymer monoliths with a hierarchically structured pore space, for example, are widely used in flow-driven processes, whose efficiency depends on the morphology of the support material over several length scales. Compared with alternative support structures, particularly silica monoliths, polymer monoliths yield lower efficiency, which suggests a suboptimal morphology. Based on physical reconstruction by serial block-face scanning electron microscopy we evaluate the structural features of a methacrylate-based polymer monolith from the pore scale to the column scale. The morphological data reveal a homogeneous polymer skeleton with a solute-impenetrable core-porous shell architecture and a heterogeneous macropore space that suffers from inhomogeneities at the short-range and the transcolumn scale. Although the morphology of the polymer phase is favorable to efficient mass transport, the performance of the polymer monolith is limited by severe transcolumn gradients in macroporosity and macropore size. We propose to overcome these morphological limitations by pursuing a preparation strategy that involves active rather than passive shaping of the macropore space, for example, by using silica monoliths as templating structures for polymer monolith preparation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tibor Müllner
- Department of Chemistry, Philipps-Universität Marburg , Hans-Meerwein-Strasse 4, 35032 Marburg, Germany
| | - Armin Zankel
- Institute of Electron Microscopy and Nanoanalysis, Graz University of Technology, and Graz Centre for Electron Microscopy, Steyrergasse 17, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Alexandra Höltzel
- Department of Chemistry, Philipps-Universität Marburg , Hans-Meerwein-Strasse 4, 35032 Marburg, Germany
| | - Frantisek Svec
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology , 100029 Beijing, China
| | - Ulrich Tallarek
- Department of Chemistry, Philipps-Universität Marburg , Hans-Meerwein-Strasse 4, 35032 Marburg, Germany
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13
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14
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Wouters S, Hauffman T, Mittelmeijer-Hazeleger MC, Rothenberg G, Desmet G, Baron GV, Eeltink S. Comprehensive study of the macropore and mesopore size distributions in polymer monoliths using complementary physical characterization techniques and liquid chromatography. J Sep Sci 2016; 39:4492-4501. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201600896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2016] [Revised: 09/27/2016] [Accepted: 09/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sam Wouters
- Vrije Universiteit Brussel; Department of Chemical Engineering; Brussels Belgium
| | - Tom Hauffman
- Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Department of Materials and Chemistry; Research group of Electrochemical and Surface Engineering; Brussels Belgium
| | | | - Gadi Rothenberg
- University of Amsterdam; Van ‘t Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences; Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Gert Desmet
- Vrije Universiteit Brussel; Department of Chemical Engineering; Brussels Belgium
| | - Gino V. Baron
- Vrije Universiteit Brussel; Department of Chemical Engineering; Brussels Belgium
| | - Sebastiaan Eeltink
- Vrije Universiteit Brussel; Department of Chemical Engineering; Brussels Belgium
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15
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Enke D, Gläser R, Tallarek U. Sol-Gel and Porous Glass-Based Silica Monoliths with Hierarchical Pore Structure for Solid-Liquid Catalysis. CHEM-ING-TECH 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/cite.201600049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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16
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Hormann K, Baranau V, Hlushkou D, Höltzel A, Tallarek U. Topological analysis of non-granular, disordered porous media: determination of pore connectivity, pore coordination, and geometric tortuosity in physically reconstructed silica monoliths. NEW J CHEM 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5nj02814k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Different approaches are applied and compared, which are universally applicable to quantify pore coordination, pore and pore-throat connectivity, and geometric tortuosity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristof Hormann
- Department of Chemistry
- Philipps-Universität Marburg
- D-35032 Marburg
- Germany
| | - Vasili Baranau
- Department of Chemistry
- Philipps-Universität Marburg
- D-35032 Marburg
- Germany
| | - Dzmitry Hlushkou
- Department of Chemistry
- Philipps-Universität Marburg
- D-35032 Marburg
- Germany
| | - Alexandra Höltzel
- Department of Chemistry
- Philipps-Universität Marburg
- D-35032 Marburg
- Germany
| | - Ulrich Tallarek
- Department of Chemistry
- Philipps-Universität Marburg
- D-35032 Marburg
- Germany
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17
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Porous polymer monoliths: From their fundamental structure to analytical engineering applications. Trends Analyt Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2015.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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18
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Müllner T, Unger KK, Tallarek U. Characterization of microscopic disorder in reconstructed porous materials and assessment of mass transport-relevant structural descriptors. NEW J CHEM 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5nj03346b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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19
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Urban J. Current trends in the development of porous polymer monoliths for the separation of small molecules. J Sep Sci 2015; 39:51-68. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201501011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2015] [Revised: 09/17/2015] [Accepted: 09/18/2015] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiří Urban
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Technology; University of Pardubice; Pardubice Czech Republic
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20
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Yan X, Wang Q, Li N. Predictive model of solute transport with reversible adsorption in spatially periodic hierarchical porous media. J Chromatogr A 2015; 1407:69-75. [PMID: 26145453 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2015.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2015] [Revised: 06/08/2015] [Accepted: 06/09/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Solute transport in hierarchical porous media with reversible adsorption is predicted by the volume averaging method. A transient macroscopic advection-diffusion equation is derived to describe the multiscale solute transport problem. The theoretical expression of the dispersion tensor is obtained which is the function of pore-scale velocity profile. Steady closure equations are derived to calculate the dispersion tensor. With the aid of pore-scale simulation in unit cells of the hierarchical porous media, the dispersion tensor can be calculated. The model is verified by comparing its predictions and obtaining favorable agreement with results of direct numerical simulations and with experimental data for columns comprised of ordered, porous pillars. It is straightforward to use the model to predict the solute transport behavior in fixed beds packed with particles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohong Yan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710049, China.
| | - Qiuwang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Thermo-Fluid Science and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710049, China
| | - Nan Li
- Xi'an Haitang Vocational College, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710049, China
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21
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Computational investigation of longitudinal diffusion, eddy dispersion, and trans-particle mass transfer in bulk, random packings of core–shell particles with varied shell thickness and shell diffusion coefficient. J Chromatogr A 2015; 1407:139-56. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2015.06.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2015] [Revised: 06/09/2015] [Accepted: 06/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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22
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Ming Wei
- Chemical Engineering Research Center; East China University of Science and Technology; Shanghai 200237 China
| | - Yanxiang Li
- Institute of Process Engineering; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100190 China
| | - Chuanfang Yang
- Institute of Process Engineering; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100190 China
| | - E. L. Cussler
- Dept. of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science; University of Minnesota; Minneapolis MN 55455
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23
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Janků S, Škeříková V, Urban J. Nucleophilic substitution in preparation and surface modification of hypercrosslinked stationary phases. J Chromatogr A 2015; 1388:151-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2015.02.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2014] [Revised: 02/10/2015] [Accepted: 02/11/2015] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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24
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Svec F, Lv Y. Advances and Recent Trends in the Field of Monolithic Columns for Chromatography. Anal Chem 2014; 87:250-73. [DOI: 10.1021/ac504059c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 279] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Frantisek Svec
- International
Research Center
for Soft Matter, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, 100029 Beijing, China
| | - Yongqin Lv
- International
Research Center
for Soft Matter, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, 100029 Beijing, China
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25
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Hormann K, Tallarek U. Mass transport properties of second-generation silica monoliths with mean mesopore size from 5 to 25nm. J Chromatogr A 2014; 1365:94-105. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2014.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2014] [Revised: 09/03/2014] [Accepted: 09/03/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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26
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Nischang I. Impact of biomolecule solute size on the transport and performance characteristics of analytical porous polymer monoliths. J Chromatogr A 2014; 1354:56-64. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2014.05.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2014] [Revised: 04/25/2014] [Accepted: 05/20/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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27
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Hlushkou D, Gritti F, Guiochon G, Seidel-Morgenstern A, Tallarek U. Effect of Adsorption on Solute Dispersion: A Microscopic Stochastic Approach. Anal Chem 2014; 86:4463-70. [DOI: 10.1021/ac500309p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Dzmitry Hlushkou
- Department
of Chemistry, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Strasse, 35032 Marburg, Germany
- Max-Planck-Institut für Dynamik komplexer technischer Systeme, Sandtorstrasse 1, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Fabrice Gritti
- Department
of Chemistry, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996−1600, United States
| | - Georges Guiochon
- Department
of Chemistry, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996−1600, United States
| | - Andreas Seidel-Morgenstern
- Max-Planck-Institut für Dynamik komplexer technischer Systeme, Sandtorstrasse 1, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Ulrich Tallarek
- Department
of Chemistry, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Strasse, 35032 Marburg, Germany
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Design of monoliths through their mechanical properties. J Chromatogr A 2014; 1333:9-17. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2014.01.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2013] [Revised: 01/08/2014] [Accepted: 01/14/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Vasudevan V, Loh KC. Transcolumn dispersion in a computational mimic of an analytical silica monolith reconstructed from sub-microtomographic scans using computational fluid dynamics. Sep Purif Technol 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2013.10.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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30
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Bruns S, Franklin EG, Grinias JP, Godinho JM, Jorgenson JW, Tallarek U. Slurry concentration effects on the bed morphology and separation efficiency of capillaries packed with sub-2μm particles. J Chromatogr A 2013; 1318:189-97. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2013.10.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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31
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Hormann K, Tallarek U. Analytical silica monoliths with submicron macropores: current limitations to a direct morphology-column efficiency scaling. J Chromatogr A 2013; 1312:26-36. [PMID: 24041508 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2013.08.087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2013] [Revised: 08/22/2013] [Accepted: 08/22/2013] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Shrinking the structural elements of a particulate bed or monolith (i.e., the particle or domain size) yields more efficient columns only when the homogeneity of the bed can be conserved in that process. We investigate this complex issue for a set of 2nd generation analytical silica monoliths with macropores reaching submicron dimensions using chromatographic methods, mercury intrusion porosimetry, scanning electron microscopy, and confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM), and present eddy dispersion simulations and a chord length distribution analysis for the CLSM-based physical reconstructions at macropore resolution. The combined results allow us to identify relevant morphological advances made from 1st to 2nd generation monoliths and additionally highlight the current limitations to a direct morphology-efficiency scaling with respect to the performance that can be accomplished in HPLC practice with these columns. Whereas the improvement in radial homogeneity from 1st to 2nd generation silica monoliths is represented by a dramatic increase in column efficiency, the further reduction of macropore size in the 2nd generation monoliths does not lead to the expected improvement of plate height data, although these monoliths realize submicron macropores at a simultaneously conserved bulk macropore space homogeneity and negligible radial heterogeneity. Our study implies that limitations to further improved column efficiency arise from the intrinsic border effects of the used 4.6mm i.d. analytical columns. This includes the sample distribution onto the monoliths and asynchronous sample collection through the endfittings at the column inlet and outlet, respectively. Only when these effects are reduced will additionally improved 2nd generation monoliths live up to column efficiencies, which are envisioned for them based on their morphological properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristof Hormann
- Department of Chemistry, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Strasse, 35032 Marburg, Germany
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Comparison of first and second generation analytical silica monoliths by pore-scale simulations of eddy dispersion in the bulk region. J Chromatogr A 2013; 1303:28-38. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2013.06.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2013] [Revised: 06/12/2013] [Accepted: 06/14/2013] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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33
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Porous polymer monoliths: Morphology, porous properties, polymer nanoscale gel structure and their impact on chromatographic performance. J Chromatogr A 2013; 1287:39-58. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2012.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2012] [Revised: 11/02/2012] [Accepted: 11/06/2012] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Causon TJ, Hilder EF, Nischang I. Impact of mobile phase composition on the performance of porous polymeric monoliths in the elution of small molecules. J Chromatogr A 2012; 1263:108-12. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2012.09.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2012] [Revised: 09/09/2012] [Accepted: 09/12/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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35
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Khirevich S, Höltzel A, Seidel-Morgenstern A, Tallarek U. Geometrical and topological measures for hydrodynamic dispersion in confined sphere packings at low column-to-particle diameter ratios. J Chromatogr A 2012; 1262:77-91. [PMID: 23000179 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2012.08.086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2012] [Revised: 08/28/2012] [Accepted: 08/29/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
At low column-to-particle diameter (or aspect) ratio (d(c)/d(p)) the kinetic column performance is dominated by the transcolumn disorder that arises from the morphological gradient between the more homogeneous, looser packed wall region and the random, dense core. For a systematic analysis of this morphology-dispersion relation we computer-generated a set of confined sphere packings varying three parameters: aspect ratio (d(c)/d(p)=10-30), bed porosity (ɛ=0.40-0.46), and packing homogeneity. Plate height curves were received from simulation of hydrodynamic dispersion in the packings over a wide range of reduced velocities (v=0.5-500). Geometrical measures derived from radial porosity and velocity profiles were insufficient as morphological descriptors of the plate height data. After Voronoi tessellation of the packings, topological information was obtained from the statistical moments of the free Voronoi volume (V(free)) distributions. The radial profile of the standard deviation of the V(free) distributions in the form of an integral measure was identified as a quantitative scalar measure for the transcolumn disorder. The first morphology-dispersion correlation for confined sphere packings deepens our understanding of how the packing microstructure determines the kinetic column performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siarhei Khirevich
- Department of Chemistry, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Strasse, 35032 Marburg, Germany
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36
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Daneyko A, Hlushkou D, Khirevich S, Tallarek U. From random sphere packings to regular pillar arrays: Analysis of transverse dispersion. J Chromatogr A 2012; 1257:98-115. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2012.08.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2012] [Revised: 08/02/2012] [Accepted: 08/05/2012] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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