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Meng Z, Liu D, Li S, Xu Z, Deng Q, Liu Y. A fast multi-residue analysis of twenty-four classes of pesticide in sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) and their migration into processed products. Food Res Int 2023; 173:113322. [PMID: 37803633 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.113322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/08/2023]
Abstract
Sesame is widely used as a nutritional supplement or condiment because of its nutritious properties and palatable flavor. However, the extensive use of pesticides in sesame fields has paradoxically decreased the nutritional vantage. The current study used QuEChERS with a low-temperature freezing method to develop a multi-residue analytical approach to detect target analytes (pesticides) in sesame seed, sesame oil, sesame paste, and sesame meal. The migration ability of target pesticides during oil processing was investigated using HPLC-MS/MS and GC-MS: 35% of pesticides decreased, with processing factors (PFs) lower than 0.98, whereas 65% migrated from the seed to the oil during processing. The migration success of methoxyfenozide was the highest, while clothianidin and pymetrozine demonstrated a significantly lower rate of transfer. The results provide insight into the types of pesticides that should be used in farming practices of sesame to decrease the impact on human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziwei Meng
- Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Yuanmingyuan West Road 2, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, PR China.
| | - Dan Liu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Yuanmingyuan West Road 2, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, PR China.
| | - Shuhui Li
- Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Yuanmingyuan West Road 2, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, PR China.
| | - Zhiyi Xu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Yuanmingyuan West Road 2, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, PR China.
| | - Qianqian Deng
- Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Yuanmingyuan West Road 2, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, PR China.
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Yuanmingyuan West Road 2, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, PR China.
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Soyel SKA, Hazra DK, Ruidas S, Mandal S, Bhattacharyya S, Poi R, Karmakar R, Mondal G, Majumder S, Mondal P. Simultaneous Monitoring and Decontamination of Pesticide Residues in Phytomedicine-Enriched Betel Leaf Utilizing QuEChERS-GC-MS/MS Technology to Safeguard Public Health. J AOAC Int 2023; 106:1209-1219. [PMID: 36622007 DOI: 10.1093/jaoacint/qsad005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The presence of undesirable substances, including pesticides (xenobiotics) in betel leaf (Piper betel), is a great concern for consumers because it is chewed and consumed directly. To protect the consumer's health, a modified QuEChERS method for monitoring purposes and subsequent decontamination process has been developed. OBJECTIVE The goal of this work was to establish a multi-residue analytical method for monitoring nonpermitted organophosphorus pesticide residues in betel leaf, as well as cost-effective cleaning strategies. METHOD The homogenized 15 g samples (20 betel leaf samples collected in West Bengal, India) were extracted with a modified QuEChERS method using acetonitrile, reconstituted to acetone, and finally analyzed by GC-MS/MS. Possible decontamination techniques (such as tap water washing, 2% saltwater washing, and lukewarm water washing) were evaluated. RESULTS The limit of detection ranged from 0.003 to 0.005 mg/kg, and limit of quantification was 0.01 mg/kg. Recoveries ranged from 80 to 120% with RSDr 9%. One sample was found to contain three pesticides 4 to 7 times higher than MRLs. Suggested decontamination methods allowed reducing toxic traces below European limits. CONCLUSIONS The suggested approach is useful for determining pesticide residues in betel leaves quickly. Traditional techniques of processing betel leaves may reduce pesticide residues below regulatory limits. HIGHLIGHTS A multi-residue method and decontamination of pesticides in betel leaf using QuEChERS-GC-MS/MS technology with satisfactory method performance was achieved. Domestic decontamination techniques have a high efficacy in reducing pesticide residues from betel leaves, making them safe for human consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- S K Amir Soyel
- Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Department of Agricultural Chemicals, Kalyani, Nadia, West Bengal 741235, India
| | - Dipak Kumar Hazra
- Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, All India Network Project on Pesticide Residues, Department of Agricultural Chemicals, Kalyani, Nadia, West Bengal 741235, India
| | - Subhajit Ruidas
- Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Department of Agricultural Chemicals, Kalyani, Nadia, West Bengal 741235, India
| | - Swagata Mandal
- Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, All India Network Project on Pesticide Residues, Department of Agricultural Chemicals, Kalyani, Nadia, West Bengal 741235, India
| | - Sudip Bhattacharyya
- Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, All India Network Project on Pesticide Residues, Department of Agricultural Chemicals, Kalyani, Nadia, West Bengal 741235, India
| | - Rajlakshmi Poi
- Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, All India Network Project on Pesticide Residues, Department of Agricultural Chemicals, Kalyani, Nadia, West Bengal 741235, India
| | - Rajib Karmakar
- Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, All India Network Project on Pesticide Residues, Department of Agricultural Chemicals, Kalyani, Nadia, West Bengal 741235, India
| | - Goutam Mondal
- Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, AICRP on MAP & Betelvine, Department of Plant Pathology, Directorate of Research, Kalyani, Nadia, West Bengal 741235, India
| | - Sujan Majumder
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Vegetable Research, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh 221305, India
| | - Prithusayak Mondal
- Uttar Banga Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Regional Research Station (Terai Zone), Pundibari, Cooch Behar, West Bengal 736165, India
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Bhattacharyya A, Pardeshi A, Nerpagar A, Banerjee K. Multiresidue analysis of pesticides in three Indian soils: method development and validation using gas chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART. B, PESTICIDES, FOOD CONTAMINANTS, AND AGRICULTURAL WASTES 2023; 58:158-194. [PMID: 36840342 DOI: 10.1080/03601234.2023.2175578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The paper reports a multiresidue method that was validated on 220 multi-class pesticides in three major Indian soils, namely, (i) new alluvial soil (NAS); (ii) red lateritic soil (RS) and (iii) black soil (BS) from three different regions. An ethyl acetate-based extraction method with a freezing-out cleanup step was employed for sample preparation, followed by gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometric analysis. The method that was initially optimized on BS worked satisfactorily for the other two soil matrices. At the spiking level of 10 µg/kg (LOQ), the recoveries were satisfactory (within 70-120%) with precision-RSDs, ≤20% (n = 6) for 85, 88.6, and 89% of compounds in BS, RS, and NAS respectively. At 20 µg/kg, the method performance was satisfactory in each soil for all pesticides. When this validated method was applied to analyse 25 field samples, 6 pesticides were detected in them. In each case, precision (RSD) was <20%. The method sensitivity, accuracy and precision complied with the SANTE/2020/12830 guidelines. The method can be applied for environmental monitoring and risk assessment purposes, thus aiding in regulating pesticide usage in agricultural fields. The limitations and future scope of the study are also discussed.HighlightsA multiresidue method is reported for simultaneous analysis of multi-class pesticides in diverse soilsThe method was validated on 220 pesticides in new alluvial, red lateritic and black soilsSample preparation involved extraction with ethyl acetate and cleanup by a freezing stepThe residues were estimated by gas chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS)The method accuracy and precision complied with the EU's SANTE guidelines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arijita Bhattacharyya
- National Reference Laboratory, ICAR-National Research Centre for Grapes, P.O. Manjri Farm, Pune, India
| | - Anita Pardeshi
- National Reference Laboratory, ICAR-National Research Centre for Grapes, P.O. Manjri Farm, Pune, India
| | - Apurva Nerpagar
- National Reference Laboratory, ICAR-National Research Centre for Grapes, P.O. Manjri Farm, Pune, India
| | - Kaushik Banerjee
- National Reference Laboratory, ICAR-National Research Centre for Grapes, P.O. Manjri Farm, Pune, India
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Zhang S, Song N, He Z, Zeng M, Chen J. Multi-Pesticide Residue Analysis Method Designed for the Robot Experimenters. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:16424-16434. [PMID: 36521107 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c06229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Robots replacing humans as the executioners is crucial work for intelligent multi-pesticide residue analysis to maximize reproducibility and throughput while minimizing the expertise required to perform the entire process. Traditional analysis methods are predicated on manual execution, so we configured our robot experimenter, automated the analytical workflow, and achieved the goal of robotics execution. Our robot experimenter with an X-Y-Z axis robotic arm was interfaced with seven modules and ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) for automated standard solution preparation, sample pre-treatment, and UPLC-MS/MS detection. An algorithm was established to make the prepared matrix-matched standard solutions meet the monitoring requirements. The strategy was demonstrated and validated for the detection of 325 pesticides in 4 typical food matrices, suggesting that the developed method is applicable for the analysis of pesticide residues in vegetables and tea as part of regulatory monitoring programs and other purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
- International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Ninghui Song
- Laboratory of Pesticide Environmental Assessment and Pollution Control, Ministry of Ecology and Environment (MEE), Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Nanjing 210042, China
| | - Zhiyong He
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
- International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Maomao Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
- International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Jie Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
- International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
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Shinde R, Banerjee K. Determination of Highly Polar and Ionic Pesticides in Grape and Pomegranate Using Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass Spectrometry. J AOAC Int 2022; 105:1341-1349. [DOI: 10.1093/jaoacint/qsac019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Revised: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Residues of polar pesticides cannot be determined by QuEChERS-based multiresidue extractions because of their non-amenability to reverse-phase chromatographic separation and poor recoveries. On the other hand, single-residue methods pose limitations because of the various requirements of sample preparation and LC-MS/MS conditions. A new multiresidue method is thus warranted for rapid and simultaneous analysis of polar pesticides.
Objective
The study developed a multiresidue method for the simultaneous analysis of glyphosate and its metabolite (aminomethylphosphonic acid, AMPA), glufosinate and its metabolites (3-methylphosphinicopropionic acid and N-acetyl-glufosinate), ethephon, fosetyl-aluminum and its metabolite (phosphonic acid), and trimesium in grape and pomegranate by LC-MS/MS.
Method
The homogenized samples (10 g) were extracted with acidified methanol (20 mL). An aliquot of the extract was diluted with acetonitrile (1 + 1) and measured by LC-MS/MS using a Torus DEA column. The performance of a hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography (HILIC) column and an “anionic polar pesticides” (APP) column was also evaluated.
Results
The method performance on the Torus DEA column was satisfactory for all compounds (recoveries = 77–104%, repeatability-RSD, <11%) at limit of quantification (LOQ) (0.01 mg/kg), and with higher levels in grape and pomegranate. The only exception was AMPA, which had an LOQ of 0.05 mg/kg. In the APP column, AMPA could be determined with an LOQ of 0.01 mg/kg. Trimesium, which had poor retention in Torus DEA, performed better in an XBridge HILIC column (retention time = 4.2 min, LOQ = 0.01 mg/kg). The inter-laboratory validation experiment yielded comparable results with high accuracy and precision.
Conclusions
The method could screen the residues of all compounds on a Torus DEA column. For AMPA and trimesium, the APP and XBridge HILIC columns provided superior method performances. Since isotopically labeled internal standards were not required, the method appeared cost-effective. Considering its compliance with the SANTE/12682/2019 validation guidelines and EU-MRLs, the method can be recommended for regulatory testing purposes.
Highlights
A high-throughput residue analysis method targeting nine polar and ionic compounds in grape and pomegranate involved a single multiresidue extraction, followed by direct analysis using LC-MS/MS. A satisfactory method performance was achieved through intra- and inter-laboratory validation. The method sensitivity met the EU-MRLs and the SANTE/12682/2019 analytical quality control criteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raviraj Shinde
- National Reference Laboratory, ICAR-National Research Centre for Grapes , P.O. Manjri Farm , Pune 412307, India
| | - Kaushik Banerjee
- National Reference Laboratory, ICAR-National Research Centre for Grapes , P.O. Manjri Farm , Pune 412307, India
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Ranade YH, Saha S, Chandrashekar M, Sawant IS, Shinde RC, Pathak PD. Functionality of fructosphere bacteria Kocuria sediminis strain AC3 in plant growth promotion and biodegradation of the acephate in grape berries. Biologia (Bratisl) 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11756-022-01171-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Abstract
The extensive use of pesticides represents a risk to human health. Consequently, legal frameworks have been established to ensure food safety, including control programs for pesticide residues. In this context, the performance of analytical methods acquires special relevance. Such methods are expected to be able to determine the largest number of compounds at trace concentration levels in complex food matrices, which represents a great analytical challenge. Technical advances in mass spectrometry (MS) have led to the development of more efficient analytical methods for the determination of pesticides. This review provides an overview of current analytical strategies applied in pesticide analysis, with a special focus on MS methods. Current targeted MS methods allow the simultaneous determination of hundreds of pesticides, whereas non-targeted MS methods are now applicable to the identification of pesticide metabolites and transformation products. New trends in pesticide analysis are also presented, including approaches for the simultaneous determination of pesticide residues and other food contaminants (i.e., mega-methods), or the recent application of techniques such as ion mobility–mass spectrometry (IM–MS) for this purpose.
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Contamination status and health risk assessment of 31 mycotoxins in six edible and medicinal plants using a novel green defatting and depigmenting pretreatment coupled with LC-MS/MS. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2022.113401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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QuEChERS Method Combined with Gas- and Liquid-Chromatography High Resolution Mass Spectrometry to Screen and Confirm 237 Pesticides and Metabolites in Cottonseed Hull. SEPARATIONS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/separations9040091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Cottonseed hull is a livestock feed with large daily consumption. If pesticide residues exceed the standard, it is easy for them to be introduced into the human body through the food chain, with potential harm to consumer health. A method for multi-residue analysis of 237 pesticides and their metabolites in cottonseed hull was developed by gas-chromatography and liquid-chromatography time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC-QTOF/MS and LC-QTOF/MS). After being hydrated, a sample was extracted with 1% acetic acid in acetonitrile, then purified in a clean-up tube containing 400 mg MgSO4, 100 mg PSA, and 100 mg C18. The results showed that this method has a significant effect in removing co-extracts from the oily matrix. The screening detection limit (SDL) was in the range of 0.2–20 μg/kg, and the limit of quantification (LOQ) was in the range of 0.2–20 μg/kg. The recovery was verified at the spiked levels of 1-, 2-, and 10-times LOQ (n = 6), and the 237 pesticides were successfully verified. The percentages of pesticides with recovery in the range of 70–120% were 91.6%, 92.8%, and 94.5%, respectively, and the relative standard deviations (RSDs) of all pesticides were less than 20%. This method was successfully applied to the detection of real samples. Finally, this study effectively reduced the matrix effect of cottonseed hull, which provided necessary data support for the analysis of pesticide residues in oil crops.
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Majumder S, Mandal S, Majumder B, Paul A, Paul T, Sahana N, Mondal P. A liquid chromatographic method for determination of acetamiprid and buprofezin residues and their dissipation kinetics in paddy matrices and soil. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:1401-1412. [PMID: 34350578 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-15784-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The present study was conducted to investigate the residue status of two insecticides (acetamiprid and buprofezin) and their dissipation kinetics in three matrices viz. paddy grain, straw, and soil. The extraction procedure for residues of these two insecticides was executed using acetonitrile solvent. The analytical method was validated, which showed good linearity with the limit of quantification (LOQ) value of 0.01 and 0.02 mg kg-1 for acetamiprid and buprofezin, respectively. The recovery range was 79.67-98.33 % concerning all the matrices in both the insecticides. Acetamiprid (20% SP) and Buprofezin (25% SC) were applied separately in the paddy field in two doses: single dose (recommended dose) and double dose along with untreated control throughout the experiment. Residue analysis of these two insecticides in paddy (grain and straw) and soil was accomplished employing high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with ultraviolet (UV) detector and confirmed by ultra-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) coupled with mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS). The dissipation data showed that acetamiprid exhibited higher dissipation in comparison with buprofezin. However, their persistence was found slightly higher in soil. The dissipation dynamics in the rice and soil were discussed with biological half-lives of both the insecticides. Consumer risk assessment study was also made considering its fate to the consumers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sujan Majumder
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Vegetable Research, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Somnath Mandal
- Department of Biochemistry, Uttar Banga Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Pundibari, Cooch Behar, West Bengal, India
| | - Biswajit Majumder
- Quality Control Laboratory, Uttar Banga Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Pundibari, Cooch Behar, West Bengal, India
| | - Anindita Paul
- ICAR-Central Tobacco Research Institute, Rajahmundry, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Tarun Paul
- Department of Agronomy, Uttar Banga Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Pundibari, Cooch Behar, West Bengal, India
| | - Nandita Sahana
- Department of Biochemistry, Uttar Banga Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Pundibari, Cooch Behar, West Bengal, India
| | - Prithusayak Mondal
- Regional Research Station (Terai Zone), Uttar Banga Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Pundibari, Cooch Behar, West Bengal, India.
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PANASENKO S, SEYFULLAEVA M, REBEZOV M, RAMAZANOV I, MAYOROVA E, NIKISHIN A, PANKINA T, LEONOVA J, KHAYRULLIN M, AL-MAWLAWI ZS. Study on herbicide residues in soybean processing based on UPLC-MS/MS detection. FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/fst.111521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Maksim REBEZOV
- V. M. Gorbatov Federal Research Center for Food Systems of Russian Academy of Sciences, Russian Federation
| | | | - Elena MAYOROVA
- Plekhanov Russian University of Economics, Russian Federation
| | | | | | - Julia LEONOVA
- Plekhanov Russian University of Economics, Russian Federation
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Xu X, Fu M, Yang M, Hu B, Yang J, Gui W, Guo J. NaYF 4:Yb 3+(58%),Tm 3+@NaYF 4@Au nanocomposite for 4-nitrophenol ultrasensitive quantitative detection and highly efficient catalytic reduction. NEW J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2nj00740a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
NaYF4:Yb3+(58%),Tm3+@NaYF4@Au composite nanomaterials were designed and synthesized through condition optimization for the quantitative detection and catalytic reduction of 4-NP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Xu
- College of Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, P. R. China
| | - Meirong Fu
- College of Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, P. R. China
| | - Min Yang
- College of Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, P. R. China
| | - Bing Hu
- College of Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, P. R. China
| | - Jitao Yang
- College of Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, P. R. China
| | - Wenjun Gui
- College of Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, P. R. China
| | - Jinxiu Guo
- College of Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, P. R. China
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