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Rastegar E, Malekzadegan Y, Khashei R, Hadi N. Quinolone resistance and biofilm formation capability of uropathogenic Escherichia coli isolates from an Iranian inpatients' population. Mol Biol Rep 2023; 50:8073-8079. [PMID: 37540453 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-023-08704-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) is a major pathogen of the urinary tract infection (UTI), and biofilm formation is crucial as it facilitates the colonization in the urinary tract. We aimed to investigate the antibiotic susceptibility pattern, biofilm formation capability, distribution of quinolone resistance genes, and phylogenetic groups among UPEC isolates from an Iranian inpatients' community. METHODS AND RESULTS A collection of 126 UPEC obtained from hospitalized patients with symptomatic UTI at 3 teaching hospitals during 2016 were included. Antibiogram of all isolates against quinolone and fluoroquinolones was performed using the disk diffusion method. Phylogenetic groups and qnr A, B, and S genes were assessed by PCR. Susceptibility pattern showed that more than 50% and 81% of the isolates were resistant to fluoroquinolones and quinolones, correspondingly. The frequency of qnrS and qnrB genes was 22% and 13.5%, correspondingly. Our result indicated no significant association between the presence of fluoroquinolone genes and antibiotic resistance to them. The frequent common phylogroup was B2 (84.1%), followed by D (10.3%), A (3.2%) and B1 (2.4%) groups. Indeed, 80.2% of the isolates were biofilm producers, so that 42.1%, 16.7% and 21.4% of them were classified as weak, moderate and strong producers, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Our results showed considerable fluoroquinolone and quinolone resistance among UPEC along with a remarkable rate of biofilm-producing isolates from symptomatic hospitalized patients, making them a serious health concern in the region. This survey highlights the need for awareness on quinolone resistance and careful prescription of them by physicians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elham Rastegar
- Department of Bacteriology and Virology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | | | - Reza Khashei
- Department of Bacteriology and Virology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Nahal Hadi
- Department of Bacteriology and Virology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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Freire CA, Silva RM, Ruiz RC, Pimenta DC, Bryant JA, Henderson IR, Barbosa AS, Elias WP. Secreted Autotransporter Toxin (Sat) Mediates Innate Immune System Evasion. Front Immunol 2022; 13:844878. [PMID: 35251044 PMCID: PMC8891578 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.844878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Several strategies are used by Escherichia coli to evade the host innate immune system in the blood, such as the cleavage of complement system proteins by secreted proteases. Members of the Serine Proteases Autotransporters of Enterobacteriaceae (SPATE) family have been described as presenting proteolytic effects against complement proteins. Among the SPATE-encoding genes sat (secreted autotransporter toxin) has been detected in high frequencies among strains of E. coli isolated from bacteremia. Sat has been characterized for its cytotoxic action, but the possible immunomodulatory effects of Sat have not been investigated. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the proteolytic effects of Sat on complement proteins and the role in pathogenesis of BSI caused by extraintestinal E. coli (ExPEC). E. coli EC071 was selected as a Sat-producing ExPEC strain. Whole-genome sequencing showed that sat sequences of EC071 and uropathogenic E. coli CFT073 present 99% identity. EC071 was shown to be resistant to the bactericidal activity of normal human serum (NHS). Purified native Sat was used in proteolytic assays with proteins of the complement system and, except for C1q, all tested substrates were cleaved by Sat in a dose and time-dependent manner. Moreover, E. coli DH5α survived in NHS pre-incubated with Sat. EC071-derivative strains harboring sat knockout and in trans complementations producing either active or non-active Sat were tested in a murine sepsis model. Lethality was reduced by 50% when mice were inoculated with the sat mutant strain. The complemented strain producing active Sat partially restored the effect caused by the wild-type strain. The results presented in this study show that Sat presents immunomodulatory effects by cleaving several proteins of the three complement system pathways. Therefore, Sat plays an important role in the establishment of bloodstream infections and sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia A Freire
- Laboratório de Bacteriologia, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo, Brazil.,Institute of Microbiology and Infection, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Rosa M Silva
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Imunologia e Parasitologia, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rita C Ruiz
- Laboratório de Bacteriologia, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Daniel C Pimenta
- Laboratório de Bioquímica, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jack A Bryant
- Institute of Microbiology and Infection, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Ian R Henderson
- Institute of Microbiology and Infection, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom.,Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Angela S Barbosa
- Laboratório de Bacteriologia, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Waldir P Elias
- Laboratório de Bacteriologia, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo, Brazil
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Evaluation of Biofilm Formation and Virulence Genes and Association with Antibiotic Resistance Patterns of Uropathogenic Escherichia coli Strains in Southwestern Iran. Jundishapur J Microbiol 2021. [DOI: 10.5812/jjm.117785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) strains, encoding superficial and secretory virulence factors, can lead to colonization and facilitation of bacterial growth in the host urinary tract, causing Urinary Tract Infection (UTI). Objectives: This study determined the ability of biofilm formation by the Congo red agar method, the presence of virulence genes using the multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method, and the relationship between biofilm formation and antibiotic resistance patterns and virulence genes in E. coli clinical isolates in Yasuj. Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed on 144 UPEC isolates collected in 2017. Biofilm formation was detected by the Congo red agar phenotypic assay and virulence factors by the multiplex PCR method. Antibiotic resistance tests were performed by the Kirby-Bauer method. Results: Out of 144 isolates of E. coli, 22 (19.4%) isolates showed to be strong biofilm producers, 27 (23.8%) moderate biofilm producers, and 64 (56.3%) weak biofilm producers. A significant relationship was observed between biofilm-producing strains and resistance to ampicillin (P = 0.020) and cotrimoxazole (P = 0.038). The virulence genes in strong biofilm producers included iutA (95%), FimH (93%), ompT (90%), PAI (90%), and TraT (81%) genes. The phylogroup B2 carried the most virulence genes. A significant correlation was observed between E. coli phylogenetic groups and aer (P = 0.019), iroN (P = 0.042), and ompT (P = 0.032) virulence genes. Conclusions: The results of this study showed a high prevalence of virulence genes, and antibiotic-resistant E. coli strains capable of biofilm formation. The results of this study may help elucidate the pathogenesis of UPEC and facilitate better treatment strategies for patients with UTIs in this geographic area.
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Molecular Epidemiology of Multidrug-Resistant Uropathogenic Escherichia coli O25b Strains Associated with Complicated Urinary Tract Infection in Children. Microorganisms 2021; 9:microorganisms9112299. [PMID: 34835425 PMCID: PMC8623209 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9112299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Revised: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) has increased the incidence of urinary tract infection (UTI). It is the cause of more than 80% of community-acquired cystitis cases and more than 70% of uncomplicated acute pyelonephritis cases. Aim: The present study describes the molecular epidemiology of UPEC O25b clinical strains based on their resistance profiles, virulence genes, and genetic diversity. Methods: Resistance profiles were identified using the Kirby–Bauer method, including the phenotypic production of extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) and metallo-β-lactamases (MBLs). The UPEC serogroups, phylogenetic groups, virulence genes, and integrons were determined via multiplex PCR. Genetic diversity was established using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), and sequence type (ST) was determined via multilocus sequence typing (MLST). Results: UPEC strains (n = 126) from hospitalized children with complicated UTIs (cUTIs) were identified as O25b, of which 41.27% were multidrug resistant (MDR) and 15.87% were extensively drug resistant (XDR). The O25b strains harbored the fimH (95.23%), csgA (91.26%), papGII (80.95%), chuA (95.23%), iutD (88.09%), satA (84.92%), and intl1 (47.61%) genes. Moreover, 64.28% were producers of ESBLs and had high genetic diversity. ST131 (63.63%) was associated primarily with phylogenetic group B2, and ST69 (100%) was associated primarily with phylogenetic group D. Conclusion: UPEC O25b/ST131 harbors a wide genetic diversity of virulence and resistance genes, which contribute to cUTIs in pediatrics.
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Moeinizadeh H, Shaheli M. Frequency of hlyA, hlyB, hlyC and hlyD genes in uropathogenic Escherichia coli isolated from UTI patients in Shiraz. GMS HYGIENE AND INFECTION CONTROL 2021; 16:Doc25. [PMID: 34549018 PMCID: PMC8430235 DOI: 10.3205/dgkh000396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Background and objectives: One of the most important causes of urinary tract infections (UTI) is Escherichia coli. The infection is mainly due to the uropathogenic strain (UPEC), which has key virulence factors, including hemolysis. In this study, we evaluated the frequency of hlyA, hlyB, hlyC and hlyD genes in UPEC strains isolated from clinical samples from Shiraz city, Iran. Materials and methods: 130 urine samples with suspected UTI were collected from Shiraz medical centers and cultured on blood agar and EMB media. Colonies were then characterized by biochemical methods. The genomes were extracted and the presence of hemolysis genes was detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using hly gene specific primers and 16S rRNA. Drug resistance was assessed by using 10 antibiotic disks in the disk diffusion method, according to CLSI criteria. Results: Out of the 130 collected UTI samples, 100 were identified as UPECs. Within isolates, the hlyD gene had the highest frequency – 95% – and hlyC had the lowest, with 23%. The frequencies of hlyA and hlyB genes were calculated as 50% and 43%, respectively. The rates of antibiotic resistance to Azithromycin, Ampicillin, Cefotaxime, Nalidixic Acid, Tetracycline, Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole, Cefepime, Aztreonam, Gentamicin, and Nitrofurantoin were 95%, 86%, 68%, 66%, 65%, 64%, 51%, 46%, 44%, 14%, respectively. 98% of these isolates belonged to the MDR group. Conclusion: This study shows diversity of hemolysis virulence factor in UPECs and unique UPEC drug resistance that would indicate a high antibiotic use in the general population.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marjan Shaheli
- Department of Biology, Arsanjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Arsanjan, Iran
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Hernández-Chiñas U, Chávez-Berrocal ME, Ahumada-Cota RE, Navarro-Ocaña A, Rocha-Ramírez LM, Pérez-del Mazo Y, Alvarado-Cabello M, Pérez-Soto G, León-Alamilla LA, Acevedo-Monroy SE, Esquiliano D, Raya-Rivera AM, Eslava CA. Prospective Study in Children with Complicated Urinary Tract Infection Treated with Autologous Bacterial Lysates. Microorganisms 2021; 9:1811. [PMID: 34576707 PMCID: PMC8470462 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9091811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Revised: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial bacteria resistance is an important problem in children with recurrent urinary tract infections (rUTI), thus it is crucial to search for alternative therapies. Autologous bacterial lysates (ABL) may be a potential treatment for rUTI. Twenty-seven children with rUTI were evaluated for one year, urine and stool cultures were performed, 10 colonies of each culture were selected and those identified as Escherichia coli were characterized by serology. For patients who presented ≥105 UFC/mL, an ABL was manufactured and administered orally (1 mL/day) for a month. Twelve children were monitored for ≥1-year, 218 urine and 11 stool samples were analyzed. E. coli (80.5%) was the main bacteria isolated from urine and feces (72%). E. coli of classical urinary serotypes (UPEC), O25:H4, O75:HNM, and O9:HNM were identified in patients with persistent urinary infection (pUTI). In 54% of patients treated with ABL, the absence of bacteria was observed in urine samples after 3 months of treatment, 42% of these remained without UTI between 10-12 months. It was observed that the use of ABL controlled the infection for almost 1 year in more than 60% of the children. We consider it necessary to develop a polyvalent immunogen for the treatment and control of rUTI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulises Hernández-Chiñas
- Peripheral Unit of Basic and Clinical Research in Infectious Diseases, Public Health Department, Research Division, Faculty of Medicine Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Bacterial Pathogenicity Laboratory, Hemato-Oncology and Research Unit, Children’s Hospital of Mexico Federico Gómez, Dr. Márquez 162, Col. De los Doctores, Mexico City 06720, Mexico; (U.H.-C.); (M.E.C.-B.); (R.E.A.-C.); (S.E.A.-M.)
| | - María E. Chávez-Berrocal
- Peripheral Unit of Basic and Clinical Research in Infectious Diseases, Public Health Department, Research Division, Faculty of Medicine Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Bacterial Pathogenicity Laboratory, Hemato-Oncology and Research Unit, Children’s Hospital of Mexico Federico Gómez, Dr. Márquez 162, Col. De los Doctores, Mexico City 06720, Mexico; (U.H.-C.); (M.E.C.-B.); (R.E.A.-C.); (S.E.A.-M.)
| | - Ricardo E. Ahumada-Cota
- Peripheral Unit of Basic and Clinical Research in Infectious Diseases, Public Health Department, Research Division, Faculty of Medicine Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Bacterial Pathogenicity Laboratory, Hemato-Oncology and Research Unit, Children’s Hospital of Mexico Federico Gómez, Dr. Márquez 162, Col. De los Doctores, Mexico City 06720, Mexico; (U.H.-C.); (M.E.C.-B.); (R.E.A.-C.); (S.E.A.-M.)
| | - Armando Navarro-Ocaña
- Bacteriology Laboratory, Public Health Department, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Avenida Universidad 3000, Ciudad Universitaria, Mexico City 04510, Mexico; (A.N.-O.); (G.P.-S.); (L.A.L.-A.)
| | - Luz M. Rocha-Ramírez
- Unidad de Investigación en Enfermedades Infeccionas, Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez, Secretaría de Salud, Dr. Márquez 162, Col. Doctores, Mexico City 06720, Mexico;
| | - Yolanda Pérez-del Mazo
- Bacterial Pathogenicity Laboratory, Hemato-Oncology and Research Unit, Children’s Hospital of Mexico Federico Gómez, Faculty of Medicine Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Dr. Márquez 162, Col. De los Doctores, Mexico City 06720, Mexico; (Y.P.-d.M.); (M.A.-C.)
| | - Maribel Alvarado-Cabello
- Bacterial Pathogenicity Laboratory, Hemato-Oncology and Research Unit, Children’s Hospital of Mexico Federico Gómez, Faculty of Medicine Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Dr. Márquez 162, Col. De los Doctores, Mexico City 06720, Mexico; (Y.P.-d.M.); (M.A.-C.)
| | - Gabriel Pérez-Soto
- Bacteriology Laboratory, Public Health Department, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Avenida Universidad 3000, Ciudad Universitaria, Mexico City 04510, Mexico; (A.N.-O.); (G.P.-S.); (L.A.L.-A.)
| | - Luis A. León-Alamilla
- Bacteriology Laboratory, Public Health Department, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Avenida Universidad 3000, Ciudad Universitaria, Mexico City 04510, Mexico; (A.N.-O.); (G.P.-S.); (L.A.L.-A.)
| | - Salvador E. Acevedo-Monroy
- Peripheral Unit of Basic and Clinical Research in Infectious Diseases, Public Health Department, Research Division, Faculty of Medicine Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Bacterial Pathogenicity Laboratory, Hemato-Oncology and Research Unit, Children’s Hospital of Mexico Federico Gómez, Dr. Márquez 162, Col. De los Doctores, Mexico City 06720, Mexico; (U.H.-C.); (M.E.C.-B.); (R.E.A.-C.); (S.E.A.-M.)
| | - Diego Esquiliano
- Tissue Engineering Laboratory, Children’s Hospital of Mexico Federico Gómez, Dr. Márquez 162, Col. De los Doctores, Mexico City 06720, Mexico;
| | - Atlántida M. Raya-Rivera
- Tissue Engineering Laboratory, Children’s Hospital of Mexico Federico Gómez, Dr. Márquez 162, Col. De los Doctores, Mexico City 06720, Mexico;
| | - Carlos A. Eslava
- Peripheral Unit of Basic and Clinical Research in Infectious Diseases, Public Health Department, Research Division, Faculty of Medicine Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Bacterial Pathogenicity Laboratory, Hemato-Oncology and Research Unit, Children’s Hospital of Mexico Federico Gómez, Dr. Márquez 162, Col. De los Doctores, Mexico City 06720, Mexico; (U.H.-C.); (M.E.C.-B.); (R.E.A.-C.); (S.E.A.-M.)
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Talebi M, Najar-Peerayeh S, Bakhshi B. Hidden carbapenem resistance in the community- and hospital-associated OXA-48 gene-carrying uropathogenic Escherichia coli. GENE REPORTS 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.genrep.2020.100897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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8
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Characterization of Plasmid-Mediated Quinolone Resistance and Serogroup Distributions of Uropathogenic Escherichia coli among Iranian Kidney Transplant Patients. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:2850183. [PMID: 33195692 PMCID: PMC7641683 DOI: 10.1155/2020/2850183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Revised: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Introduction Urinary tract infection (UTI) is one of the most frequent infections in kidney transplant patients (KTPs). This infection is mainly caused by uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC). Plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) was also increasingly identified in UPEC. This study proposed to investigate the frequency of quinolone-resistance plasmid genes and the O-antigen serogroup among UPEC isolated from KTPs and non-KTP with UTI. Methods Totally, 114 UPEC isolates from 49 KTPs and 65 non-KTPs patients diagnosed with an UPEC-associated UTI were obtained from June 2019 to December 2019 at three laboratory centers in Isfahan, Iran. The isolates were confirmed through phenotypic and genotypic methods. Moreover, the antimicrobial susceptibility test to nalidixic acid, ciprofloxacin, norfloxacin, and ofloxacin was performed using a disk diffusion method. The presence of the qnr gene as well as the serogroup distribution was identified using the PCR method. Result According to data, the distribution of O1, O2, O4, O16, and O25 serogroups were 3.5%, 2.6, 3.5, 3.5, and 20.2%, respectively. Antibiotic susceptibility pattern revealed that the highest and lowest resistance rates were to nalidixic acid (69.3%) and norfloxacin (43.9%), respectively. Also, the frequency of qnrS and qnrB genes were 33.3% and 15.8%, respectively, while none of the isolates was found to be positive for the qnrA gene. There was no significant association between the presence of qnr genes and higher antibiotic resistance. Conclusion This study recognized that the qnrS gene, O25 serotype, and resistance to nalidixic acid had the highest frequencies in UPEC strains isolated from UTI patients.
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Insights on the genetic features of endometrial pathogenic Escherichia coli strains from pyometra in companion animals: Improving the knowledge about pathogenesis. INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION 2020; 85:104453. [DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2020.104453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Revised: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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10
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Halaji M, Shahidi S, Atapour A, Ataei B, Feizi A, Havaei SA. Characterization of Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase-Producing Uropathogenic Escherichia coli Among Iranian Kidney Transplant Patients. Infect Drug Resist 2020; 13:1429-1437. [PMID: 32523361 PMCID: PMC7237106 DOI: 10.2147/idr.s248572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction The aim of this study was to investigate the antimicrobial susceptibility pattern and the presence of ESBLs among the uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) isolated from kidney transplant patients (KTP) and community-acquired urinary tract infections (UTIs) using phenotypic and molecular methods. Materials and Methods A total of 111 pure cultures of UPEC isolates were collected from 65 and 46 of non-KTP and KTPs with UTIs. The pattern and ESBL production of the strains were evaluated. PCR reaction to detect the presence of bla SHV, bla TEM, and bla CTX-M genes was performed. Results The results revealed that most of UPEC isolates obtained from KTPs and control group were resistant to trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (84.8% vs 46.2%), while carbapenems (100% sensitivity) were the most effective against UPEC isolates. ESBL-producing strains were significantly more frequent in KTPs compared with control group (43.5% vs 23.1%, P = 0.021). The molecular results revealed that 53.2% (59/111), 45% (50/111), and 5.4% (6/111) of isolates harbored bla CTX-M, bla TEM, and bla SHV genes, respectively. Of the genes investigated, bla CTX-M and bla TEM genes were significantly higher among KTP than the control group. Conclusion Our results showed a high proportion of multidrug-resistant and ESBL-producing isolates, which most of them harbor blaCTX-M. A significant high co-resistance to different classes of antibiotics was reported from ESBL-producing UPEC from KTPs, which remains a serious clinical challenge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehrdad Halaji
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.,Nosocomial Infection Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Shahrzad Shahidi
- Isfahan Kidney Diseases Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Abdolamir Atapour
- Isfahan Kidney Diseases Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Behrooz Ataei
- Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Awat Feizi
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Seyed Asghar Havaei
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.,Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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Halaji M, Shahidi S, Atapour A, Ataei B, Feizi A, Havaei SA. <p>Characterization of Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase-Producing Uropathogenic <em>Escherichia coli</em> Among Iranian Kidney Transplant Patients</p>. Infect Drug Resist 2020. [DOI: 10.2147/idr.s248572 and 21=21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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12
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Freire CA, Santos ACM, Pignatari AC, Silva RM, Elias WP. Serine protease autotransporters of Enterobacteriaceae (SPATEs) are largely distributed among Escherichia coli isolated from the bloodstream. Braz J Microbiol 2020; 51:447-454. [PMID: 31965549 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-020-00224-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2019] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli (ExPEC) is the major cause of Gram-negative-related sepsis. Bacterial survival in the bloodstream is mediated by a variety of virulence traits, including those mediating immune system evasion. Serine protease autotransporters of Enterobacteriaceae (SPATE) constitute a superfamily of virulence factors that can cause tissue damage and cleavage of molecules of the complement system, which is a key feature for the establishment of infection in the bloodstream. In this study, we analyzed 278 E. coli strains isolated from human bacteremia from inpatients of both genders, different ages, and clinical conditions. These strains were screened for the presence of SPATE-encoding genes as well as for phylogenetic classification and intrinsic virulence of ExPEC. SPATE-encoding genes were detected in 61.2% of the strains and most of these strains (44.6%) presented distinct SPATE-encoding gene profiles. sat was the most frequent gene among the entire collection, found in 34.2%, followed by vat (28.4%), pic (8.3%), and tsh (4.7%). Although in low frequencies, espC (0.7%), eatA (1.1%), and espI (1.1%) were detected and are being reported for the first time in extraintestinal isolates. The presence of SPATE-encoding genes was positively associated to phylogroup B2 and intrinsic virulent strains. These findings suggest that SPATEs are highly prevalent and involved in diverse steps of the pathogenesis of bacteremia caused by E. coli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia A Freire
- Laboratório de Bacteriologia, Instituto Butantan, Avenida Vital Brazil 1500, São Paulo, SP, 05503-900, Brazil
| | - Ana Carolina M Santos
- Disciplina de Microbiologia, Departamento de Microbiologia, Imunologia e Parasitologia, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Antonio C Pignatari
- Laboratório Especial de Microbiologia Clínica, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Rosa M Silva
- Disciplina de Microbiologia, Departamento de Microbiologia, Imunologia e Parasitologia, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Waldir P Elias
- Laboratório de Bacteriologia, Instituto Butantan, Avenida Vital Brazil 1500, São Paulo, SP, 05503-900, Brazil.
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