1
|
Wang G, Shi G, Yang A, Wang B, Shen C, Chen J, Reiter G, Zhang B. Determining the maximum melting temperature of polymer crystals from a change in morphology of dewetting rims. POLYMER 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2023.125874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
|
2
|
Gjennestad MA, Wilhelmsen Ø. Thermodynamic Stability of Volatile Droplets and Thin Films Governed by Disjoining Pressure in Open and Closed Containers. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2020; 36:7879-7893. [PMID: 32519871 PMCID: PMC7467777 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.0c00960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Revised: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Distributed thin films of water and their coexistence with droplets are investigated using a capillary description based on a thermodynamic fundamental relation for the film Helmholtz energy, derived from disjoining pressure isotherms and an accurate equation of state. Gas-film and film-solid interfacial tensions are derived, and the latter has a dependence on film thickness. The resulting energy functionals from the capillary description are discretized, and stationary states are identified. The thermodynamic stability of configurations with thin films in systems that are closed (canonical ensemble) or connected to a particle reservoir (grand canonical ensemble) is evaluated by considering the eigenvalues of the corresponding Hessian matrices. The conventional stability criterion from the literature states that thin flat films are stable when the derivative of the disjoining pressure with respect to the film thickness is negative. This criterion is found to apply only in open systems. A closer inspection of the eigenvectors of the negative eigenvalues shows that condensation/evaporation destabilizes the film in an open system. In closed systems, thin films can be stable even though the disjoining pressure derivative is positive, and their stability is governed by mechanical instabilities of a similar kind to those responsible for spinodal dewetting in nonvolatile systems. The films are stabilized when their thickness and disjoining pressure derivative are such that the minimum unstable wavelength is larger than the container diameter. Droplets in coexistence with thin films are found to be unstable for all considered examples in open systems. In closed systems, they are found to be stable under certain conditions. The unstable droplets in both open and closed systems are saddle points in their respective energy landscapes. In the closed system, they represent the activation barrier for the transition between a stable film and a stable droplet. In the open system, the unstable droplets represent the activation barrier for the transition from a film into a bulk liquid phase. Thin films are found to be the equilibrium configuration up to a certain value of the total density in a closed system. Beyond this value, there is a morphological phase transition to stable droplet configurations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Magnus Aa. Gjennestad
- PoreLab/Department
of Physics, Norwegian University of Science
and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Øivind Wilhelmsen
- PoreLab/SINTEF
Energy Research, 7034 Trondheim, Norway
- Department
of Energy and Process Engineering, Norwegian
University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Mulama AA, Chandran S, Roumpos K, Oduor AO, Reiter G. Dewetting Rheology for Determining Viscoelastic Properties of Nonequilibrated Thin Polymer Films. Macromolecules 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.9b01384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Austine A. Mulama
- Physikalisches Institut, Fakultät für Mathematik und Physik, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität, Freiburg 79104, Germany
- Department of Physics and Materials Science, School of Biological and Physical Sciences, Maseno University, PO Box 333-40105, Maseno, Kenya
| | - Sivasurender Chandran
- Physikalisches Institut, Fakultät für Mathematik und Physik, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität, Freiburg 79104, Germany
| | - Konstantinos Roumpos
- Physikalisches Institut, Fakultät für Mathematik und Physik, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität, Freiburg 79104, Germany
| | - Andrew O. Oduor
- Department of Physics and Materials Science, School of Biological and Physical Sciences, Maseno University, PO Box 333-40105, Maseno, Kenya
| | - Günter Reiter
- Physikalisches Institut, Fakultät für Mathematik und Physik, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität, Freiburg 79104, Germany
- Freiburg Center for Interactive Materials and Bio-inspired Technologies (FIT), Albert-Ludwigs-Universität, Freiburg 79110, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Barraud C, Cross B, Picard C, Restagno F, Léger L, Charlaix E. Large slippage and depletion layer at the polyelectrolyte/solid interface. SOFT MATTER 2019; 15:6308-6317. [PMID: 31342048 DOI: 10.1039/c9sm00910h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The slippage of polymer solutions on solid surfaces is often attributed to a depletion layer whose origin, thickness, and interaction with the flow are poorly understood. Using a Dynamic Surface Force Apparatus we report a structural and nanorheological study of the interface between hydrolyzed poly-acrylamide solutions and platinum surfaces. Polyelectrolyte chains adsorb on the surfaces in a thin charged layer, acting as a nonattractive wall for the bulk solution. We investigate the flow of the visco-elastic solution on the adsorbed layer from the nanometer to 10 micrometers, bridging microscopic to macroscopic properties. At distances larger than 200 nanometers, the flow is well described by an apparent slip boundary condition. At smaller distance the apparent slip is found to decrease with the gap. In contrast to the apparent slip model, we show that a 2-fluids model taking into account the finite thickness of depletion layers at the non-attractive wall describes accurately the dynamic forces over 4 spatial decades of confinement. Depletion layers are found to be an equilibrium property of the interface, independent on the flow and on the confinement. Their thickness is phenomenologically described by ξ + 2lD with ξ the correlation length of the semi-dilute solutions and lD the Debye length. We interpret this result in terms of screened repulsion between the charged adsorbed layer and the bulk polyions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chloé Barraud
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, LIPhy, 38000 Grenoble, France.
| | - Benjamin Cross
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, LIPhy, 38000 Grenoble, France.
| | - Cyril Picard
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, LIPhy, 38000 Grenoble, France.
| | - Fréderic Restagno
- Laboratoire de Physique des Solides, CNRS, Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 91405 Orsay Cedex, France
| | - Lilianne Léger
- Laboratoire de Physique des Solides, CNRS, Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 91405 Orsay Cedex, France
| | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Peschka D, Haefner S, Marquant L, Jacobs K, Münch A, Wagner B. Signatures of slip in dewetting polymer films. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2019; 116:9275-9284. [PMID: 31004049 PMCID: PMC6510987 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1820487116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Thin polymer films on hydrophobic substrates are susceptible to rupture and hole formation. This, in turn, initiates a complex dewetting process, which ultimately leads to characteristic droplet patterns. Experimental and theoretical studies suggest that the type of droplet pattern depends on the specific interfacial condition between the polymer and the substrate. Predicting the morphological evolution over long timescales and on the different length scales involved is a major computational challenge. In this study, a highly adaptive numerical scheme is presented, which allows for following the dewetting process deep into the nonlinear regime of the model equations and captures the complex dynamics, including the shedding of droplets. In addition, our numerical results predict the previously unknown shedding of satellite droplets during the destabilization of liquid ridges that form during the late stages of the dewetting process. While the formation of satellite droplets is well known in the context of elongating fluid filaments and jets, we show here that, for dewetting liquid ridges, this property can be dramatically altered by the interfacial condition between polymer and substrate, namely slip. This work shows how dissipative processes can be used to systematically tune the formation of patterns.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dirk Peschka
- Weierstrass Institute for Applied Analysis and Stochastics, 10117 Berlin, Germany;
| | - Sabrina Haefner
- Experimental Physics and Center for Biophysics, Saarland University, 66041 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Ludovic Marquant
- Experimental Physics and Center for Biophysics, Saarland University, 66041 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Karin Jacobs
- Experimental Physics and Center for Biophysics, Saarland University, 66041 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Andreas Münch
- Mathematical Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford OX2 6GG, United Kingdom
| | - Barbara Wagner
- Weierstrass Institute for Applied Analysis and Stochastics, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Kaptay G. The chemical (not mechanical) paradigm of thermodynamics of colloid and interface science. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2018; 256:163-192. [PMID: 29705027 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2018.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2017] [Revised: 03/25/2018] [Accepted: 04/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
In the most influential monograph on colloid and interfacial science by Adamson three fundamental equations of "physical chemistry of surfaces" are identified: the Laplace equation, the Kelvin equation and the Gibbs adsorption equation, with a mechanical definition of surface tension by Young as a starting point. Three of them (Young, Laplace and Kelvin) are called here the "mechanical paradigm". In contrary it is shown here that there is only one fundamental equation of the thermodynamics of colloid and interface science and all the above (and other) equations of this field follow as its derivatives. This equation is due to chemical thermodynamics of Gibbs, called here the "chemical paradigm", leading to the definition of surface tension and to 5 rows of equations (see Graphical abstract). The first row is the general equation for interfacial forces, leading to the Young equation, to the Bakker equation and to the Laplace equation, etc. Although the principally wrong extension of the Laplace equation formally leads to the Kelvin equation, using the chemical paradigm it becomes clear that the Kelvin equation is generally incorrect, although it provides right results in special cases. The second row of equations provides equilibrium shapes and positions of phases, including sessile drops of Young, crystals of Wulff, liquids in capillaries, etc. The third row of equations leads to the size-dependent equations of molar Gibbs energies of nano-phases and chemical potentials of their components; from here the corrected versions of the Kelvin equation and its derivatives (the Gibbs-Thomson equation and the Freundlich-Ostwald equation) are derived, including equations for more complex problems. The fourth row of equations is the nucleation theory of Gibbs, also contradicting the Kelvin equation. The fifth row of equations is the adsorption equation of Gibbs, and also the definition of the partial surface tension, leading to the Butler equation and to its derivatives, including the Langmuir equation and the Szyszkowski equation. Positioning the single fundamental equation of Gibbs into the thermodynamic origin of colloid and interface science leads to a coherent set of correct equations of this field. The same provides the chemical (not mechanical) foundation of the chemical (not mechanical) discipline of colloid and interface science.
Collapse
|
7
|
Telford AM, Thickett SC, Neto C. Functional patterned coatings by thin polymer film dewetting. J Colloid Interface Sci 2017; 507:453-469. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2017.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2017] [Revised: 06/28/2017] [Accepted: 07/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
|
8
|
Hénot M, Chennevière A, Drockenmuller E, Léger L, Restagno F. Comparison of the Slip of a PDMS Melt on Weakly Adsorbing Surfaces Measured by a New Photobleaching-Based Technique. Macromolecules 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.7b00601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marceau Hénot
- Laboratoire
de Physique des Solides, CNRS, Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 91405 Orsay, Cedex, France
| | - Alexis Chennevière
- Laboratoire
de Physique des Solides, CNRS, Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 91405 Orsay, Cedex, France
- Laboratoire Léon
Brillouin CEA, CNRS, CEA Saclay, 91191 Gif sur Yvette Cedex, France
| | - Eric Drockenmuller
- Univ
Lyon, Université Lyon 1, CNRS, Ingénierie des Matériaux Polymères, UMR 5223, F-69003 Lyon, France
| | - Liliane Léger
- Laboratoire
de Physique des Solides, CNRS, Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 91405 Orsay, Cedex, France
| | - Frédéric Restagno
- Laboratoire
de Physique des Solides, CNRS, Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 91405 Orsay, Cedex, France
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
McGraw JD, Klos M, Bridet A, Hähl H, Paulus M, Castillo JM, Horsch M, Jacobs K. Influence of bidisperse self-assembled monolayer structure on the slip boundary condition of thin polymer films. J Chem Phys 2017; 146:203326. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4978676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Joshua D. McGraw
- Soft Matter Physics Group, Experimental Physics, Saarland University, 66041 Saarbrücken, Germany
- Département de Physique, Ecole Normale Supérieure/PSL Research University, CNRS, 24 Rue Lhomond, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Mischa Klos
- Soft Matter Physics Group, Experimental Physics, Saarland University, 66041 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Antoine Bridet
- Soft Matter Physics Group, Experimental Physics, Saarland University, 66041 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Hendrik Hähl
- Soft Matter Physics Group, Experimental Physics, Saarland University, 66041 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Michael Paulus
- Fakultät Physik/DELTA, TU Dortmund, 44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Juan Manuel Castillo
- Laboratory of Engineering Thermodynamics, University of Kaiserslautern, Erwin-Schrödinger-Strasse 44, 67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Martin Horsch
- Laboratory of Engineering Thermodynamics, University of Kaiserslautern, Erwin-Schrödinger-Strasse 44, 67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Karin Jacobs
- Soft Matter Physics Group, Experimental Physics, Saarland University, 66041 Saarbrücken, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Abstract
Classical hydrodynamic models predict that infinite work is required to move a three-phase contact line, defined here as the line where a liquid/vapor interface intersects a solid surface. Assuming a slip boundary condition, in which the liquid slides against the solid, such an unphysical prediction is avoided. In this article, we present the results of experiments in which a contact line moves and where slip is a dominating and controllable factor. Spherical cap-shaped polystyrene microdroplets, with nonequilibrium contact angle, are placed on solid self-assembled monolayer coatings from which they dewet. The relaxation is monitored using in situ atomic force microscopy. We find that slip has a strong influence on the droplet evolutions, both on the transient nonspherical shapes and contact line dynamics. The observations are in agreement with scaling analysis and boundary element numerical integration of the governing Stokes equations, including a Navier slip boundary condition.
Collapse
|
11
|
Sabzevari SM, McGraw JD, Wood-Adams P. Short chains enhance slip of highly entangled polystyrenes during thin film dewetting. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra15606a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigate the effect of short chains on slip of highly entangled polystyrenes (PS) during thin film dewetting from non-wetting fluorinated surfaces.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S. Mostafa Sabzevari
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering
- Concordia University
- Montreal
- Canada
| | - Joshua D. McGraw
- Soft Matter Physics Group
- Experimental Physics
- Saarland University
- 66041 Saarbrücken
- Germany
| | - Paula Wood-Adams
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering
- Concordia University
- Montreal
- Canada
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Sabzevari SM, McGraw JD, Jacobs K, Wood–Adams P. Sacrificial mica substrates influence the slip boundary condition of dewetting polymer films. POLYMER 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2015.08.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
|