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Picciotto G, Fabio RA. Does stress induction affect cognitive performance or avoidance of cognitive effort? Stress Health 2024; 40:e3280. [PMID: 37306658 DOI: 10.1002/smi.3280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 05/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Previous research has shown that acute psychosocial stress impairs cognitive abilities, but recent studies suggest that this may be due to a decrease in willingness to engage in cognitive effort rather than a direct effect on performance. The aim of the present study was to replicate this last research and verify the influence of acute stress on avoidance of cognitive effort and cognitive performance. Fifty young, healthy individuals (26 females, 24 males) aged between 18 and 40 years were randomly assigned to two groups: a stress condition and a control condition. We used a Demand Selection Task paradigm (DST), in which participants chose between performing tasks that required either high or low cognitive effort. Stress was induced through the Trier Social Stress Test (TSST) and measured with both subjective and psychophysiological measurements. The results indicated that acute stress significantly increased participants' preference for less demanding behaviors, while no significant alterations in cognitive performance in task change activities were found. This study offers new perspectives on how stress affects behavior and decision-making in everyday life.
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Godino JG, Wing D, de Zambotti M, Baker FC, Bagot K, Inkelis S, Pautz C, Higgins M, Nichols J, Brumback T, Chevance G, Colrain IM, Patrick K, Tapert SF. Performance of a commercial multi-sensor wearable (Fitbit Charge HR) in measuring physical activity and sleep in healthy children. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0237719. [PMID: 32886714 PMCID: PMC7473549 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0237719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study sought to assess the performance of the Fitbit Charge HR, a consumer-level multi-sensor activity tracker, to measure physical activity and sleep in children. METHODS 59 healthy boys and girls aged 9-11 years old wore a Fitbit Charge HR, and accuracy of physical activity measures were evaluated relative to research-grade measures taken during a combination of 14 standardized laboratory- and field-based assessments of sitting, stationary cycling, treadmill walking or jogging, stair walking, outdoor walking, and agility drills. Accuracy of sleep measures were evaluated relative to polysomnography (PSG) in 26 boys and girls during an at-home unattended PSG overnight recording. The primary analyses included assessment of the agreement (biases) between measures using the Bland-Altman method, and epoch-by-epoch (EBE) analyses on a minute-by-minute basis. RESULTS Fitbit Charge HR underestimated steps (~11.8 steps per minute), heart rate (~3.58 bpm), and metabolic equivalents (~0.55 METs per minute) and overestimated energy expenditure (~0.34 kcal per minute) relative to research-grade measures (p< 0.05). The device showed an overall accuracy of 84.8% for classifying moderate and vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and sedentary and light physical activity (SLPA) (sensitivity MVPA: 85.4%; specificity SLPA: 83.1%). Mean estimates of bias for measuring total sleep time, wake after sleep onset, and heart rate during sleep were 14 min, 9 min, and 1.06 bpm, respectively, with 95.8% sensitivity in classifying sleep and 56.3% specificity in classifying wake epochs. CONCLUSIONS Fitbit Charge HR had adequate sensitivity in classifying moderate and vigorous intensity physical activity and sleep, but had limitations in detecting wake, and was more accurate in detecting heart rate during sleep than during exercise, in healthy children. Further research is needed to understand potential challenges and limitations of these consumer devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Job G. Godino
- Exercise and Physical Activity Resource Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
- Center for Wireless and Population Health Systems, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - David Wing
- Exercise and Physical Activity Resource Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
- Center for Wireless and Population Health Systems, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | | | - Fiona C. Baker
- Center for Health Sciences, SRI International, Menlo Park, California, United States of America
| | - Kara Bagot
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - Sarah Inkelis
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - Carina Pautz
- Exercise and Physical Activity Resource Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - Michael Higgins
- Exercise and Physical Activity Resource Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
- Center for Wireless and Population Health Systems, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - Jeanne Nichols
- Exercise and Physical Activity Resource Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
- Center for Wireless and Population Health Systems, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - Ty Brumback
- Department of Psychological Science, Northern Kentucky University, Highland Heights, Kentucky, United States of America
| | - Guillaume Chevance
- Exercise and Physical Activity Resource Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
- Center for Wireless and Population Health Systems, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - Ian M. Colrain
- Center for Health Sciences, SRI International, Menlo Park, California, United States of America
| | - Kevin Patrick
- Exercise and Physical Activity Resource Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
- Center for Wireless and Population Health Systems, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - Susan F. Tapert
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
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Comparison of a Wearable Tracker with Actigraph for Classifying Physical Activity Intensity and Heart Rate in Children. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:ijerph16152663. [PMID: 31349667 PMCID: PMC6695962 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16152663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Revised: 07/19/2019] [Accepted: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: To examine the validity and reliability of the Fitbit Charge HR (FCH), wrist-worn ActiGraph (AG) accelerometers were used for assessing the classification of physical activity (PA) into intensity categories in children. Methods: Forty-three children (n = 43) participated in the study. Each participant completed 3 min bouts of 12 PAs ranging from sedentary to vigorous intensity while simultaneously wearing FCH and AG on both hands, a Polar HR monitor, and a portable indirect calorimeter. Total time spent in different PA intensity levels measured by FCH and AG were compared to the indirect calorimetry. Results: The highest classification accuracy values of sedentary behavior was 81.1% for FCH. The highest classification (72.4%) of light intensity PA was observed with Crouter’s algorithm from the non-dominant wrist. Crouter’s algorithm also show the highest classification (81.8%) for assessing moderate to vigorous intensity PA compared to FCH (70.8%). Across the devices, a high degree of reliability was found in step measurements, ranging from an intra-class correlation (ICC) = 0.92 to an ICC = 0.94. The reliability of the AG and the FCH showed high agreement for each variable. Conclusion: The FCH shows better validity for estimating sedentary behavior and similar validity for assessing moderate to vigorous PA compared to the research-grade monitor. Across the devices, the reliability showed the strongest association.
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Phan DV, Chan CL, Pan RH, Yang NP, Hsu HC, Ting HW, Lai KR, Lin KB. Investigating the effect of daily sleep on memory capacity in college students. Technol Health Care 2019; 27:183-194. [DOI: 10.3233/thc-181350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dinh-Van Phan
- Department of Information Management, Yuan-Ze University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Innovation Center for Big Data and Digital Convergence, Yuan-Ze University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Faculty of Statistics and Informatics, University of Economics, The University of Danang, Vietnam
| | - Chien-Lung Chan
- Department of Information Management, Yuan-Ze University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Innovation Center for Big Data and Digital Convergence, Yuan-Ze University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Ren-Hao Pan
- Department of Information Management, Yuan-Ze University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Innovation Center for Big Data and Digital Convergence, Yuan-Ze University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Nan-Ping Yang
- Department of Surgery and Orthopedics, Keelung Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Keelung, Taiwan
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsiu-Chen Hsu
- Department of Information Management, Yuan-Ze University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Innovation Center for Big Data and Digital Convergence, Yuan-Ze University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Hsien-Wei Ting
- Department of Information Management, Yuan-Ze University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Taipei Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taiwan
| | - K. Robert Lai
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Yuan-Ze University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Kai-Biao Lin
- School of Computer and Information Engineering, Xiamen University of Technology, Xiamen, Fujian, China
- Engineering Research Center for Medical Data Mining and Application, Fujian, China
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A Study of the Effects of Daily Physical Activity on Memory and Attention Capacities in College Students. JOURNAL OF HEALTHCARE ENGINEERING 2018; 2018:2942930. [PMID: 29765585 PMCID: PMC5885397 DOI: 10.1155/2018/2942930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2017] [Revised: 01/16/2018] [Accepted: 02/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
This study evaluated the relationship between daily physical activity (DPA) and memory capacity, as well as the association between daily activity and attention capacity, in college students in Taiwan. Participants (mean age = 20.79) wore wearable trackers for 106 days in order to collect DPA. These data were analyzed in association with their memory and attention capacities, as assessed using the spatial span test (SST) and the trail making test (TMT). The study showed significant negative correlations between memory capacity, time spent on the attention test (TSAT), calories burnt, and very active time duration (VATD) on the day before testing (r = −0.272, r = −0.176, r = 0.289, r = 0.254, resp.) and during the week prior to testing (r = −0.364, r = −0.395, r = 0.268, r = 0.241, resp.). The calories burnt and the VATD per day thresholds, which at best discriminated between normal-to-good and low attention capacity, were ≥2283 calories day−1, ≥20 minutes day−1 of very high activity (VHA) on the day before testing, or ≥13,640 calories week−1, ≥76 minutes week−1 of VHA during the week prior to testing. Findings indicated the short-term effects that VATD and calories burnt on the day before or during the week before testing significantly and negatively associated with memory and attention capacities of college students.
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