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Choi Y, Cha J, Choi S. Evaluation of penalized and machine learning methods for asthma disease prediction in the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study (KoGES). BMC Bioinformatics 2024; 25:56. [PMID: 38308205 PMCID: PMC10837879 DOI: 10.1186/s12859-024-05677-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/04/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Genome-wide association studies have successfully identified genetic variants associated with human disease. Various statistical approaches based on penalized and machine learning methods have recently been proposed for disease prediction. In this study, we evaluated the performance of several such methods for predicting asthma using the Korean Chip (KORV1.1) from the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study (KoGES). RESULTS First, single-nucleotide polymorphisms were selected via single-variant tests using logistic regression with the adjustment of several epidemiological factors. Next, we evaluated the following methods for disease prediction: ridge, least absolute shrinkage and selection operator, elastic net, smoothly clipped absolute deviation, support vector machine, random forest, boosting, bagging, naïve Bayes, and k-nearest neighbor. Finally, we compared their predictive performance based on the area under the curve of the receiver operating characteristic curves, precision, recall, F1-score, Cohen's Kappa, balanced accuracy, error rate, Matthews correlation coefficient, and area under the precision-recall curve. Additionally, three oversampling algorithms are used to deal with imbalance problems. CONCLUSIONS Our results show that penalized methods exhibit better predictive performance for asthma than that achieved via machine learning methods. On the other hand, in the oversampling study, randomforest and boosting methods overall showed better prediction performance than penalized methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongjun Choi
- Department of Applied Artificial Intelligence, College of Computing, Hanyang University, 55 Hanyang-daehak-ro, Sangnok-gu, Ansan, 15588, South Korea
| | - Junho Cha
- Department of Applied Artificial Intelligence, College of Computing, Hanyang University, 55 Hanyang-daehak-ro, Sangnok-gu, Ansan, 15588, South Korea
| | - Sungkyoung Choi
- Department of Applied Artificial Intelligence, College of Computing, Hanyang University, 55 Hanyang-daehak-ro, Sangnok-gu, Ansan, 15588, South Korea.
- Department of Mathematical Data Science, College of Science and Convergence Technology, Hanyang University, 55 Hanyang-daehak-ro, Sangnok-gu, Ansan, 15588, South Korea.
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Ali Y, Chen Y, Islam ZU, Aman A, Almutairi MM, Alouffi A, Mohammed A, Shah AA, Rehman ZU, Hussain I, Ali A, Jalil F. MIR149 rs2292832 and MIR499 rs3746444 Genetic Variants Associated with the Risk of Rheumatoid Arthritis. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:431. [PMID: 36833357 PMCID: PMC9956572 DOI: 10.3390/genes14020431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 01/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that play a key role in post-transcriptional modulation of individual genes' expression. Several miRNA variants from different populations are known to be associated with an increased risk of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). AIM This study was undertaken with the aim to investigate the association of single nucleotide variants; namely, rs2292832, rs3746444, rs11614913, rs1044165, and rs767649 of MIR149, MIR499, MIR196, MIR223, and MIR155, respectively, with RA in the Pakistani population. METHODS A case-control study was performed by recruiting and genotyping a total of 600 individuals (300 cases and 300 controls) for these five variants using a TaqMan single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotyping assay. The resultant genotypic data was statistically analyzed through a chi-squared test for its association with RA under different inheritance models. RESULTS We found a significant association of rs2292832 with RA at genotypic (co-dominant (p < 0.0001), dominant (CC vs. TT + CT: OR 2.063 (1.437-2.962); p = 0.0001), recessive (TT vs. CT + CC: OR 0.376 (0.259-0.548); p < 0.0001)), and allelic (allele C) levels ((OR 0.506 (0.402-0637); p < 0.0001)). Similarly, the rs3746444 showed a significant association with RA under co-dominant (p = 0.0001), dominant (GG vs. AA + AG: OR 5.246 (3.414-8.061); p < 0.0001), recessive (AA vs. GG + AG: OR 0.653 (0.466-0.916); p = 0.014), and additive models (G vs. A; OR 0.779 (0.620-0.978); p = 0.03). However, we did not observe any significant association of rs11614913, rs1044165, or rs767649 with RA in our subjects. CONCLUSION To our knowledge, this was the first study that investigated and found an association between functional polymorphisms in miRNAs and RA in the Pakistani population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasir Ali
- Department of Biotechnology, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan 23200, Pakistan
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Yangchao Chen
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Zia Ul Islam
- Department of Biotechnology, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan 23200, Pakistan
| | - Aisha Aman
- Department of Biotechnology, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan 23200, Pakistan
| | - Mashal M. Almutairi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulaziz Alouffi
- King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology, Riyadh 12354, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aymen Mohammed
- Division of Molecular Therapeutics and Formulation, School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Aftab Ali Shah
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Malakand, Chakdara 18800, Pakistan
| | | | - Ibrar Hussain
- Department of Medicine, Lady Reading Hospital (LRH), Peshawar 25000, Pakistan
| | - Abid Ali
- Department of Zoology, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan 23200, Pakistan
| | - Fazal Jalil
- Department of Biotechnology, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan 23200, Pakistan
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Cañas JA, Rodrigo-Muñoz JM, Sastre B, Gil-Martinez M, Redondo N, del Pozo V. MicroRNAs as Potential Regulators of Immune Response Networks in Asthma and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. Front Immunol 2021; 11:608666. [PMID: 33488613 PMCID: PMC7819856 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.608666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic respiratory diseases (CRDs) are an important factor of morbidity and mortality, accounting for approximately 6% of total deaths worldwide. The main CRDs are asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). These complex diseases have different triggers including allergens, pollutants, tobacco smoke, and other risk factors. It is important to highlight that although CRDs are incurable, various forms of treatment improve shortness of breath and quality of life. The search for tools that can ensure accurate diagnosis and treatment is crucial. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs and have been described as promising diagnostic and therapeutic biomarkers for CRDs. They are implicated in multiple processes of asthma and COPD, regulating pathways associated with inflammation, thereby showing that miRNAs are critical regulators of the immune response. Indeed, miRNAs have been found to be deregulated in several biofluids (sputum, bronchoalveolar lavage, and serum) and in both structural lung and immune cells of patients in comparison to healthy subjects, showing their potential role as biomarkers. Also, miRNAs play a part in the development or termination of histopathological changes and comorbidities, revealing the complexity of miRNA regulation and opening up new treatment possibilities. Finally, miRNAs have been proposed as prognostic tools in response to both conventional and biologic treatments for asthma or COPD, and miRNA-based treatment has emerged as a potential approach for clinical intervention in these respiratory diseases; however, this field is still in development. The present review applies a systems biology approach to the understanding of miRNA regulatory networks in asthma and COPD, summarizing their roles in pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- José A. Cañas
- Immunoallergy Laboratory, Immunology Department, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Fundación Jiménez Díaz (IIS-FJD), Madrid, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Madrid, Spain
| | - José M. Rodrigo-Muñoz
- Immunoallergy Laboratory, Immunology Department, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Fundación Jiménez Díaz (IIS-FJD), Madrid, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Madrid, Spain
| | - Beatriz Sastre
- Immunoallergy Laboratory, Immunology Department, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Fundación Jiménez Díaz (IIS-FJD), Madrid, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta Gil-Martinez
- Immunoallergy Laboratory, Immunology Department, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Fundación Jiménez Díaz (IIS-FJD), Madrid, Spain
| | - Natalia Redondo
- Immunoallergy Laboratory, Immunology Department, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Fundación Jiménez Díaz (IIS-FJD), Madrid, Spain
| | - Victoria del Pozo
- Immunoallergy Laboratory, Immunology Department, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Fundación Jiménez Díaz (IIS-FJD), Madrid, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Madrid, Spain
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Zhou AY, Zhao YY, Zhou ZJ, Duan JX, Zhu YZ, Cai S, Chen P. Microarray Analysis of Long Non-Coding RNAs in Lung Tissues of Patients with COPD and HOXA-AS2 Promotes HPMECs Proliferation via Notch1. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis 2020; 15:2449-2460. [PMID: 33116460 PMCID: PMC7555270 DOI: 10.2147/copd.s259601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Objectives Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play an important role in the pathogenesis of many diseases, including cancer, pulmonary fibrosis and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). In this study, we intended to identify the differentially expressed lncRNAs and the role of HOXA cluster antisense RNA 2 (HOXA-AS2) in patients with COPD. Methods We analyzed lncRNA profiles of three non-COPD and seven COPD patients’ lungs via microarray and then validated the expression of the top differentially expressed lncRNAs by using real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). To identify the mechanism of HOXA-AS2 during COPD pathogenesis and endothelial cell proliferation, we knocked down and overexpressed HOXA-AS2 with siRNA and lentivirus transfection approach in human pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells (HPMECs). Results Among 29,150 distinct lncRNA transcripts, 353 lncRNAs were significantly (≥2-fold change and P<0.05) upregulated and 552 were downregulated in COPD patients. The fold change of HOXA-AS2 is 9.32; real-time PCR confirmed that HOXA-AS2 was downregulated in COPD patients. In in vitro experiments, cigarette smoke extract (CSE) treatment reduced the expression of HOXA-AS2 and cell proliferation of HPMECs. Knocking down HOXA-AS2 inhibited HPMECs proliferation and the expression of Notch1 in HPMECs. Overexpressing Notch1 could partly rescue the inhibition of cell viability induced by the silence of HOXA-AS2. Conclusion Our results demonstrated that differentially expressed lncRNAs may act as potential molecular biomarkers for the diagnosis of COPD, and HOXA-AS2 was involved in the pathogenesis of COPD by regulating HPMECs proliferation via Notch1, which may provide a new approach for COPD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ai-Yuan Zhou
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, People's Republic of China.,Research Unit of Respiratory Disease, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, People's Republic of China.,Diagnosis and Treatment Center of Respiratory Disease, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi-Yang Zhao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, People's Republic of China.,Research Unit of Respiratory Disease, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, People's Republic of China.,Diagnosis and Treatment Center of Respiratory Disease, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, People's Republic of China
| | - Zi-Jing Zhou
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, People's Republic of China.,Research Unit of Respiratory Disease, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, People's Republic of China.,Diagnosis and Treatment Center of Respiratory Disease, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia-Xi Duan
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, People's Republic of China.,Research Unit of Respiratory Disease, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, People's Republic of China.,Diagnosis and Treatment Center of Respiratory Disease, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi-Zhang Zhu
- Institute of Systems Biomedicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, People's Republic of China.,Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, People's Republic of China
| | - Shan Cai
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, People's Republic of China.,Research Unit of Respiratory Disease, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, People's Republic of China.,Diagnosis and Treatment Center of Respiratory Disease, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, People's Republic of China
| | - Ping Chen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, People's Republic of China.,Research Unit of Respiratory Disease, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, People's Republic of China.,Diagnosis and Treatment Center of Respiratory Disease, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, People's Republic of China
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Blood microRNA expressions in patients with mild to moderate psoriasis and the relationship between microRNAs and psoriasis activity. An Bras Dermatol 2020; 95:702-707. [PMID: 32811699 PMCID: PMC7672403 DOI: 10.1016/j.abd.2020.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Accepted: 04/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In recent studies, microRNAs (mi-RNAs) have been shown to play an important role in psoriasis pathogenesis. However, studies evaluating mi-RNAs in the blood of psoriasis patients including a large number of mi-RNA panels are scarce. Objective The authors aimed to assess mi-RNA expressions in blood samples of psoriasis patients, as well as to evaluate the association between mi-RNA expression and psoriasis severity. Methods This was a case-control study on 52 patients with psoriasis vulgaris and 54 controls. Patients’ medical history, psoriasis area and severity index (PASI) scores, and dermatology life quality index (DLQI) scores were recorded. The 42 disease-related mi-RNA primers were assessed by real-time PCR. Results In the patient group, 13.4% presented nail involvement and 8.2% had psoriatic arthritis. The mean PASI and DLQI scores were 7.90 ± 8.83 and 8.13 ± 5.50, respectively. Among 42 mi-RNA primers; hsa-miR-155-5p, hsa-miR-369-3p, hsa-miR-193b-3p, hsa-miR-498, hsa-miR-1266-5p, hsa-let-7d-5p, hsa-miR-205-5p, hsa-let-7c-5p, hsa-miR-30b-3p, and hsa-miR-515-3p expressions were significantly up-regulated, whereas hsa-miR-21-5p, hsa-miR-142-3p, hsa-miR-424-5p, hsa-miR-223-3p, hsa-miR-26a-5p, hsa-miR-106b-5p, hsa-miR-126-5p, hsa-miR-181a-5p, hsa-miR-222-3p, hsa-miR-22-3p, hsa-miR-24-3p, hsa-miR-17-3p, hsa-miR-30b-5p, hsa-miR-130a-3p, hsa-miR-30e-5p, and hsa-miR-16-5p were significantly down-regulated in psoriasis patients when compared with the control group (p < 0.05). Study limitations As the study included patients with mild to moderate psoriasis who mostly only received topical treatments, changes in miRNA before and after systemic treatments were not assessed. Conclusion The detection of 24 mi-RNA expressions up- or down-regulated in psoriasis patients, even in those with milder disease, further supports the role of mi-RNAs in the psoriasis pathogenesis. Future studies should clarify whether mi-RNAs can be used as a marker for psoriasis prognosis or as a therapeutic agent in the treatment of psoriasis.
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Ibrahim AA, Ramadan A, Wahby AA, Hassan M, Soliman HM, Abdel Hamid TA. Micro-RNA 196a2 expression and miR-196a2 (rs11614913) polymorphism in T1DM: a pilot study. J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab 2019; 32:1171-1179. [PMID: 31472066 DOI: 10.1515/jpem-2019-0226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2019] [Accepted: 08/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Background Recent emerging evidence supports the role of miR-196a2 in various human diseases. However, its role in type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is still underestimated. We aimed, for the first time, to investigate the expression of miR-196a2 in T1DM and the association of miR-196a2 (rs11614913) polymorphism with susceptibility of T1DM in a sample of patients from Cairo, Egypt. Methods The study included 150 patients and 150 healthy subjects. Evaluation of rs11614913 genotypes and miR-196a2 expression was done using the allelic discrimination and quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method, respectively. Results The Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium of single nucleotide polymorphism(SNP) was detected among controls (p = 0.2). Our results revealed that the TT genotype was more frequent in patients (22.6%) than controls (10%) while the CC genotype was more frequent in controls (47.3%) than patients (39.3%) (p = 0.01). The frequency of the T allele was significantly higher in patients than in controls (41.7 vs. 31.3%), while the C allele was more frequent in controls (p = 0.008). After adjustment for traditional risk factors, the association of the TT genotype with T1DM remained significant (TT vs. CC, odds ration [OR] = 3.2, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.4-7.4, p = 0.005). Power analysis of the data yielded a statistical power of 80% for the miR-196a2 rs11614913 with T1DM. Relative expression of miR-196a2 showed significant decrease in patients compared to controls (median = 0.09, 0.5, interquartile range [IQR] = 0.03-1.6, 0.1-2.1). However, miR-196a2 expression showed no significant difference between different rs11614913 genotypes (p = 0.5). Conclusions Our findings demonstrated that miR-196a rs11614913 is associated with T1DM and decreased expression of miR-196a2 may play a role in pathogenesis of T1DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alshaymaa A Ibrahim
- Clinical and Chemical Pathology Department, National Research Centre, El Buhouth St, Dokki, Cairo 12311, Egypt, Phone: 00201006193988, Fax: +20233370931
| | - Abeer Ramadan
- Molecular Genetics and Enzymology Department, Human Genetic and Genome Research Division, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Aliaa Ahmed Wahby
- Clinical and Chemical Pathology Department, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mirhane Hassan
- Clinical and Chemical Pathology Department, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
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Chu H, Qu X, Wang F, Chang J, Cheng R, Song X, Chen T, Zhang G. MicroRNA-206 promotes lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation injury via regulation of IRAK1 in MRC-5 cells. Int Immunopharmacol 2019; 73:590-598. [PMID: 31279225 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2019.05.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2018] [Revised: 05/16/2019] [Accepted: 05/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been reported to play crucial role in the airway inflammatory diseases. However, the involvement of miR-206 in airway inflammatory diseases is still uninvestigated. The study aimed to explore the effect of miR-206 on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammation injury in MRC-5 cells, and point out a potential relevance for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). METHODS LPS was utilized to expose MRC-5 cells, then cell viability, cell migration, apoptosis, apoptosis-associated factors, as well as the concentrations and protein levels of IL-6 and IL-8 were explored. After transfected with miR-206 mimic and inhibitor, above parameters were reassessed in LPS-injured cells. Expression level of IRAK1 was examined in miR-206 mimic/inhibitor transfected cells by using RT-qPCR. The effect of IRAK1 on LPS-induced inflammation injury was investigated in MRC-5 cells after transfection with pc-IRAK1 and sh-IRAK1. The effects of miR-206 and IRAK1 on MEK/ERK and JNK pathways were determined by western blot assay. RESULTS LPS significantly triggered inflammation injury in MRC-5 cells by inhibiting cell viability, suppressing the healing of scratches, inducing cell apoptosis, down-regulating Bcl-2 expression and up-regulating Bax, cleaved-Caspase-3 and cleaved-Caspase-9 expression, and concurrently increasing the concentrations and the protein levels of IL-6 and IL-8. MiR-206 overexpression aggravated LPS-induced inflammation injury in MRC-5 cells. Up-regulation of IRAK1 was observed in miR-206 mimic-transfected cells. Moreover, IRAK1 overexpression promoted LPS-induced inflammation injury in MRC-5 cells. MiR-206 activated MEK/ERK and JNK pathways by regulating IRAK1. CONCLUSIONS MiR-206 promotes LPS-induced inflammation injury through regulation of IRAK1 in MRC-5 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heying Chu
- Department of Respiratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Xiangwen Qu
- Department of Respiratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Feng Wang
- Department of Respiratory, The First People's Hospital of Shangqiu, Shangqiu 476100, China
| | - Jingxia Chang
- Department of Respiratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Ruirui Cheng
- Department of Respiratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Xiangjin Song
- Department of Respiratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Tengfei Chen
- Department of Respiratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Guojun Zhang
- Department of Respiratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China.
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Huang X, Zhu Z, Guo X, Kong X. The roles of microRNAs in the pathogenesis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Int Immunopharmacol 2018; 67:335-347. [PMID: 30578969 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2018.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2018] [Revised: 11/16/2018] [Accepted: 12/05/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is characterized by a progressive and irreversible airflow obstruction, with an abnormal lung function. The etiology of COPD correlates with complex interactions between environmental and genetic determinants. However, the exact pathogenesis of COPD is obscure although it involves multiple aspects including oxidative stress, imbalance between proteolytic and anti-proteolytic activity, immunity and inflammation, apoptosis, and repair and destruction in both airways and lungs. Many genes have been demonstrated to be involved in those pathogenic processes of this disease in patients exposed to harmful environmental factors. Previous reports have investigated promising microRNAs (miRNAs) to disclose the molecular mechanisms for COPD development induced by different environmental exposure and genetic predisposition encounter, and find some potential miRNA biomarkers for early diagnosis and treatment targets of COPD. In this review, we summarized the expression profiles of the reported miRNAs from studies of COPD associated with environmental risk factors including cigarette smoking and air pollution exposures, and provided an overview of roles of those miRNAs in the pathogenesis of the disease. We also highlighted the potential utility and limitations of miRNAs serving as diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets for COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinwei Huang
- Medical School, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan Province 650500, China
| | - Zongxin Zhu
- Medical School, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan Province 650500, China
| | - Xiaoran Guo
- Medical School, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan Province 650500, China
| | - Xiangyang Kong
- Medical School, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan Province 650500, China.
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Association of the miR-196a2, miR-146a, and miR-499 Polymorphisms with Asthma Phenotypes in a Korean Population. Mol Diagn Ther 2018; 21:547-554. [PMID: 28527151 DOI: 10.1007/s40291-017-0280-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND MicroRNAs (miRNAs) modulate expressions of inflammatory genes, thereby regulating inflammatory responses. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in miRNAs could affect their efficiency in binding to messenger RNAs (mRNAs). OBJECTIVE We investigated the associations of miRNA SNPs with asthma phenotypes. miR-196a2 (rs11614913 T>C), miR-146a (rs2910164 C>G), and miR-499 (rs3746444 A>G) were genotyped in 347 asthma patients and 172 normal healthy controls (NCs). RESULTS The CT/CC genotype of miR-196a2 rs11614913 was associated with eosinophilic asthma (p = 0.004) and a higher sputum eosinophil count compared with the TT genotype (p = 0.003). The CG/GG genotype of miR-146a rs2910164 tended to be associated with higher bronchial hyperresponsiveness to methacholine (PC20) compared with the CC genotype. The AG/GG genotype of miR-499 rs3746444 was associated with higher predicted values of forced expiratory volume in 1 s (%FEV1) compared with the AA genotype (p = 0.008). CONCLUSIONS Genetic polymorphisms in miR-196a2, miR-146a, and miR-499 could be potential biomarkers for asthma phenotypes and targets for asthma treatments in a Korean population.
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Toraih EA, Ismail NM, Toraih AA, Hussein MH, Fawzy MS. Precursor miR-499a Variant but not miR-196a2 is Associated with Rheumatoid Arthritis Susceptibility in an Egyptian Population. Mol Diagn Ther 2017; 20:279-95. [PMID: 27002721 DOI: 10.1007/s40291-016-0194-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) has a complex component induced by several genes that interact together with environmental and hormonal factors. We aimed to investigate the association of miR-196a2 rs11614913 (C/T) and miR-499a rs3746444 (A/G) polymorphisms and their combination with RA susceptibility and disease activity in an Egyptian population, and to evaluate their impact on methotrexate drug response and toxicity. MATERIALS AND METHODS Bioinformatics databases were searched to select potential micro RNA (miRNA)-messenger RNA (mRNA) interactions involved in RA pathogenesis. Ninety-five RA patients diagnosed according to the American College of Rheumatology and 200 healthy controls were genotyped using real-time polymerase chain reaction technology. RESULTS In overall and stratified analysis, miR-499a, but not miR-196a2, was associated with RA risk. Heterozygote carriers with rs3746444*A/G displayed protection against developing RA (p = 0.005) with an odds ratio of 0.2 (95 % confidence interval 0.17-0.62). The carriage of the combinations (miR499a*AG + miR196a2*CC) and (miR499a*AA + miR196a2*TT) were 3 and 7.5 times more likely to develop RA, respectively, while the combinations (miR499a*GG + miR196a2*CC), (miR499a*AG + miR196a2*TT) and (miR499a*AA + miR196a2*CT) show less susceptibility to have RA disease (all p < 0.05). rs3746444*AA genotype had a higher disease activity score (DAS28) [p = 0.023], tender joint count (TJC) (p = 0.007), and methotrexate-induced gastrointestinal toxicity (p = 0.043) compared with both AG/GG genotypes. rs11614913*C carriers were associated with higher DAS28 activity (p = 0.021). Homozygote male patients (CC and TT) had higher TJC (p = 0.046) and higher rheumatoid factor levels (p = 0.026), whereas, TT homozygote females had higher levels of ALT (p = 0.022). CONCLUSIONS Different genotypes of miR-499a rs3746444 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are associated with RA risk, disease activity, and methotrexate toxicity in our population. In combination with specific miR-196a2 rs11614913 genotypes, this risk could increase or decrease according to the type of combination. Further functional analysis of the SNP and its impact on mRNA targets is required to confirm the relationship between genotype and phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eman A Toraih
- Department of Histology and Cell Biology (Genetics Unit), Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt.
| | - Nesreen M Ismail
- Department of Rheumatology and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Ahmed A Toraih
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Mohammad H Hussein
- Department of Chest Disease, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Manal S Fawzy
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, PO 41522, Ismailia, Egypt.
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Ranjha R, Meena NK, Singh A, Ahuja V, Paul J. Association of miR-196a-2 and miR-499 variants with ulcerative colitis and their correlation with expression of respective miRNAs. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0173447. [PMID: 28301487 PMCID: PMC5354276 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0173447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2016] [Accepted: 02/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and aim MicroRNAs are small non-coding RNAs that play an important role in regulating the gene expression of their target genes. SNP miR-196a-2 rs11614913 and miR-499 rs3746444 are reported to have association with the risk and prognosis of multiple-types of inflammatory diseases including IBD. This study was conducted to show if any association of SNP miR-196a-2rs11614913 and miR-499 rs3746444 exists with ulcerative colitis (UC) patients of north Indian population and how these polymorphisms modulate the expression profile of the respective miRNAs. Methods A total of 638 participants including 197 UC patients and 441 controls were included in this study. Polymorphisms were genotyped by PCR-RFLP and the miRNA expression was measured using qRT-PCR. Genotypes and allele frequencies were calculated using SPSS 16 software. Results MiR-196a-2 rs11614913 (C>T) and miR-499 rs3746444 (T>C) were found to be associated with UC. TT genotype of miR-196a-2 rs11614913 (p = 0.03) was negatively associated with UC whereas the heterozygous TC genotype of miR-499 rs3746444 (p = 0.003) was showing positive association with UC. Patients having a combination of both SNPs, developed disease at older age and they suffered from severe disease extent. Genotype that showed association with the disease also showed correlation with the changes in miRNA expression. Conclusion In this study we found miR-196a-2 rs11614913 and miR-499 rs3746444 were associated with UC in north Indian population. We found the genotype that showed association with UC also altered the expression of respective miRNA in the patient harboring the genotype. There was correlation between associated genotype and altered miRNA expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raju Ranjha
- School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
| | | | - Abhiraman Singh
- School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
| | - Vineet Ahuja
- Department of Gastroenterology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Jaishree Paul
- School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
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12
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Hussein MH, Toraih EA, Aly NM, Riad E, Fawzy MS. A passenger strand variant in miR-196a2 contributes to asthma severity in children and adolescents: A preliminary study. Biochem Cell Biol 2016; 94:347-57. [PMID: 27487239 DOI: 10.1139/bcb-2016-0010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
There is emerging evidence to support the role of microRNAs in allergic airway diseases and inflammation. Genetic variants in microRNA genes might affect microRNA-mediated cell regulation. This preliminary study was designed to investigate the association of the microRNA-196a2 rs11614913 (C/T) polymorphism with susceptibility to asthma and clinical outcomes in children and adolescents. Genotyping of rs11614913 polymorphism was determined in 96 patients with bronchial asthma (6-18 years of age) and 96 unrelated controls, using real-time polymerase chain reaction technology. In-silico target prediction and network core analyses were performed. The asthmatics did not show significant differences in genotype distribution (p = 0.609) and allele frequencies (p = 0.428) compared with the controls. There were also no associations with disease duration, age at onset, asthma phenotype, asthma control, therapeutic level, airway hyper-responsiveness, or biochemical parameters in the blood. However, the CC genotype was associated with a more severe degree of asthma (p = 0. 023) and higher frequency of nocturnal asthma (p = 0.002). Carriers for CC were 17 times more likely to develop nocturnal asthma, and had a more than 2.5-fold increased risk for poor disease outcome compared with CT and TT individuals. In conclusion, microRNA-196a2 rs11614913 polymorphism might be associated with asthma severity in our sample of the Egyptian population. Further investigations in studies with a larger sample size and functional tests are needed to validate our findings and to explore the detailed biological mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad H Hussein
- a Pulmongist, Ministry of Health, Egypt.,b Emergency Department, Al Jahra Hospital, Al Jahra, Kuwait
| | - Eman A Toraih
- c Department of Histology and Cell Biology (Genetics Unit), Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, PO Box 41522, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Nagwa M Aly
- d Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, PO Box 41522, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Eman Riad
- e Department of Chest Diseases and Tuberculosis, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, PO Box 41522, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Manal S Fawzy
- d Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, PO Box 41522, Ismailia, Egypt
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Huang JB, Mei J, Jiang LY, Jiang ZL, Liu H, Zhang JW, Ding FB. MiR-196a2 rs11614913 T>C Polymorphism is Associated with an Increased Risk of Tetralogy of Fallot in a Chinese Population. ACTA CARDIOLOGICA SINICA 2016; 31:18-23. [PMID: 27122842 DOI: 10.6515/acs20140310b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a family of endogenous, small, noncoding single-stranded RNAs that act as post-transcriptional gene regulatory elements. MiRNA polymorphisms may be associated with susceptibility to congenital heart disease (CHD). The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of miRNA single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) on CHD susceptibility. METHODS We genotyped two functional SNPs, miR-196a2 rs11614913 and miR-146a rs2910164, in a case-control cohort of 173 Chinese patients with tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) and 207 non-CHD controls. RESULTS When the miR-196a2 rs11614913 TT homozygote genotype was used as the reference group, the TC genotype was not associated with an increased risk of TOF. The CC genotype was associated with a borderline significantly increased risk for TOF. In the recessive model, when the miR-196a2 rs11614913 TT/TC genotypes were used as the reference group, the CC homozygote genotype was associated with a significantly increased risk of TOF (OR = 1.96, 95% CI = 1.18-3.25, p = 0.01). The miR-146a rs2910164 C>G polymorphism was not associated with developing TOF. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggested that the miR-196a2 rs11614913 T>C polymorphism may play a role in the development of TOF. Future larger studies that include populations of other ethnicities are required to confirm these findings. KEY WORDS Congenital heart disease; MiRNA; Molecular epidemiology; Polymorphisms; Tetralogy of Fallot.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Bing Huang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Xin Hua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Ju Mei
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Xin Hua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Lian-Yong Jiang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Xin Hua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Zhao-Lei Jiang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Xin Hua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Hao Liu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Xin Hua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Jun-Wen Zhang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Xin Hua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Fang-Bao Ding
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Xin Hua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
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Fawzy MS, Hussein MH, Abdelaziz EZ, Yamany HA, Ismail HM, Toraih EA. Association of MicroRNA-196a2 Variant with Response to Short-Acting β2-Agonist in COPD: An Egyptian Pilot Study. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0152834. [PMID: 27043015 PMCID: PMC4820109 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0152834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2015] [Accepted: 03/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a multifactorial chronic respiratory disease, characterized by an obstructive pattern. Understanding the genetic predisposition of COPD is essential to develop personalized treatment regimens. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small, endogenous, non-coding RNAs that modulate the expression levels of specific proteins based on sequence complementarity with their target mRNA molecules. Emerging evidences demonstrated the potential use of miRNAs as a disease biomarker. This pilot study aimed to investigate the association of the MIR-196a2 rs11614913 (C/T) polymorphism with COPD susceptibility, the clinical outcome and bronchodilator response to short-acting β2-agonist. Genotyping of rs11614913 polymorphism was determined in 108 COPD male patients and 116 unrelated controls using real-time polymerase chain reaction technology. In silico target prediction and network core analysis were performed. COPD patients did not show significant differences in the genotype distribution (p = 0.415) and allele frequencies (p = 0.306) of the studied miRNA when compared with controls. There were also no associations with GOLD stage, dyspnea grade, disease exacerbations, COPD assessment test for estimating impact on health status score, or the frequency of intensive care unit admission. However, COPD patients with CC genotype corresponded to the smallest bronchodilator response after Salbutamol inhalation, the heterozygotes (CT) had an intermediate response, while those with the TT genotype showed the highest response (p < 0.001). In conclusion MIR-196a2 rs11614913 polymorphism is associated with the bronchodilator response of COPD in our sample of the Egyptian population, generating hypothesis of the potential use of MIR-196a2 variant as a pharmacogenetic marker for COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manal S. Fawzy
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
- * E-mail: (EAT); (MSF)
| | - Mohammad H. Hussein
- Department of Chest Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Eman Z. Abdelaziz
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Hussain A. Yamany
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taibah University, Almadinah Almunawwarah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Hussein M. Ismail
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taibah University, Almadinah Almunawwarah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Eman A. Toraih
- Department of Histology and Cell Biology (Genetics Unit), Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
- * E-mail: (EAT); (MSF)
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Genetic variation in Micro-RNA genes of host genome affects clinical manifestation of symptomatic Human Cytomegalovirus infection. Hum Immunol 2015; 76:765-9. [PMID: 26429309 DOI: 10.1016/j.humimm.2015.09.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2014] [Revised: 07/31/2015] [Accepted: 09/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Micro-RNAs are implicated in various physiological and pathologic processes. In this study, we tested whether Micro-RNA gene variants of host-genome affect clinical manifestation of symptomatic HCMV infection. METHODOLOGY HCMV infection was detected by fluorescent PCR and immuno-histochemistry. The detection of genetic variants of four studied Micro-RNA tag-SNPs was done through PCR-RFLP assay and validated with DNA sequencing. RESULTS We observed an increased risk ranged from 3-folds to 5-folds among symptomatic HCMV cases for mutant genotype of rs2910164 (crude OR=3.11, p=0.009 and adjusted OR=3.25, p=0.007), rs11614913 (crude OR=3.20, p=0.006 and adjusted OR=3.48, p=0.004) and rs3746444 (crude OR=4.91, p=0.002 and adjusted OR=5.28, p=0.002) tag-SNPs. Interestingly, all the tag-SNPs that were significant after multiple comparisons at a FDR of 5% in symptomatic HCMV cases remained significant even after bootstrap analysis, providing internal validation to these results. Multifactor Dimensionality Reduction (MDR) analysis revealed 5-folds increased risk for symptomatic HCMV cases under the four-factor model (rs2910164, rs2292832, rs11614913 and rs3746444). CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that Micro-RNA gene variants of host-genome may affect clinical manifestation of symptomatic HCMV infection.
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Wang SH, Wang SH, Li H, Sun GR, Lyu SJ, Liu XJ, Li ZJ, Kang XT. SNP in pre-miR-1666 decreases mature miRNA expression and is associated with chicken performance. Genome 2015; 58:81-90. [PMID: 26053224 DOI: 10.1139/gen-2015-0001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Polymorphisms in miRNA genes could potentially alter various biological processes by influencing the processing and (or) target selection of miRNAs. The rs14120863 (C > G) mutation, which we characterized in a Gushi-Anka F2 resource population, resides in the precursor region of miR-1666. Association analysis with chicken carcass and growth traits showed that the SNP was significantly associated with carcass weight, evisceration weight, breast muscle weight, leg muscle weight, and body weight at 8 weeks of age, as well as some body size indexes including shank girth, chest breadth, breast bone length, and body slanting length, in the Gushi-Anka F2 resource population. Quantitative RT-PCR results showed that miR-1666 expression levels in muscle tissues differed within various genotypes. Experiment in DF1 cells further confirmed that the SNP in miR-1666 could significantly alter mature miRNA production. Subsequently, using dual-luciferase report assay, we verified that miR-1666 could perform its function through targeting of the CBFB gene. In conclusion, the SNP in the precursor of miR-1666 could significantly reduce mature miR-1666 production. It may further affect the function of miR-1666 through the target gene CBFB, hence it is associated with chicken growth traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan-He Wang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Henan Innovative Engineering Research Center of Poultry Germplasm Resource, Zhengzhou, 450002, P.R. China.,College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Henan Innovative Engineering Research Center of Poultry Germplasm Resource, Zhengzhou, 450002, P.R. China
| | - Shun-Hong Wang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Henan Innovative Engineering Research Center of Poultry Germplasm Resource, Zhengzhou, 450002, P.R. China.,College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Henan Innovative Engineering Research Center of Poultry Germplasm Resource, Zhengzhou, 450002, P.R. China
| | - Hong Li
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Henan Innovative Engineering Research Center of Poultry Germplasm Resource, Zhengzhou, 450002, P.R. China.,College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Henan Innovative Engineering Research Center of Poultry Germplasm Resource, Zhengzhou, 450002, P.R. China
| | - Gui-Rong Sun
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Henan Innovative Engineering Research Center of Poultry Germplasm Resource, Zhengzhou, 450002, P.R. China.,College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Henan Innovative Engineering Research Center of Poultry Germplasm Resource, Zhengzhou, 450002, P.R. China
| | - Shi-Jie Lyu
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Henan Innovative Engineering Research Center of Poultry Germplasm Resource, Zhengzhou, 450002, P.R. China.,College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Henan Innovative Engineering Research Center of Poultry Germplasm Resource, Zhengzhou, 450002, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Jun Liu
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Henan Innovative Engineering Research Center of Poultry Germplasm Resource, Zhengzhou, 450002, P.R. China.,College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Henan Innovative Engineering Research Center of Poultry Germplasm Resource, Zhengzhou, 450002, P.R. China
| | - Zhuan-Jian Li
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Henan Innovative Engineering Research Center of Poultry Germplasm Resource, Zhengzhou, 450002, P.R. China.,College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Henan Innovative Engineering Research Center of Poultry Germplasm Resource, Zhengzhou, 450002, P.R. China
| | - Xiang-Tao Kang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Henan Innovative Engineering Research Center of Poultry Germplasm Resource, Zhengzhou, 450002, P.R. China.,College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Henan Innovative Engineering Research Center of Poultry Germplasm Resource, Zhengzhou, 450002, P.R. China
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Genetic variants of MicroRNA-related genes in susceptibility and prognosis of end-stage renal disease and renal allograft outcome among north Indians. Pharmacogenet Genomics 2015; 24:442-50. [PMID: 24978643 DOI: 10.1097/fpc.0000000000000074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM MicroRNAs are important molecules of the innate and adaptive immune system, which may play an important role in maintaining normal immune homeostasis. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of MIR146A C>G (rs2910164), MIR149 T>C (rs2292832), MIR196A2 T>C (rs11614913), and MIR499A A>G (rs3746444) single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) among end-stage renal disease (ESRD) and acute allograft rejection (AR) cases. MATERIALS AND METHODS Genotyping of MicroRNA SNPs was performed using a PCR, followed by restriction fragment length polymorphism in 350 ESRD patients and 350 age-matched, sex-matched, and ethnically matched controls. RESULTS We observed an increased risk of almost two-fold for ESRD and three-fold for AR cases under univariate and multivariate models for mutant genotypes of rs2910164, rs11614913, and rs3746444 SNPs. Subsequently, no susceptible/protective effect was observed for rs2292832 SNP with ESRD and AR cases. Interestingly, all the SNPs that were significant after multiple comparisons in ESRD and AR cases remained significant in the bootstrap analysis, providing internal validation to our initial observations. Survival analysis showed that the mutant genotypes of rs2910164, rs11614913, and rs3746444 SNPs were associated with the lowest overall survival compared with heterozygous and wild genotypes among renal allograft recipients. The crude and adjusted hazard ratios in univariate and multivariate Cox regression models showed an almost two-fold increased risk for overall survival against mutant genotypes of rs2910164, rs11614913, and rs3746444 SNPs in renal allograft recipients. CONCLUSION These results suggest that the variants of MicroRNA SNPs, namely, rs2910164, rs11614913, and rs3746444, might be involved in susceptibility to ESRD and AR.
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Chen C, Yang S, Chaugai S, Wang Y, Wang DW. Meta-analysis of Hsa-mir-499 polymorphism (rs3746444) for cancer risk: evidence from 31 case-control studies. BMC MEDICAL GENETICS 2014; 15:126. [PMID: 25433484 PMCID: PMC4411927 DOI: 10.1186/s12881-014-0126-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2013] [Accepted: 11/11/2014] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a family of endogenous, small and non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression negatively at the post-transcriptional level by suppressing translation or degrading target mRNAs, and are involved in diverse biological and pathological processes. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) which are located in the miRNA-coding genes may participate in the process of development and diseases by altering the expression of mature miRNA. Recent studies investigating the association between hsa-mir-499 polymorphism (rs3746444) and cancer risk have yielded conflicting results. METHODS In this meta-analysis, we conducted a search of case-control studies on the associations of SNP rs3746444 with susceptibility to cancer in electronic databases. A total of 31 studies involving 12799 cases and 14507 controls were retrieved and the strength of the association was estimated by pooled odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (HWE) was assessed by the goodness-of-fit chi-square test in controls. Subgroup analyses were done by racial descent and cancer type. Publication bias of literatures was evaluated by visual inspection of funnel plots and the linear regression asymmetry test by Egger et al. Sensitivity analysis was conducted by excluding one study at a time to examine the influence of individual data set on the pooled ORs. RESULTS Overall, significant association between rs3746444 polymorphism and susceptibility to cancer was identified in TC versus TT and TC/CC versus TT (dominant) models. In the stratified analyses, increased risks were found in Asians, but not in Caucasians in all comparison models tested. Moreover, significant association with an increased risk was found in Chinese population. Also, much higher significant association with increased cancer risks were found in Iranian population. In different cancer types, a decreased risk was found in esophageal cancer. CONCLUSION Our meta-analysis suggested that hsa-mir-499 rs3746444 T > C polymorphism is associated with the risk of cancer in Asians, mainly in Iranian and Chinese population. However, rs3746444 T > C polymorphism is negatively associated with the risk of esophageal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine and the Institute of Hypertension, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095# Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China.
| | - Shenglan Yang
- Department of Internal Medicine and the Institute of Hypertension, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095# Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China. .,Department of Internal Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
| | - Sandip Chaugai
- Department of Internal Medicine and the Institute of Hypertension, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095# Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine and the Institute of Hypertension, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095# Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China.
| | - Dao Wen Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine and the Institute of Hypertension, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095# Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China.
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Comer BS, Ba M, Singer CA, Gerthoffer WT. Epigenetic targets for novel therapies of lung diseases. Pharmacol Ther 2014; 147:91-110. [PMID: 25448041 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2014.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2014] [Accepted: 11/06/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
In spite of substantial advances in defining the immunobiology and function of structural cells in lung diseases there is still insufficient knowledge to develop fundamentally new classes of drugs to treat many lung diseases. For example, there is a compelling need for new therapeutic approaches to address severe persistent asthma that is insensitive to inhaled corticosteroids. Although the prevalence of steroid-resistant asthma is 5-10%, severe asthmatics require a disproportionate level of health care spending and constitute a majority of fatal asthma episodes. None of the established drug therapies including long-acting beta agonists or inhaled corticosteroids reverse established airway remodeling. Obstructive airways remodeling in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), restrictive remodeling in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) and occlusive vascular remodeling in pulmonary hypertension are similarly unresponsive to current drug therapy. Therefore, drugs are needed to achieve long-acting suppression and reversal of pathological airway and vascular remodeling. Novel drug classes are emerging from advances in epigenetics. Novel mechanisms are emerging by which cells adapt to environmental cues, which include changes in DNA methylation, histone modifications and regulation of transcription and translation by noncoding RNAs. In this review we will summarize current epigenetic approaches being applied to preclinical drug development addressing important therapeutic challenges in lung diseases. These challenges are being addressed by advances in lung delivery of oligonucleotides and small molecules that modify the histone code, DNA methylation patterns and miRNA function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian S Comer
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, 36688, USA
| | - Mariam Ba
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Nevada School of Medicine, Reno, NV 89557, USA
| | - Cherie A Singer
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Nevada School of Medicine, Reno, NV 89557, USA
| | - William T Gerthoffer
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, 36688, USA.
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Novel insights into miRNA in lung and heart inflammatory diseases. Mediators Inflamm 2014; 2014:259131. [PMID: 24991086 PMCID: PMC4058468 DOI: 10.1155/2014/259131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2013] [Revised: 03/03/2014] [Accepted: 04/21/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are noncoding regulatory sequences that govern posttranscriptional inhibition of genes through binding mainly at regulatory regions. The regulatory mechanism of miRNAs are influenced by complex crosstalk among single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within miRNA seed region and epigenetic modifications. Circulating miRNAs exhibit potential characteristics as stable biomarker. Functionally, miRNAs are involved in basic regulatory mechanisms of cells including inflammation. Thus, miRNA dysregulation, resulting in aberrant expression of a gene, is suggested to play an important role in disease susceptibility. This review focuses on the role of miRNA as diagnostic marker in pathogenesis of lung inflammatory diseases and in cardiac remodelling events during inflammation. From recent reports, In this context, the information about the models in which miRNAs expression were investigated including types of biological samples, as well as on the methods for miRNA validation and prediction/definition of their gene targets are emphasized in the review. Besides disease pathogenesis, promising role of miRNAs in early disease diagnosis and prognostication is also discussed. However, some miRNAs are also indicated with protective role. Thus, identifications and usage of such potential miRNAs as well as disruption of disease susceptible miRNAs using antagonists, antagomirs, are imperative and may provide a novel therapeutic approach towards combating the disease progression.
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Wei J, Zheng L, Liu S, Yin J, Wang L, Wang X, Shi Y, Shao A, Tang W, Ding G, Liu C, Chen S, Gu H. MiR-196a2 rs11614913 T > C polymorphism and risk of esophageal cancer in a Chinese population. Hum Immunol 2013; 74:1199-205. [PMID: 23792053 DOI: 10.1016/j.humimm.2013.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2013] [Revised: 04/23/2013] [Accepted: 06/07/2013] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Esophageal cancer is the eighth most common cancer and sixth leading cause of cancer associated death worldwide. Besides environmental risk factors, genetic factors might play an important role in the esophageal cancer carcinogenesis. METHODS We conducted a hospital based case-control study to evaluate the genetic susceptibility of functional single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the microRNAs on the development of esophageal cancer. A total of 380 esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) cases and 380 controls were recruited for this study. The miR-196a2 rs11614913 T > C, miR-146a rs2910164 C > G, miR-499 rs3746444 T > C, miR-26a-1 rs7372209 C > T and miR-27a rs895819 T > C genotypes were determined using a custom-by-design 48-Plex SNPscan™ Kit and matrix assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS). RESULTS MiR-196a2 rs11614913 T > C polymorphism was associated with borderline statistically decreased risk of ESCC. In the recessive model, when the miR-196a2 rs11614913 TT/TC genotypes were used as the reference group, the CC homozygote genotype was associated with a borderline statistically decreased risk for ESCC (adjusted OR 0.72, 95% CI 0.50-1.03, p = 0.070). In stratification analyses, a significantly decreased risk of ESCC associated with the miR-196a2 rs11614913 T > C polymorphism was evident among women patients and patients who never smoking or drinking. CONCLUSIONS These findings indicated that functional polymorphism miR-196a2 rs11614913 T > C might contribute to decreased ESCC risk among women patients and patients who never smoking or drinking. However, our results were obtained with a limited sample size. Future larger studies with other ethnic populations and tissue-specific biological characterization are required to confirm current findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jishu Wei
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
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Yang S, Chen C, Wang H, Rao X, Wang F, Duan Q, Chen F, Long G, Gong W, Zou MH, Wang DW. Protective effects of Acyl-coA thioesterase 1 on diabetic heart via PPARα/PGC1α signaling. PLoS One 2012; 7:e50376. [PMID: 23226270 PMCID: PMC3511550 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0050376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2012] [Accepted: 10/19/2012] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Using fatty acids (FAs) exclusively for ATP generation was reported to contribute to the development of diabetic cardiomyopathy. We studied the role of substrate metabolism related genes in the heart of the diabetes to find out a novel therapeutic target for diabetic cardiomyopathy. Methods and Results By microarray analysis of metabolic gene expression, acyl-CoA thioesterase 1 (acot1) was clearly upregulated in the myocardia of db/db mice, compared with normal control C57BL/Ks. Therefore, gain-of-function and loss-of-function approaches were employed in db/db mice to investigate the functions of ACOT1 in oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction and heart function. We found that in the hearts of db/db mice which overexpressed ACOT1, H2O2 and malondialdehyde (MDA) were reduced, the activities of ATPases in mitochondria associated with mitochondrial function were promoted, the expression of uncoupling protein 3 (UCP3) contributing to oxygen wastage for noncontractile purposes was decreased, and cardiac dysfunction was attenuated, as determined by both hemodynamic and echocardiographic detections. Consistently, ACOT1 deficiency had opposite effects, which accelerated the cardiac damage induced by diabetes. Notably, by real-time PCR, we found that overexpression of ACOT1 in diabetic heart repressed the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha/PPARγ coactivator 1α (PPARα/PGC1α) signaling, as shown by decreased expression of PGC1α and the downstream genes involved in FAs use. Conclusion Our results demonstrated that ACOT1 played a crucial protective role in diabetic heart via PPARα/PGC1α signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shenglan Yang
- Department of Internal Medicine and Gene Therapy Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Chen Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine and Gene Therapy Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Hong Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine and Gene Therapy Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoquan Rao
- Department of Internal Medicine and Gene Therapy Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Feng Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine and Gene Therapy Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Quanlu Duan
- Department of Internal Medicine and Gene Therapy Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Fuqiong Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine and Gene Therapy Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Guangwen Long
- Department of Internal Medicine and Gene Therapy Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Wei Gong
- Department of Internal Medicine and Gene Therapy Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Ming-Hui Zou
- Department of Medicine and Endocrinology, University of Oklahoma Health Science Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States of America
| | - Dao Wen Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine and Gene Therapy Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P. R. China
- * E-mail:
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Abstract
A genetic contribution to develop chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is well established. However, the specific genes responsible for enhanced risk or host differences in susceptibility to smoke exposure remain poorly understood. The goal of this review is to provide a comprehensive literature overview on the genetics of COPD, highlight the most promising findings during the last few years, and ultimately provide an updated COPD gene list. Candidate gene studies on COPD and related phenotypes indexed in PubMed before January 5, 2012 are tabulated. An exhaustive list of publications for any given gene was looked for. This well-documented COPD candidate-gene list is expected to serve many purposes for future replication studies and meta-analyses as well as for reanalyzing collected genomic data in the field. In addition, this review summarizes recent genetic loci identified by genome-wide association studies on COPD, lung function, and related complications. Assembling resources, integrative genomic approaches, and large sample sizes of well-phenotyped subjects is part of the path forward to elucidate the genetic basis of this debilitating disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yohan Bossé
- Centre de recherche Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Québec, Quebec, Canada.
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Wang L, Qian S, Zhi H, Zhang Y, Wang B, Lu Z. The association between hsa-miR-499 T>C polymorphism and cancer risk: a meta-analysis. Gene 2012; 508:9-14. [PMID: 22903035 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2012.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2012] [Revised: 06/23/2012] [Accepted: 08/02/2012] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs regulate gene expression at the post-transcriptional level and were involved in diverse biological and pathological processes. Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) which is located in the pre-miRNA may affect the processing and then influence the expression of mature miRNA. Previous studies yielded conflicting results as to the association of a common polymorphism in pre-miRNAs (i.e. hsa-miR-499 rs3746444) with various diseases. Therefore, here we performed a meta-analysis to address the association between this polymorphism and cancer risks. A total of twenty studies involving 10,584 cases and 12,414 controls were retrieved based on PubMed. No significant association was found either in cancers and other diseases in all genetic models. And then in the stratified analysis by ethnicity, significantly increased risks were found in Asians (OR=1.11; 95% CI=1.00-1.23 for C vs. T; OR=1.16; 95% CI=1.00-1.36 for TC vs. TT; OR=1.15; 95%CI=1.01-1.31 for TC/CC vs. TT), but not in Caucasians in all comparison models tested. Our meta-analysis suggested that polymorphism of hsa-miR-499 rs3746444 T>C was not associated with the increased susceptibility to cancers and other diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Wang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.
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Akbas F, Coskunpinar E, Aynaci E, Oltulu YM, Yildiz P. Analysis of serum micro-RNAs as potential biomarker in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Exp Lung Res 2012; 38:286-94. [PMID: 22686440 DOI: 10.3109/01902148.2012.689088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) as a complex disease with genetic and environmental compound is one of the leading causes of death in worldwide. This disease is characterized by lower airway inflammation, and increases risk of lung cancer in smokers. Micro-RNA (miRNA) molecules are key regulators in gene expression that have been widely associated with a several diseases. Differential expression of miRNAs is involved in lung tissue of COPD, but there is no information about biomarker potential of circulating miRNAs in patients. To analyze the miRNA expression profile in COPD, levels of serum miRNAs were profiled by quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) array system. The authors examined 72 miRNAs by qRT-PCR array, in 20 COPD patients and 12 control subjects. U6snRNA was used for normalization of the expression of miRNAs for each sample. According to the results, 5 miRNAs were found to be significantly dysregulated. There was down-regulation of miR-20a, miR-28-3p, miR-34c-5p, and miR-100, and up-regulation of miR-7, compared with the controls. This was the first study in COPD for screening of serum miRNAs for searching for biomarker. These results are preliminary screening data and should be confirmed with large patient groups. If so, these miRNAs are likely being involved in pathogenesis of COPD and may give clues for designing therapeutic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fahri Akbas
- Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Fatih University, Istanbul, Turkey.
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Chilosi M, Poletti V, Rossi A. The pathogenesis of COPD and IPF: distinct horns of the same devil? Respir Res 2012; 13:3. [PMID: 22235752 PMCID: PMC3282644 DOI: 10.1186/1465-9921-13-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2011] [Accepted: 01/11/2012] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
New paradigms have been recently proposed in the pathogenesis of both chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), evidencing surprising similarities between these deadly diseases, despite their obvious clinical, radiological and pathologic differences. There is growing evidence supporting a "double hit" pathogenic model where in both COPD and IPF the cumulative action of an accelerated senescence of pulmonary parenchyma (determined by either telomere dysfunction and/or a variety of genetic predisposing factors), and the noxious activity of cigarette smoke-induced oxidative damage are able to severely compromise the regenerative potential of two pulmonary precursor cell compartments (alveolar epithelial precursors in IPF, mesenchymal precursor cells in COPD/emphysema). The consequent divergent derangement of signalling pathways involved in lung tissue renewal (mainly Wnt and Notch), can eventually lead to the distinct abnormal tissue remodelling and functional impairment that characterise the alveolar parenchyma in these diseases (irreversible fibrosis and bronchiolar honeycombing in IPF, emphysema and airway chronic inflammation in COPD).
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Chilosi
- Department of Pathology, University of Verona, Italy.
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