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Stingeni L, Foti C, Guarneri F, Corazza M, Cristaudo A, Ferrucci SM, Gallo R, Martina E, Musumeci ML, Napolitano M, Nettis E, Patruno C, Pigatto PD, Piras V, Schena D, Casciola G, Antonelli E, Hansel K. Contact allergy to SIDAPA baseline series allergens in patients with eyelid dermatitis: An Italian multicentre study. Contact Dermatitis 2024; 90:479-485. [PMID: 38268123 DOI: 10.1111/cod.14507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Eyelid dermatitis is a frequent reason of dermatological consultation. Its aetiology is not univocal, being contact dermatitis, both allergic and irritant, the most frequent. The primary sources of allergen exposure include cosmetics, metals, and topical medications, from direct, indirect, or airborne contact. OBJECTIVES To define the frequency of positive patch test reactions to SIDAPA baseline series allergens, to document positive allergens, and to precise the final diagnosis in patients with eyelid involvement. METHODS A total of 8557 consecutive patients from 12 Italian Dermatology Clinics underwent patch testing with SIDAPA baseline series in 2018 and 2019. Patients were divided into two groups: (i) with eyelid involvement with or without other involved sites (E-Group) and (ii) without eyelid involvement (NE-Group). The final diagnosis and the frequency of positive relevant patch test reactions were evaluated. RESULTS E-Group consisted of 688 patients (females 78.6%, mean age 45.3 years), 8.0% of 8557 consecutively patch-tested patients. The final diagnosis in E-Group was ADC in 42.4%, ICD in 34.2%, and AD in 30.5%. The highest reaction rates were elicited by nickel sulphate and methylchloroisothiazolinone/methylisothiazolinone in both E-Group and NE-Group, even if these allergens were significantly more frequently positive in NE-Group patients than in E-Group ones. Positive patch test reactions to fragrance Mix II, dimethylaminopropylamine, and sorbitan sesquiolate were significantly more frequent in E-Group patients than in NE-Group ones. CONCLUSIONS Eyelid dermatitis is a frequent dermatological complaint. Allergic contact dermatitis is the most frequent diagnosis commonly caused by nickel sulphate, isothiazolinones, and fragrances. The surfactants dimethylaminopropylamine and sorbitan sesquioleate are emerging causes of eyelid allergic contact dermatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Stingeni
- Section of Dermatology, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Caterina Foti
- Section of Dermatology and Venereology, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePRe-J), University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Italy
| | - Fabrizio Guarneri
- Section of Dermatology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Monica Corazza
- Section of Dermatology and Infectious Diseases, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Antonio Cristaudo
- Clinical Dermatology Unit, San Gallicano Dermatological Institute IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Silvia Mariel Ferrucci
- Dermatology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Rosella Gallo
- Section of Dermatology, Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute (DISSAL), University of Genoa and IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Emanuela Martina
- Dermatology Clinic, Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Polytechnic Marche University, Ancona, Italy
| | | | - Maddalena Napolitano
- Section of Dermatology, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Eustachio Nettis
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, School of Allergology and Clinical, Immunology, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
| | - Cataldo Patruno
- Section of Dermatology, Health Sciences Department, Magna Graecia University, Catanzaro, Italy
| | | | - Viviana Piras
- Dermatological Clinic, Department of Medical Science and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Donatella Schena
- Section of Dermatology and Venereology, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Gabriele Casciola
- Section of Dermatology, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Elettra Antonelli
- Section of Dermatology, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Katharina Hansel
- Section of Dermatology, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
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