Intercostal nerve transfer for restoration of the diaphragm muscle function after phrenic nerve transfer in total brachial plexus avulsion

Research progress on limb spasmolysis, orthopedics and functional reconstruction of brain-derived paralysis

Brain-derived paralysis is a disease dominated by limb paralysis caused by various brain diseases. The damage of upper motor neurons can lead to spastic paralysis of the limbs in different parts. If it cannot be treated in time and effectively, it will severely affect the motor function and ability of daily living. Treating limb spastic dysfunction in patients with brain-derived paralysis is a global problem. Presently, there are many alternative surgical methods. This article mainly reviews the treatment of limb spastic dysfunction with brain-derived paralysis, focusing on three aspects: limb spasmolysis, orthopedics, and functional reconstruction. Among them, the transposition of the peripheral nerve helps limb function with spastic paralysis and can effectively alleviate limb spasticity.