1
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Chen L, Deng Z, Asamoah B, Laughlin MM. Trigeminal nerve direct current stimulation causes sustained increase in neural activity in the rat hippocampus. Brain Stimul 2024; 17:648-659. [PMID: 38740183 DOI: 10.1016/j.brs.2024.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Revised: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a noninvasive neuromodulation method that can modulate many brain functions including learning and memory. Recent evidence suggests that tDCS memory effects may be caused by co-stimulation of scalp nerves such as the trigeminal nerve (TN), and not the electric field in the brain. The TN gives input to brainstem nuclei, including the locus coeruleus that controls noradrenaline release across brain regions, including hippocampus. However, the effects of TN direct current stimulation (TN-DCS) are currently not well understood. HYPOTHESIS In this study we tested the hypothesis that stimulation of the trigeminal nerve with direct current manipulates hippocampal activity via an LC pathway. METHODS We recorded neural activity in rat hippocampus using multichannel silicon probes. We applied 3 min of 0.25 mA or 1 mA TN-DCS, monitored hippocampal activity for up to 1 h and calculated spikes-rate and spike-field coherence metrics. Subcutaneous injections of xylocaine were used to block TN, while intraperitoneal and intracerebral injection of clonidine were used to block the LC pathway. RESULTS We found that 1 mA TN-DCS caused a significant increase in hippocampal spike-rate lasting 45 min in addition to significant changes in spike-field coherence, while 0.25 mA TN-DCS did not. TN blockage prevented spike-rate increases, confirming effects were not caused by the electric field in the brain. When 1 mA TN-DCS was delivered during clonidine blockage no increase in spike-rate was observed, suggesting an important role for the LC-noradrenergic pathway. CONCLUSION These results support our hypothesis and provide a neural basis to understand the tDCS TN co-stimulation mechanism. TN-DCS emerges as an important tool to potentially modulate learning and memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyi Chen
- Exp ORL, Department of Neurosciences, The Leuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven, Belgium
| | - Zhengdao Deng
- Experimental Neurosurgery and Neuroanatomy, Department of Neurosciences, KU Leuven, Belgium
| | - Boateng Asamoah
- Exp ORL, Department of Neurosciences, The Leuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven, Belgium
| | - Myles Mc Laughlin
- Exp ORL, Department of Neurosciences, The Leuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven, Belgium.
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2
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Nascimento Guimarães A, Beggiato Porto A, Junior Guidotti F, Soca Bazo N, Ugrinowitsch H, Hugo Alves Okazaki V. Effect of Transcranial direct current stimulation of the Primary motor Cortex and cerebellum on motor control and learning of geometric drawing tasks with varied cognitive demands. Brain Res 2024; 1828:148786. [PMID: 38266889 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2024.148786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 01/20/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Anderson Nascimento Guimarães
- State University of Londrina, Department of Physical Education, Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid - Pr 445, Km 380, Campus Universitário, Londrina, Brazil.
| | - Alessandra Beggiato Porto
- State University of Londrina, Department of Physical Education, Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid - Pr 445, Km 380, Campus Universitário, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Flavio Junior Guidotti
- State University of Londrina, Department of Physical Education, Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid - Pr 445, Km 380, Campus Universitário, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Norberto Soca Bazo
- State University of Londrina, Department of Physical Education, Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid - Pr 445, Km 380, Campus Universitário, Londrina, Brazil; Licungo University, Department of Physical Education and Sports, Rua de Comandante Gaivão Extensão da Beira, Moçambique
| | - Herbert Ugrinowitsch
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais. Av. Presidente Antônio Carlos, 6627, CEP 31270-901, Belo Horizonte MG, Brazil
| | - Victor Hugo Alves Okazaki
- State University of Londrina, Department of Physical Education, Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid - Pr 445, Km 380, Campus Universitário, Londrina, Brazil
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3
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Wessel MJ, Draaisma LR, Durand-Ruel M, Maceira-Elvira P, Moyne M, Turlan JL, Mühl A, Chauvigné L, Koch PJ, Morishita T, Guggisberg AG, Hummel FC. Multi-focal Stimulation of the Cortico-cerebellar Loop During the Acquisition of a Novel Hand Motor Skill in Chronic Stroke Survivors. CEREBELLUM (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2024; 23:341-354. [PMID: 36802021 PMCID: PMC10951005 DOI: 10.1007/s12311-023-01526-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
Abstract
Impairment of hand motor function is a frequent consequence after a stroke and strongly determines the ability to regain a self-determined life. An influential research strategy for improving motor deficits is the combined application of behavioral training and non-invasive brain stimulation of the motor cortex (M1). However, a convincing clinical translation of the present stimulation strategies has not been achieved yet. One alternative and innovative approach is to target the functionally relevant brain network-based architecture, e.g., the dynamic interactions within the cortico-cerebellar system during learning. Here, we tested a sequential multifocal stimulation strategy targeting the cortico-cerebellar loop. Anodal transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) was applied simultaneously to a hand-based motor training in N = 11 chronic stroke survivors during four training sessions on two consecutive days. The tested conditions were: sequential multifocal (M1-cerebellum (CB)-M1-CB) vs. monofocal control stimulation (M1-sham-M1-sham). Additionally, skill retention was assessed 1 and 10 days after the training phase. Paired-pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation data were recorded to characterize stimulation response determining features. The application of CB-tDCS boosted motor behavior in the early training phase in comparison to the control condition. No faciliatory effects on the late training phase or skill retention were detected. Stimulation response variability was related to the magnitude of baseline motor ability and short intracortical inhibition (SICI). The present findings suggest a learning phase-specific role of the cerebellar cortex during the acquisition of a motor skill in stroke and that personalized stimulation strategies encompassing several nodes of the underlying brain network should be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- M J Wessel
- Defitech Chair of Clinical Neuroengineering, Neuro-X Institute (INX) and Brain Mind Institute (BMI), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 9 Chemin des Mines, 1202, Geneva, Switzerland
- Defitech Chair of Clinical Neuroengineering, Neuro-X Institute (INX) and Brain Mind Institute (BMI), Clinique Romande de Réadaptation, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL Valais), Av. Grand-Champsec 90, 1951, Sion, Switzerland
- University Hospital Würzburg (UKW), Department of Neurology, Josef-Schneider-Str. 11, 97080, Würzburg, Germany
| | - L R Draaisma
- Defitech Chair of Clinical Neuroengineering, Neuro-X Institute (INX) and Brain Mind Institute (BMI), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 9 Chemin des Mines, 1202, Geneva, Switzerland
- Defitech Chair of Clinical Neuroengineering, Neuro-X Institute (INX) and Brain Mind Institute (BMI), Clinique Romande de Réadaptation, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL Valais), Av. Grand-Champsec 90, 1951, Sion, Switzerland
| | - M Durand-Ruel
- Defitech Chair of Clinical Neuroengineering, Neuro-X Institute (INX) and Brain Mind Institute (BMI), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 9 Chemin des Mines, 1202, Geneva, Switzerland
- Defitech Chair of Clinical Neuroengineering, Neuro-X Institute (INX) and Brain Mind Institute (BMI), Clinique Romande de Réadaptation, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL Valais), Av. Grand-Champsec 90, 1951, Sion, Switzerland
| | - P Maceira-Elvira
- Defitech Chair of Clinical Neuroengineering, Neuro-X Institute (INX) and Brain Mind Institute (BMI), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 9 Chemin des Mines, 1202, Geneva, Switzerland
- Defitech Chair of Clinical Neuroengineering, Neuro-X Institute (INX) and Brain Mind Institute (BMI), Clinique Romande de Réadaptation, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL Valais), Av. Grand-Champsec 90, 1951, Sion, Switzerland
| | - M Moyne
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Geneva University Hospital (HUG), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - J-L Turlan
- Clinique Romande de Réadaptation (CRR Suva), Sion, Switzerland
| | - A Mühl
- Clinique Romande de Réadaptation (CRR Suva), Sion, Switzerland
| | - L Chauvigné
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Geneva University Hospital (HUG), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - P J Koch
- Defitech Chair of Clinical Neuroengineering, Neuro-X Institute (INX) and Brain Mind Institute (BMI), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 9 Chemin des Mines, 1202, Geneva, Switzerland
- Defitech Chair of Clinical Neuroengineering, Neuro-X Institute (INX) and Brain Mind Institute (BMI), Clinique Romande de Réadaptation, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL Valais), Av. Grand-Champsec 90, 1951, Sion, Switzerland
| | - T Morishita
- Defitech Chair of Clinical Neuroengineering, Neuro-X Institute (INX) and Brain Mind Institute (BMI), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 9 Chemin des Mines, 1202, Geneva, Switzerland
- Defitech Chair of Clinical Neuroengineering, Neuro-X Institute (INX) and Brain Mind Institute (BMI), Clinique Romande de Réadaptation, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL Valais), Av. Grand-Champsec 90, 1951, Sion, Switzerland
| | - A G Guggisberg
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Geneva University Hospital (HUG), Geneva, Switzerland
- Universitäre Neurorehabilitation, Universitätsklinik für Neurologie, Inselspital, University Hospital of Berne, Berne, Switzerland
| | - F C Hummel
- Defitech Chair of Clinical Neuroengineering, Neuro-X Institute (INX) and Brain Mind Institute (BMI), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 9 Chemin des Mines, 1202, Geneva, Switzerland.
- Defitech Chair of Clinical Neuroengineering, Neuro-X Institute (INX) and Brain Mind Institute (BMI), Clinique Romande de Réadaptation, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL Valais), Av. Grand-Champsec 90, 1951, Sion, Switzerland.
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Geneva University Hospital (HUG), Geneva, Switzerland.
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4
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Kaminski E, Carius D, Knieke J, Mizuguchi N, Ragert P. Complex sequential learning is not facilitated by transcranial direct current stimulation over DLPFC or M1. Eur J Neurosci 2024; 59:2046-2058. [PMID: 38270331 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.16255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a non-invasive brain stimulation technique which was found to have a positive modulatory effect on online sequence acquisition or offline motor consolidation, depending on the relative role of the associated brain region. Primary motor regions (M1) and dorsolateral prefrontal cortices (DLPFC) have both been related to sequential learning. However, research so far did not systematically disentangle their differential roles in online and offline learning especially in more complex sequential paradigms. In this study, the influence of anodal M1 leg area-tDCS and anodal DLPFC-tDCS applied during complex sequential learning (online and offline) was investigated using a complex whole body serial reaction time task (CWB-SRTT) in 42 healthy volunteers. TDCS groups did not differ from sham tDCS group regarding their response and reaction time (online) and also not in terms of overnight consolidation (offline). Sequence specific learning and the number of recalled items also did not differ between groups. Results may be related to unspecific parameters such as timing of the stimulation or current intensity but can also be attributed to the relative role of M1 and DLPFC during early complex learning. Taken together, the current study provides preliminary evidence that M1 leg area or DLPFC modulation by means of tDCS does not improve complex sequential skill learning. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Understanding motor learning is helpful to deepen our knowledge about the human ability to acquire new skills. Complex sequential learning tasks have only been studied, sparsely, but are particularly mimicking challenges of daily living. The present study studied early motor learning in a complex serial reaction time task while transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) was either applied to leg primary motor cortex or bilateral dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. TDCS did not affect sequential learning, neither directly during performance nor in terms of sequence consolidation. Results provide preliminary information that M1 or bilateral DLPFC modulation does not improve early complex motor learning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeth Kaminski
- Faculty of Sport Science, Department of Movement Neuroscience, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Daniel Carius
- Faculty of Sport Science, Department of Movement Neuroscience, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Jan Knieke
- Faculty of Sport Science, Department of Movement Neuroscience, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Nobuaki Mizuguchi
- Research Organization of Science and Technology, Ritsumeikan University, Kyoto, Japan
- Institute of Advanced Research for Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Patrick Ragert
- Faculty of Sport Science, Department of Movement Neuroscience, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
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5
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Willmot N, Leow LA, Filmer HL, Dux PE. Exploring the intra-individual reliability of tDCS: A registered report. Cortex 2024; 173:61-79. [PMID: 38382128 DOI: 10.1016/j.cortex.2023.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), a form of non-invasive brain stimulation, has become an important tool for the study of in-vivo brain function due to its modulatory effects. Over the past two decades, interest in the influence of tDCS on behaviour has increased markedly, resulting in a large body of literature spanning multiple domains. However, the effect of tDCS on human performance often varies, bringing into question the reliability of this approach. While reviews and meta-analyses highlight the contributions of methodological inconsistencies and individual differences, no published studies have directly tested the intra-individual reliability of tDCS effects on behaviour. Here, we conducted a large scale, double-blinded, sham-controlled registered report to assess the reliability of two single-session low-dose tDCS montages, previously found to impact response selection and motor learning operations, across two separate time periods. Our planned analysis found no evidence for either protocol being effective nor reliable. Post-hoc explorative analyses found evidence that tDCS influenced motor learning, but not response selection learning. In addition, the reliability of motor learning performance across trials was shown to be disrupted by tDCS. These findings are amongst the first to shed light specifically on the intra-individual reliability of tDCS effects on behaviour and provide valuable information to the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas Willmot
- Department of Defence, Edinburgh, SA, Australia; School of Psychology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia.
| | - Li-Ann Leow
- School of Psychology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - Hannah L Filmer
- School of Psychology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - Paul E Dux
- School of Psychology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
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6
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Kim H, King BR, Verwey WB, Buchanan JJ, Wright DL. Timing of transcranial direct current stimulation at M1 does not affect motor sequence learning. Heliyon 2024; 10:e25905. [PMID: 38370203 PMCID: PMC10869848 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e25905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Administering anodal transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) at the primary motor cortex (M1) at various temporal loci relative to motor training is reported to affect subsequent performance gains. Stimulation administered in conjunction with motor training appears to offer the most robust benefit that emerges during offline epochs. This conclusion is made, however, based on between-experiment comparisons that involved varied methodologies. The present experiment addressed this shortcoming by administering the same 15-minute dose of anodal tDCS at M1 before, during, or after practice of a serial reaction time task (SRTT). It was anticipated that exogenous stimulation during practice with a novel SRTT would facilitate offline gains. Ninety participants were randomly assigned to one of four groups: tDCS before practice, tDCS during practice, tDCS after practice, or no tDCS. Each participant was exposed to 15 min of 2 mA of tDCS and motor training of an eight-element SRTT. The anode was placed at the right M1 with the cathode at the left M1, and the left hand was used to execute the SRTT. Test blocks were administered 1 and 24 h after practice concluded. The results revealed significant offline gain for all conditions at the 1-hour and 24-hour test blocks. Importantly, exposure to anodal tDCS at M1 at any point before, during, or after motor training failed to change the trajectory of skill development as compared to the no-stimulation control condition. These data add to the growing body of evidence questioning the efficacy of a single bout of exogenous stimulation as an adjunct to motor training for fostering skill learning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hakjoo Kim
- Motor Neuroscience Lab, Department of Health and Kinesiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | - Bradley R. King
- Lifespan Motor Neuroscience Lab, Department of Health and Kinesiology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States
| | - Willem B. Verwey
- Section Cognition, Data & Education, Department of Learning, Data-Analytics and Technology, University of Twente, Enschede, Netherlands
| | - John J. Buchanan
- Motor Neuroscience Lab, Department of Health and Kinesiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | - David L. Wright
- Motor Neuroscience Lab, Department of Health and Kinesiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
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7
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Edwards JD, Dominguez-Vargas AU, Rosso C, Branscheidt M, Sheehy L, Quandt F, Zamora SA, Fleming MK, Azzollini V, Mooney RA, Stagg CJ, Gerloff C, Rossi S, Cohen LG, Celnik P, Nitsche MA, Buetefisch CM, Dancause N. A translational roadmap for transcranial magnetic and direct current stimulation in stroke rehabilitation: Consensus-based core recommendations from the third stroke recovery and rehabilitation roundtable. Int J Stroke 2024; 19:145-157. [PMID: 37824726 PMCID: PMC10811969 DOI: 10.1177/17474930231203982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS The purpose of this Third Stroke Recovery and Rehabilitation Roundtable (SRRR3) was to develop consensus recommendations to address outstanding barriers for the translation of preclinical and clinical research using the non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS) techniques Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) and Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) and provide a roadmap for the integration of these techniques into clinical practice. METHODS International NIBS and stroke recovery experts (N = 18) contributed to the consensus process. Using a nominal group technique, recommendations were reached via a five-stage process, involving a thematic survey, two priority ranking surveys, a literature review and an in-person meeting. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS Results of our consensus process yielded five key evidence-based and feasibility barriers for the translation of preclinical and clinical NIBS research, which were formulated into five core consensus recommendations. Recommendations highlight an urgent need for (1) increased understanding of NIBS mechanisms, (2) improved methodological rigor in both preclinical and clinical NIBS studies, (3) standardization of outcome measures, (4) increased clinical relevance in preclinical animal models, and (5) greater optimization and individualization of NIBS protocols. To facilitate the implementation of these recommendations, the expert panel developed a new SRRR3 Unified NIBS Research Checklist. These recommendations represent a translational pathway for the use of NIBS in stroke rehabilitation research and practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jodi D Edwards
- University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | | | | | - Meret Branscheidt
- Cereneo Center for Neurology and Rehabilitation, Vitznau, Switzerland
| | - Lisa Sheehy
- Bruyére Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Fanny Quandt
- University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Simon A Zamora
- Cereneo Center for Neurology and Rehabilitation, Vitznau, Switzerland
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Michael A Nitsche
- Leibniz Research Center for Working Environment and Human Factors, Dortmund, Germany
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8
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Fritsch B, Mayer M, Reis J, Gellner AK. Safety of ipsilesional anodal transcranial direct current stimulation in acute photothrombotic stroke: implications for early neurorehabilitation. Sci Rep 2024; 14:2501. [PMID: 38291061 PMCID: PMC10827716 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-51839-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Early rehabilitation in the acute phase of stroke, that bears unique neuroplastic properties, is the current standard to reduce disability. Anodal transcranial direct current stimulation can augment neurorehabilitation in chronic stroke. Studies in the acute phase are sparse and held back by inconclusive preclinical data pointing towards potential negative interaction of the excitability increasing tDCS modality with stroke-induced glutamate toxicity. In this present study, we aimed to evaluate structural and behavioral safety of anodal tDCS applied in the acute phase of stroke. Photothrombotic stroke including the right primary motor cortex was induced in rats. 24 h after stroke anodal tDCS was applied for 20 min ipsilesionally at one of four different current densities in freely moving animals. Effects on the infarct volume and on stroke induced neuroinflammation were assessed. Behavioral consequences were monitored. Infarct volume and the modified Neurological Severity Score were not affected by anodal tDCS. Pasta handling, a more sensitive task for sensorimotor deficits, and microglia reactivity indicated potentially harmful effects at the highest tDCS current density tested (47.8 A/m2), which is more than 60 times higher than intensities commonly used in humans. Compared to published safety limits of anodal tDCS in healthy rats, recent stroke does not increase the sensitivity of the brain to anodal tDCS, as assessed by lesion size and neuroinflammatory response. Behavioral deficits only occurred at the highest intensity, which was associated with increased neuroinflammation. When safety limits of commonly used clinical tDCS are met, augmentation of early neurorehabilitation after stroke by anodal tDCS appears to be feasible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brita Fritsch
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Freiburg, Breisacher Str. 64, 79106, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Marleen Mayer
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Freiburg, Breisacher Str. 64, 79106, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Janine Reis
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Freiburg, Breisacher Str. 64, 79106, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Anne-Kathrin Gellner
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Freiburg, Breisacher Str. 64, 79106, Freiburg, Germany.
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127, Bonn, Germany.
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9
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Edwards JD, Dominguez-Vargas AU, Rosso C, Branscheidt M, Sheehy L, Quandt F, Zamora SA, Fleming MK, Azzollini V, Mooney RA, Stagg CJ, Gerloff C, Rossi S, Cohen LG, Celnik P, Nitsche MA, Buetefisch CM, Dancause N. A translational roadmap for transcranial magnetic and direct current stimulation in stroke rehabilitation: Consensus-based core recommendations from the third stroke recovery and rehabilitation roundtable. Neurorehabil Neural Repair 2024; 38:19-29. [PMID: 37837350 PMCID: PMC10860359 DOI: 10.1177/15459683231209136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS The purpose of this Third Stroke Recovery and Rehabilitation Roundtable (SRRR3) was to develop consensus recommendations to address outstanding barriers for the translation of preclinical and clinical research using the non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS) techniques Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) and Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) and provide a roadmap for the integration of these techniques into clinical practice. METHODS International NIBS and stroke recovery experts (N = 18) contributed to the consensus process. Using a nominal group technique, recommendations were reached via a five-stage process, involving a thematic survey, two priority ranking surveys, a literature review and an in-person meeting. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS Results of our consensus process yielded five key evidence-based and feasibility barriers for the translation of preclinical and clinical NIBS research, which were formulated into five core consensus recommendations. Recommendations highlight an urgent need for (1) increased understanding of NIBS mechanisms, (2) improved methodological rigor in both preclinical and clinical NIBS studies, (3) standardization of outcome measures, (4) increased clinical relevance in preclinical animal models, and (5) greater optimization and individualization of NIBS protocols. To facilitate the implementation of these recommendations, the expert panel developed a new SRRR3 Unified NIBS Research Checklist. These recommendations represent a translational pathway for the use of NIBS in stroke rehabilitation research and practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jodi D Edwards
- University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | | | | | - Meret Branscheidt
- Cereneo Center for Neurology and Rehabilitation, Vitznau, Switzerland
| | - Lisa Sheehy
- Bruyére Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Fanny Quandt
- University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Simon A Zamora
- Cereneo Center for Neurology and Rehabilitation, Vitznau, Switzerland
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Michael A Nitsche
- Leibniz Research Center for Working Environment and Human Factors, Dortmund, Germany
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10
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Gellner AK, Reis J, Fiebich BL, Fritsch B. Cx3cr1 deficiency interferes with learning- and direct current stimulation-mediated neuroplasticity of the motor cortex. Eur J Neurosci 2024; 59:177-191. [PMID: 38049944 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.16206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/06/2023]
Abstract
Microglia are essential contributors to synaptic transmission and stability and communicate with neurons via the fractalkine pathway. Transcranial direct current stimulation [(t)DCS], a form of non-invasive electrical brain stimulation, modulates cortical excitability and promotes neuroplasticity, which has been extensively demonstrated in the motor cortex and for motor learning. The role of microglia and their fractalkine receptor CX3CR1 in motor cortical neuroplasticity mediated by DCS or motor learning requires further elucidation. We demonstrate the effects of pharmacological microglial depletion and genetic Cx3cr1 deficiency on the induction of DCS-induced long-term potentiation (DCS-LTP) ex vivo. The relevance of microglia-neuron communication for DCS response and structural neuroplasticity underlying motor learning are assessed via 2-photon in vivo imaging. The behavioural consequences of impaired CX3CR1 signalling are investigated for both gross and fine motor learning. We show that DCS-mediated neuroplasticity in the motor cortex depends on the presence of microglia and is driven in part by CX3CR1 signalling ex vivo and provide the first evidence of microglia interacting with neurons during DCS in vivo. Furthermore, CX3CR1 signalling is required for motor learning and underlying structural neuroplasticity in concert with microglia interaction. Although we have recently demonstrated the microglial response to DCS in vivo, we now provide a link between microglial integrity and neuronal activity for the expression of DCS-dependent neuroplasticity. In addition, we extend the knowledge on the relevance of CX3CR1 signalling for motor learning and structural neuroplasticity. The underlying molecular mechanisms and the potential impact of DCS in rescuing CX3CR1 deficits remain to be addressed in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Kathrin Gellner
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Department of Neurology, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Institute of Physiology II, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Janine Reis
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Bernd L Fiebich
- Neurochemistry and Neuroimmunology Research Group, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Brita Fritsch
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
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11
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Caccianiga G, Mooney RA, Celnik PA, Cantarero GL, Brown JD. Anodal cerebellar t-DCS impacts skill learning and transfer on a robotic surgery training task. Sci Rep 2023; 13:21394. [PMID: 38123594 PMCID: PMC10733429 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-47404-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The cerebellum has demonstrated a critical role during adaptation in motor learning. However, the extent to which it can contribute to the skill acquisition of complex real-world tasks remains unclear. One particularly challenging application in terms of motor activities is robotic surgery, which requires surgeons to complete complex multidimensional visuomotor tasks through a remotely operated robot. Given the need for high skill proficiency and the lack of haptic feedback, there is a pressing need for understanding and improving skill development. We investigated the effect of cerebellar transcranial direct current stimulation applied during the execution of a robotic surgery training task. Study participants received either real or sham stimulation while performing a needle driving task in a virtual (simulated) and a real-world (actual surgical robot) setting. We found that cerebellar stimulation significantly improved performance compared to sham stimulation at fast (more demanding) execution speeds in both virtual and real-world training settings. Furthermore, participants that received cerebellar stimulation more effectively transferred the skills they acquired during virtual training to the real world. Our findings underline the potential of non-invasive brain stimulation to enhance skill learning and transfer in real-world relevant tasks and, more broadly, its potential for improving complex motor learning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guido Caccianiga
- Laboratory for Computational Sensing and Robotics, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, 21218, USA.
- Haptic Intelligence Department, Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems, Stuttgart, 70569, Germany.
| | - Ronan A Mooney
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, John Hopkins Medical Institute, Baltimore, 21218, USA
| | - Pablo A Celnik
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, John Hopkins Medical Institute, Baltimore, 21218, USA
- Shirley Ryan AbilityLab, Chicago, 60611, USA
| | - Gabriela L Cantarero
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, John Hopkins Medical Institute, Baltimore, 21218, USA
| | - Jeremy D Brown
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, 21218, USA
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12
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Chen L, Deng Z, Asamoah B, Laughlin MM. Trigeminal nerve direct current stimulation causes sustained increase in neural activity in the rat hippocampus. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.12.12.571341. [PMID: 38168241 PMCID: PMC10760027 DOI: 10.1101/2023.12.12.571341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a noninvasive neuromodulation method that can modulate many brain functions including learning and memory. Recent evidence suggests that tDCS memory effects may be caused by co-stimulation of scalp nerves such as the trigeminal nerve (TN), and not the electric field in the brain. The TN gives input to brainstem nuclei, including the locus coeruleus that controls noradrenaline release across brain regions, including hippocampus. However, the effects of TN direct current stimulation (TN-DCS) are currently not well understood. In this study we hypothesized that TN-DCS manipulates hippocampal activity via an LC-noradrenergic bottom-up pathway. We recorded neural activity in rat hippocampus using multichannel silicon probes. We applied 3 minutes of 0.25 mA or 1 mA TN-DCS, monitored hippocampal activity for up to 1 hour and calculated spikes-rate and spike-field coherence metrics. Subcutaneous injections of xylocaine were used to block TN and intraperitoneal injection of clonidine to block the LC pathway. We found that 1 mA TN-DCS caused a significant increase in hippocampal spike-rate lasting 45 minutes in addition to significant changes in spike-field coherence, while 0.25 mA TN-DCS did not. TN blockage prevented spike-rate increases, confirming effects were not caused by the electric field in the brain. When 1 mA TN-DCS was delivered during clonidine blockage no increase in spike-rate was observed, suggesting an important role for the LC-noradrenergic pathway. These results provide a neural basis to support a tDCS TN co-stimulation mechanism. TN-DCS emerges as an important tool to potentially modulate learning and memory. Highlights Trigeminal nerve direct current stimulation (TN-DCS) boosts hippocampal spike ratesTN-DCS alters spike-field coherence in theta and gamma bands across the hippocampus.Blockade experiments indicate that TN-DCS modulated hippocampal activity via the LC-noradrenergic pathway.TN-DCS emerges as a potential tool for memory manipulation. Figure Graphic Abstract
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13
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Corominas-Teruel X, Bracco M, Fibla M, Segundo RMS, Villalobos-Llaó M, Gallea C, Beranger B, Toba M, Valero-Cabré A, Colomina MT. High-density transcranial direct current stimulation to improve upper limb motor function following stroke: study protocol for a double-blind randomized clinical trial targeting prefrontal and/or cerebellar cognitive contributions to voluntary motion. Trials 2023; 24:783. [PMID: 38049806 PMCID: PMC10694989 DOI: 10.1186/s13063-023-07680-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Focal brain lesions following a stroke of the middle cerebral artery induce large-scale network disarray with a potential to impact multiple cognitive and behavioral domains. Over the last 20 years, non-invasive brain neuromodulation via electrical (tCS) stimulation has shown promise to modulate motor deficits and contribute to recovery. However, weak, inconsistent, or at times heterogeneous outcomes using these techniques have also highlighted the need for novel strategies and the assessment of their efficacy in ad hoc controlled clinical trials. METHODS We here present a double-blind, sham-controlled, single-center, randomized pilot clinical trial involving participants having suffered a unilateral middle cerebral artery (MCA) stroke resulting in motor paralysis of the contralateral upper limb. Patients will undergo a 10-day regime (5 days a week for 2 consecutive weeks) of a newly designed high-definition transcranial direct current stimulation (HD-tDCS) protocol. Clinical evaluations (e.g., Fugl Meyer, NIHSS), computer-based cognitive assessments (visuo-motor adaptation and AX-CPT attention tasks), and electroencephalography (resting-state and task-evoked EEG) will be carried out at 3 time points: (I) Baseline, (II) Post-tDCS, and (III) Follow-up. The study consists of a four-arm trial comparing the impact on motor recovery of three active anodal tDCS conditions: ipsilesional DLPFC tDCS, contralesional cerebellar tDCS or combined DLPFC + contralesional cerebellar tDCS, and a sham tDCS intervention. The Fugl-Meyer Assessment for the upper extremity (FMA-UE) is selected as the primary outcome measure to quantify motor recovery. In every stimulation session, participants will receive 20 min of high-density tDCS stimulation (HD-tDCS) (up to 0.63 mA/[Formula: see text]) with [Formula: see text] electrodes. Electrode scalp positioning relative to the cortical surface (anodes and cathodes) and intensities are based on a biophysical optimization model of current distribution ensuring a 0.25 V/m impact at each of the chosen targets. DISCUSSION Our trial will gauge the therapeutic potential of accumulative sessions of HD-tDCS to improve upper limb motor and cognitive dysfunctions presented by middle cerebral artery stroke patients. In parallel, we aim at characterizing changes in electroencephalographic (EEG) activity as biomarkers of clinical effects and at identifying potential interactions between tDCS impact and motor performance outcomes. Our work will enrich our mechanistic understanding on prefrontal and cerebellar contributions to motor function and its rehabilitation following brain damage. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05329818. April 15, 2022.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xavier Corominas-Teruel
- Sorbonne Université, Institut du Cerveau - Paris Brain Institute - ICM, Groupe de Dynamiques Cérébrales, Plasticité Et Rééducation, FRONTLAB Team, Inserm, CNRS, APHP, Hôpital de La Pitié Salpêtrière, Paris, France
- Department of Psychology and Research Center for Behaviour Assessment (CRAMC), Universitat Rovira I Virgili, Neurobehaviour and Health Research Group, NEUROLAB, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Martina Bracco
- Sorbonne Université, Institut du Cerveau - Paris Brain Institute - ICM, Groupe de Dynamiques Cérébrales, Plasticité Et Rééducation, FRONTLAB Team, Inserm, CNRS, APHP, Hôpital de La Pitié Salpêtrière, Paris, France
- Sorbonne Université, Institut du Cerveau - Paris Brain Institute - ICM, Movement Investigation and Therapeutics Team, MOVIT Team, Inserm, CNRS, APHP, Hôpital de La Pitié Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Montserrat Fibla
- Rehabilitation and Physical Medicine Department, Hospital Universitari Joan XXIII, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Rosa Maria San Segundo
- Rehabilitation and Physical Medicine Department, Hospital Universitari Joan XXIII, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Marc Villalobos-Llaó
- Department of Psychology and Research Center for Behaviour Assessment (CRAMC), Universitat Rovira I Virgili, Neurobehaviour and Health Research Group, NEUROLAB, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Cecile Gallea
- Sorbonne Université, Institut du Cerveau - Paris Brain Institute - ICM, Movement Investigation and Therapeutics Team, MOVIT Team, Inserm, CNRS, APHP, Hôpital de La Pitié Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Benoit Beranger
- Sorbonne Université, Institut du Cerveau - Paris Brain Institute - ICM, Centre de Neuro-Imagerie de Recherche, CENIR, Inserm, CNRS, APHP, Hôpital de La Pitié Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Monica Toba
- Sorbonne Université, Institut du Cerveau - Paris Brain Institute - ICM, Groupe de Dynamiques Cérébrales, Plasticité Et Rééducation, FRONTLAB Team, Inserm, CNRS, APHP, Hôpital de La Pitié Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Antoni Valero-Cabré
- Sorbonne Université, Institut du Cerveau - Paris Brain Institute - ICM, Groupe de Dynamiques Cérébrales, Plasticité Et Rééducation, FRONTLAB Team, Inserm, CNRS, APHP, Hôpital de La Pitié Salpêtrière, Paris, France.
- Sorbonne Université, Institut du Cerveau - Paris Brain Institute - ICM, Centre de Neuro-Imagerie de Recherche, CENIR, Inserm, CNRS, APHP, Hôpital de La Pitié Salpêtrière, Paris, France.
- Dept. Anatomy and Neurobiology, Lab of Cerebral Dynamics, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, USA.
- Cognitive Neuroscience and Information Tech. Research Program, Open University of Catalonia (UOC), Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Maria Teresa Colomina
- Department of Psychology and Research Center for Behaviour Assessment (CRAMC), Universitat Rovira I Virgili, Neurobehaviour and Health Research Group, NEUROLAB, Tarragona, Spain.
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14
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Palimariciuc M, Oprea DC, Cristofor AC, Florea T, Dobrin RP, Dobrin I, Gireadă B, Gavril R, Mawas I, Bejenariu AC, Knieling A, Ciobica A, Chiriță R. The Effects of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation in Patients with Mild Cognitive Impairment. Neurol Int 2023; 15:1423-1442. [PMID: 38132971 PMCID: PMC10745513 DOI: 10.3390/neurolint15040092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) came into consideration in recent years as a promising, non-invasive form of neuromodulation for individuals suffering from mild cognitive impairment (MCI). MCI represents a transitional stage between normal cognitive aging and more severe cognitive decline, which appears in neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease. Numerous studies have shown that tDCS can have several useful effects in patients with MCI. It is believed to enhance cognitive functions, including memory and attention, potentially slowing down the progression of neurodegeneration and cognitive decline. tDCS is believed to work by modulating neuronal activity and promoting synaptic plasticity in the brain regions associated with cognition. Moreover, tDCS is generally considered safe and well-tolerated, making it an attractive option for long-term therapeutic use in MCI. However, further research is needed to determine the optimal stimulation parameters and long-term effects of tDCS in this population, as well as its potential to serve as a complementary therapy alongside other interventions for MCI. In this review, we included 16 randomized clinical trials containing patients with MCI who were treated with tDCS. We aim to provide important evidence for the cognitive enhancement using tDCS in patients with MCI, summarizing the effects and conclusions found in several clinical trials, and discuss its main mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matei Palimariciuc
- Department of Medicine III, Faculty of Medicine, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Iasi, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (M.P.); (D.C.O.); (A.C.C.); (T.F.); (I.D.); (B.G.); (R.G.); (I.M.); (A.C.B.); (R.C.)
- Institute of Psychiatry “Socola”, 36 Bucium Street, 700282 Iasi, Romania
| | - Dan Cătălin Oprea
- Department of Medicine III, Faculty of Medicine, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Iasi, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (M.P.); (D.C.O.); (A.C.C.); (T.F.); (I.D.); (B.G.); (R.G.); (I.M.); (A.C.B.); (R.C.)
- Institute of Psychiatry “Socola”, 36 Bucium Street, 700282 Iasi, Romania
| | - Ana Caterina Cristofor
- Department of Medicine III, Faculty of Medicine, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Iasi, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (M.P.); (D.C.O.); (A.C.C.); (T.F.); (I.D.); (B.G.); (R.G.); (I.M.); (A.C.B.); (R.C.)
- Institute of Psychiatry “Socola”, 36 Bucium Street, 700282 Iasi, Romania
| | - Tudor Florea
- Department of Medicine III, Faculty of Medicine, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Iasi, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (M.P.); (D.C.O.); (A.C.C.); (T.F.); (I.D.); (B.G.); (R.G.); (I.M.); (A.C.B.); (R.C.)
- Institute of Psychiatry “Socola”, 36 Bucium Street, 700282 Iasi, Romania
| | - Romeo Petru Dobrin
- Department of Medicine III, Faculty of Medicine, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Iasi, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (M.P.); (D.C.O.); (A.C.C.); (T.F.); (I.D.); (B.G.); (R.G.); (I.M.); (A.C.B.); (R.C.)
- Institute of Psychiatry “Socola”, 36 Bucium Street, 700282 Iasi, Romania
| | - Irina Dobrin
- Department of Medicine III, Faculty of Medicine, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Iasi, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (M.P.); (D.C.O.); (A.C.C.); (T.F.); (I.D.); (B.G.); (R.G.); (I.M.); (A.C.B.); (R.C.)
- Institute of Psychiatry “Socola”, 36 Bucium Street, 700282 Iasi, Romania
| | - Bogdan Gireadă
- Department of Medicine III, Faculty of Medicine, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Iasi, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (M.P.); (D.C.O.); (A.C.C.); (T.F.); (I.D.); (B.G.); (R.G.); (I.M.); (A.C.B.); (R.C.)
- Institute of Psychiatry “Socola”, 36 Bucium Street, 700282 Iasi, Romania
| | - Radu Gavril
- Department of Medicine III, Faculty of Medicine, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Iasi, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (M.P.); (D.C.O.); (A.C.C.); (T.F.); (I.D.); (B.G.); (R.G.); (I.M.); (A.C.B.); (R.C.)
- Institute of Psychiatry “Socola”, 36 Bucium Street, 700282 Iasi, Romania
| | - Iasmin Mawas
- Department of Medicine III, Faculty of Medicine, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Iasi, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (M.P.); (D.C.O.); (A.C.C.); (T.F.); (I.D.); (B.G.); (R.G.); (I.M.); (A.C.B.); (R.C.)
| | - Andreea Cristina Bejenariu
- Department of Medicine III, Faculty of Medicine, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Iasi, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (M.P.); (D.C.O.); (A.C.C.); (T.F.); (I.D.); (B.G.); (R.G.); (I.M.); (A.C.B.); (R.C.)
- Institute of Psychiatry “Socola”, 36 Bucium Street, 700282 Iasi, Romania
| | - Anton Knieling
- Institute of Forensic Medicine, 700455 Iași, Romania;
- Forensic Science Department, Faculty of Medicine, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Iasi, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Alin Ciobica
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Biology, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University, B-dul Carol I No. 11, 700506 Iasi, Romania;
- Academy of Romanian Scientists, Splaiul Independentei Nr. 54, Sector 5, 050094 Bucuresti, Romania
- Centre of Biomedical Research, Romanian Academy, B-dul Carol I No. 8, 700506 Iasi, Romania
- Preclinical Department, Apollonia University, Păcurari Street 11, 700511 Iași, Romania
| | - Roxana Chiriță
- Department of Medicine III, Faculty of Medicine, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Iasi, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (M.P.); (D.C.O.); (A.C.C.); (T.F.); (I.D.); (B.G.); (R.G.); (I.M.); (A.C.B.); (R.C.)
- Institute of Psychiatry “Socola”, 36 Bucium Street, 700282 Iasi, Romania
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15
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Sehatpour P, Kreither J, Lopez-Calderon J, Shastry AM, De Baun HM, Martinez A, Javitt DC. Network-level mechanisms underlying effects of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) on visuomotor learning in schizophrenia. Transl Psychiatry 2023; 13:360. [PMID: 37993420 PMCID: PMC10665365 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-023-02656-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Motor learning is a fundamental skill to our daily lives. Dysfunction in motor performance in schizophrenia (Sz) has been associated with poor social and functional outcomes. Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), a non-invasive electrical brain stimulation approach, can influence underlying brain function with potential for improving motor learning in Sz. We used a well-established Serial Reaction Time Task (SRTT) to study motor learning, in combination with simultaneous tDCS and EEG recording, to investigate mechanisms of motor and procedural learning deficits in Sz, and to develop refined non-invasive brain stimulation approaches to improve neurocognitive dysfunction. We recruited 27 individuals with Sz and 21 healthy controls (HC). Individuals performed the SRTT task as they received sham and active tDCS with simultaneous EEG recording. Reaction time (RT), neuropsychological, and measures of global functioning were assessed. SRTT performance was significantly impaired in Sz and showed significant correlations with motor-related and working memory measures as well as global function. Source-space time-frequency decomposition of EEG showed beta-band coherence across supplementary-motor, primary-motor and visual cortex forming a network involved in SRTT performance. Motor-cathodal and visual-cathodal stimulations resulted in significant modulation in coherence particularly across the motor-visual nodes of the network accompanied by significant improvement in motor learning in both controls and patients. Here, we confirm earlier reports of SRTT impairment in Sz and demonstrate significant reversal of the deficits with tDCS. The findings support continued development of tDCS for enhancement of plasticity-based interventions in Sz, as well as source-space EEG analytic approaches for evaluating underlying neural mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pejman Sehatpour
- Division of Experimental Therapeutics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.
- Schizophrenia Research Division, Nathan Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, NY, USA.
| | - Johanna Kreither
- PIA Ciencias Cognitivas, Centro de Investigación en Ciencias Cognitivas, Facultad de Psicología, and Laboratorio de Neurofisiología, Escuela de Medicina, Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile
| | | | - Adithya M Shastry
- Division of Experimental Therapeutics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Heloise M De Baun
- Division of Experimental Therapeutics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Antigona Martinez
- Division of Experimental Therapeutics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
- Schizophrenia Research Division, Nathan Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, NY, USA
| | - Daniel C Javitt
- Division of Experimental Therapeutics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.
- Schizophrenia Research Division, Nathan Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, NY, USA.
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16
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Pantovic M, Lidstone DE, de Albuquerque LL, Wilkins EW, Munoz IA, Aynlender DG, Morris D, Dufek JS, Poston B. Cerebellar Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation Applied over Multiple Days Does Not Enhance Motor Learning of a Complex Overhand Throwing Task in Young Adults. Bioengineering (Basel) 2023; 10:1265. [PMID: 38002389 PMCID: PMC10669324 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering10111265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Cerebellar transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) enhances motor skill and learning in relatively simple motor tasks, but it is unclear if c-tDCS can improve motor performance in complex motor tasks. The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of c-tDCS applied over multiple days on motor learning in a complex overhand throwing task. In a double-blind, randomized, between-subjects, SHAM-controlled, experimental design, 30 young adults were assigned to either a c-tDCS or a SHAM group. Participants completed three identical experiments on consecutive days that involved overhand throwing in a pre-test block, five practice blocks with concurrent c-tDCS, and a post-test block. Overhand throwing endpoint accuracy was quantified as the endpoint error. The first dorsal interosseous muscle motor evoked potential (MEP) amplitude elicited by transcranial magnetic stimulation was used to quantify primary motor cortex (M1) excitability modulations via c-tDCS. Endpoint error significantly decreased over the 3 days of practice, but the magnitude of decrease was not significantly different between the c-tDCS and SHAM group. Similarly, MEP amplitude slightly increased from the pre-tests to the post-tests, but these increases did not differ between groups. These results indicate that multi-day c-tDCS does not improve motor learning in an overhand throwing task or increase M1 excitability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milan Pantovic
- Health and Human Performance Department, Utah Tech University, St. George, UT 84770, USA;
| | - Daniel E. Lidstone
- Center for Neurodevelopment and Imaging Research, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA;
| | - Lidio Lima de Albuquerque
- School of Health and Applied Human Sciences, University of North Carolina Wilmington, Wilmington, NC 28403, USA;
| | - Erik W. Wilkins
- Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition Sciences, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV 89154, USA; (E.W.W.); (J.S.D.)
| | - Irwin A. Munoz
- School of Medicine, University of Nevada-Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV 89154, USA; (I.A.M.); (D.G.A.); (D.M.)
| | - Daniel G. Aynlender
- School of Medicine, University of Nevada-Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV 89154, USA; (I.A.M.); (D.G.A.); (D.M.)
| | - Desiree Morris
- School of Medicine, University of Nevada-Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV 89154, USA; (I.A.M.); (D.G.A.); (D.M.)
| | - Janet S. Dufek
- Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition Sciences, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV 89154, USA; (E.W.W.); (J.S.D.)
| | - Brach Poston
- Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition Sciences, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV 89154, USA; (E.W.W.); (J.S.D.)
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17
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Lang-Hodge AM, Cooke DF, Marigold DS. The effects of prior exposure to prism lenses on de novo motor skill learning. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0292518. [PMID: 37862342 PMCID: PMC10588867 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0292518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Motor learning involves plasticity in a network of brain areas across the cortex and cerebellum. Such traces of learning have the potential to affect subsequent learning of other tasks. In some cases, prior learning can interfere with subsequent learning, but it may be possible to potentiate learning of one task with a prior task if they are sufficiently different. Because prism adaptation involves extensive neuroplasticity, we reasoned that the elevated excitability of neurons could increase their readiness to undergo structural changes, and in turn, create an optimal state for learning a subsequent task. We tested this idea, selecting two different forms of learning tasks, asking whether exposure to a sensorimotor adaptation task can improve subsequent de novo motor skill learning. Participants first learned a new visuomotor mapping induced by prism glasses in which prism strength varied trial-to-trial. Immediately after and the next day, we tested participants on a mirror tracing task, a form of de novo skill learning. Prism-trained and control participants both learned the mirror tracing task, with similar reductions in error and increases in distance traced. Both groups also showed evidence of offline performance gains between the end of day 1 and the start of day 2. However, we did not detect differences between groups. Overall, our results do not support the idea that prism adaptation learning can potentiate subsequent de novo learning. We discuss factors that may have contributed to this result.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annmarie M. Lang-Hodge
- Biomedical Physiology and Kinesiology, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Dylan F. Cooke
- Biomedical Physiology and Kinesiology, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
- Institute for Neuroscience and Neurotechnology, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Daniel S. Marigold
- Biomedical Physiology and Kinesiology, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
- Institute for Neuroscience and Neurotechnology, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
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18
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Pantovic M, de Albuquerque LL, Mastrantonio S, Pomerantz AS, Wilkins EW, Riley ZA, Guadagnoli MA, Poston B. Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation of Primary Motor Cortex over Multiple Days Improves Motor Learning of a Complex Overhand Throwing Task. Brain Sci 2023; 13:1441. [PMID: 37891809 PMCID: PMC10604977 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci13101441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) applied to the primary motor cortex (M1) improves motor learning in relatively simple motor tasks performed with the hand and arm. However, it is unknown if tDCS can improve motor learning in complex motor tasks involving whole-body coordination with significant endpoint accuracy requirements. The primary purpose was to determine the influence of tDCS on motor learning over multiple days in a complex over-hand throwing task. This study utilized a double-blind, randomized, SHAM-controlled, between-subjects experimental design. Forty-six young adults were allocated to either a tDCS group or a SHAM group and completed three experimental sessions on three consecutive days at the same time of day. Each experimental session was identical and consisted of overhand throwing trials to a target in a pre-test block, five practice blocks performed simultaneously with 20 min of tDCS, and a post-test block. Overhand throwing performance was quantified as the endpoint error. Transcranial magnetic stimulation was used to obtain motor-evoked potentials (MEPs) from the first dorsal interosseus muscle to quantify changes in M1 excitability due to tDCS. Endpoint error significantly decreased over the three days of practice in the tDCS group but not in the SHAM group. MEP amplitude significantly increased in the tDCS group, but the MEP increases were not associated with increases in motor learning. These findings indicate that tDCS applied over multiple days can improve motor learning in a complex motor tasks in healthy young adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milan Pantovic
- Health and Human Performance Department, Utah Tech University, St. George, UT 84770, USA;
| | - Lidio Lima de Albuquerque
- School of Health and Applied Human Sciences, University of North Carolina-Wilmington, Wilmington, NC 28403, USA;
| | - Sierra Mastrantonio
- School of Medicine, University of Nevada-Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV 89154, USA; (S.M.); (A.S.P.); (M.A.G.)
| | - Austin S. Pomerantz
- School of Medicine, University of Nevada-Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV 89154, USA; (S.M.); (A.S.P.); (M.A.G.)
| | - Erik W. Wilkins
- Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition Sciences, University of Nevada-Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV 89154, USA;
| | - Zachary A. Riley
- Department of Kinesiology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA;
| | - Mark A. Guadagnoli
- School of Medicine, University of Nevada-Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV 89154, USA; (S.M.); (A.S.P.); (M.A.G.)
| | - Brach Poston
- Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition Sciences, University of Nevada-Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV 89154, USA;
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19
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Vandendoorent B, Nackaerts E, Zoetewei D, Hulzinga F, Gilat M, Orban de Xivry JJ, Nieuwboer A. Effect of transcranial direct current stimulation on learning in older adults with and without Parkinson's disease: A systematic review with meta-analysis. Brain Cogn 2023; 171:106073. [PMID: 37611344 DOI: 10.1016/j.bandc.2023.106073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2023] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
Older adults with and without Parkinson's disease show impaired retention after training of motor or cognitive skills. This systematic review with meta-analysis aims to investigate whether adding transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) to motor or cognitive training versus placebo boosts motor sequence and working memory training. The effects of interest were estimated between three time points, i.e. pre-training, post-training and follow-up. This review was conducted according to the PRISMA guidelines (PROSPERO: CRD42022348885). Electronic databases were searched from conception to March 2023. Following initial screening, 24 studies were eligible for inclusion in the qualitative synthesis and 20 could be included in the meta-analysis, of which 5 studies concerned motor sequence learning (total n = 186) and 15 working memory training (total n = 650). Results were pooled using an inverse variance random effects meta-analysis. The findings showed no statistically significant additional effects of tDCS over placebo on motor sequence learning outcomes. However, there was a strong trend showing that tDCS boosted working memory training, although methodological limitations and some heterogeneity were also apparent. In conclusion, the present findings do not support wide implementation of tDCS as an add-on to motor sequence training at the moment, but the promising results on cognitive training warrant further investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Britt Vandendoorent
- Neuromotor Rehabilitation Research Group, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Evelien Nackaerts
- Neuromotor Rehabilitation Research Group, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Demi Zoetewei
- Neuromotor Rehabilitation Research Group, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Femke Hulzinga
- Neuromotor Rehabilitation Research Group, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Moran Gilat
- Neuromotor Rehabilitation Research Group, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jean-Jacques Orban de Xivry
- Movement Control and Neuroplasticity Research Group, Department of Movement Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Alice Nieuwboer
- Neuromotor Rehabilitation Research Group, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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20
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De Guzman KA, Young RJ, Contini V, Clinton E, Hitchcock A, Riley ZA, Poston B. The Influence of Transcranial Alternating Current Stimulation on Fatigue Resistance. Brain Sci 2023; 13:1225. [PMID: 37626581 PMCID: PMC10452200 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci13081225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous research has shown that some forms of non-invasive brain stimulation can increase fatigue resistance. The purpose of this study is to determine the influence of transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) on the time to task failure (TTF) of a precision grip task. The study utilized a randomized, double-blind, SHAM-controlled, within-subjects design. Twenty-six young adults completed two experimental sessions (tACS and SHAM) with a 7-day washout period between sessions. Each session involved a fatiguing isometric contraction of the right hand with a precision grip with either a tACS or SHAM stimulation applied to the primary motor cortex (M1) simultaneously. For the fatiguing contraction, the participants matched an isometric target force of 20% of the maximum voluntary contraction (MVC) force until task failure. Pre- and post-MVCs were performed to quantify the force decline due to fatigue. Accordingly, the dependent variables were the TTF and MVC force decline as well as the average EMG activity, force error, and standard deviation (SD) of force during the fatiguing contractions. The results indicate that there were no significant differences in any of the dependent variables between the tACS and SHAM conditions (p value range: 0.256-0.820). These findings suggest that tACS does not increase the TTF during fatiguing contractions in young adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kayla A. De Guzman
- Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition Sciences, University of Nevada-Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV 89154, USA; (K.A.D.G.); (E.C.)
| | - Richard J. Young
- Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition Sciences, University of Nevada-Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV 89154, USA; (K.A.D.G.); (E.C.)
- Optum Labs, Minnetonka, MN 55343, USA
| | - Valentino Contini
- Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition Sciences, University of Nevada-Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV 89154, USA; (K.A.D.G.); (E.C.)
| | - Eliza Clinton
- Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition Sciences, University of Nevada-Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV 89154, USA; (K.A.D.G.); (E.C.)
| | - Ashley Hitchcock
- Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition Sciences, University of Nevada-Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV 89154, USA; (K.A.D.G.); (E.C.)
| | - Zachary A. Riley
- Department of Kinesiology, Indiana University—Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Brach Poston
- Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition Sciences, University of Nevada-Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV 89154, USA; (K.A.D.G.); (E.C.)
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21
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de Albuquerque LL, Pantovic M, Clingo M, Fischer K, Jalene S, Landers M, Mari Z, Poston B. A Single Application of Cerebellar Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation Fails to Enhance Motor Skill Acquisition in Parkinson's Disease: A Pilot Study. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2219. [PMID: 37626716 PMCID: PMC10452618 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11082219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that leads to numerous impairments in motor function that compromise the ability to perform activities of daily living. Practical and effective adjunct therapies are needed to complement current treatment approaches in PD. Transcranial direct current stimulation applied to the cerebellum (c-tDCS) can increase motor skill in young and older adults. Because the cerebellum is involved in PD pathology, c-tDCS application during motor practice could potentially enhance motor skill in PD. The primary purpose was to examine the influence of c-tDCS on motor skill acquisition in a complex, visuomotor isometric precision grip task (PGT) in PD in the OFF-medication state. The secondary purpose was to determine the influence of c-tDCS on transfer of motor skill in PD. The study utilized a double-blind, SHAM-controlled, within-subjects design. A total of 16 participants completed a c-tDCS condition and a SHAM condition in two experimental sessions separated by a 7-day washout period. Each session involved practice of the PGT concurrent with either c-tDCS or SHAM. Additionally, motor transfer tasks were quantified before and after the practice and stimulation period. The force error in the PGT was not significantly different between the c-tDCS and SHAM conditions. Similarly, transfer task performance was not significantly different between the c-tDCS and SHAM conditions. These findings indicate that a single session of c-tDCS does not elicit acute improvements in motor skill acquisition or transfer in hand and arm tasks in PD while participants are off medications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lidio Lima de Albuquerque
- School of Health and Applied Human Sciences, University of North Carolina Wilmington, Wilmington, NC 28403, USA;
| | - Milan Pantovic
- Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition Sciences, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV 89154, USA; (M.P.); (K.F.); (S.J.)
| | - Mitchell Clingo
- School of Medicine, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV 89154, USA;
| | - Katherine Fischer
- Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition Sciences, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV 89154, USA; (M.P.); (K.F.); (S.J.)
| | - Sharon Jalene
- Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition Sciences, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV 89154, USA; (M.P.); (K.F.); (S.J.)
| | - Merrill Landers
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV 89154, USA;
| | - Zoltan Mari
- Movement Disorders Program, Cleveland Clinic Lou Ruvo Center for Brain Health, Las Vegas, NV 89106, USA;
| | - Brach Poston
- Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition Sciences, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV 89154, USA; (M.P.); (K.F.); (S.J.)
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22
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Anoushiravani S, Alizadehgoradel J, Iranpour A, Yousefi Bilehsavar O, Pouresmali A, Nitsche MA, Salehinejad MA, Mosayebi-Samani M, Zoghi M. The impact of bilateral anodal transcranial direct current stimulation of the premotor and cerebellar cortices on physiological and performance parameters of gymnastic athletes: a randomized, cross-over, sham-controlled study. Sci Rep 2023; 13:10611. [PMID: 37391555 PMCID: PMC10313825 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-37843-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Professional sports performance relies critically on the interaction between the brain and muscles during movement. Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a noninvasive brain stimulation technique which modulates cortical excitability and can be used to improve motor performance in athletes. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of bilateral anodal tDCS (2 mA, 20 min) over the premotor cortex or cerebellum on motor and physiological functions and peak performance of professional gymnastics athletes. Seventeen professional gymnastics athletes participated in a randomized, sham-controlled, crossover study. In this study, we assessed the efficacy of two anodal tDCS protocols (2 mA, 20 min) with stimulation over the bilateral premotor cortex or cerebellum with the return electrodes placed over the opposite supraorbital areas. Power speed, strength coordination, endurance, static and dynamic strength, static and dynamic flexibility, and rating of perceived exertion were measured before and immediately after tDCS interventions (bilateral anodal tDCS over premotor cortices, anodal tDCS over the cerebellum, and sham tDCS). Additionally, physiological muscle performance parameters, including maximum voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC) of upper body muscles, were assessed during tDCS. Bilateral anodal tDCS over the premotor cortex, compared to anodal tDCS over the cerebellum and sham tDCS conditions, significantly improved power speed, strength coordination, and static and dynamic strength variables of professional gymnastics athletes. Furthermore, bilateral anodal tDCS over the cerebellum, compared to sham tDCS, significantly improved strength coordination. Moreover, bilateral premotor anodal tDCS significantly increased MVIC of all upper body muscles during stimulation, while anodal tDCS over the cerebellum increased MVIC in only some muscles. Bilateral anodal tDCS over the premotor cortex, and to a minor degree over the cerebellum, might be suited to improve some aspects of motor and physiological functions and peak performance levels of professional gymnastics athletes.Clinical Trial Registration ID: IRCT20180724040579N2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajjad Anoushiravani
- Department of Sports Physiology, Faculty of Educational Sciences and Psychology, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran.
| | - Jaber Alizadehgoradel
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Humanities, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran.
| | - Asgar Iranpour
- Department of Sports Physiology, Faculty of Educational Sciences and Psychology, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Omid Yousefi Bilehsavar
- Department of Sports Physiology, Faculty of Educational Sciences and Psychology, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Asghar Pouresmali
- Department of Family Health, Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Michael A Nitsche
- Department of Psychology and Neurosciences, Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors, Dortmund, Germany
- University Hospital OWL, Protestant Hospital of Bethel Foundation, University Clinic of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy and University Clinic of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Mohammad Ali Salehinejad
- Department of Psychology and Neurosciences, Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Mohsen Mosayebi-Samani
- Department of Psychology and Neurosciences, Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Maryam Zoghi
- Discipline of Physiotherapy, Institute of Health and Wellbeing, Federation University, Victoria, Australia
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23
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Zoghi M, Jaberzadeh S. A step toward restoring hand functions in patients with multiple sclerosis-a study protocol. FRONTIERS IN REHABILITATION SCIENCES 2023; 4:1053577. [PMID: 37387732 PMCID: PMC10303119 DOI: 10.3389/fresc.2023.1053577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023]
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by inflammation, demyelination of axons, and oligodendrocyte loss in the central nervous system. This leads to neurological dysfunction, including hand impairment, which is prevalent among patients with MS. However, hand impairment is the least targeted area for neurorehabilitation studies. Therefore, this study proposes a novel approach to improve hand functions compared to current strategies. Studies have shown that learning new skills in the motor cortex (M1) can trigger the production of oligodendrocytes and myelin, which is a critical mechanism for neuroplasticity. Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) has been used to enhance motor learning and function in human subjects. However, tDCS induces non-specific effects, and concurrent behavioral training has been found to optimize its benefits. Recent research indicates that applying tDCS during motor learning can have priming effects on the long-term potentiation mechanism and prolong the effects of motor training in health and disease. Therefore, this study aims to assess whether applying repeated tDCS during the learning of a new motor skill in M1 can be more effective in improving hand functions in patients with MS than current neurorehabilitation strategies. If this approach proves successful in improving hand functions in patients with MS, it could be adopted as a new approach to restore hand functions. Additionally, if the application of tDCS demonstrates an accumulative effect in improving hand functions in patients with MS, it could provide an adjunct intervention during rehabilitation for these patients. This study will contribute to the growing body of literature on the use of tDCS in neurorehabilitation and could have a significant impact on the quality of life of patients with MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Zoghi
- Discipline of Physiotherapy, Institute of Health and Wellbeing, Federation University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Shapour Jaberzadeh
- Non-invasive Brain Stimulation & Neuroplasticity Laboratory, Department of Physiotherapy, School of Primary and Allied Health Care (SPAHC), Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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24
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McCane LM, Wolpaw JR, Thompson AK. Effects of active and sham tDCS on the soleus H-reflex during standing. Exp Brain Res 2023; 241:1611-1622. [PMID: 37145136 PMCID: PMC10224818 DOI: 10.1007/s00221-023-06624-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Weak transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is known to affect corticospinal excitability and enhance motor skill acquisition, whereas its effects on spinal reflexes in actively contracting muscles are yet to be established. Thus, in this study, we examined the acute effects of Active and Sham tDCS on the soleus H-reflex during standing. In fourteen adults without known neurological conditions, the soleus H-reflex was repeatedly elicited at just above M-wave threshold throughout 30 min of Active (N = 7) or Sham (N = 7) 2-mA tDCS over the primary motor cortex in standing. The maximum H-reflex (Hmax) and M-wave (Mmax) were also measured before and immediately after 30 min of tDCS. The soleus H-reflex amplitudes became significantly larger (by 6%) ≈1 min into Active or Sham tDCS and gradually returned toward the pre-tDCS values, on average, within 15 min. With Active tDCS, the amplitude reduction from the initial increase appeared to occur more swiftly than with Sham tDCS. An acute temporary increase in the soleus H-reflex amplitude within the first minute of Active and Sham tDCS found in this study indicates a previously unreported effect of tDCS on the H-reflex excitability. The present study suggests that neurophysiological characterization of Sham tDCS effects is just as important as investigating Active tDCS effects in understanding and defining acute effects of tDCS on the excitability of spinal reflex pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lynn M McCane
- Interdisciplinary Neuroscience Program, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, 02881, USA
- National Center for Adaptive Neurotechnologies, Stratton VAMC, Albany, NY, 12208, USA
| | - Jonathan R Wolpaw
- National Center for Adaptive Neurotechnologies, Stratton VAMC, Albany, NY, 12208, USA
| | - Aiko K Thompson
- Department of Health Sciences and Research, College of Health Professions, Medical University of South Carolina, 77 President Street, MSC 700, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA.
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Park J, Jeong J. Dribble Accuracy and Arm Coordination Pattern According to Motor Expertise and Tempo. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:ijerph20105788. [PMID: 37239517 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20105788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2023] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Skilled movements in motor learning result from efficiently controlling the many degrees of freedom in human movement. To acquire motor skills, harmonious coordination of body segments in time and space is crucial for accurate and consistent performance. The purpose of this study was to compare dribbling accuracy, consistency, and coordination patterns of body segments according to motor expertise and tempo. To achieve this, we had eight basketball experts and eight beginners perform static dribbling at three different speeds for 20 s. Force plates measured radial error while motion capture equipment measured the angular data of the right arm's fingers, wrist, and elbow. The measurements obtained from the force plate were used to analyze the participants' dribbling performance, including accuracy, consistency, and coordination patterns. The research results showed that there was no significant difference in dribbling accuracy according to skill level, but skilled players showed higher consistency in the anterior-posterior (AP) direction (p < 0.001). In the comparative analysis of coordination patterns, skilled players showed an in-phase structure, whereas beginners showed an anti-phase structure (elbow-wrist: p < 0.05; wrist-finger: p < 0.001; elbow-finger: p < 0.001). This study suggests that achieving proficiency in basketball dribbling requires a strategy that involves coordination of movements with an in-phase pattern for stability in performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinhan Park
- Department of Applied Physiology and Kinesiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Jaeuk Jeong
- Department of Physical Education, College of Education, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
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26
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Byczynski G, Vanneste S. Modulating motor learning with brain stimulation: Stage-specific perspectives for transcranial and transcutaneous delivery. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2023; 125:110766. [PMID: 37044280 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2023.110766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/09/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
Brain stimulation has been used in motor learning studies with success in improving aspects of task learning, retention, and consolidation. Using a variety of motor tasks and stimulus parameters, researchers have produced an array of literature supporting the efficacy of brain stimulation to modulate motor task learning. We discuss the use of transcranial direct current stimulation, transcranial alternating current stimulation, and peripheral nerve stimulation to modulate motor learning. In a novel approach, we review literature of motor learning modulation in terms of learning stage, categorizing learning into acquisition, consolidation, and retention. We endeavour to provide a current perspective on the stage-specific mechanism behind modulation of motor task learning, to give insight into how electrical stimulation improves or hinders motor learning, and how mechanisms differ depending on learning stage. Offering a look into the effectiveness of peripheral nerve stimulation for motor learning, we include potential mechanisms and overlapping features with transcranial stimulation. We conclude by exploring how peripheral stimulation may contribute to the results of studies that employed brain stimulation intracranially.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Byczynski
- Lab for Clinical and Integrative Neuroscience, Trinity College Institute for Neuroscience, School of Psychology, Trinity College Dublin, D02 PN40, Ireland; Global Brain Health Institute, Trinity College Dublin, D02 PN40, Ireland
| | - Sven Vanneste
- Lab for Clinical and Integrative Neuroscience, Trinity College Institute for Neuroscience, School of Psychology, Trinity College Dublin, D02 PN40, Ireland; School of Psychology, Trinity College Institute for Neuroscience, School of Psychology, Trinity College Dublin, D02 PN40, Ireland; Global Brain Health Institute, Trinity College Dublin, D02 PN40, Ireland.
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27
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Javitt D, Sehatpour P, Kreither J, Lopez-Calderon J, Shastry A, De-Baun H, Martinez A. Network-level mechanisms underlying effects of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) on visuomotor learning impairments in schizophrenia. RESEARCH SQUARE 2023:rs.3.rs-2711867. [PMID: 37066410 PMCID: PMC10104242 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-2711867/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/18/2023]
Abstract
Motor learning is a fundamental skill to our daily lives. Dysfunction in motor performance in schizophrenia (Sz) is associated with poor social and functional outcomes, but nevertheless remains understudied relative to other neurocognitive domains. Moreover, transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) can influence underlying brain function in Sz and may be especially useful in enhancing local cortical plasticity, but underlying neural mechanisms remain incompletely understood. Here, we evaluated performance of Sz individuals on the Serial Reaction Time Task (SRTT), which has been extensively used in prior tDCS research, in combination with concurrent tDCS and EEG source localization first to evaluate the integrity of visuomotor learning in Sz relative to other cognitive domains and second to investigate underlying neural mechanisms. Twenty-seven individuals with Sz and 21 healthy controls (HC) performed the SRTT task as they received sham or active tDCS and simultaneous EEG recording. Measures of motor, neuropsychological and global functioning were also assessed. Impaired SRTT performance correlated significantly with deficits in motor performance, working memory, and global functioning. Time-frequency ("Beamformer") EEG source localization showed beta-band coherence across supplementary-motor, primary-motor and visual cortex regions, with reduced visuomotor coherence in Sz relative to HC. Cathodal tDCS targeting both visual and motor regions resulted in significant modulation in coherence particularly across the motor-visual nodes of the network accompanied by significant improvement in motor learning in both controls and patients. Overall, these findings demonstrate the utility of the SRTT to study mechanisms of visuomotor impairment in Sz and demonstrate significant tDCS effects on both learning and connectivity when applied over either visual or motor regions. The findings support continued study of dysfunctional dorsal-stream visual connectivity and motor plasticity as components of cognitive impairment in Sz, of local tDCS administration for enhancement of plasticity, and of source-space EEG-based biomarkers for evaluation of underlying neural mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Javitt
- Columbia University Medical Center/Nathan Kline Institute
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Zhou Q, Chen Y, Tang H, Zhang L, Ma Y, Bai D, Kong Y. Transcranial direct current stimulation alleviated ischemic stroke induced injury involving the BDNF-TrkB signaling axis in rats. Heliyon 2023; 9:e14946. [PMID: 37089354 PMCID: PMC10114158 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e14946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Revised: 03/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Ischemic stroke causes a complicated sequence of apoptotic cascades leading to neuronal damage and functional impairments. Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a non-invasive treatment technique that uses electrodes to deliver weak current to the head. It could influence brain activity and has a crucial role in neuronal survival and plasticity. The current study investigated the neuroprotective effects and potential mechanisms of tDCS by brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and its related receptor tropomyosin-receptor kinase B (TrkB) against apoptosis following ischemic injury in vivo. The effect of consecutive treatment with tDCS for seven days on rats after Middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion (MCAO/R) surgery was studied. Western blotting, immunofluorescent staining, TUNEL assay, and electron microscope were conducted seven days after tDCS treatment, and the motor function was assessed at 1, 3, and 7 days. Activities of BDNF-TrkB signaling axis and apoptosis-related proteins were determined in the cerebral cortex. At seven days after tDCS treatment, it increased BDNF levels and promoted the regeneration of axons compared with the MCAO/R group. There was also a reduction in neuronal apoptosis and improved functional deficits. Whereafter, a TrkB receptor inhibitor K252a was administrated to clarify whether the neuroprotection of tDCS is exerted via BDNF-TrkB signaling. The results depicted that K252a application significantly inhibited the neuroprotection impact of tDCS treatment. It was accompanied by a significant downregulation of phosphorylation of TrkB, PI3K, and Akt. Our study investigated the neuroprotective effects of tDCS against ischemic injury. The results indicate that upregulation of BDNF and its critical receptor TrkB, as well as its downstream PI3K/Akt pathway, were involved in the protective effects exerted by tDCS.
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Goble M, Caddick V, Patel R, Modi H, Darzi A, Orihuela-Espina F, Leff DR. Optical neuroimaging and neurostimulation in surgical training and assessment: A state-of-the-art review. FRONTIERS IN NEUROERGONOMICS 2023; 4:1142182. [PMID: 38234498 PMCID: PMC10790870 DOI: 10.3389/fnrgo.2023.1142182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
Introduction Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) is a non-invasive optical neuroimaging technique used to assess surgeons' brain function. The aim of this narrative review is to outline the effect of expertise, stress, surgical technology, and neurostimulation on surgeons' neural activation patterns, and highlight key progress areas required in surgical neuroergonomics to modulate training and performance. Methods A literature search of PubMed and Embase was conducted to identify neuroimaging studies using fNIRS and neurostimulation in surgeons performing simulated tasks. Results Novice surgeons exhibit greater haemodynamic responses across the pre-frontal cortex than experts during simple surgical tasks, whilst expert surgical performance is characterized by relative prefrontal attenuation and upregulation of activation foci across other regions such as the supplementary motor area. The association between PFC activation and mental workload follows an inverted-U shaped curve, activation increasing then attenuating past a critical inflection point at which demands outstrip cognitive capacity Neuroimages are sensitive to the impact of laparoscopic and robotic tools on cognitive workload, helping inform the development of training programs which target neural learning curves. FNIRS differs in comparison to current tools to assess proficiency by depicting a cognitive state during surgery, enabling the development of cognitive benchmarks of expertise. Finally, neurostimulation using transcranial direct-current-stimulation may accelerate skill acquisition and enhance technical performance. Conclusion FNIRS can inform the development of surgical training programs which modulate stress responses, cognitive learning curves, and motor skill performance. Improved data processing with machine learning offers the possibility of live feedback regarding surgeons' cognitive states during operative procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary Goble
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
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Kim H, Wright DL, Rhee J, Kim T. C3 in the 10-20 system may not be the best target for the motor hand area. Brain Res 2023; 1807:148311. [PMID: 36889535 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2023.148311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023]
Abstract
The C3 region in the international 10-20 system for electroencephalography (EEG) recording is assumed to represent the right motor hand area. Therefore, in the absence of transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) or a neuronavigational system, neuromodulation methods, such as transcranial direct current stimulation, target C3 or C4, based on the international 10-20 system, to influence the cortical excitability of the right and left hand, respectively. The purpose of this study is to compare the peak-to-peak motor evoked potential (MEP) amplitudes of the right first dorsal interosseus (FDI) muscle after single-pulse TMS at C3 and C1 in the 10-20 system and at the region between C3 and C1 (i.e., C3h in the 10-5 system). Using an intensity of 110% of the resting motor threshold, 15 individual MEPs from each of C3, C3h, C1, and hotspots were randomly recorded from FDI for sixteen right-handed undergraduate students. Average MEPs were greatest at C3h and C1, with both being larger than those recorded at C3. These data are congruent with recent findings using topographic analysis of individual MRIs that revealed poor correspondence between C3/C4 and the respective hand knob. Implications for the use of scalp locations determined using the 10-20 system for localizing the hand area are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hakjoo Kim
- Motor Neuroscience Laboratory, Division of Kinesiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | - David L Wright
- Motor Neuroscience Laboratory, Division of Kinesiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | - Joohyun Rhee
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | - Taewon Kim
- Neuroscience and Rehabilitation Laboratory, Program in Occupational Therapy, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, United States.
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Nemanich ST, Lench DH, Sutter EN, Kowalski JL, Francis SM, Meekins GD, Krach LE, Feyma T, Gillick BT. Safety and feasibility of transcranial direct current stimulation stratified by corticospinal organization in children with hemiparesis. Eur J Paediatr Neurol 2023; 43:27-35. [PMID: 36878110 PMCID: PMC10117060 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpn.2023.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023]
Abstract
Children with hemiparesis (CWH) due to stroke early in life face lifelong impairments in motor function. Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) may be a safe and feasible adjuvant therapy to augment rehabilitation. Given the variability in outcomes following tDCS, tailored protocols of tDCS are required. We evaluated the safety, feasibility, and preliminary effects of a single session of targeted anodal tDCS based on individual corticospinal tract organization on corticospinal excitability. Fourteen CWH (age = 13.8 ± 3.63) were stratified into two corticospinal organization subgroups based on transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS)-confirmed motor evoked potentials (MEP): ipsilesional MEP presence (MEPIL+) or absence (MEPIL-). Subgroups were randomized to real anodal or sham tDCS (1.5 mA, 20 min) applied to the ipsilesional (MEPIL + group) or contralesional (MEPIL- group) hemisphere combined with hand training. Safety was assessed with questionnaires and motor function evaluation, and corticospinal excitability was assessed at baseline and every 15 min for 1 h after tDCS. No serious adverse events occurred and anticipated minor side effects were reported and were self-limiting. Six of 14 participants had consistent ipsilesional MEPs (MEPIL + group). Paretic hand MEP amplitude increased in 5/8 participants who received real anodal tDCS to either the ipsilesional or contralesional hemisphere (+80% change). Application of tDCS based on individual corticospinal organization was safe and feasible with expected effects on excitability, indicating the potential for tailored tDCS protocols for CWH. Additional research involving expanded experimental designs is needed to confirm these effects and to determine if this approach can be translated into a clinically relevant intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel T Nemanich
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Marquette University, 1700 West Wells St., Room 140, Milwaukee, WI, 53201, USA.
| | - Daniel H Lench
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of South Carolina, 208B Rutledge Avenue, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA
| | - Ellen N Sutter
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Minnesota, 420 Delaware St SE, MMC 388, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Jesse L Kowalski
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Harvard Medical School, 79/96 13th Street, Charlestown, MA, United States
| | - Sunday M Francis
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Minnesota, 2312 S. 6th St.Floor 2, Suite F-275, Minneapolis, MN, 55454, USA
| | - Gregg D Meekins
- Department of Neurology, University of Minnesota, 420 Delaware St SE, MMC 295, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Linda E Krach
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Minnesota, 420 Delaware St SE, MMC 388, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA; Rehabilitation Medicine, Gillette Children's Specialty Healthcare, 200 University Ave E, St Paul, MN, 55101, USA
| | - Tim Feyma
- Neurology, Gillette Children's Specialty Healthcare, 200 University Ave E, St Paul, MN, 55101, USA
| | - Bernadette T Gillick
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Minnesota, 420 Delaware St SE, MMC 388, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1500 Highland Avenue, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
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Maldonado T, Jackson TB, Bernard JA. Anodal cerebellar stimulation increases cortical activation: Evidence for cerebellar scaffolding of cortical processing. Hum Brain Mapp 2023; 44:1666-1682. [PMID: 36468490 PMCID: PMC9921230 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.26166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/07/2022] Open
Abstract
While the cerebellum contributes to nonmotor task performance, the specific contributions of the structure remain unknown. One possibility is that the cerebellum allows for the offloading of cortical processing, providing support during task performance, using internal models. Here we used transcranial direct current stimulation to modulate cerebellar function and investigate the impact on cortical activation patterns. Participants (n = 74; 22.03 ± 3.44 years) received either cathodal, anodal, or sham stimulation over the right cerebellum before a functional magnetic resonance imaging scan during which they completed a sequence learning and a working memory task. We predicted that cathodal stimulation would improve, and anodal stimulation would hinder task performance and cortical activation. Behaviorally, anodal stimulation negatively impacted behavior during late-phase sequence learning. Functionally, we found that anodal cerebellar stimulation resulted in increased bilateral cortical activation, particularly in parietal and frontal regions known to be involved in cognitive processing. This suggests that if the cerebellum is not functioning optimally, there is a greater need for cortical resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ted Maldonado
- Department of Psychology, Indiana State University, Terre Haute, Indiana, USA.,Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - Trevor Bryan Jackson
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - Jessica A Bernard
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA.,Texas A&M Institute for Neuroscience, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
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Watanabe A, Sawamura D, Nakazono H, Tokikuni Y, Miura H, Sugawara K, Fuyama K, Tohyama H, Yoshida S, Sakai S. Transcranial direct current stimulation to the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex enhances early dexterity skills with the left non-dominant hand: a randomized controlled trial. J Transl Med 2023; 21:143. [PMID: 36823635 PMCID: PMC9951449 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-03989-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) is involved in early-phase manual dexterity skill acquisition when cognitive control processes, such as integration and complexity demands, are required. However, the effectiveness of left DLPFC transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) on early-phase motor learning and whether its effectiveness depends on the cognitive demand of the target task are unclear. This study aimed to investigate whether tDCS over the left DLPFC improves non-dominant hand dexterity performance and determine if its efficacy depends on the cognitive demand of the target task. METHODS In this randomized, double-blind, sham-controlled trial, 70 healthy, right-handed, young adult participants were recruited. They were randomly allocated to the active tDCS (2 mA for 20 min) or sham groups and repeatedly performed the Purdue Pegboard Test (PPT) left-handed peg task and left-handed assembly task three times: pre-tDCS, during tDCS, and post tDCS. RESULTS The final sample comprised 66 healthy young adults (mean age, 22.73 ± 1.57 years). There were significant interactions between group and time in both PPT tasks, indicating significantly higher performance of those in the active tDCS group than those in the sham group post tDCS (p < 0.001). Moreover, a greater benefit was observed in the left-handed assembly task performance than in the peg task performance (p < 0.001). No significant correlation between baseline performance and benefits from tDCS was observed in either task. CONCLUSIONS These results demonstrated that prefrontal tDCS significantly improved early-phase manual dexterity skill acquisition, and its benefits were greater for the task with high cognitive demands. These findings contribute to a deeper understanding of the underlying neurophysiological mechanisms of the left DLPFC in the modulation of early-phase dexterity skill acquisition. TRIAL REGISTRATION This study was registered in the University Hospital Medical Information Network Clinical Trial Registry in Japan (UMIN000046868), Registered February 8, 2022 https://center6.umin.ac.jp/cgi-open-bin/ctr_e/ctr_view.cgi?recptno=R000053467.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akihiro Watanabe
- grid.39158.360000 0001 2173 7691Graduate School of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-0812 Japan
| | - Daisuke Sawamura
- Department of Rehabilitation Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-0812, Japan.
| | - Hisato Nakazono
- grid.443459.b0000 0004 0374 9105Department of Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Medical Science, Fukuoka International University of Health and Welfare, Fukuoka, 814-0001 Japan
| | - Yukina Tokikuni
- grid.39158.360000 0001 2173 7691Graduate School of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-0812 Japan
| | - Hiroshi Miura
- grid.39158.360000 0001 2173 7691Graduate School of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-0812 Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Sugawara
- grid.263171.00000 0001 0691 0855Department of Physical Therapy, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, 060-8556 Japan
| | - Kanako Fuyama
- grid.412167.70000 0004 0378 6088Data Science Center, Promotion Unit, Institute of Health Science Innovation for Medical Care, Hokkaido University Hospital, Sapporo, 060-8648 Japan
| | - Harukazu Tohyama
- grid.39158.360000 0001 2173 7691Department of Rehabilitation Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0812 Japan
| | - Susumu Yoshida
- grid.412021.40000 0004 1769 5590Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Tobetsu, 061-0293 Japan
| | - Shinya Sakai
- grid.39158.360000 0001 2173 7691Department of Rehabilitation Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0812 Japan
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Advances in applications of head mounted devices (HMDs): Physical techniques for drug delivery and neuromodulation. J Control Release 2023; 354:810-820. [PMID: 36709924 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2023.01.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Head-mounted medical devices (HMDs) are disruptive inventions representing laboratories and clinical institutions worldwide are climbing the apexes of brain science. These complex devices are inextricably linked with a wide range knowledge containing the Physics, Imaging, Biomedical engineering, Biology and Pharmacology, particularly could be specifically designed for individuals, and finally exerting integrated bio-effect. The salient characteristics of them are non-invasive intervening in human brain's physiological structures, and alterating the biological process, such as thermal ablating the tumor, opening the BBB to deliver drugs and neuromodulating to enhance cognitive performance or manipulate prosthetic. The increasing demand and universally accepted of them have set off a dramatic upsurge in HMDs' studies, seminal applications of them span from clinical use to psychiatric disorders and neurological modulation. With subsequent pre-clinical studies and human trials emerging, the mechanisms of transcranial stimulation methods of them were widely studied, and could be basically came down to three notable approach: magnetic, electrical and ultrasonic stimulation. This review provides a comprehensive overviews of their stimulating mechanisms, and recent advances in clinic and military. We described the potential impact of HMDs on brain science, and current challenges to extensively adopt them as promising alternative treating tools.
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Gellner AK, Frase S, Reis J, Fritsch B. Direct current stimulation increases blood flow and permeability of cortical microvasculature in vivo. Eur J Neurol 2023; 30:362-371. [PMID: 36305221 DOI: 10.1111/ene.15616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Revised: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Transcranial direct current stimulation (DCS) structurally and functionally modulates neuronal networks and microglia dynamics. Neurovascular coupling adapts regional cerebral blood flow to neuronal activity and metabolic demands. METHODS In this study, we examined effects of anodal DCS on vessel morphology, blood flow parameters, permeability of cortical microvasculature, and perivascular microglia motility by time-lapse two-photon microscopy in anaesthetized mice. RESULTS Low-intensity DCS significantly increased vessel diameter and blood flow parameters. These effects were transient and dependent on the spontaneous vasomotion characteristics of the individual vessel. Vessel leakage increased significantly after DCS at 1.1 and was more pronounced at 2.2 A/m2 , indicating a dose-dependent increase in vascular permeability. Perivascular microglia exhibited increased soma motility post-DCS at both intensities, potentially triggered by the extravasation of intravascular substrates. CONCLUSIONS Our findings demonstrate that DCS affected only vessels with spontaneous vasomotion. This rapid vascular response may occur as an adaptation of regional blood supply to neuronal excitability altered by DCS or as a direct effect on the vessel wall. In contrast to these immediate effects during stimulation, increases in cortical vessel permeability and perivascular microglia motility appeared after the stimulation had ended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Kathrin Gellner
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Department of Neurology and Neuroscience, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Sibylle Frase
- Department of Neurology and Neuroscience, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Janine Reis
- Department of Neurology and Neuroscience, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Brita Fritsch
- Department of Neurology and Neuroscience, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
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Guimarães AN, Porto AB, Marcori AJ, Lage GM, Altimari LR, Alves Okazaki VH. Motor learning and tDCS: A systematic review on the dependency of the stimulation effect on motor task characteristics or tDCS assembly specifications. Neuropsychologia 2023; 179:108463. [PMID: 36567006 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2022.108463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
TDCS is one of the most commonly used methods among studies with transcranial electrical stimulation and motor skills learning. Differences between study results suggest that the effect of tDCS on motor learning is dependent on the motor task performed or on the tDCS assembly specification used in the learning process. This systematic review aimed to analyze the tDCS effect on motor learning and verify whether this effect is dependent on the task or tDCS assembly specifications. Searches were performed in PubMed, SciELO, LILACS, Web of Science, CINAHL, Scopus, SPORTDiscus, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), Embase, and PsycINFO. Articles were included that analyzed the effect of tDCS on motor learning through pre-practice, post-practice, retention, and/or transfer tests (period ≥24 h). The tDCS was most frequently applied to the primary motor cortex (M1) or the cerebellar cortex (CC) and the majority of studies found significant stimulation effects. Studies that analyzed identical or similar motor tasks show divergent results for the tDCS effect, even when the assembly specifications are the same. The tDCS effect is not dependent on motor task characteristics or tDCS assembly specifications alone but is dependent on the interaction between these factors. This interaction occurs between uni and bimanual tasks with anodal uni and bihemispheric (bilateral) stimulations at M1 or with anodal unihemispheric stimulations (unilateral and centrally) at CC, and between tasks of greater or lesser difficulty with single or multiple tDCS sessions. Movement time seems to be more sensitive than errors to indicate the effects of tDCS on motor learning, and a sufficient amount of motor practice to reach the "learning plateau" also seems to determine the effect of tDCS on motor learning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anderson Nascimento Guimarães
- State University of Londrina, Londrina. Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid - Pr 445, Km 380, Cx. Postal 10.011, CEP 86057-970, Campus Universitário, Londrina, PR, Brazil.
| | - Alessandra Beggiato Porto
- State University of Londrina, Londrina. Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid - Pr 445, Km 380, Cx. Postal 10.011, CEP 86057-970, Campus Universitário, Londrina, PR, Brazil.
| | - Alexandre Jehan Marcori
- University of São Paulo, Av. Professor Mello Moraes 65, CEP 05508-030, Vila Universitaria, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | - Guilherme Menezes Lage
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Presidente Antônio Carlos, 6627, CEP 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
| | - Leandro Ricardo Altimari
- State University of Londrina, Londrina. Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid - Pr 445, Km 380, Cx. Postal 10.011, CEP 86057-970, Campus Universitário, Londrina, PR, Brazil.
| | - Victor Hugo Alves Okazaki
- State University of Londrina, Londrina. Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid - Pr 445, Km 380, Cx. Postal 10.011, CEP 86057-970, Campus Universitário, Londrina, PR, Brazil.
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Ghasemian-Shirvan E, Ungureanu R, Melo L, van Dun K, Kuo MF, Nitsche MA, Meesen RLJ. Optimizing the Effect of tDCS on Motor Sequence Learning in the Elderly. Brain Sci 2023; 13:brainsci13010137. [PMID: 36672118 PMCID: PMC9857096 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci13010137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
One of the most visible effects of aging, even in healthy, normal aging, is a decline in motor performance. The range of strategies applicable to counteract this deterioration has increased. Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), a non-invasive brain stimulation technique that can promote neuroplasticity, has recently gained attention. However, knowledge about optimized tDCS parameters in the elderly is limited. Therefore, in this study, we investigated the effect of different anodal tDCS intensities on motor sequence learning in the elderly. Over the course of four sessions, 25 healthy older adults (over 65 years old) completed the Serial Reaction Time Task (SRTT) while receiving 1, 2, or 3 mA of anodal or sham stimulation over the primary motor cortex (M1). Additionally, 24 h after stimulation, motor memory consolidation was assessed. The results confirmed that motor sequence learning in all tDCS conditions was maintained the following day. While increased anodal stimulation intensity over M1 showed longer lasting excitability enhancement in the elderly in a prior study, the combination of higher intensity stimulation with an implicit motor learning task showed no significant effect. Future research should focus on the reason behind this lack of effect and probe alternative stimulation protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ensiyeh Ghasemian-Shirvan
- Department of Psychology and Neurosciences, Leibniz Research Center for Working Environment and Human Factors, 44139 Dortmund, Germany
- International Graduate School of Neuroscience, Ruhr-University Bochum, 44780 Bochum, Germany
- Neuroplasticity and Movement Control Research Group, REVAL Rehabilitation Research Center, REVAL, Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences, Hasselt University, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Ruxandra Ungureanu
- Department of Psychology and Neurosciences, Leibniz Research Center for Working Environment and Human Factors, 44139 Dortmund, Germany
- Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, Ruhr-University Bochum, 44801 Bochum, Germany
| | - Lorena Melo
- Department of Psychology and Neurosciences, Leibniz Research Center for Working Environment and Human Factors, 44139 Dortmund, Germany
- International Graduate School of Neuroscience, Ruhr-University Bochum, 44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - Kim van Dun
- Neuroplasticity and Movement Control Research Group, REVAL Rehabilitation Research Center, REVAL, Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences, Hasselt University, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Min-Fang Kuo
- Department of Psychology and Neurosciences, Leibniz Research Center for Working Environment and Human Factors, 44139 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Michael A. Nitsche
- Department of Psychology and Neurosciences, Leibniz Research Center for Working Environment and Human Factors, 44139 Dortmund, Germany
- University Clinic of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy and University Clinic of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Protestant Hospital of Bethel Foundation, University Hospital OWL, Bielefeld University, 33617 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Raf L. J. Meesen
- Neuroplasticity and Movement Control Research Group, REVAL Rehabilitation Research Center, REVAL, Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences, Hasselt University, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium
- Movement Control and Neuroplasticity Research Group, Department of Movement Sciences, Group Biomedical Sciences, KU Leuven, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
- Correspondence:
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Johnson BP, Cohen LG. Applied strategies of neuroplasticity. HANDBOOK OF CLINICAL NEUROLOGY 2023; 196:599-609. [PMID: 37620093 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-323-98817-9.00011-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
Various levels of somatotopic organization are present throughout the human nervous system. However, this organization can change when needed based on environmental demands, a phenomenon known as neuroplasticity. Neuroplasticity can occur when learning a new motor skill, adjusting to life after blindness, or following a stroke. Following an injury, these neuroplastic changes can be adaptive or maladaptive, and often occur regardless of whether rehabilitation occurs or not. But not all movements produce neuroplasticity, nor do all rehabilitation interventions. Here, we focus on research regarding how to maximize adaptive neuroplasticity while also minimizing maladaptive plasticity, known as applied neuroplasticity. Emphasis is placed on research exploring how best to apply neuroplastic principles to training environments and rehabilitation protocols. By studying and applying these principles in research and clinical practice, it is hoped that learning of skills and regaining of function and independence can be optimized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian P Johnson
- Human Cortical Physiology and Neurorehabilitation Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Leonardo G Cohen
- Human Cortical Physiology and Neurorehabilitation Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States.
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Sawai S, Murata S, Fujikawa S, Yamamoto R, Shima K, Nakano H. Effects of neurofeedback training combined with transcranial direct current stimulation on motor imagery: A randomized controlled trial. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1148336. [PMID: 36937688 PMCID: PMC10017549 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1148336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Neurofeedback (NFB) training and transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) have been shown to individually improve motor imagery (MI) abilities. However, the effect of combining both of them with MI has not been verified. Therefore, the aim of this study was to examine the effect of applying tDCS directly before MI with NFB. Methods Participants were divided into an NFB group (n = 10) that performed MI with NFB and an NFB + tDCS group (n = 10) that received tDCS for 10 min before MI with NFB. Both groups performed 60 MI trials with NFB. The MI task was performed 20 times without NFB before and after training, and μ-event-related desynchronization (ERD) and vividness MI were evaluated. Results μ-ERD increased significantly in the NFB + tDCS group compared to the NFB group. MI vividness significantly increased before and after training. Discussion Transcranial direct current stimulation and NFB modulate different processes with respect to MI ability improvement; hence, their combination might further improve MI performance. The results of this study indicate that the combination of NFB and tDCS for MI is more effective in improving MI abilities than applying them individually.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shun Sawai
- Graduate School of Health Sciences, Kyoto Tachibana University, Kyoto, Japan
- Department of Rehabilitation, Kyoto Kuno Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Shin Murata
- Graduate School of Health Sciences, Kyoto Tachibana University, Kyoto, Japan
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Kyoto Tachibana University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Shoya Fujikawa
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Kyoto Tachibana University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Yamamoto
- Department of Rehabilitation, Tesseikai Neurosurgical Hospital, Shijonawate, Japan
| | - Keisuke Shima
- Graduate School of Environment and Information Sciences, Yokohama National University, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Hideki Nakano
- Graduate School of Health Sciences, Kyoto Tachibana University, Kyoto, Japan
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Kyoto Tachibana University, Kyoto, Japan
- *Correspondence: Hideki Nakano,
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Hsu G, Shereen AD, Cohen LG, Parra LC. Robust enhancement of motor sequence learning with 4 mA transcranial electric stimulation. Brain Stimul 2023; 16:56-67. [PMID: 36574814 PMCID: PMC10171179 DOI: 10.1016/j.brs.2022.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Motor learning experiments with transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) at 2 mA have produced mixed results. We hypothesize that tDCS boosts motor learning provided sufficiently high field intensity on the motor cortex. METHODS In a single-blinded design, 108 healthy participants received either anodal (N = 36) or cathodal (N = 36) tDCS at 4 mA total, or no stimulation (N = 36) while they practiced a 12-min sequence learning task. Anodal stimulation was delivered across four electrode pairs (1 mA each), with anodes above the right parietal lobe and cathodes above the right frontal lobe. Cathodal stimulation, with reversed polarities, served as an active control for sensation, while the no-stimulation condition established baseline performance. fMRI-localized targets on the primary motor cortex in 10 subjects were used in current flow models to optimize electrode placement for maximal field intensity. A single electrode montage was then selected for all participants. RESULTS We found a significant difference in performance with anodal vs. cathodal stimulation (Cohen's d = 0.71) and vs. no stimulation (d = 0.56). This effect persisted for at least 1 h, and subsequent learning for a new sequence and the opposite hand also improved. Sensation ratings were comparable in the active groups and did not exceed moderate levels. Current flow models suggest the new electrode montage can achieve stronger motor cortex polarization than alternative montages. CONCLUSION The present paradigm shows a medium to large effect size and is well-tolerated. It may serve as a go-to experiment for future studies on motor learning and tDCS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gavin Hsu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The City College of New York, The City University of New York, New York, NY, USA.
| | - A Duke Shereen
- Advanced Science Research Center at the Graduate Center of the City University of New York, USA
| | - Leonardo G Cohen
- Human Cortical Physiology and Neurorehabilitation Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Lucas C Parra
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The City College of New York, The City University of New York, New York, NY, USA
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Metais A, Muller CO, Boublay N, Breuil C, Guillot A, Daligault S, Di Rienzo F, Collet C, Krolak-Salmon P, Saimpont A. Anodal tDCS does not enhance the learning of the sequential finger-tapping task by motor imagery practice in healthy older adults. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:1060791. [PMID: 36570544 PMCID: PMC9780548 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.1060791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Motor imagery practice (MIP) and anodal transcranial direct current stimulation (a-tDCS) are innovative methods with independent positive influence on motor sequence learning (MSL) in older adults. Objective The present study investigated the effect of MIP combined with a-tDCS over the primary motor cortex (M1) on the learning of a finger tapping sequence of the non-dominant hand in healthy older adults. Methods Thirty participants participated in this double-blind sham-controlled study. They performed three MIP sessions, one session per day over three consecutive days and a retention test 1 week after the last training session. During training / MIP, participants had to mentally rehearse an 8-element finger tapping sequence with their left hand, concomitantly to either real (a-tDCS group) or sham stimulation (sham-tDCS group). Before and after MIP, as well as during the retention test, participants had to physically perform the same sequence as fast and accurately as possible. Results Our main results showed that both groups (i) improved their performance during the first two training sessions, reflecting acquisition/on-line performance gains, (ii) stabilized their performance from one training day to another, reflecting off-line consolidation; as well as after 7 days without practice, reflecting retention, (iii) for all stages of MSL, there was no significant difference between the sham-tDCS and a-tDCS groups. Conclusion This study highlights the usefulness of MIP in motor sequence learning for older adults. However, 1.5 mA a-tDCS did not enhance the beneficial effects of MIP, which adds to the inconsistency of results found in tDCS studies. Future work is needed to further explore the best conditions of use of tDCS to improve motor sequence learning with MIP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angèle Metais
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité, LIBM, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Camille O. Muller
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité, LIBM, Villeurbanne, France,EuroMov Digital Health in Motion, Université Montpellier, IMT Mines Alès, Montpellier, France
| | - Nawale Boublay
- Centre de Recherche Clinique Vieillissement Cerveau - Fragilité, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Caroline Breuil
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité, LIBM, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Aymeric Guillot
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité, LIBM, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Sébastien Daligault
- Centre de Recherche Multimodal et Pluridisciplinaire en Imagerie du Vivant (CERMEP), Département de MagnétoEncéphalographie, Bron, France
| | - Franck Di Rienzo
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité, LIBM, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Christian Collet
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité, LIBM, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Pierre Krolak-Salmon
- Centre de Recherche Clinique Vieillissement Cerveau - Fragilité, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Arnaud Saimpont
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité, LIBM, Villeurbanne, France,*Correspondence: Arnaud Saimpont,
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Hodkinson DJ, Jackson SR, Jung J. Task-dependent plasticity in distributed neural circuits after transcranial direct current stimulation of the human motor cortex: A proof-of-concept study. FRONTIERS IN PAIN RESEARCH 2022; 3:1005634. [PMID: 36506269 PMCID: PMC9732378 DOI: 10.3389/fpain.2022.1005634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The ability of non-invasive brain stimulation to induce neuroplasticity and cause long-lasting functional changes is of considerable interest for the reversal of chronic pain and disability. Stimulation of the primary motor cortex (M1) has provided some of the most encouraging after-effects for therapeutic purposes, but little is known about its underlying mechanisms. In this study we combined transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) and fMRI to measure changes in task-specific activity and interregional functional connectivity between M1 and the whole brain. Using a randomized counterbalanced sham-controlled design, we applied anodal and cathodal tDCS stimulation over the left M1. In agreement with previous studies, we demonstrate that tDCS applied to the target region induces task-specific facilitation of local brain activity after anodal tDCS, with the stimulation effects having a negative relationship to the resting motor threshold. Beyond the local effects, tDCS also induced changes in multiple downstream regions distinct from the motor system that may be important for therapeutic efficacy, including the operculo-insular and cingulate cortex. These results offer opportunities to improve outcomes of tDCS for the individual patient based on the degree of presumed neuroplasticity. Further research is still warranted to address the optimal stimulation targets and parameters for those with disease-specific symptoms of chronic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duncan J. Hodkinson
- Division of Clinical Neuroscience, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
- Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR), Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Queens Medical Center, Nottingham, United Kingdom
- Versus Arthritis Pain Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Stephen R. Jackson
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR), Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Queens Medical Center, Nottingham, United Kingdom
- School of Psychology, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - JeYoung Jung
- School of Psychology, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
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Pergher V, Au J, Alizadeh Shalchy M, Santarnecchi E, Seitz A, Jaeggi SM, Battelli L. The benefits of simultaneous tDCS and working memory training on transfer outcomes: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Brain Stimul 2022; 15:1541-1551. [PMID: 36460294 DOI: 10.1016/j.brs.2022.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) has shown potential as an effective aid to facilitate learning. A popular application of this technology has been in combination with working memory training (WMT) in order to enhance transfer effects to other cognitive measures after training. OBJECTIVE This meta-analytic review aims to synthesize the existing literature on tDCS-enhanced WMT to quantify the extent to which tDCS can improve performance on transfer tasks after training. Furthermore, we were interested to evaluate the moderating effects of assessment time point (immediate post-test vs. follow-up) and transfer distance, i.e., the degree of similarity between transfer and training tasks. METHODS Using robust variance estimation, we performed a systematic meta-analysis of all studies to date that compared WMT with tDCS to WMT with sham in healthy adults. All procedures conformed to PRISMA guidelines. RESULTS Across 265 transfer measures in 18 studies, we found a small positive net effect of tDCS on improving overall performance on transfer measures after WMT. These effects were sustained at follow-up, which ranged from 1 week to one year after training, with a median of 1 month. Additionally, although there were no significant differences as a function of transfer distance, effects were most pronounced for non-trained working memory tasks. CONCLUSIONS This review provides evidence that tDCS can be effective in promoting learning over and above WMT alone, and can durably improve performance on trained and untrained measures for weeks to months after the initial training and stimulation period. In particular, boosting performance on dissimilar working memory tasks may present the most promising target for tDCS-augmented WMT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Pergher
- Department of Psychology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA; Laboratory of Neuro and Psychophysiology, KU Leuven University, Belgium.
| | - Jacky Au
- School of Education, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA.
| | | | - Emiliano Santarnecchi
- Precision Neuroscience & Neuromodulation Program, Gordon Center for Medical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Aaron Seitz
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Riverside, CA, USA
| | - Susanne M Jaeggi
- School of Education, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA; Department of Cognitive Sciences, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA.
| | - Lorella Battelli
- Department of Psychology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA; Center for Neuroscience and Cognitive Systems@UniTn, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Rovereto, Italy; Berenson-Allen Center for Noninvasive Brain Stimulation and Department of Neurology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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Brunoni AR, Ekhtiari H, Antal A, Auvichayapat P, Baeken C, Benseñor IM, Bikson M, Boggio P, Borroni B, Brighina F, Brunelin J, Carvalho S, Caumo W, Ciechanski P, Charvet L, Clark VP, Cohen Kadosh R, Cotelli M, Datta A, Deng ZD, De Raedt R, De Ridder D, Fitzgerald PB, Floel A, Frohlich F, George MS, Ghobadi-Azbari P, Goerigk S, Hamilton RH, Jaberzadeh SJ, Hoy K, Kidgell DJ, Zonoozi AK, Kirton A, Laureys S, Lavidor M, Lee K, Leite J, Lisanby SH, Loo C, Martin DM, Miniussi C, Mondino M, Monte-Silva K, Morales-Quezada L, Nitsche MA, Okano AH, Oliveira CS, Onarheim B, Pacheco-Barrios K, Padberg F, Nakamura-Palacios EM, Palm U, Paulus W, Plewnia C, Priori A, Rajji TK, Razza LB, Rehn EM, Ruffini G, Schellhorn K, Zare-Bidoky M, Simis M, Skorupinski P, Suen P, Thibaut A, Valiengo LCL, Vanderhasselt MA, Vanneste S, Venkatasubramanian G, Violante IR, Wexler A, Woods AJ, Fregni F. Digitalized transcranial electrical stimulation: A consensus statement. Clin Neurophysiol 2022; 143:154-165. [PMID: 36115809 PMCID: PMC10031774 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2022.08.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Although relatively costly and non-scalable, non-invasive neuromodulation interventions are treatment alternatives for neuropsychiatric disorders. The recent developments of highly-deployable transcranial electric stimulation (tES) systems, combined with mobile-Health technologies, could be incorporated in digital trials to overcome methodological barriers and increase equity of access. The study aims are to discuss the implementation of tES digital trials by performing a systematic scoping review and strategic process mapping, evaluate methodological aspects of tES digital trial designs, and provide Delphi-based recommendations for implementing digital trials using tES. METHODS We convened 61 highly-productive specialists and contacted 8 tES companies to assess 71 issues related to tES digitalization readiness, and processes, barriers, advantages, and opportunities for implementing tES digital trials. Delphi-based recommendations (>60% agreement) were provided. RESULTS The main strengths/opportunities of tES were: (i) non-pharmacological nature (92% of agreement), safety of these techniques (80%), affordability (88%), and potential scalability (78%). As for weaknesses/threats, we listed insufficient supervision (76%) and unclear regulatory status (69%). Many issues related to methodological biases did not reach consensus. Device appraisal showed moderate digitalization readiness, with high safety and potential for trial implementation, but low connectivity. CONCLUSIONS Panelists recognized the potential of tES for scalability, generalizability, and leverage of digital trials processes; with no consensus about aspects regarding methodological biases. SIGNIFICANCE We further propose and discuss a conceptual framework for exploiting shared aspects between mobile-Health tES technologies with digital trials methodology to drive future efforts for digitizing tES trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andre R Brunoni
- Department and Institute of Psychiatry, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Internal Medicine, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo & Hospital Universitário, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; Laboratory of Neurosciences (LIM-27), Instituto Nacional de Biomarcadores em Neuropsiquiatria (INBioN), Service of Interdisciplinary Neuromodulation (SIN), Department and Institute of Psychiatry, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Hamed Ekhtiari
- Laureate Institute for Brain Research (LIBR), Tulsa, OK, USA
| | - Andrea Antal
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Paradee Auvichayapat
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Chris Baeken
- Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB): Department of Psychiatry University Hospital (UZBrussel), Brussels, Belgium; Department of Head and Skin, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; Ghent Experimental Psychiatry (GHEP) Lab, Ghent, Belgium; Eindhoven University of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, the Netherlands
| | - Isabela M Benseñor
- Center for Clinical and Epidemiological Research, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marom Bikson
- The Department of Biomedical Engineering, The City College of New York, The City University of New York, NY, USA
| | - Paulo Boggio
- Social and Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, Center for Biological Science and Health, Mackenzie Presbyterian University, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Barbara Borroni
- Centre for Neurodegenerative Disorders, Neurology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Italy
| | - Filippo Brighina
- Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostics (Bi.N.D.), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Jerome Brunelin
- Centre Hospitalier le Vinatier, Bron, France; INSERM U1028, CNRS UMR 5292, PSYR2 Team, Centre de recherche en Neurosciences de Lyon (CRNL), Université Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - Sandra Carvalho
- Translational Neuropsychology Lab, Department of Education and Psychology and William James Center for Research (WJCR), University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Wolnei Caumo
- Post-Graduate Program in Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Brazil; Laboratory of Pain and Neuromodulation at Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Porto Alegre, Brazil; Pain and Palliative Care Service at HCPA, Brazil; Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, UFRGS, Brazil
| | - Patrick Ciechanski
- Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, 1-002 Katz Group Centre for Pharmacy and Health Research, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Leigh Charvet
- Department of Neurology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Vincent P Clark
- Psychology Clinical Neuroscience Center, Department of Psychology, The University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Roi Cohen Kadosh
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK
| | - Maria Cotelli
- Neuropsychology Unit, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy
| | - Abhishek Datta
- Research and Development, Soterix Medical Inc., New York, USA
| | - Zhi-De Deng
- Noninvasive Neuromodulation Unit, Experimental Therapeutics & Pathophysiology Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Rudi De Raedt
- Department of Experimental Clinical and Health Psychology, Ghent University, Belgium
| | - Dirk De Ridder
- Section of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgical Sciences, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Paul B Fitzgerald
- Epworth Centre for Innovation in Mental Health, Epworth Healthcare and Monash University Department of Psychiatry, Camberwell, Victoria, Australia
| | - Agnes Floel
- Department of Neurology, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Rostock/Greifswald, Germany
| | - Flavio Frohlich
- Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA; Carolina Center for Neurostimulation, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA; Neuroscience Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA; Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA; Department of Neurology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Mark S George
- Department of Psychiatry, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA; Ralph H. Johnson VA Medical Center, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Peyman Ghobadi-Azbari
- Iranian National Center for Addiction Studies, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Stephan Goerigk
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, LMU Hospital, Munich, Germany; Department of Psychological Methodology and Assessment, LMU, Munich, Germany; Hochschule Fresenius, University of Applied Sciences, Munich, Germany
| | - Roy H Hamilton
- Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Shapour J Jaberzadeh
- Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Kate Hoy
- Epworth Centre for Innovation in Mental Health, Epworth Healthcare and Monash University Department of Psychiatry, Camberwell, Victoria, Australia
| | - Dawson J Kidgell
- Department of Physiotherapy, School of Primary and Allied Health Care, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Science, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Arash Khojasteh Zonoozi
- Iranian National Center for Addiction Studies, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Adam Kirton
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences and Department of Pediatrics, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Steven Laureys
- Coma Science Group, GIGA-Consciousness, GIGA Institute, University of Liège, Liege, Belgium
| | - Michal Lavidor
- Bar Ilan University, Department of Psychology, and the Gonda Brain Research Center, Israel
| | - Kiwon Lee
- Ybrain Corporation, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Jorge Leite
- INPP, Portucalense University, Porto, Portugal
| | - Sarah H Lisanby
- Noninvasive Neuromodulation Unit, Experimental Therapeutics & Pathophysiology Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Colleen Loo
- School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Black Dog Institute, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Donel M Martin
- School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Black Dog Institute, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Carlo Miniussi
- Center for Mind/Brain Sciences - CIMeC, University of Trento, Rovereto, Italy
| | - Marine Mondino
- Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostics (Bi.N.D.), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy; Centre Hospitalier le Vinatier, Bron, France
| | - Katia Monte-Silva
- Applied Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Physical Therapy, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, UFPE, Recife, PE, Brazil; NAPeN Network (Núcleo de Assistência e Pesquisa em Neuromodulação), Brazil
| | - Leon Morales-Quezada
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Michael A Nitsche
- Department of Psychology and Neurosciences, Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors, Dortmund, Germany; Department of Neurology, University Medical Hospital Bergmannsheil, Bochum, Germany
| | - Alexandre H Okano
- NAPeN Network (Núcleo de Assistência e Pesquisa em Neuromodulação), Brazil; Center for Mathematics, Computation, and Cognition, Universidade Federal do ABC, São Bernardo do Campo, Brazil; Brazilian Institute of Neuroscience and Neurotechnology (BRAINN/CEPID-FAPESP), University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Claudia S Oliveira
- Master's and Doctoral Program in Health Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Santa Casa de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; Master's and Doctoral Program in Human Movement and Rehabilitation, Evangelical University of Goiás, Anápolis, Brazil
| | | | - Kevin Pacheco-Barrios
- Neuromodulation Center and Center for Clinical Research Learning, Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital and Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Universidad San Ignacio de Loyola, Vicerrectorado de Investigación, Unidad de Investigación para la Generación y Síntesis de Evidencias en Salud, Lima, Peru
| | - Frank Padberg
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Ester M Nakamura-Palacios
- Laboratory of Cognitive Sciences and Neuropsychopharmacology, Program of Post-Graduation in Physiological Sciences, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Espirito Santo, Vitória, ES, Brazil
| | - Ulrich Palm
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Klinikum der Universität München, Munich, Germany; Medical Park Chiemseeblick, Rasthausstr. 25, 83233 Bernau-Felden, Germany
| | - Walter Paulus
- Department of Neurology. Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Klinikum Großhadern, Marchioninistr, München, Germany
| | - Christian Plewnia
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Tübingen Center for Mental Health (TüCMH), Neurophysiology and Interventional Neuropsychiatry, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Alberto Priori
- Aldo Ravelli Research Center for Neurotechnology and Experimental Neurotherapeutics, Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Tarek K Rajji
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada; Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; Toronto Dementia Research Alliance, Toronto, Canada
| | - Lais B Razza
- Service of Interdisciplinary Neuromodulation (SIN), Department and Institute of Psychiatry, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Mehran Zare-Bidoky
- Iranian National Center for Addiction Studies, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; School of Medicine, Shahid-Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Marcel Simis
- Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine Institute, General Hospital, Medical School of the University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Paulo Suen
- Service of Interdisciplinary Neuromodulation (SIN), Department and Institute of Psychiatry, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Aurore Thibaut
- Coma Science Group, GIGA-Consciousness & Centre du Cerveau, University and University Hospital of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Leandro C L Valiengo
- Laboratory of Neurosciences (LIM-27), Instituto Nacional de Biomarcadores em Neuropsiquiatria (INBioN), Service of Interdisciplinary Neuromodulation (SIN), Department and Institute of Psychiatry, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marie-Anne Vanderhasselt
- Department of Head and Skin, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; Ghent Experimental Psychiatry (GHEP) Lab, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Sven Vanneste
- Lab for Clinical & Integrative Neuroscience, Trinity College of Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland
| | - Ganesan Venkatasubramanian
- Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru, India
| | - Ines R Violante
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK
| | - Anna Wexler
- Department of Medical Ethics and Health Policy, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Adam J Woods
- Center for Cognitive Aging and Memory, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA; Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA; Department of Neuroscience, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Felipe Fregni
- Neuromodulation Center and Center for Clinical Research Learning, Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital and Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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45
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Subramaniam A, Liu S, Lochhead L, Appelbaum LG. A systematic review of transcranial direct current stimulation on eye movements and associated psychological function. Rev Neurosci 2022; 34:349-364. [PMID: 36310385 DOI: 10.1515/revneuro-2022-0082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The last decades have seen a rise in the use of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) approaches to modulate brain activity and associated behavior. Concurrently, eye tracking (ET) technology has improved to allow more precise quantitative measurement of gaze behavior, offering a window into the mechanisms of vision and cognition. When combined, tDCS and ET provide a powerful system to probe brain function and measure the impact on visual function, leading to an increasing number of studies that utilize these techniques together. The current pre-registered, systematic review seeks to describe the literature that integrates these approaches with the goal of changing brain activity with tDCS and measuring associated changes in eye movements with ET. The literature search identified 26 articles that combined ET and tDCS in a probe-and-measure model and are systematically reviewed here. All studies implemented controlled interventional designs to address topics related to oculomotor control, cognitive processing, emotion regulation, or cravings in healthy volunteers and patient populations. Across these studies, active stimulation typically led to changes in the number, duration, and timing of fixations compared to control stimulation. Notably, half the studies addressed emotion regulation, each showing hypothesized effects of tDCS on ET metrics, while tDCS targeting the frontal cortex was widely used and also generally produced expected modulation of ET. This review reveals promising evidence of the impact of tDCS on eye movements and associated psychological function, offering a framework for effective designs with recommendations for future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashwin Subramaniam
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Sicong Liu
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA
- Annenberg School of Communication, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Liam Lochhead
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, CA 92093, USA
| | - Lawrence Gregory Appelbaum
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, CA 92093, USA
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46
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Abrantes AM, Garnaat SL, Stein MD, Uebelacker LA, Williams DM, Carpenter LL, Greenberg BD, Desaulniers J, Audet D. A pilot randomized clinical trial of tDCS for increasing exercise engagement in individuals with elevated depressive symptoms: Rationale, design, and baseline characteristics. Contemp Clin Trials Commun 2022; 29:100972. [PMID: 36092972 PMCID: PMC9449741 DOI: 10.1016/j.conctc.2022.100972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Regular exercise protects against overweight/obesity as well as numerous chronic diseases. Yet, less than half of Americans exercise sufficiently. Elevated levels of depressive symptoms have been identified as an important correlate of physical inactivity as well as poor adherence to exercise programs. Individuals with depression are less sensitive to rewards and demonstrate an attentional bias toward negative stimuli. These, and other features of depression, may place them at increased risk for effectively managing the affective experience of exercise. Lower baseline levels of activation of the left (vs right) frontal cortex, an area implicated in affect regulation, have also been found in depression, potentially pointing to this region as a potential target for intervening on affect regulation during exercise. Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) has shown promise in impacting a variety of cognitive and affective processes in a large number of individuals, including people with depression. Some findings have suggested that tDCS targeting the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), specifically, may improve emotion regulation. Transcranial direct current stimulation could theoretically be a novel and potentially promising approach to improving the affective experience of exercise, thereby increasing exercise adherence among individuals with depressive symptoms. Here we present the rationale, design, and baseline characteristics of a pilot randomized controlled trial of tDCS versus sham delivered 3x/week for 8 weeks in the context of supervised aerobic exercise (AE) program among 51 low-active individuals with elevated depressive symptoms (86.3% female; mean age = 49.5). Follow-up assessments were conducted at end of treatment, and three and six months after enrollment to examine changes in levels of objectively-measured moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA). If effective, this approach could have high public health impact on preventing obesity and chronic diseases among these at-risk individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana M Abrantes
- Butler Hospital, Providence, RI, USA.,Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, USA
| | - Sarah L Garnaat
- Butler Hospital, Providence, RI, USA.,Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, USA
| | | | - Lisa A Uebelacker
- Butler Hospital, Providence, RI, USA.,Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, USA
| | - David M Williams
- Department of Behavioral and Social Sciences, Brown University School of Public Health, USA
| | - Linda L Carpenter
- Butler Hospital, Providence, RI, USA.,Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, USA
| | - Benjamin D Greenberg
- Butler Hospital, Providence, RI, USA.,Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, USA.,VAMC, Providence, RI, USA
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47
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Siew-Pin Leuk J, Yow KE, Zi-Xin Tan C, Hendy AM, Kar-Wing Tan M, Hock-Beng Ng T, Teo WP. A meta-analytical review of transcranial direct current stimulation parameters on upper limb motor learning in healthy older adults and people with Parkinson's disease. Rev Neurosci 2022; 34:325-348. [PMID: 36138560 DOI: 10.1515/revneuro-2022-0073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Current literature lacks consolidated evidence for the impact of stimulation parameters on the effects of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) in enhancing upper limb motor learning. Hence, we aim to synthesise available methodologies and results to guide future research on the usage of tDCS on upper limb motor learning, specifically in older adults and Parkinson's disease (PD). Thirty-two studies (Healthy older adults, N = 526, M = 67.25, SD = 4.30 years; PD, N = 216, M = 66.62, SD = 6.25 years) were included in the meta-analysis. All included studies consisted of active and sham protocols. Random effect meta-analyses were conducted for (i) subjects (healthy older adults and PD); (ii) intensity (1.0, 1.5, 2 mA); (iii) electrode montage (unilateral anodal, bilateral anodal, unilateral cathodal); (iv) stimulation site (cerebellum, frontal, motor, premotor, SMA, somatosensory); (v) protocol (online, offline). Significant tDCS effect on motor learning was reported for both populations, intensity 1.0 and 2.0 mA, unilateral anodal and cathodal stimulation, stimulation site of the motor and premotor cortex, and both online and offline protocols. Regression showed no significant relationship between tDCS effects and density. The efficacy of tDCS is also not affected by the number of sessions. However, studies that reported only single session tDCS found significant negative association between duration with motor learning outcomes. Our findings suggest that different stimulation parameters enhanced upper limb motor learning in older adults and PD. Future research should combine tDCS with neuroimaging techniques to help with optimisation of the stimulation parameters, considering the type of task and population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessie Siew-Pin Leuk
- Physical Education and Sports Science (PESS) Academic Group, National Institute of Education, Nanyang Technological University, 1 Nanyang Walk, Singapore 637616, Singapore
| | - Kai-En Yow
- Physical Education and Sports Science (PESS) Academic Group, National Institute of Education, Nanyang Technological University, 1 Nanyang Walk, Singapore 637616, Singapore
| | - Clenyce Zi-Xin Tan
- Physical Education and Sports Science (PESS) Academic Group, National Institute of Education, Nanyang Technological University, 1 Nanyang Walk, Singapore 637616, Singapore
| | - Ashlee M Hendy
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences (SENS), Deakin University, 221 Burwood Highway, Burwood, VIC 3125, Australia
| | - Mika Kar-Wing Tan
- Physical Education and Sports Science (PESS) Academic Group, National Institute of Education, Nanyang Technological University, 1 Nanyang Walk, Singapore 637616, Singapore
| | - Tommy Hock-Beng Ng
- Physical Education and Sports Science (PESS) Academic Group, National Institute of Education, Nanyang Technological University, 1 Nanyang Walk, Singapore 637616, Singapore
| | - Wei-Peng Teo
- Physical Education and Sports Science (PESS) Academic Group, National Institute of Education, Nanyang Technological University, 1 Nanyang Walk, Singapore 637616, Singapore
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48
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Kaminski E, Maudrich T, Bassler P, Ordnung M, Villringer A, Ragert P. tDCS over the primary motor cortex contralateral to the trained hand enhances cross-limb transfer in older adults. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:935781. [PMID: 36204550 PMCID: PMC9530461 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.935781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Transferring a unimanual motor skill to the untrained hand, a phenomenon known as cross-limb transfer, was shown to deteriorate as a function of age. While transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) ipsilateral to the trained hand facilitated cross-limb transfer in older adults, little is known about the contribution of the contralateral hemisphere to cross-limb transfer. In the present study, we investigated whether tDCS facilitates cross-limb transfer in older adults when applied over the motor cortex (M1) contralateral to the trained hand. Furthermore, the study aimed at investigating short-term recovery of tDCS-associated cross-limb transfer. In a randomized, double-blinded, sham-controlled setting, 30 older adults (67.0 ± 4.6 years, 15 female) performed a short grooved-pegboard training using their left hand, while anodal (a-tDCS) or sham-tDCS (s-tDCS) was applied over right M1 for 20 min. Left (LHtrained) - and right-hand (RHuntrained) performance was tested before and after training and in three recovery measures 15, 30 and 45 min after training. LHtrained performance improved during both a-tDCS and s-tDCS and improvements persisted during recovery measures for at least 45 min. RHuntrained performance improved only following a-tDCS but not after s-tDCS and outlasted the stimulation period for at least 45 min. Together, these data indicate that tDCS over the M1 contralateral to the trained limb is capable of enhancing cross-limb transfer in older adults, thus showing that cross-limb transfer is mediated not only by increased bi-hemispheric activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeth Kaminski
- Department of Movement Neuroscience, Faculty of Sport Science, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
- *Correspondence: Elisabeth Kaminski,
| | - Tom Maudrich
- Department of Movement Neuroscience, Faculty of Sport Science, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Pauline Bassler
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Madeleine Ordnung
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
- Pediatric Epidemiology, Department of Pediatrics, Medical Faculty, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Arno Villringer
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
- Berlin School of Mind and Brain, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Patrick Ragert
- Department of Movement Neuroscience, Faculty of Sport Science, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
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49
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Zhang Y, Li C, Chen D, Tian R, Yan X, Zhou Y, Song Y, Yang Y, Wang X, Zhou B, Gao Y, Jiang Y, Zhang X. Repeated High-Definition Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation Modulated Temporal Variability of Brain Regions in Core Neurocognitive Networks Over the Left Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex in Mild Cognitive Impairment Patients. J Alzheimers Dis 2022; 90:655-666. [DOI: 10.3233/jad-220539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Background: Early intervention of amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) may be the most promising way for delaying or even preventing the progression to Alzheimer’s disease. Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a noninvasive brain stimulation technique that has been recognized as a promising approach for the treatment of aMCI. Objective: In this paper, we aimed to investigate the modulating mechanism of tDCS on the core neurocognitive networks of brain. Methods: We used repeated anodal high-definition transcranial direct current stimulation (HD-tDCS) over the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and assessed the effect on cognition and dynamic functional brain network in aMCI patients. We used a novel method called temporal variability to depict the characteristics of the dynamic brain functional networks. Results: We found that true anodal stimulation significantly improved cognitive performance as measured by the Montreal Cognitive Assessment after simulation. Meanwhile, the Mini-Mental State Examination scores showed a clear upward trend. More importantly, we found significantly altered temporal variability of dynamic functional connectivity of regions belonging to the default mode network, central executive network, and the salience network after true anodal stimulation, indicating anodal HD-tDCS may enhance brain function by modulating the temporal variability of the brain regions. Conclusion: These results imply that ten days of anodal repeated HD-tDCS over the LDLPFC exerts beneficial effects on the temporal variability of the functional architecture of the brain, which may be a potential neural mechanism by which HD-tDCS enhances brain functions. Repeated HD-tDCS may have clinical uses for the intervention of brain function decline in aMCI patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanchun Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Second Medical Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disease, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- Department of Rehabilitation, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhoug, Hebei Province, China
| | - Chenxi Li
- Department of the Psychology of Military Medicine, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, P.R. China
| | - Deqiang Chen
- Department of CT, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhoug, Hebei Province, China
| | - Rui Tian
- Department of Rehabilitation, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhoug, Hebei Province, China
| | - Xinyue Yan
- Department of Rehabilitation, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhoug, Hebei Province, China
| | - Yingwen Zhou
- Department of MR, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhoug, Hebei Province, China
| | - Yancheng Song
- Department of MR, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhoug, Hebei Province, China
| | - Yanlong Yang
- Department of MR, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhoug, Hebei Province, China
| | - Xiaoxuan Wang
- Department of MR, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhoug, Hebei Province, China
| | - Bo Zhou
- Department of Neurology, Second Medical Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disease, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yuhong Gao
- Institute of Geriatrics, Second Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yujuan Jiang
- Department of Rehabilitation, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhoug, Hebei Province, China
| | - Xi Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Second Medical Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disease, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
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50
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Matthews D, Cancino EE, Falla D, Khatibi A. Exploring pain interference with motor skill learning in humans: A systematic review. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0274403. [PMID: 36099284 PMCID: PMC9470002 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0274403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Motor learning underpins successful motor skill acquisition. Although it is well known that pain changes the way we move, it’s impact on motor learning is less clear. The aim of this systematic review was to synthesize evidence on the impact of experimental and clinical pain on task performance and activity-dependent plasticity measures across learning and explore these findings in relation to different pain and motor learning paradigms. Five databases were searched: Web of Science, Scopus, MEDLINE, Embase and CINAHL. Two reviewers independently screened the studies, extracted data, and assessed risk of bias using the Cochrane ROB2 and ROBIN-I. The overall strength of evidence was rated using the GRADE guidelines. Due to the heterogeneity of study methodologies a narrative synthesis was employed. Twenty studies were included in the review: fifteen experimental pain and five clinical pain studies, covering multiple motor paradigms. GRADE scores for all outcome measures suggested limited confidence in the reported effect for experimental pain and clinical pain, on motor learning. There was no impact of pain on any of the task performance measures following acquisition except for ‘accuracy’ during a tongue protrusion visuomotor task and ‘timing of errors’ during a motor adaptation locomotion task. Task performance measures at retention, and activity dependent measures at both acquisition and retention showed conflicting results. This review delivers a detailed synthesis of research studies exploring the impact of pain on motor learning. This is despite the challenges provided by the heterogeneity of motor learning paradigms, outcome measures and pain paradigms employed in these studies. The results highlight important questions for further research with the goal of strengthening the confidence of findings in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Matthews
- Centre of Precision Rehabilitation for Spinal Pain (CPR Spine), School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
| | - Edith Elgueta Cancino
- Centre of Precision Rehabilitation for Spinal Pain (CPR Spine), School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Deborah Falla
- Centre of Precision Rehabilitation for Spinal Pain (CPR Spine), School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Ali Khatibi
- Centre of Precision Rehabilitation for Spinal Pain (CPR Spine), School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
- Centre for Human Brain Health, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
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