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Irwin JL, Davis EP, Sandman CA, Baram TZ, Stern HS, Glynn LM. Infant hedonic/anhedonic processing index (HAPI-Infant): Assessing infant anhedonia and its prospective association with adolescent depressive symptoms. J Affect Disord 2024; 352:281-287. [PMID: 38307131 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.01.225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/04/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anhedonia, an impairment in the motivation for or experience of pleasure, is a well-established transdiagnostic harbinger and core symptom of mental illness. Given increasing recognition of early life origins of mental illness, we posit that anhedonia should, and could, be recognized earlier if appropriate tools were available. However, reliable diagnostic instruments prior to childhood do not currently exist. METHODS We developed an assessment instrument for anhedonia/reward processing in infancy, the Infant Hedonic/Anhedonic Processing Index (HAPI-Infant). Exploratory factor and psychometric analyses were conducted using data from 6- and 12-month-old infants from two cohorts (N = 188, N = 212). Then, associations were assessed between infant anhedonia and adolescent self-report of depressive symptoms. RESULTS The HAPI-Infant (47-items), exhibited excellent psychometric properties. Higher anhedonia scores at 6 (r = 0.23, p < .01) and 12 months (r = 0.19, p < .05) predicted elevated adolescent depressive symptoms, and these associations were stronger than for established infant risk indicators such as negative affectivity. Subsequent analyses supported the validity of short (27-item) and very short (12-item) versions of this measure. LIMITATIONS The primary limitations of this study are that the HAPI-Infant awaits additional tests of generalizability and of its ability to predict clinical diagnosis of depression. CONCLUSIONS The HAPI-Infant is a novel, psychometrically strong diagnostic tool suitable for recognizing anhedonia during the first year of life with strong predictive value for later depressive symptoms. In view of the emerging recognition of increasing prevalence of affective disorders in children and adolescents, the importance of the HAPI-Infant in diagnosing anhedonia is encouraging. Early recognition of anhedonia could target high-risk individuals for intervention and perhaps prevention of mental health disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica L Irwin
- Department of Psychology, Chapman University, Orange, CA, United States of America
| | - Elysia Poggi Davis
- Department of Psychology, University of Denver, Denver, CO, United States of America; Department of Pediatrics, University of California, Irvine, CA, United States of America
| | - Curt A Sandman
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of California, Irvine, CA, United States of America
| | - Tallie Z Baram
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, Irvine, CA, United States of America; Department of Anatomy/Neurobiology, University of California, Irvine, CA, United States of America; Department of Neurology, University of California, Irvine, CA, United States of America
| | - Hal S Stern
- Department of Statistics, University of California, Irvine, CA, United States of America
| | - Laura M Glynn
- Department of Psychology, Chapman University, Orange, CA, United States of America.
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Tone EB, Henrich CC. Principles, policies, and practices: Thoughts on their integration over the rise of the developmental psychopathology perspective and into the future. Dev Psychopathol 2024:1-9. [PMID: 38415398 DOI: 10.1017/s0954579424000257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
Developmental psychopathology has, since the late 20th century, offered an influential integrative framework for conceptualizing psychological health, distress, and dysfunction across the lifespan. Leaders in the field have periodically generated predictions about its future and have proposed ways to increase the macroparadigm's impact. In this paper, we examine, using articles sampled from each decade of the journal Development and Psychopathology's existence as a rough guide, the degree to which the themes that earlier predictions have emphasized have come to fruition and the ways in which the field might further capitalize on the strengths of this approach to advance knowledge and practice in psychology. We focus in particular on two key themes first, we explore the degree to which researchers have capitalized on the framework's capacity for principled flexibility to generate novel work that integrates neurobiological and/or social-contextual factors measured at multiple levels and offer ideas for moving this kind of work forward. Second, we discuss how extensively articles have emphasized implications for intervention or prevention and how the field might amplify the voice of developmental psychopathology in applied settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin B Tone
- Department of Psychology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA
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Lautenbach F. Effects of positive affect and positive emotions on executive functions: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Cogn Emot 2024; 38:1-22. [PMID: 37943253 DOI: 10.1080/02699931.2023.2279173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
Positive emotions (PEs) impact cognitive processes, including executive functions (EFs; i.e. inhibition, working memory, cognitive flexibility). However, previous reviews and meta-analyses report contradicting results. Thus, this review takes a novel approach to overcome conflicting findings by clearly conceptualising PE induction and by providing a detailed description of the tasks used to assess EFs, as well as by exclusively focusing on EFs. A systematic literature review and meta-analysis was performed. Study inclusion criteria required that subjects were healthy individuals over 18 years, PEs were induced in a controlled laboratory setting, a baseline measurement and a control condition was required, and finally, EFs were measured as a dependent variable using valid measurement instruments. The literature search was performed on PRIMUS, including relevant databases such as ERIC, MEDLINE, Psych ARTICLES, Psych INFO or SocINDEX. From a total of 6,661 identified articles, only 13, which featured 20 experimental studies, were included. Results show that the overall induction of PEs successfully caused an increase in valence and/or positive emotions. However, no significant effects of PE on EFs were detected (d = -0.051, p = .405). Reasons and future research will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franziska Lautenbach
- Institute of Sport Science, Sport Psychology, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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Simmons JM, Breeden A, Ferrer RA, Gillman AS, Moore H, Green P, Pariyadath V, Quinlan EB, Vicentic A. Affective Science Research: Perspectives and Priorities from the National Institutes of Health. AFFECTIVE SCIENCE 2023; 4:600-607. [PMID: 37744987 PMCID: PMC10513969 DOI: 10.1007/s42761-023-00218-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
Affective science is a broad and burgeoning field, and the National Institutes of Health (NIH) support research on a similarly broad range of topics. Across NIH, funding is available for basic, translational, and intervention research, including research in non-human animals, healthy populations, and those with or at risk for disease. Multiple NIH Institutes and Centers have specific programs devoted to topics within the affective science umbrella. Here, we introduce the funding priorities of these six: the National Cancer Institute (NCI), National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health (NCCIH), National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH), National Institute on Aging (NIA), National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA), and National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities (NIMHD). We then discuss overlapping themes and offer a perspective on promising research directions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Arielle S. Gillman
- National Institute On Minority Health and Health Disparities, Bethesda, MD USA
| | - Holly Moore
- National Institute On Drug Abuse, Bethesda, MD USA
| | | | | | - Erin B. Quinlan
- National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health, Bethesda, MD USA
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Chin AA, Sweet AM, Taylor CT. Beyond Positive Affect: Discrete Positive Emotions Differentiate Major Depression from Social Anxiety Disorder. COGNITIVE THERAPY AND RESEARCH 2023; 47:377-385. [PMID: 37179573 PMCID: PMC10164670 DOI: 10.1007/s10608-023-10355-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2022] [Revised: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Abstract
Background Social anxiety disorder (SAD) and major depressive disorder (MDD) are both associated with diminished global positive affect. However, little is known about which specific positive emotions are affected, and which positive emotions differentiate MDD from SAD. Methods Four groups of adults recruited from the community were examined (N = 272): control group (no psychiatric history; n = 76), SAD without MDD group (n = 76), MDD without SAD group (n = 46), and comorbid group (diagnoses of both SAD and MDD; n = 74). Discrete positive emotions were measured with the Modified Differential Emotions Scale, which asked about the frequency of 10 different positive emotions experienced during the past week. Results The control group had higher scores on all positive emotions compared to all three clinical groups. The SAD group had higher scores on awe, inspiration, interest, and joy compared to the MDD group, and higher scores on those emotions, as well as amusement, hope, love, pride, and contentment, than the comorbid group. MDD and comorbid groups did not differ on any positive emotions. Gratitude did not differ significantly between clinical groups. Conclusion Adopting a discrete positive emotion approach revealed shared and distinct features across SAD, MDD, and their comorbidity. We consider possible mechanisms underlying transdiagnostic vs. disorder-specific emotion deficits. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10608-023-10355-y.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela A. Chin
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92037 San Diego, USA
| | - Alison M. Sweet
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92037 San Diego, USA
| | - Charles T. Taylor
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92037 San Diego, USA
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Breaux R, Lewis J, Cash AR, Shroff DM, Burkhouse KL, Kujawa A. Parent Emotion Socialization and Positive Emotions in Child and Adolescent Clinical Samples: A Systematic Review and Call to Action. Clin Child Fam Psychol Rev 2022; 25:204-221. [PMID: 35201539 DOI: 10.1007/s10567-022-00388-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
The majority of the emotion socialization behaviors (ESB) literature has focused on community samples and socialization of negative emotions. However, it is becoming increasingly apparent that ESB are also critical in setting the foundations for the healthy development of positive emotions, with implications for developmental psychopathology. We conducted a systematic review of research examining parent ESB and youth positive emotions in clinical child and adolescent samples. A literature search was conducted in March 2021, resulting in 563 abstracts being reviewed. Two reviewers independently screened the titles and abstracts to identify relevant papers, with 53 articles being reviewed in full. Seven articles (four cross-sectional and correlational, three intervention) were included in the current review, of which one was with an internalizing sample, three were with an externalizing sample, and three were with a neurodevelopmental disorder sample. Results varied regarding the role of parent ESB in youth positive emotions across clinical populations. In correlational studies, minimal evidence was found for the association between parent ESB and youth positive emotions, but across the three intervention studies, there was evidence that both parent ESB and children's positive emotions can be improved through intervention. We present a preliminary model of relations between youth psychopathology, parent ESB, and child positive emotions, with consideration of potential moderators of links between ESB and positive emotions. Finally, we discuss limitations of the existing body of research, and offer specific recommendations for future research directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosanna Breaux
- Department of Psychology, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 460 Turner St. NW, Suite 207, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA.
| | - Jasmine Lewis
- Department of Psychology, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 460 Turner St. NW, Suite 207, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA
| | - Annah R Cash
- Department of Psychology, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 460 Turner St. NW, Suite 207, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA
| | - Delshad M Shroff
- Department of Psychology, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 460 Turner St. NW, Suite 207, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA
| | - Katie L Burkhouse
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Autumn Kujawa
- Department of Psychology and Human Development, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
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Preece DA, Becerra R, Sauer-Zavala S, Boyes M, McEvoy P, Villanueva C, Ibonie S, Gruber J, Hasking P, Gross JJ. Assessing Emotion Regulation Ability for Negative and Positive Emotions: Psychometrics of the Perth Emotion Regulation Competency Inventory in United States Adults. J Affect Disord 2021; 294:558-567. [PMID: 34330052 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2021.07.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2021] [Revised: 07/10/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
People regulate both negative and positive emotions, and their ability to do this successfully is a cornerstone of adaptive psychological functioning. However, few measures have been available to assess emotion regulation ability across both valence domains. The Perth Emotion Regulation Competency Inventory (PERCI) was recently developed for this purpose. Here we present the first psychometric study of the PERCI in the United States (N = 508). Confirmatory factor analyses supported the intended eight-factor structure, which was invariant across age, gender, and education. PERCI scores had high internal consistency, and were associated with measures of psychopathology, emotional reactivity, and emotion regulation strategies in expected ways. These observed relationships between the PERCI and various regulation strategies may serve to establish a profile of what strategy patterns characterize differences in emotion regulation ability. Overall, the PERCI had strong psychometrics. Its capacity to assess both valence domains should enable more comprehensive assessments of emotion regulation ability.
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Affiliation(s)
- David A Preece
- Curtin University, School of Psychology, Perth, WA, Australia; University of Western Australia, School of Psychological Science, Perth, WA, Australia.
| | - Rodrigo Becerra
- University of Western Australia, School of Psychological Science, Perth, WA, Australia
| | | | - Mark Boyes
- Curtin University, School of Psychology, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Peter McEvoy
- Curtin University, School of Psychology, Perth, WA, Australia; Centre for Clinical Interventions, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Cynthia Villanueva
- University of Colorado at Boulder, Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Boulder, CO, United States
| | - Stevi Ibonie
- University of Colorado at Boulder, Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Boulder, CO, United States
| | - June Gruber
- University of Colorado at Boulder, Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Boulder, CO, United States
| | | | - James J Gross
- Stanford University, Department of Psychology, Stanford, CA, United States
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van Steenbergen H, Sauter D, Saunders B, Pourtois G. Editorial overview: Positive affect: taxonomies, mechanisms and applications. Curr Opin Behav Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cobeha.2021.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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