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Lobato-Guarnido I, Luzón G, Ríos F, Fernández-Serrano M. Synthesis and Characterization of Environmentally Friendly Chitosan-Arabic Gum Nanoparticles for Encapsulation of Oregano Essential Oil in Pickering Emulsion. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:2651. [PMID: 37836292 PMCID: PMC10574744 DOI: 10.3390/nano13192651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
The encapsulation of bioactive agents through the utilization of biodegradable nanoparticles is a topic of considerable scientific interest. In this study, microcapsules composed of chitosan (CS) and Arabic gum (GA) nanoparticles were synthesized, encapsulating oregano essential oil (OEO) through Pickering emulsions and subsequent spray drying. The optimization of hybrid chitosan and Arabic gum (CS-GA) nanoparticle formation was carried out via complex coacervation, followed by an assessment of their behavior during the formation of the emulsion. Measurements of the size, contact angle, and interfacial tension of the formed complexes were conducted to facilitate the development of Pickering emulsions for encapsulating the oil under the most favorable conditions. The chitosan-Arabic gum capsules were physically characterized using scanning electron microscopy and fitted to the Beerkan estimation of soil transfer (BEST) model to determine their size distribution. Finally, the OEO encapsulation efficiency was also determined. The optimum scenario was achieved with the CS-GA 1-2 capsules at a concentration of 2% wt, featuring a contact angle of 89.1 degrees, which is ideal for the formation of oil/water (O/W) emulsions. Capsules of approximately 2.5 μm were obtained, accompanied by an encapsulation efficiency of approximately 60%. In addition, the hybrid nanoparticles that were obtained showed high biodegradability. The data within our study will contribute fundamental insights into CS-GA nanoparticles, and the quantitatively analyzed outcomes presented in this study will hold utility for forthcoming applications in environmentally friendly detergent formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ismael Lobato-Guarnido
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (F.R.); (M.F.-S.)
| | - Germán Luzón
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (F.R.); (M.F.-S.)
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2
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Sajid A, Castronovo M, Goycoolea FM. On the Fractionation and Physicochemical Characterisation of Self-Assembled Chitosan-DNA Polyelectrolyte Complexes. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15092115. [PMID: 37177260 PMCID: PMC10180698 DOI: 10.3390/polym15092115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Chitosan is extensively studied as a carrier for gene delivery and is an attractive non-viral gene vector owing to its polycationic, biodegradable, and biocompatible nature. Thus, it is essential to understand the chemistry of self-assembled chitosan-DNA complexation and their structural and functional properties, enabling the formation of an effective non-viral gene delivery system. In this study, two parent chitosans (samples NAS-032 and NAS-075; Mw range ~118-164 kDa) and their depolymerised derivatives (deploy nas-032 and deploy nas-075; Mw range 6-14 kDa) with degrees of acetylation 43.4 and 4.7%, respectively, were used to form polyelectrolyte complexes (PECs) with DNA at varying [-NH3+]/[-PO4-] (N/P) molar charge ratios. We investigated the formation of the PECs using ζ-potential, asymmetric flow field-flow fractionation (AF4) coupled with multiangle light scattering (MALS), refractive index (RI), ultraviolet (UV) and dynamic light scattering (DLS) detectors, and TEM imaging. PEC formation was confirmed by ζ-potential measurements that shifted from negative to positive values at N/P ratio ~2. The radius of gyration (Rg) was determined for the eluting fractions by AF4-MALS-RI-UV, while the corresponding hydrodynamic radius (Rh), by the DLS data. We studied the influence of different cross-flow rates on AF4 elution patterns for PECs obtained at N/P ratios 5, 10, and 20. The determined rho shape factor (ρ = Rg/Rh) values for the various PECs corresponded with a sphere morphology (ρ ~0.77-0.85), which was consistent with TEM images. The results of this study represent a further step towards the characterisation of chitosan-DNA PECs by the use of multi-detection AF4 as an important tool to fractionate and infer aspects of their morphology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayesha Sajid
- School of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Matteo Castronovo
- School of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
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3
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Liu L, Yang Z, Liu C, Wang M, Chen Y. Effect of molecular weight of polysaccharide on efficient plasmid
DNA
delivery by
polyethylenimine‐polysaccharide‐Fe
(
III
) complexes. J Appl Polym Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/app.53047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Liang Liu
- School of Life Science and Technology Wuhan Polytechnic University Wuhan China
| | - Zhaojun Yang
- School of Life Science and Technology Wuhan Polytechnic University Wuhan China
| | - Chaobing Liu
- School of Life Science and Technology Wuhan Polytechnic University Wuhan China
| | - Mengying Wang
- School of Life Science and Technology Wuhan Polytechnic University Wuhan China
| | - Yiran Chen
- School of Life Science and Technology Wuhan Polytechnic University Wuhan China
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4
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Chronopoulou L, Falasca F, Di Fonzo F, Turriziani O, Palocci C. siRNA Transfection Mediated by Chitosan Microparticles for the Treatment of HIV-1 Infection of Human Cell Lines. MATERIALS 2022; 15:ma15155340. [PMID: 35955275 PMCID: PMC9369812 DOI: 10.3390/ma15155340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Revised: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Gene delivery is the basis for developing gene therapies that, in the future, may be able to cure virtually any disease, including viral infections. The use of short interfering RNAs (siRNAs) targeting viral replication is a novel strategy for treating HIV-1 infection. In this study, we prepared chitosan particles containing siRNA tat/rev via ionotropic gelation. Chitosan-based particles were efficiently internalized by cells, as evidenced by fluorescence microscopy. The antiviral effect of chitosan-based particles was studied on the C8166 cell line infected with HIV-1 and compared with the use of commercial liposomes (ESCORT). A significant reduction in HIV replication was also observed in cells treated with empty chitosan particles, suggesting that chitosan may interfere with the early steps of the HIV life cycle and have a synergic effect with siRNA to reduce viral replication significantly.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Francesca Falasca
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University, 00185 Rome, Italy; (F.F.); (O.T.)
| | - Federica Di Fonzo
- Department of Biochemical Sciences “Rossi Fanelli”, Sapienza University, 00185 Rome, Italy;
| | - Ombretta Turriziani
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University, 00185 Rome, Italy; (F.F.); (O.T.)
| | - Cleofe Palocci
- Department of Chemistry, Sapienza University, 00185 Rome, Italy;
- CIABC-Centro di Ricerca per le Scienze Applicate alla Protezione dell’Ambiente e dei Beni Culturali, Sapienza University, 00185 Rome, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0649913317
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5
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Shamaeizadeh N, Varshosaz J, Mirian M, Aliomrani M. Glutathione targeted tragacanthic acid-chitosan as a non-viral vector for brain delivery of miRNA-219a-5P: An in vitro/in vivo study. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 200:543-556. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.01.100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Revised: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Karimi Jabali M, Allafchian AR, Jalali SAH, Shakeripour H, Mohammadinezhad R, Rahmani F. Design of a pDNA nanocarrier with ascorbic acid modified chitosan coated on superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles for gene delivery. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2021.127743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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7
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Sun MJ, Teng Z, Fan PS, Chen XG, Liu Y. Bridging micro/nano-platform and airway allergy intervention. J Control Release 2021; 341:364-382. [PMID: 34856226 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2021.11.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Revised: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Allergic airway diseases, with incidence augmenting visibly as industrial development and environmental degradation, are characterized by sneezing, itching, wheezing, chest tightness, airway obstruction, and hyperresponsiveness. Current medical modalities attempt to combat these symptoms mostly by small molecule chemotherapeutants, such as corticosteroids, antihistamines, etc., via intranasal approach which is one of the most noninvasive, rapid-absorbed, and patient-friendly routes. Nevertheless, inherent defects for irritation to respiratory mucosa, drug inactivation and degradation, and rapid drug dispersal to off-target sites are inevitable. Lately, intratracheal micro/nano therapeutic systems are emerging as innovative alternatives for airway allergy interventions. This overview introduces several potential application directions of mic/nano-platform in the treatment of airway allergic diseases, including carriers, therapeutic agents, and immunomodulators. The improvement of the existing drug therapy of respiratory allergy management by micro/nano-platform is described in detail. The challenges of the micro/nano-platform nasal approach in the treatment of airway allergy are summarized and the development of micro/nano-platform is also prospected. Although still a burgeoning area, micro/nano therapeutic systems are gradually turning to be realistic orientations as crucial future alternative therapeutic options in allergic airway inflammation interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Jie Sun
- College of Marine Life Science, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, PR China
| | - Zhuang Teng
- College of Marine Life Science, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, PR China
| | - Peng-Sheng Fan
- College of Marine Life Science, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, PR China
| | - Xi-Guang Chen
- College of Marine Life Science, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, PR China; Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266000, PR China
| | - Ya Liu
- College of Marine Life Science, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, PR China.
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8
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Achieving highly efficient gene transfer to the bladder by increasing the molecular weight of polymer-based nanoparticles. J Control Release 2021; 332:210-224. [PMID: 33607176 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2021.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Revised: 01/31/2021] [Accepted: 02/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Short dwell-time and poor penetration of the bladder permeability barrier (BPB) are the main obstacles to intravesical treatments for bladder diseases, and is evidenced by the lack of such therapeutic options on the market. Herein, we demonstrate that by finely tuning the molecular weight of our cationic polymer mucoadhesive nanoparticles, we enhanced our gene transfer, leading to improved adherence and penetrance through the BPB in a safe and efficient manner. Specifically, increasing the polymer molecular weight from 45 kDa to 83 kDa enhanced luciferase plasmid transfer to the healthy murine bladder, leading to 1.35 ng/g luciferase protein expression in the urothelium and lamina propria regions. The relatively higher molecular weight polymer (83 kDa) did not induce morphologic changes or inflammatory responses in the bladder. This approach of altering polymer molecular weight for prolonging gene transfer residence time and deeper penetration through the BPB could be the basis for the design of future gene therapies for bladder diseases.
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9
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Morikawa K, Masubuchi Y, Shchipunov Y, Zinchenko A. DNA-Chitosan Hydrogels: Formation, Properties, and Functionalization with Catalytic Nanoparticles. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2021; 4:1823-1832. [DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.0c01533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kohki Morikawa
- Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
| | - Yuichi Masubuchi
- Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
| | - Yury Shchipunov
- Institute of Chemistry, Far-East Department of Russian Academy of Sciences, Far-Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok 690922, Russia
| | - Anatoly Zinchenko
- Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
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10
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Peng J, Xiao Y, Wan X, Chen Q, Wang H, Li J, Chen J, Gao R. Enhancement of Immune Response and Anti-Infection of Mice by Porcine Antimicrobial Peptides and Interleukin-4/6 Fusion Gene Encapsulated in Chitosan Nanoparticles. Vaccines (Basel) 2020; 8:vaccines8030552. [PMID: 32967351 PMCID: PMC7563165 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines8030552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Revised: 09/12/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
In order to develop a novel and effective immunoregulator to enhance both the immune response and antimicrobial function, a recombinant eukaryotic expression plasmid-pVAX1 co-expressing fusion cathelicidin antimicrobial peptides (CAMPs) and fusion porcine interleukin-4/6 gene (IL-4/6) was constructed and encapsulated in chitosan nanoparticles (CS-VAP4/6), prepared by the ionotropic gelation method. Four-week-old female Kunming mice were divided into three groups and intramuscularly injected, respectively, with CS-VAP, CS-VAP4/6, and CS-pVAX1. On 28 days post-inoculation, the mice were challenged by intraperitoneal injection with Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 25923) and Escherichia coli (ATCC 25922); IgG, IgG1 and IgG2a, CD4+, and CD8+ T cells increased significantly in the VAP- and VAP4/6- treated mice, detected by ELISA and flow cytometry, correspondingly (p < 0.05). As analyzed by qPCR, expression levels of Toll-like receptor (TLR) 1, TLR4, TLR6, TLR9, IL-1, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-7, IL-12, IL-15, IL-23, Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF)-α, and Interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) genes were also significantly up-regulated in comparison with those of the control mice (p < 0.05). Their immunological markers were elevated significantly to different degrees in CS-VAP4/6-treated mice compared with CS-VAP in different days post-inoculation (p < 0.05). After challenge with E. coli and Staphylococcus aureus, most of the VAP- and VAP4/6- treated mice survived, and no symptoms of bacterial infection were observed. In contrast, 80% of control mice died of infection. Among the treated groups, VAP4/6 had a stronger resistance against challenge with E. coli infection. These results demonstrated that the fusion gene of antimicrobial peptide and interleukin-4/6 has the promising potential as a safe and effective immunomodulator for the control of bacterial infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjie Peng
- College of Life Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China; (J.P.); (Y.X.); (X.W.); (Q.C.); (H.W.)
| | - Yongle Xiao
- College of Life Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China; (J.P.); (Y.X.); (X.W.); (Q.C.); (H.W.)
| | - Xiaoping Wan
- College of Life Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China; (J.P.); (Y.X.); (X.W.); (Q.C.); (H.W.)
| | - Qian Chen
- College of Life Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China; (J.P.); (Y.X.); (X.W.); (Q.C.); (H.W.)
| | - Huan Wang
- College of Life Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China; (J.P.); (Y.X.); (X.W.); (Q.C.); (H.W.)
| | - Jiangling Li
- Sichuan Animal Science Academy, Chengdu 610066, China;
| | - Jianlin Chen
- School of Laboratory Medicine, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu 610500, China
- Correspondence: (J.C.); (R.G.); Fax: +86-28-8547199 (R.G.)
| | - Rong Gao
- College of Life Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China; (J.P.); (Y.X.); (X.W.); (Q.C.); (H.W.)
- Correspondence: (J.C.); (R.G.); Fax: +86-28-8547199 (R.G.)
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11
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Gómez Pérez A, González-Martínez E, Díaz Águila CR, González-Martínez DA, González Ruiz G, García Artalejo A, Yee-Madeira H. Chitosan-coated magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles for DNA and rhEGF separation. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2020.124500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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12
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Bravo-Anaya L, Garbay B, Nando-Rodríguez J, Carvajal Ramos F, Ibarboure E, Bathany K, Xia Y, Rosselgong J, Joucla G, Garanger E, Lecommandoux S. Nucleic acids complexation with cationic elastin-like polypeptides: Stoichiometry and stability of nano-assemblies. J Colloid Interface Sci 2019; 557:777-792. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2019.09.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2019] [Revised: 09/13/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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13
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Kaczmarek MB, Struszczyk-Swita K, Li X, Szczęsna-Antczak M, Daroch M. Enzymatic Modifications of Chitin, Chitosan, and Chitooligosaccharides. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2019; 7:243. [PMID: 31612131 PMCID: PMC6776590 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2019.00243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2019] [Accepted: 09/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Chitin and its N-deacetylated derivative chitosan are two biological polymers that have found numerous applications in recent years, but their further deployment suffers from limitations in obtaining a defined structure of the polymers using traditional conversion methods. The disadvantages of the currently used industrial methods of chitosan manufacturing and the increasing demand for a broad range of novel chitosan oligosaccharides (COS) with a fully defined architecture increase interest in chitin and chitosan-modifying enzymes. Enzymes such as chitinases, chitosanases, chitin deacetylases, and recently discovered lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases had attracted considerable interest in recent years. These proteins are already useful tools toward the biotechnological transformation of chitin into chitosan and chitooligosaccharides, especially when a controlled non-degradative and well-defined process is required. This review describes traditional and novel enzymatic methods of modification of chitin and its derivatives. Recent advances in chitin processing, discovery of increasing number of new, well-characterized enzymes and development of genetic engineering methods result in rapid expansion of the field. Enzymatic modification of chitin and chitosan may soon become competitive to conventional conversion methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michal Benedykt Kaczmarek
- Institute of Technical Biochemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Łódź, Poland.,School of Environment and Energy, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, China
| | | | - Xingkang Li
- School of Environment and Energy, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, China
| | | | - Maurycy Daroch
- School of Environment and Energy, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, China
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14
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Xing H, Lu M, Yang T, Liu H, Sun Y, Zhao X, Xu H, Yang L, Ding P. Structure-function relationships of nonviral gene vectors: Lessons from antimicrobial polymers. Acta Biomater 2019; 86:15-40. [PMID: 30590184 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2018.12.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2018] [Revised: 11/22/2018] [Accepted: 12/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, substantial advances have been achieved in the design and synthesis of nonviral gene vectors. However, lack of effective and biocompatible vectors still remains a major challenge that hinders their application in clinical settings. In the past decade, there has been a rapid expansion of cationic antimicrobial polymers, due to their potent, rapid, and broad-spectrum biocidal activity against resistant microbes, and biocompatible features. Given that antimicrobial polymers share common features with nonviral gene vectors in various aspects, such as membrane affinity, functional groups, physicochemical characteristics, and unique macromolecular architectures, these polymers may provide us with inspirations to overcome challenges in the design of novel vectors toward more safe and efficient gene delivery in clinic. Building off these observations, we provide here an overview of the structure-function relationships of polymers for both antimicrobial applications and gene delivery by elaborating some key structural parameters, including functional groups, charge density, hydrophobic/hydrophilic balance, MW, and macromolecular architectures. By borrowing a leaf from antimicrobial agents, great advancement in the development of newer nonviral gene vectors with high transfection efficiency and biocompatibility will be more promising. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: The development of gene delivery is still in the preclinical stage for the lack of effective and biocompatible vectors. Given that antimicrobial polymers share common features with gene vectors in various aspects, such as membrane affinity, functional groups, physicochemical characteristics, and unique macromolecular architectures, these polymers may provide us with inspirations to overcome challenges in the design of novel vectors toward more safe and efficient gene delivery in clinic. In this review, we systematically summarized the structure-function relationships of antimicrobial polymers and gene vectors, with which the design of more advanced nonviral gene vectors is anticipated to be further boosted in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haonan Xing
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Mei Lu
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Tianzhi Yang
- Department of Basic Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Husson University, Bangor, ME, USA
| | - Hui Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yanping Sun
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiaoyun Zhao
- School of Life Science and Biopharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Hui Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Li Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China.
| | - Pingtian Ding
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China.
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15
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Bravo-Anaya LM, Fernández-Solís KG, Rosselgong J, Nano-Rodríguez JLE, Carvajal F, Rinaudo M. Chitosan-DNA polyelectrolyte complex: Influence of chitosan characteristics and mechanism of complex formation. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 126:1037-1049. [PMID: 30615969 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2018] [Revised: 01/02/2019] [Accepted: 01/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Polyelectrolyte complexes formed between DNA and chitosan present different and interesting physicochemical properties combined with high biocompatibility; they are very useful for biomedical applications. DNA in its double helical structure is a semi-rigid polyelectrolyte chain. Chitosan, an abundant polysaccharide in nature, is considered as one of the most attractive vectors due to its biocompatibility and biodegradability. Here we study chitosan/DNA polyelectrolyte complex formation mechanism and the key factors of their stability. Compaction process of DNA with chitosan was monitored in terms of the ζ-potential and hydrodynamic radius variation as a function of charge ratios between chitosan and DNA. The influence of chitosan degree of acetylation (DA) and its molecular weight on the stoichiometry of chitosan/DNA complexes characteristics was also studied. It is shown that the isoelectric point of chitosan/DNA complexes, as well as their stability, is directly related to the degree of protonation of chitosan (depending on pH), to the DA and to the external salt concentration. It is demonstrated that DNA compaction process corresponds to an all or nothing like-process. Finally, since an important factor in cell travelling is the buffering effect of the vector used, we demonstrated the essential role of free chitosan on the proton-sponge effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lourdes Mónica Bravo-Anaya
- Universidad de Guadalajara, Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Blvd. M. García Barragán #1451, 44430 Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico; University of Bordeaux/Bordeaux INP, ENSCBP and CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie des Polymères Organiques (UMR5629), 16 avenue Pey-Berland, Pessac 33607, France.
| | - Karla Gricelda Fernández-Solís
- Universidad de Guadalajara, Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Blvd. M. García Barragán #1451, 44430 Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico; Centro Universitario UTEG, Departamento de Investigación, Héroes Ferrocarrileros #1325, Guadalajara, Jalisco 44460, Mexico
| | - Julien Rosselgong
- University of Bordeaux/Bordeaux INP, ENSCBP and CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie des Polymères Organiques (UMR5629), 16 avenue Pey-Berland, Pessac 33607, France
| | - Jesrael Luz Elena Nano-Rodríguez
- Universidad de Guadalajara, Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Blvd. M. García Barragán #1451, 44430 Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico; Centro Universitario UTEG, Departamento de Investigación, Héroes Ferrocarrileros #1325, Guadalajara, Jalisco 44460, Mexico
| | - Francisco Carvajal
- CUTonalá, Departamento de Ingenierías, Universidad de Guadalajara, Nuevo Periférico # 555 Ejido San José Tatepozco, 45425, Jalisco, Mexico
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Zhao Y, Liu J, Guan L, Zhang Y, Dong P, Li J, Liang X, Komiyama M. Fabrication of aqueous nanodispersion from natural DNA and chitosan as eminent carriers for water-insoluble bioactives. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 118:263-270. [PMID: 29803748 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.05.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2018] [Revised: 05/10/2018] [Accepted: 05/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
For high-valued application of natural DNA as raw materials, we prepared nanocarriers by using salmon sperm DNA and chitosan to encapsulate water-insoluble bioactives. Here, water dispersible astaxanthin/DNA/chitosan nano-aggregates (ADC-NAs) were prepared by co-assemble evaporation method. The key point for preparing well formed ADC-NAs was specifically discussed. The resultant ADC-NAs were spherical with 100-300 nm diameter measured by dynamic light scattering (DLS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and their homogeneous dispersions were sufficiently stable at room temperature. One important feature of these nanocarriers is enormously high loading amount of cargo (about 40 wt%). According to the UV-Vis spectra of the nanosuspension, we deduced that astaxanthin was encapsulated as uniquely structured J-aggregates. Fourier transform infra-red (FTIR) spectroscopy proved fabrication was successfully and astaxanthin was embedding in DNA/chitosan nanocarriers. Cytotoxicity was examined in vitro using cell culture in L929 cell lines. When necessary, these nano-aggregates can be degraded by DNase I. Homogeneous dispersions of other non-charged guest molecules are also prepared by using DNA/chitosan nanocarriers. These dispersions are cheaply and easily obtainable from naturally occurring DNA and chitosan, and should be useful for versatile applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingyuan Zhao
- College of food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, PR China
| | - Junli Liu
- College of food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, PR China
| | - Lei Guan
- College of food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, PR China
| | - Yaping Zhang
- College of food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, PR China
| | - Ping Dong
- College of food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, PR China
| | - Jing Li
- College of food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, PR China.
| | - Xingguo Liang
- College of food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, PR China; Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266235, PR China.
| | - Makoto Komiyama
- College of food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, PR China; World Premier International (WPI) Research Centre for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (MANA), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan
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17
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Santos-Carballal B, Fernández Fernández E, Goycoolea FM. Chitosan in Non-Viral Gene Delivery: Role of Structure, Characterization Methods, and Insights in Cancer and Rare Diseases Therapies. Polymers (Basel) 2018; 10:E444. [PMID: 30966479 PMCID: PMC6415274 DOI: 10.3390/polym10040444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2018] [Revised: 04/04/2018] [Accepted: 04/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-viral gene delivery vectors have lagged far behind viral ones in the current pipeline of clinical trials of gene therapy nanomedicines. Even when non-viral nanovectors pose less safety risks than do viruses, their efficacy is much lower. Since the early studies to deliver pDNA, chitosan has been regarded as a highly attractive biopolymer to deliver nucleic acids intracellularly and induce a transgenic response resulting in either upregulation of protein expression (for pDNA, mRNA) or its downregulation (for siRNA or microRNA). This is explained as the consequence of a multi-step process involving condensation of nucleic acids, protection against degradation, stabilization in physiological conditions, cellular internalization, release from the endolysosome ("proton sponge" effect), unpacking and enabling the trafficking of pDNA to the nucleus or the siRNA to the RNA interference silencing complex (RISC). Given the multiple steps and complexity involved in the gene transfection process, there is a dearth of understanding of the role of chitosan's structural features (Mw and degree of acetylation, DA%) on each step that dictates the net transfection efficiency and its kinetics. The use of fully characterized chitosan samples along with the utilization of complementary biophysical and biological techniques is key to bridging this gap of knowledge and identifying the optimal chitosans for delivering a specific gene. Other aspects such as cell type and administration route are also at play. At the same time, the role of chitosan structural features on the morphology, size and surface composition of synthetic virus-like particles has barely been addressed. The ongoing revolution brought about by the recent discovery of CRISPR-Cas9 technology will undoubtedly be a game changer in this field in the short term. In the field of rare diseases, gene therapy is perhaps where the greatest potential lies and we anticipate that chitosans will be key players in the translation of research to the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Elena Fernández Fernández
- Lung Biology Group, Department Clinical Microbiology, RCSI, Education and Research Centre, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin 9, Ireland.
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18
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Bramosanti M, Chronopoulou L, Grillo F, Valletta A, Palocci C. Microfluidic-assisted nanoprecipitation of antiviral-loaded polymeric nanoparticles. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2017.04.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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19
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Mikhailov A, Sugiyama F, Mizuno S, Sankai Y. Bio-active polymer implants to adipose tissue as in situ source of reprogramming cells. ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF THE IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE 2017; 2016:4169-4172. [PMID: 28269201 DOI: 10.1109/embc.2016.7591645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The implants from natural polymer chitosan was developed by sorption of non-viral DNA vector. These assemblies were shown to be biocompatible and able to transfect the surrounding cells with reprogramming factors. Transgenic rats from the strain allowing visualization of Nanog-positive stem cells received these implants into their adipose deposits. After 8 days we were able to detect in situ-transfected cells. Transfected cells were positive for YFP fluorescence and transiently expressed the markers correlating with stemness.
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20
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Matthew V. Tirrell
- Institute for Molecular Engineering; The University of Chicago; Chicago IL USA
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21
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de Morais W, Silva G, Nunes J, Wanderley Neto A, Pereira M, Fonseca J. Interpolyelectrolyte complex formation: From lyophilic to lyophobic colloids. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2016.03.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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22
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Lounis FM, Chamieh J, Gonzalez P, Cottet H, Leclercq L. Prediction of Polyelectrolyte Complex Stoichiometry for Highly Hydrophilic Polyelectrolytes. Macromolecules 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.6b00463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Feriel Meriem Lounis
- Institut
des Biomolécules
Max Mousseron, IBMM, UMR 5247 CNRS, Université de Montpellier, Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier, Place Eugène Bataillon, CC
1706, 34095 Montpellier
Cedex 5, France
| | - Joseph Chamieh
- Institut
des Biomolécules
Max Mousseron, IBMM, UMR 5247 CNRS, Université de Montpellier, Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier, Place Eugène Bataillon, CC
1706, 34095 Montpellier
Cedex 5, France
| | - Philippe Gonzalez
- Institut
des Biomolécules
Max Mousseron, IBMM, UMR 5247 CNRS, Université de Montpellier, Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier, Place Eugène Bataillon, CC
1706, 34095 Montpellier
Cedex 5, France
| | - Hervé Cottet
- Institut
des Biomolécules
Max Mousseron, IBMM, UMR 5247 CNRS, Université de Montpellier, Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier, Place Eugène Bataillon, CC
1706, 34095 Montpellier
Cedex 5, France
| | - Laurent Leclercq
- Institut
des Biomolécules
Max Mousseron, IBMM, UMR 5247 CNRS, Université de Montpellier, Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier, Place Eugène Bataillon, CC
1706, 34095 Montpellier
Cedex 5, France
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23
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Phunpee S, Saesoo S, Sramala I, Jarussophon S, Sajomsang W, Puttipipatkhajorn S, Soottitantawat A, Ruktanonchai UR. A comparison of eugenol and menthol on encapsulation characteristics with water-soluble quaternized β-cyclodextrin grafted chitosan. Int J Biol Macromol 2016; 84:472-80. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2015.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2015] [Revised: 10/13/2015] [Accepted: 11/02/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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24
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Salt-induced reentrant stability of polyion-decorated particles with tunable surface charge density. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2016; 137:109-20. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2015.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2015] [Revised: 06/03/2015] [Accepted: 06/04/2015] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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25
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Cherng JY, Lin CH. Covalent attachment of an influenza hemagglutinin-derived peptide to urethane-based cationic polymers affects their transfection efficiency in DNA delivery and their course in cell entry. REACT FUNCT POLYM 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2015.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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26
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Tekie FSM, Atyabi F, Soleimani M, Arefian E, Atashi A, Kiani M, Khoshayand MR, Amini M, Dinarvand R. Chitosan polyplex nanoparticle vector for miR-145 expression in MCF-7: Optimization by design of experiment. Int J Biol Macromol 2015; 81:828-37. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2015.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2015] [Revised: 08/11/2015] [Accepted: 09/08/2015] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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27
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Cationic polyaspartamide-based nanocomplexes mediate siRNA entry and down-regulation of the pro-inflammatory mediator high mobility group box 1 in airway epithelial cells. Int J Pharm 2015; 491:359-66. [PMID: 26140987 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2015.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2015] [Revised: 06/12/2015] [Accepted: 06/14/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
High-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) is a nonhistone protein secreted by airway epithelial cells in hyperinflammatory diseases such as asthma. In order to down-regulate HMGB1 expression in airway epithelial cells, siRNA directed against HMGB1 was delivered through nanocomplexes based on a cationic copolymer of poly(N-2-hydroxyethyl)-d,l-aspartamide (PHEA) by using H441 cells. Two copolymers were used in these experiments bearing respectively spermine side chains (PHEA-Spm) and both spermine and PEG2000 chains (PHEA-PEG-Spm). PHEA-Spm and PHEA-PEG-Spm derivatives complexed dsDNA oligonucleotides with a w/w ratio of 1 and higher as shown by a gel retardation assay. PHEA-Spm and PHEA-PEG-Spm siRNA polyplexes were sized 350-650 nm and 100-400 nm respectively and ranged from negativity/neutrality (at 0.5 ratio) to positivity (at 5 ratio) as ζ potential. Polyplexes formed either at a ratio of 0.5 (partially complexing) or at the ratio of 5 (fully complexing) were tested in subsequent experiments. Epifluorescence revealed that nanocomplexes favored siRNA entry into H441 cells in comparison with naked siRNA. As determined by flow cytometry and a trypan blue assay, PHEA-Spm and PHEA-PEG-Spm allowed siRNA uptake in 42-47% and 30% of cells respectively, however only with PHEA-Spm at w/w ratio of 5 these percentages were significantly higher than those obtained with naked siRNA (20%). Naked siRNA or complexed scrambled siRNA did not exert any effect on HMGB1mRNA levels, whereas PHEA-Spm/siRNA at the w/w ratio of 5 down-regulated HMGB1 mRNA up to 58% of control levels (untransfected cells). PEGylated PHEA-Spm/siRNA nanocomplexes were able to down-regulate HMGB1 mRNA levels up to 61% of control cells. MTT assay revealed excellent biocompatibility of copolymer/siRNA polyplexes with cells. In conclusion, we have found optimal conditions for down-regulation of HMGB1 by siRNA delivery mediated by polyaminoacidic polymers in airway epithelial cells in the absence of cytotoxicity. Functional and in-vivo studies are warranted.
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28
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Improved stability and efficacy of chitosan/pDNA complexes for gene delivery. Biotechnol Lett 2014; 37:557-65. [PMID: 25388452 DOI: 10.1007/s10529-014-1727-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2014] [Accepted: 11/04/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Among polymeric polycations, chitosan has emerged as a powerful carrier for gene delivery. Only a few studies have focused on the stability of the chitosan/DNA complex under storage, although this is imperative for nanomedicinal applications. Here, we synthesized polyelectrolyte complexes at a charge ratio of 10 using 50 kDa chitosan and plasmid (p)DNA that encodes a GFP reporter. These preparations were stable up to 3 months at 4 °C and showed reproducible transfection efficiencies in vitro in HEK293 cells. In addition, we developed a methodology that increases the in vitro transfection efficiency of chitosan/pDNA complexes by 150% with respect to standard procedures. Notably, intracellular pDNA release and transfected cells peaked 5 days following transection of mitotically active cells. These new developments in formulation technology enhance the potential for polymeric nanoparticle-mediated gene therapy.
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