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Capelezzo AP, Celuppi LCM, Kuhn KZ, Sanaiotto O, Scapinello J, Zanetti M, Zeferino RCF, Müller LG, Fiori MA, Riella HG. Acute toxicity study of antibacterial organophilic bentonite incorporated with geranyl acetate in mice and geranyl acetate liberation in simulated gastric fluid. Toxicon 2023; 224:107027. [PMID: 36690090 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2023.107027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, the antibacterial property of the organophilic bentonite (Bent-ODA) and organophilic bentonite incorporated with geranyl acetate ester (Bent-ODA-GA) was evaluated against bacteria Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhimurium. Oral acute toxicity of Bent-ODA-GA was evaluated in mice, by a single oral dose of 300 and 2000 mg kg-1. Animals were observed for any toxicity clinical signs or mortality for 15 days according to OECD 423 guidelines. The release assay of GA presents in Bent-ODA in simulated gastric fluid, pH 3.5 and pH 6.5 was also performed. Bent-ODA-GA composite presented antibacterial activity against S. aureus and S. typhimurium bacteria with 10.7 ± 0.6 mm and 2.2 ± 0.1 mm inhibition halo, respectively, which make it possible to associate the composite antimicrobial feature due to the ester presence. The composite did not reveal any toxicity signs or mortality in any animal for acute toxicity treatment during the 15 days observation period. The LD50 of Bent-ODA-DA was estimated to be greater than 2000 mg kg-1. It was also observed that geranyl acetate is released from Bent-ODA in concentrations lower than 0.03 mg kg-1 for pH 3.5 and 0.004 mg kg-1 for pH 6.5, which are lower than those that could cause some toxic effects in animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- A P Capelezzo
- Chemical Engineering, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis, 88040-970, SC, Brazil.
| | - L C M Celuppi
- Chemical Engineering Department, Universidade Comunitária da Região de Chapecó (Unochapecó), Chapecó, 89809-000, SC, Brazil
| | - K Z Kuhn
- Pharmacy Department, Universidade Comunitária da Região de Chapecó (Unochapecó), Chapecó, 89809-000, SC, Brazil
| | - O Sanaiotto
- Pharmacy Department, Universidade Comunitária da Região de Chapecó (Unochapecó), Chapecó, 89809-000, SC, Brazil
| | - J Scapinello
- Chemical Engineering Department, Universidade Comunitária da Região de Chapecó (Unochapecó), Chapecó, 89809-000, SC, Brazil
| | - M Zanetti
- Chemical Engineering Department, Universidade Comunitária da Região de Chapecó (Unochapecó), Chapecó, 89809-000, SC, Brazil
| | - R C F Zeferino
- Chemical Engineering Department, Universidade Comunitária da Região de Chapecó (Unochapecó), Chapecó, 89809-000, SC, Brazil
| | - L G Müller
- Environmental Science, Universidade Comunitária da Região de Chapecó (Unochapecó), Chapecó, 89809-000, SC, Brazil
| | - M A Fiori
- DAFIS-PB, Universidade Tecnológica Federal Do Paraná (UTFPR), Pato Branco, 85503-390, PR, Brazil
| | - H G Riella
- Chemical Engineering, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis, 88040-970, SC, Brazil
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Hossain SI, Kukushkina EA, Izzi M, Sportelli MC, Picca RA, Ditaranto N, Cioffi N. A Review on Montmorillonite-Based Nanoantimicrobials: State of the Art. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:nano13050848. [PMID: 36903726 PMCID: PMC10005688 DOI: 10.3390/nano13050848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
One of the crucial challenges of our time is to effectively use metal and metal oxide nanoparticles (NPs) as an alternative way to combat drug-resistant infections. Metal and metal oxide NPs such as Ag, Ag2O, Cu, Cu2O, CuO, and ZnO have found their way against antimicrobial resistance. However, they also suffer from several limitations ranging from toxicity issues to resistance mechanisms by complex structures of bacterial communities, so-called biofilms. In this regard, scientists are urgently looking for convenient approaches to develop heterostructure synergistic nanocomposites which could overcome toxicity issues, enhance antimicrobial activity, improve thermal and mechanical stability, and increase shelf life. These nanocomposites provide a controlled release of bioactive substances into the surrounding medium, are cost effective, reproducible, and scalable for real life applications such as food additives, nanoantimicrobial coating in food technology, food preservation, optical limiters, the bio medical field, and wastewater treatment application. Naturally abundant and non-toxic Montmorillonite (MMT) is a novel support to accommodate NPs, due to its negative surface charge and control release of NPs and ions. At the time of this review, around 250 articles have been published focusing on the incorporation of Ag-, Cu-, and ZnO-based NPs into MMT support and thus furthering their introduction into polymer matrix composites dominantly used for antimicrobial application. Therefore, it is highly relevant to report a comprehensive review of Ag-, Cu-, and ZnO-modified MMT. This review provides a comprehensive overview of MMT-based nanoantimicrobials, particularly dealing with preparation methods, materials characterization, and mechanisms of action, antimicrobial activity on different bacterial strains, real life applications, and environmental and toxicity issues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syed Imdadul Hossain
- Chemistry Department, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Via E. Orabona 4, 70126 Bari, Italy
- CSGI (Center for Colloid and Surface Science) c/o, Department of Chemistry, Via Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Ekaterina A. Kukushkina
- Chemistry Department, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Via E. Orabona 4, 70126 Bari, Italy
- CSGI (Center for Colloid and Surface Science) c/o, Department of Chemistry, Via Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Margherita Izzi
- Chemistry Department, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Via E. Orabona 4, 70126 Bari, Italy
- CSGI (Center for Colloid and Surface Science) c/o, Department of Chemistry, Via Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | | | - Rosaria Anna Picca
- Chemistry Department, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Via E. Orabona 4, 70126 Bari, Italy
- CSGI (Center for Colloid and Surface Science) c/o, Department of Chemistry, Via Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Nicoletta Ditaranto
- Chemistry Department, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Via E. Orabona 4, 70126 Bari, Italy
- CSGI (Center for Colloid and Surface Science) c/o, Department of Chemistry, Via Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Nicola Cioffi
- Chemistry Department, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Via E. Orabona 4, 70126 Bari, Italy
- CSGI (Center for Colloid and Surface Science) c/o, Department of Chemistry, Via Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy
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Simultaneous Removal of Mycotoxins by a New Feed Additive Containing a Tri-Octahedral Smectite Mixed with Lignocellulose. Toxins (Basel) 2022; 14:toxins14060393. [PMID: 35737054 PMCID: PMC9229468 DOI: 10.3390/toxins14060393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Revised: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Simultaneous removal of mycotoxins has been poorly addressed, and a limited number of studies have reported the efficacy of feed additives in sequestering a large spectrum of mycotoxins. In this study, a new mycotoxin-adsorbing agent was obtained by properly mixing a tri-octahedral smectite with a lignocellulose-based material. At a dosage of 1 mg mL−1, these materials simultaneously adsorbed frequently occurring mycotoxins and did not exert a cytotoxic effect on intestinal cells. Chyme samples obtained by a simulated GI digestion did not affect the viability of Caco-2TC7 cells as measured by the MTT test. In addition, the chyme of the lignocellulose showed a high content of polyphenols (210 mg mL−1 catechin equivalent) and good antioxidant activity. The properties of the individual constituents were maintained in the final composite, and were unaffected by their combination. When tested with a pool of seven mycotoxins at 1 µg mL−1 each and pH 5, the composite (5 mg mL−1) simultaneously sequestered AFB1 (95%), FB1 (99%), ZEA (93%), OTA (80%), T-2 (63%), and DON (22%). HT-2 adsorption did not occur. Mycotoxin adsorption increased exponentially as dosage increased, and occurred at physiological pH values. AFB1, ZEA and T-2 adsorption was not affected by pH in the range 3–9, whereas OTA and FB1 were adsorbed at pH values of 3–5. The adsorbed amount of AFB1, ZEA and T-2 was not released when pH rose from 3 to 7. FB1 and OTA desorption was less than 38%. Langmuir adsorption isotherms revealed high capacity and affinity for adsorption of the target mycotoxins. Results of this study are promising and show the potential of the new composite to remove mycotoxins in practical scenarios where several mycotoxins can co-occur.
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Damato A, Vianello F, Novelli E, Balzan S, Gianesella M, Giaretta E, Gabai G. Comprehensive Review on the Interactions of Clay Minerals With Animal Physiology and Production. Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:889612. [PMID: 35619608 PMCID: PMC9127995 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.889612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Clay minerals are naturally occurring rock and soil materials primarily composed of fine-grained aluminosilicate minerals, characterized by high hygroscopicity. In animal production, clays are often mixed with feed and, due to their high binding capacity towards organic molecules, used to limit animal absorption of feed contaminants, such as mycotoxins and other toxicants. Binding capacity of clays is not specific and these minerals can form complexes with different compounds, such as nutrients and pharmaceuticals, thus possibly affecting the intestinal absorption of important substances. Indeed, clays cannot be considered a completely inert feed additive, as they can interfere with gastro-intestinal (GI) metabolism, with possible consequences on animal physiology. Moreover, clays may contain impurities, constituted of inorganic micronutrients and/or toxic trace elements, and their ingestion can affect animal health. Furthermore, clays may also have effects on the GI mucosa, possibly modifying nutrient digestibility and animal microbiome. Finally, clays may directly interact with GI cells and, depending on their mineral grain size, shape, superficial charge and hydrophilicity, can elicit an inflammatory response. As in the near future due to climate change the presence of mycotoxins in feedstuffs will probably become a major problem, the use of clays in feedstuff, given their physico-chemical properties, low cost, apparent low toxicity and eco-compatibility, is expected to increase. The present review focuses on the characteristics and properties of clays as feed additives, evidencing pros and cons. Aims of future studies are suggested, evidencing that, in particular, possible interferences of these minerals with animal microbiome, nutrient absorption and drug delivery should be assessed. Finally, the fate of clay particles during their transit within the GI system and their long-term administration/accumulation should be clarified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Damato
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Fabio Vianello
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Enrico Novelli
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Stefania Balzan
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Matteo Gianesella
- Department of Animal Medicine, Production and Health, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Elisa Giaretta
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
- *Correspondence: Elisa Giaretta
| | - Gianfranco Gabai
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
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Khansili N, Murali Krishna P. Sensitive Metal Oxide-Clay Nanocomposite Colorimetric Sensor Development for Aflatoxin Detection in Foods: Corn and Almond. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:14911-14925. [PMID: 34151073 PMCID: PMC8209818 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c00750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The work reports on zinc oxide bentonite nanocomposite (ZnOBt) chemical route synthesis, characterization, and investigation of curcumin (Cur) functionalization for a label-free colorimetric detection of total aflatoxins (AFs) in foods. XRD of ZnO nanoparticles (NPs) confirmed the wurtzite structure (2θ = 36.2°) and that of ZnOBt showed the intercalated interlayer composite phase. The Debye-Scherrer relation calculated the crystallite size as 20 nm (ZnO) and 24.4 nm (ZnOBt). Surface morphology by SEM exhibited flower-like hexagonal, rod-shaped ZnO NPs on the bentonite surface. Colorimetric reaction involved two-stage redox reactions between ZnOBt and dye Cur followed by AFs phenolic group and Zn(Cur)OBt. Cur gets oxidized at its diketone moiety in the presence of ZnOBt to form a red colored complex Zn(Cur)OBt, which further scavenge protons from AFs phenolic group, and gets oxidized to AFs-Zn(Cur)OBt (yellow). Binding of AFs-Zn(Cur)OBt is characterized by FT-IR ascribed to C-H bending (1966.615 cm-1), O-H stretching (3256.974 cm-1), and C=O stretching (1647.362 cm-1). 1H NMR chemical shifts (δ) (ppm) showed an increase in proton at the aliphatic region (0 to 4.4) while removal of proton in ether at 4.4 to 6 regions. Job plot calculation using UV-Vis data resulted in a higher total AF binding coefficient of Zn(Cur)OBt (K a = 3.77 × 106 mol-1 L) compared to Zn(Cur)O (K a = 0.645 × 106 mol-1 L) as well as a molar ratio of 1:1 by the Benesi-Hildebrand plot equation. Corn and almond food samples showed the total AFs LOD of 2.74 and 4.34 ppb, respectively. The results are validated with standard LC/MS-MS in compliance with MRL value as per the regulatory standard (EU).The NP-based method is facile and rapid and hence can be utilized for onsite detection of total AFs in foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nishtha Khansili
- Department of Basic and Applied
Science, National Institute of Food Technology
Entrepreneurship and Management (NIFTEM), Haryana 131028, India
| | - Prayaga Murali Krishna
- Department of Basic and Applied
Science, National Institute of Food Technology
Entrepreneurship and Management (NIFTEM), Haryana 131028, India
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6
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Rasheed U, Ain QU, Yaseen M, Yao X, Liu B. Synthesis and characterization of tannic acid pillared bentonite composite for the efficient adsorption of aflatoxins. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2021; 202:111679. [PMID: 33752087 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2021.111679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Revised: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Tannic acid (TA) is a hydrolysable polyphenol with established antioxidant and antibacterial activity along with its tendency to bind both organic and inorganic ions/molecules. In the present study, the sequestration performance of TA pillared bentonite for various aflatoxins (AFs) including AFB1, AFB2, AFG1 and AFG2 from aqueous solutions and simulated poultry gastrointestinal model solution was studied via adsorption. The adsorbents were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), N2 adsorption-desorption study and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The reaction conditions including pH, agitation time, initial toxin concentration and temperature were systematically optimized. The Langmuir adsorption capacity of the adsorbent reached to 86, 71, 74 and 149 mg/g for AFB1, AFB2, AFG1 and AFG2 respectively. Adsorption kinetics and thermodynamic studies showed rapid AFs uptake and the exothermicity of the adsorption reaction respectively. Simultaneous removal of AFs by BTA3 revealed their independent and uninterrupted adsorption and the adsorption mechanism of AFs over BTA3 was elaborated with the help of XPS results. The outstanding AFs sequestering capability of BTA3 in aqueous solution and simulated poultry gastrointestinal model can be envisioned of great promise for the remediation of AFs and other hazardous pollutants from food and poultry industrial products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Usman Rasheed
- Institute of Applied Microbiology, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530005, China.
| | - Qurat Ul Ain
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Petrochemical Resource Processing and Process Intensification Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, China; College of Resources, Environment and Materials, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China.
| | - Muhammad Yaseen
- Institute of Chemical Sciences, University of Peshawar, 25120, KP, Pakistan.
| | - Xiaohua Yao
- Institute of Applied Microbiology, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530005, China.
| | - Bin Liu
- Institute of Applied Microbiology, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530005, China.
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7
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Vila-Donat P, Marín S, Sanchis V, Ramos AJ. New mycotoxin adsorbents based on tri-octahedral bentonites for animal feed. Anim Feed Sci Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2019.114228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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8
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Wang G, Xi Y, Lian C, Sun Z, Zheng S. Simultaneous detoxification of polar aflatoxin B 1 and weak polar zearalenone from simulated gastrointestinal tract by zwitterionic montmorillonites. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2019; 364:227-237. [PMID: 30368060 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2018.09.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2018] [Revised: 09/21/2018] [Accepted: 09/26/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The current research focuses on the development of novel mycotoxins adsorbents using zwitterionic surfactants modified montmorillonites (ZMts) for simultaneous removal of highly health-hazardous polar aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) and low polar zearalenone (ZER). Two types of ZMts including dodecyl dimethyl betaine (BS-12) and lauramidopropyl betaine (LAB-35) modified montmorillonites (BS-12/Mts and LAB-35/Mts) were fabricated, and the structural, interfacial and textural features of which were explored by different techniques. It is indicated that ZMts have different structural configurations based on the surfactant type and loadings, convert from hydrophilic to hydrophobic property, with a mesoporous network inherited from Mt. The resultant adsorbents show significant improvements on the detoxification efficiency of both AFB1 and ZER. pH has little effect on the adsorption of ZMts, suggesting no desorption happens. The adsorption mechanisms of raw Mt, BS-12/Mts and LAB-35/Mts to AFB1 and ZER were proposed based on the characterizations and adsorption isotherms. This study demonstrates that ZMts possess simultaneous detoxification functions to mycotoxins with different polarities, and provides new insights into development of versatile mycotoxins adsorbents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaofeng Wang
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology (Beijing), Beijing, 100083, China; School of Earth, Environmental and Biological Sciences, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, QLD 4001, Australia
| | - Yunfei Xi
- School of Earth, Environmental and Biological Sciences, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, QLD 4001, Australia
| | - Chi Lian
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology (Beijing), Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Zhiming Sun
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology (Beijing), Beijing, 100083, China.
| | - Shuilin Zheng
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology (Beijing), Beijing, 100083, China.
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Xu X, Zhang Q, Liu K, Liu N, Han Y, Chen W, Xie C, Li P, He J. Photo-controlled release of metal ions using triazoline-containing amphiphilic copolymers. Polym Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9py00406h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Photo-controlled release of metal ions can be achieved by denitrogenation of triazoline from the micelles of amphiphilic copolymer, and has potential applications for biomedicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoying Xu
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- Xi'an University of Technology
- Xi'an
- P. R. China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- Xi'an University of Technology
- Xi'an
- P. R. China
| | - Kang Liu
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- Xi'an University of Technology
- Xi'an
- P. R. China
| | - Nailiang Liu
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- Xi'an University of Technology
- Xi'an
- P. R. China
| | - Ying Han
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases
- Shaanxi Engineering Research Center for Dental Materials and Advanced Manufacture
- Department of Oral Implantology and School of Stomatology
- The Fourth Military Medical University
| | - Weixing Chen
- School of Materials and Chemical Engineering
- Xi'an Technological University
- Xi'an
- P. R. China
| | - Chao Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases
- Shaanxi Engineering Research Center for Dental Materials and Advanced Manufacture
- Department of Oral Implantology and School of Stomatology
- The Fourth Military Medical University
| | - Pengfei Li
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology (FIST)
- Xi'an Jiaotong University
- Xi'an
- P.R. China
| | - Jie He
- Department of Chemistry and Institute of Materials Science
- University of Connecticut
- Storrs
- USA
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Hamza Z, El-Hashash M, Aly S, Hathout A, Soto E, Sabry B, Ostroff G. Preparation and characterization of yeast cell wall beta-glucan encapsulated humic acid nanoparticles as an enhanced aflatoxin B 1 binder. Carbohydr Polym 2018; 203:185-192. [PMID: 30318202 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2018.08.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2018] [Revised: 07/12/2018] [Accepted: 08/10/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to assess the effect of encapsulating humic acid inside yeast cell walls (YCW) to detoxify AFB1 in in vitro gastrointestinal models. Glucan Mannan Lipid Particles (GMLPs) from Saccharomyces cerevisiae cell walls showed the highest AFB1 adsorption in simulated gastric fluid (SGF) after 10 min, and in simulated intestinal fluid (SIF) after 1 h. GMLPs are hollow 3-4 micron porous microspheres that provide an efficient system for the synthesis and encapsulation of AFB1-absorbing nanoparticles (NPs). Humic acid nanoparticles (HA-NPs) were synthesized within the GMLP cavity by complexation with ferric chloride. Encapsulating HA-NPs in GMLPs increased HA-NP stability in SIF. The hybrid GMLP HA-NP formulation synergistically enhanced AFB1 binding compared to individual GMLP and HA components in SGF and in SIF. Cytotoxicity on a murine macrophage cell line demonstrated that GMLP HA-NP-AFB1 complexes were stable in both SGF and SIF, detoxified AFB1 and are suitable for in vivo testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeinab Hamza
- Food Toxicology and Contaminants Department, National Research Centre, Egypt
| | - Maher El-Hashash
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Egypt
| | - Soher Aly
- Food Toxicology and Contaminants Department, National Research Centre, Egypt
| | - Amal Hathout
- Food Toxicology and Contaminants Department, National Research Centre, Egypt
| | - Ernesto Soto
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, 373 Plantation Street, Worcester, MA, 01605, USA
| | - Bassem Sabry
- Food Toxicology and Contaminants Department, National Research Centre, Egypt
| | - Gary Ostroff
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, 373 Plantation Street, Worcester, MA, 01605, USA.
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11
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Sun Z, Song A, Wang B, Wang G, Zheng S. Adsorption behaviors of aflatoxin B1 and zearalenone by organo-rectorite modified with quaternary ammonium salts. J Mol Liq 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2018.05.091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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12
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Shannon TA, Ledoux DR, Rottinghaus GE, Shaw DP, Dakovic A, Markovic M. The efficacy of raw and concentrated bentonite clay in reducing the toxic effects of aflatoxin in broiler chicks. Poult Sci 2018; 96:1651-1658. [PMID: 27837119 DOI: 10.3382/ps/pew408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2016] [Accepted: 10/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of two adsorbents, a raw bentonite clay (RC) and a concentrated bentonite clay (CC), in ameliorating the toxic effects of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1). Results of the in vitro study (pH 3.0) indicated the CC adsorbed more AFB1 than RC (93.39 mg/g vs. 79.30 mg/g) suggesting that CC may be more effective than RC in reducing the toxic effects of AFB1. One hundred and eighty day-old straight run broiler chicks were assigned to 6 replicate pens of 5 chicks each and assigned to 6 dietary treatments from hatch to day 21. Dietary treatments included: 1) basal diet (BD) containing no AFB1 or adsorbents; 2) BD plus 0.50% RC; 3) BD plus 0.50% CC; 4) BD plus 2.0 mg AFB1/kg; 5) BD plus 2.0 mg AFB1/kg plus 0.50% RC; and 6) BD plus 2.0 mg AFB1/kg plus 0.50% CC. Dietary AFB1 concentrations were confirmed by analysis and diets were screened for other mycotoxins prior to the start of the experiment. The addition of AFB1 to the feed reduced (P < 0.05) growth performance and increased (P < 0.05) relative liver weight (RLW) and kidney weight (RKW) of chicks fed AFB1 compared to control chicks on day 21. These changes were ameliorated (P < 0.05) by the addition of RC and CC to the AFB1 diet. Mild to moderate lesions of aflatoxicosis (2.25) were observed in chicks fed AFB1 alone on day 21. The addition of both RC and CC to the AFB1 diet decreased (P < 0.05) but did not prevent liver lesions (0.92 and 1.42, respectively). Results indicate that both RC and CC were effective in reducing the toxic effects of AFB1, however the cost of processing of CC would make the RC a more economical product for reducing the effects of AFB1 in young broiler chicks.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - D R Ledoux
- University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | | | - D P Shaw
- University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - A Dakovic
- Institute for Technology of Nuclear and Other Mineral Raw Materials, Belgrade Serbia
| | - M Markovic
- Institute for Technology of Nuclear and Other Mineral Raw Materials, Belgrade Serbia
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Wei YK, Zhao XM, Li MM, Yu JX, Gurudeeban S, Hu YF, Ji GF, Wei DQ. Detoxification of aflatoxins on prospective approach: effect on structural, mechanical, and optical properties under pressures. Interdiscip Sci 2018; 10:311-319. [PMID: 29282626 DOI: 10.1007/s12539-017-0278-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2017] [Revised: 12/06/2017] [Accepted: 12/12/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Aflatoxins are sequential of derivatives of coumarin and dihydrofuran with similar chemical structures and well-known carcinogenic agent. Many studies performed to detoxify aflatoxins, but the result is not ideal. Therefore, we studied structural, infrared spectrum, mechanical, and optical properties of these compounds in the aim of perspective physics. Mulliken charge distributions and infrared spectral analysis performed to understand the structural difference between the basic types of aflatoxins. In addition, the effect of pressure, different polarized, and incident directions on their structural changes was determined. It is found that AFB1 is most stable structure among four basic types aflatoxins (AFB1, AFB2, AFG1, and AFG2), and IR spectra are analyzed to exhibit the difference on structures of them. The mechanical properties of AFB1 indicate that the structure of this toxin can be easily changed by pressure. The real [Formula: see text] and imaginary [Formula: see text] parts of the dielectric function, and the absorption coefficient [Formula: see text] and energy loss spectrum [Formula: see text] were also obtained under different polarized and incident directions. Furthermore, biological experiments needed to support the toxic level of AFB1 using optical technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Kai Wei
- College of Science, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Xiao-Miao Zhao
- Centre of Food Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Meng-Meng Li
- Centre of Food Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Jing-Xin Yu
- College of Science, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Selvaraj Gurudeeban
- Centre of Food Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Yan-Fei Hu
- School of Science, Sichuan University of Science and Engineering, Zigong, 643000, China.
| | - Guang-Fu Ji
- National Key Laboratory of Shock Wave and Detonation Physics, Institute of Fluid Physics, Chinese Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang, 621900, China
| | - Dong-Qing Wei
- Centre of Food Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, 450001, China.
- The State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Shanhai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China.
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The production of yeast cell wall using an agroindustrial waste influences the wall thickness and is implicated on the aflatoxin B 1 adsorption process. Food Res Int 2018; 111:306-313. [PMID: 30007690 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2018.05.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2018] [Revised: 04/30/2018] [Accepted: 05/13/2018] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
The objectives of this study were: to evaluate the use of dry distillery grain soluble extract - DDGse to produce yeast biomass and to obtain cell wall (CW), to use the CW as an aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) adsorbent, to study the variation in the composition and thickness of the CW under the influence of DDGse to evaluate their implication on the adsorption process using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FITR). The production of biomass and CW were variable. The CW thickness values showed that S. boulardii strain grown in yeast extract peptone dextrose (YPD) or DDGse medium, with no significant differences observed. The thickness of the CW for S. cerevisiae (RC012 and VM014) were increased when the cells were grown in DDGse medium, the thickness was almost double compared to the values obtained in YPD medium. The spectra IR of each CW in the two culture media shown regions corresponding to polysaccharides, proteins and lipids. Cells grown in DDGse medium adsorbed more AFB1 than those grown in YPD. The CW adsorbed more AFB1 than the same amount of whole cell. Future studies should be done to determine the type of carbohydrates and the relationship between chitin - beta glucans responsible for mycotoxin adsorption.
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15
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Wang G, Lian C, Xi Y, Sun Z, Zheng S. Evaluation of nonionic surfactant modified montmorillonite as mycotoxins adsorbent for aflatoxin B 1 and zearalenone. J Colloid Interface Sci 2018; 518:48-56. [PMID: 29438864 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2018.02.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2018] [Revised: 02/05/2018] [Accepted: 02/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
This work aims at exploring the potential of nonionic surfactant octylphenol polyoxyethylene ether (OP-10) modified montmorillonites (NMts) as mycotoxins adsorbent. The resulting NMts has different structural configurations, organic carbon contents, surface hydrophobicity and textural properties at different surfactant loadings. The prepared NMts were used for adsorption of polar aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) and weak polar zearalenone (ZER) in both single and binary-contaminate systems by simulating conditions of gastrointestinal tract. The adsorption capacities of NMts to AFB1 and ZER increased up to 2.78 and 8.54 mg/g respectively from 0.51 and 0.00 mg/g of raw montmorillonite (Mt). High adsorption capacities of NMts to AFB1 and ZER could be reached at low surfactant loadings. There was little decrease from pH of 3.5 to 6.5 but became negligible with increasing the surfactant loadings. In binary-contaminate adsorption system, the adsorption of ZER was obviously affected by the existence of AFB1, while ZER had little effect on the adsorption process of AFB1 due to different adsorption mechanism. This study demonstrates that NMts could be a promising adsorbent for simultaneous detoxification of polar and non-polar mycotoxins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaofeng Wang
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China; School of Earth, Environmental and Biological Sciences, Science and Engineering Faculty, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), 2 George Street, Brisbane, QLD 4001, Australia
| | - Chi Lian
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yunfei Xi
- School of Earth, Environmental and Biological Sciences, Science and Engineering Faculty, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), 2 George Street, Brisbane, QLD 4001, Australia
| | - Zhiming Sun
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Shuilin Zheng
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China.
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16
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Sprynskyy M, Krzemień-Konieczka I, Gadzała-Kopciuch R, Buszewski B. Separation of aflatoxin B1 from synthetic physiological fluids using talc and diatomite: Kinetic and isotherm aspects. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2018; 1072:1-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2017.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2017] [Revised: 10/25/2017] [Accepted: 11/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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17
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Wang G, Miao Y, Sun Z, Zheng S. Simultaneous adsorption of aflatoxin B 1 and zearalenone by mono- and di-alkyl cationic surfactants modified montmorillonites. J Colloid Interface Sci 2017; 511:67-76. [PMID: 28972897 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2017.09.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2017] [Revised: 09/15/2017] [Accepted: 09/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Organo-montmorillonites (OMts) modified with mono- and di-alkyl cationic surfactants were prepared to remove polar mycotoxin aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) and weak polar, hydrophobic mycotoxin zearalenone (ZER) simultaneously. The structural and surface properties of the prepared OMts were investigated. In vitro adsorption experiments were carried out to simulate the in vivo conditions of gastrointestinal tract of animals by a batch mode. The adsorption of AFB1 and ZER in both single and binary-contaminate systems were investigated systematically. Both OMts showed super enhanced adsorption capacities towards AFB1 and ZER whenever in single and binary-contaminate systems compared with raw Mt, indicating the effectiveness of the prepared OMts acted as mycotoxins adsorbents. DODAC-Mt showed a higher adsorption capacity towards AFB1 and ZER than OTAB-Mt. The equilibrium data of AFB1 on OMts were fitted satisfactorily with Freundlich and Linear models, suggesting the co-existence of different adsorption mechanism which were proposed to be ion-dipole interactions (between surfactant cations and carbonyl groups of AFB1) and adsorption/partition mechanisms. The adsorption isotherms of OMts to ZER matched best with Linear models, implying the adsorption/partition mechanism. For simultaneous adsorption, the adsorption process of one mycotoxin was slightly affected by the presence of the other mycotoxin due to the requirement of partial same sorption sites. In addition, the solution pH had negligible influence on the adsorption process of OMts, meaning no desorption occurred when the adsorbents pass through from stomach to intestine as animal feed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaofeng Wang
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yushan Miao
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China
| | - Zhiming Sun
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Shuilin Zheng
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China.
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18
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Nones J, Solhaug A, Eriksen GS, Macuvele DLP, Poli A, Soares C, Trentin AG, Riella HG, Nones J. Bentonite modified with zinc enhances aflatoxin B 1 adsorption and increase survival of fibroblasts (3T3) and epithelial colorectal adenocarcinoma cells (Caco-2). JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2017; 337:80-89. [PMID: 28511044 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2017.04.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2017] [Revised: 04/18/2017] [Accepted: 04/27/2017] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Bentonites are commonly used as feed additives to reduce the bioavailability and thus the toxicity of aflatoxins by adsorbing the toxins in the gastrointestinal tract. Aflatoxins are particular harmful mycotoxins mainly found in areas with hot and humid climates. They occur in food and feedstuff as a result of fungal contamination before and after harvest. The aim of this study was to modify Brazilian bentonite clay by incorporation of zinc (Zn) ions in order to increase the adsorption capacity and consequently reduce the toxicity of aflatoxins. The significance of Zn intercalating conditions such as concentration, temperature and reaction time were investigated. Our results showed that the Zn treatment of the bentonite increased the aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) adsorption and that Zn concentration had a negative effect. Indeed, temperature and time had no significant effect in the binding capacity. The modified bentonite (Zn-Bent1) was not cytotoxic to either fibroblasts (3T3) nor epithelial colorectal adenocarcinoma cells (Caco-2) cell lines. Interestingly, Zn-Bent1 has higher protective effect against AFB1 induced cytotoxicity than the unmodified bentonite. In conclusion, the Zn modified bentonite, Zn-Bent1, represent an improved tool to prevent aflatoxicosis in animals fed on AFB1 contaminated feed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janaína Nones
- Department of Chemical and Food Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | | | | | - Domingos Lusitâneo Pier Macuvele
- Department of Chemical and Food Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil; Department of Chemistry, Pedagógica University of Mozambique, Branch of Niassa, Mozambique
| | - Anicleto Poli
- Department of Pharmacology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Cíntia Soares
- Department of Chemical and Food Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Andrea Gonçalves Trentin
- Department of Cell Biology, Embryology and Genetics, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Humberto Gracher Riella
- Department of Chemical and Food Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Jader Nones
- Department of Cell Biology, Embryology and Genetics, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil; Integrated Company for Agricultural Development of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil.
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Gupta VK, Fakhri A, Rashidi S, Ibrahim AA, Asif M, Agarwal S. Optimization of toxic biological compound adsorption from aqueous solution onto Silicon and Silicon carbide nanoparticles through response surface methodology. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2017; 77:1128-1134. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2017.03.156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2016] [Revised: 03/16/2017] [Accepted: 03/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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20
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Magnoli A, Rodriguez M, González Pereyra M, Poloni V, Peralta M, Nilson A, Miazzo R, Bagnis G, Chiacchiera S, Cavaglieri L. Use of yeast (Pichia kudriavzevii) as a novel feed additive to ameliorate the effects of aflatoxin B1 on broiler chicken performance. Mycotoxin Res 2017; 33:273-283. [DOI: 10.1007/s12550-017-0285-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2016] [Revised: 06/14/2017] [Accepted: 06/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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21
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Monge MDP, Magnoli AP, Bergesio MV, Tancredi N, Magnoli CE, Chiacchiera SM. Activated carbons as potentially useful non-nutritive additives to prevent the effect of fumonisin B1 on sodium bentonite activity against chronic aflatoxicosis. Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess 2016; 33:1043-52. [DOI: 10.1080/19440049.2016.1185923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- María del Pilar Monge
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físico, Químicas y Naturales Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Río Cuarto, Argentina
| | - Alejandra Paola Magnoli
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físico, Químicas y Naturales Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Río Cuarto, Argentina
| | - Maria Virginia Bergesio
- Departamento de Microbiología e Inmunología, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físico, Químicas y Naturales Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Río Cuarto, Argentina
| | - Nestor Tancredi
- Cátedra Fisicoquímica y Laboratorio de Fisicoquímica de Superficies, DETEMA, Facultad de Química, Universidad de la Republica, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Carina E. Magnoli
- Departamento de Microbiología e Inmunología, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físico, Químicas y Naturales Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Río Cuarto, Argentina
| | - Stella Maris Chiacchiera
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físico, Químicas y Naturales Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Río Cuarto, Argentina
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22
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Nones J, Nones J, Poli A, Trentin AG, Riella HG, Kuhnen NC. Organophilic treatments of bentonite increase the adsorption of aflatoxin B1 and protect stem cells against cellular damage. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2016; 145:555-561. [PMID: 27281241 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2016.05.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2016] [Revised: 05/18/2016] [Accepted: 05/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Bentonite clays exhibit high adsorptive capacity for contaminants, including aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), a mycotoxin responsible for causing severe toxicity in several species including pigs, poultry and man. Organophilic treatments is known to increase the adsorption capacity of bentonites, and the primary aim of this study was to evaluate the ability of Brazilian bentonite and two organic salts - benzalkonium chloride (BAC) and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) to adsorb AFB1. For this end, 2(2) factorial designs were used in order to analyze if BAC or CTAB was able to increase AFB1 adsorption when submitted in different temperature and concentration. Both BAC and CTAB treatment (at 30°C and 2% of salt concentration) were found to increase the adsorption of AFB1 significantly compared with untreated bentonite. After organophilic bentonite treatments with BAC or CTAB, a vibration of CH stretch (2850 and 2920cm(-1)) were detected. A frequency of the SiO stretch (1020 and 1090cm(-1)) was changed by intercalation of organic cation. Furthermore, the interlayer spacing of bentonite increases to 1.23nm (d001 reflection at 2θ=7.16) and 1.22 (d001 reflection at 2θ=7.22) after the addition of BAC and CTAB, respectively. Another aim of the study was to observe the effects of these two bentonite salts in neural crest stem cell cultures. The two materials that were created by organophilic treatments were not found to be toxic to stem cells. Furthermore the results indicate that the two materials tested may protect the neural crest stem cells against damage caused by AFB1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janaína Nones
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Jader Nones
- Department of Cell Biology, Embryology and Genetics, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil.
| | - Anicleto Poli
- Department of Pharmacology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Andrea Gonçalves Trentin
- Department of Cell Biology, Embryology and Genetics, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Humberto Gracher Riella
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Nivaldo Cabral Kuhnen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
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23
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Nones J, Nones J, Riella HG, Poli A, Trentin AG, Kuhnen NC. Thermal treatment of bentonite reduces aflatoxin b1 adsorption and affects stem cell death. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2015; 55:530-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2015.05.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2015] [Revised: 05/01/2015] [Accepted: 05/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Murugesan GR, Ledoux DR, Naehrer K, Berthiller F, Applegate TJ, Grenier B, Phillips TD, Schatzmayr G. Prevalence and effects of mycotoxins on poultry health and performance, and recent development in mycotoxin counteracting strategies. Poult Sci 2015; 94:1298-315. [PMID: 25840963 PMCID: PMC4988553 DOI: 10.3382/ps/pev075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 08/31/2014] [Accepted: 02/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Extensive research over the last couple of decades has made it obvious that mycotoxins are commonly prevalent in majority of feed ingredients. A worldwide mycotoxin survey in 2013 revealed 81% of around 3,000 grain and feed samples analyzed had at least 1 mycotoxin, which was higher than the 10-year average (from 2004 to 2013) of 76% in a total of 25,944 samples. The considerable increase in the number of positive samples in 2013 may be due to the improvements in detection methods and their sensitivity. The recently developed liquid chromatography coupled to (tandem) mass spectrometry allows the inclusion of a high number of analytes and is the most selective, sensitive, and accurate of all the mycotoxin analytical methods. Mycotoxins can affect the animals either individually or additively in the presence of more than 1 mycotoxin, and may affect various organs such as gastrointestinal tract, liver, and immune system, essentially resulting in reduced productivity of the birds and mortality in extreme cases. While the use of mycotoxin binding agents has been a commonly used counteracting strategy, considering the great diversity in the chemical structures of mycotoxins, it is very obvious that there is no single method that can be used to deactivate mycotoxins in feed. Therefore, different strategies have to be combined in order to specifically target individual mycotoxins without impacting the quality of feed. Enzymatic or microbial detoxification, referred to as "biotransformation" or "biodetoxification," utilizes microorganisms or purified enzymes thereof to catabolize the entire mycotoxin or transform or cleave it to less or non-toxic compounds. However, the awareness on the prevalence of mycotoxins, available modern techniques to analyze them, the effects of mycotoxicoses, and the recent developments in the ways to safely eliminate the mycotoxins from the feed are very minimal among the producers. This symposium review paper comprehensively discusses the above mentioned aspects.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - D R Ledoux
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Missouri-Columbia, MO, USA
| | - K Naehrer
- BIOMIN Research Center, Tulln, Austria
| | - F Berthiller
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Mycotoxin Metabolism, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna (BOKU), Tulln, Austria
| | - T J Applegate
- Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - B Grenier
- Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University West Lafayette, IN, USA
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Magnoli A, Copia P, Monge M, Magnoli C, Dalcero A, Chiacchiera S. Negligible effects of tryptophan on the aflatoxin adsorption of sodium bentonite. Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess 2014; 31:2063-70. [DOI: 10.1080/19440049.2014.977966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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26
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Di Gregorio MC, Neeff DVD, Jager AV, Corassin CH, Carão ÁCDP, Albuquerque RD, Azevedo ACD, Oliveira CAF. Mineral adsorbents for prevention of mycotoxins in animal feeds. TOXIN REV 2014. [DOI: 10.3109/15569543.2014.905604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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27
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Magnoli A, Alonso V, Cavaglieri L, Dalcero A, Chiacchiera S. Effect of monogastric and ruminant gastrointestinal conditions onin vitroaflatoxin B1adsorption ability by a montmorillonite. Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess 2013; 30:743-9. [DOI: 10.1080/19440049.2013.784398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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28
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Pereyra C, Cavaglieri L, Chiacchiera S, Dalcero A. The corn influence on the adsorption levels of aflatoxin B1
and zearalenone by yeast cell wall. J Appl Microbiol 2013. [DOI: 10.1111/jam.12082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C.M. Pereyra
- Departamento de Microbiología e Inmunología; Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto; Río Cuarto Córdoba Argentina
- Fellowship of Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas (CIC-CONICET); Río Cuarto Córdoba Argentina
| | - L.R. Cavaglieri
- Departamento de Microbiología e Inmunología; Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto; Río Cuarto Córdoba Argentina
- Member of Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas (CIC-CONICET); Río Cuarto Córdoba Argentina
| | - S.M. Chiacchiera
- Member of Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas (CIC-CONICET); Río Cuarto Córdoba Argentina
- Departamento de Química; Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto; Río Cuarto Córdoba Argentina
| | - A. Dalcero
- Departamento de Microbiología e Inmunología; Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto; Río Cuarto Córdoba Argentina
- Member of Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas (CIC-CONICET); Río Cuarto Córdoba Argentina
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29
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Rahaie S, Emam-Djomeh Z, Razavi SH, Mazaheri M. Evaluation of aflatoxin decontaminating by two strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Lactobacillus rhamnosus strain GG in pistachio nuts. Int J Food Sci Technol 2012. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2621.2012.03015.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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30
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Virkutyte J, Varma RS. Novel Claycunbic to eliminate micropollutants and Vibrio fischeri from water. RSC Adv 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/c2ra01088g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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31
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Kolosova A, Stroka J. Substances for reduction of the contamination of feed by mycotoxins: a review. WORLD MYCOTOXIN J 2011. [DOI: 10.3920/wmj2011.1288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The global occurrence of mycotoxins is considered to be a major risk factor for human and animal health. Contamination of different agricultural commodities with mycotoxins still occurs despite the most strenuous prevention efforts. As a result, mycotoxin contaminated feed can cause serious disorders and diseases in farm animals. A number of approaches, such as physical and chemical detoxification procedures, have been used to counteract mycotoxins. However, only a few of them have practical application. A recent and promising approach to protect animals against the harmful effects of mycotoxin contaminated feed is the use of substances for reduction of the contamination of feed by mycotoxins. These substances, so-called mycotoxin binders (MB), are added to the diet in order to reduce the absorption of mycotoxins from the gastrointestinal tract and their distribution to blood and target organs, thus preventing or reducing mycotoxicosis in livestock. Recently, the use of such substances as technological feed additives has been officially allowed in the European Union. The efficacy of MB appears to depend on the properties of both the binder and the mycotoxin. Depending on their mode of action, these feed additives may act either by binding mycotoxins to their surface (adsorption), or by degrading or transforming them into less toxic metabolites (biotransformation). Biotransformation can be achieved by mycotoxin-degrading enzymes or by microorganisms producing such enzymes. Various inorganic adsorbents, such as hydrated sodium calcium aluminosilicate, zeolites, bentonites, clays, and activated carbons, have been tested and used as MB. An interesting alternative to inorganic adsorbents for the detoxification of mycotoxins is the use of organic binders, such as yeast cell wall components, synthetic polymers (cholestyramine, polyvinylpyrrolidone), humic substances and dietary fibres. This paper gives an overview of the current knowledge and situation in the field of MB. The most important types of MB, mechanism of their action, and their application as a part of general strategy to counteract mycotoxins are described in this review. Recent advances in the use and study of MB, as well as data of their in vitro and in vivo effectiveness are given. Problems, potential, current trends and perspectives associated with the use of MB are discussed as well in the review.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Kolosova
- Institute for Reference Materials and Measurements, European Commission, Joint Research Center, Retieseweg 111, 2440 Geel, Belgium
| | - J. Stroka
- Institute for Reference Materials and Measurements, European Commission, Joint Research Center, Retieseweg 111, 2440 Geel, Belgium
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Magnoli AP, Monge MP, Miazzo RD, Cavaglieri LR, Magnoli CE, Merkis CI, Cristofolini AL, Dalcero AM, Chiacchiera SM. Effect of low levels of aflatoxin B₁ on performance, biochemical parameters, and aflatoxin B₁ in broiler liver tissues in the presence of monensin and sodium bentonite. Poult Sci 2011; 90:48-58. [PMID: 21177443 DOI: 10.3382/ps.2010-00971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Aflatoxins (AF) are a major problem in broiler production and are significant economic and public health burdens worldwide. A commercial sodium bentonite (Na-B) adsorbent was used to prevent the effect of AF [50 µg of aflatoxin B₁ (AFB₁)/kg of feed] in broiler productivity, biochemical parameters, macroscopic and microscopic liver changes, and AFB₁ liver residues. The influence of Na-B (0.3%) and monensin (MON, 100 mg/kg), alone or in combination, was investigated in depth. The dietary treatments were as follows: treatment (T) 1: basal diet (B); T2: B + MON; T3: B + Na-B; T4: B + Na-B + MON; T5: B + AFB₁; T6: B + AFB₁ + Na-B + MON; T7: B + AFB₁ + MON; T8: B + AFB₁ + Na-B. Birds were fed dietary treatments for 28 d (d 18 to 46). No significant differences (P < 0.05) were observed among treatments with respect to broiler performance, biochemical parameters, or relative liver weights. With the exception of T8, all livers showed histopathological alterations, with accumulation of fat vacuoles. The normal appearance of livers from T8 showed the protective effect of Na-B against aflatoxicosis. The residual AFB₁ levels in livers from T5 to T8 ranged from 0.2 to 1.0 ng/g and were higher in livers from T6 (P < 0.05). Results of this study indicate a competition between AFB₁ and MON for adsorption sites on Na-B when feed contains low levels of the toxin, indicating a nonselective adsorption capacity of this particular Na-B. In addition, significant levels of AFB₁ in livers indicate that this determination is an important technique not only for diagnosis of aflatoxicosis in broilers, but also for quality control of avian products.
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Affiliation(s)
- A P Magnoli
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físico, Químicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Ruta Nacional No. 36 Km. 601, Río Cuarto, Córdoba, Argentina
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Yang JH, Lu XW, Wei LP, Ding T. Preparation of Metronidazole/MMT antibacterial composite and in vitro release characteristics. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2009; 17:914-917. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v17.i9.914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To prepare a Metronidazole/MMT antimicrobial composite and study its in vitro release characteristics.
METHODS: Metronidazole is intercalated into the interlayer of Na-MMT with ion-exchange. Metronidazole/MMT was analyzed by XRD, FTIR and TG, and its release characteristics was detected by in vitro release experiment.
RESULTS: The interlayer space of Metronidazole/MMT has increased to 1.3026 nm from 1.2345 nm, showing that Metronidazole has already been intercalated into the interlayer of Na-MMT. In vitro experiment demonstrated that Metronidazole/MMT antimicrobial composite had a good characteristic of sustained-release.
CONCLUSION: Metronidazole/MMT antimicrobial composite with sustained-release property can be further developed into a sustained-release anti-infection drugs.
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Abstract
The adsorption of T-2 toxin by the natural smectite mineral-hectorite at pH 3.0, 7.0 and 9.0 was investigated. The results of T-2 toxin adsorption on hectorite showed that the T-2 adsorption capacity decreased with increasing concentration of adsorbent in the suspension for all the investigated pH values. From the adsorption isotherms, an increase in T-2 toxin adsorption with increasing initial T-2 toxin concentration was observed for all the investigated pH values. The T-2 toxin adsorption by hectorite followed a non-linear (Langmuir) type of isotherm at pH 3.0, 7.0 and 9.0, with correlation coefficients (r2) of 0.943 at pH 3.0, 0.919 at pH 7.0 and 0.939 at pH 9.0. The estimated maximum T-2 toxin adsorption by hectorite based on the Langmuir fit to the data (9.178 mg/g at pH 3.0, 9.930 mg/g at pH 7.0, and 19.341 mg/g at pH 9.0), indicated that the adsorption of T-2 toxin by hectorite is pH dependent. The obtained data suggest the existence of specific active sites in hectorite onto which the T-2 toxin is adsorbed.
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