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Huertas CS, Lechuga LM. Ultrasensitive Label-Free Nucleic-Acid Biosensors Based on Bimodal Waveguide Interferometers. METHODS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY (CLIFTON, N.J.) 2021; 2393:89-125. [PMID: 34837176 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-1803-5_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The bimodal waveguide (BiMW) biosensor is an innovative common path interferometric sensor based on the evanescent field detection principle. This biosensor allows for the direct detection of virtually any biomolecular interaction in a label-free scheme by using specific biorecognition elements. Due to its inherent ultrasensitivity, it has been employed for the monitoring of relevant nucleic-acid sequences such as mRNA transcripts or microRNAs present at the attomolar-femtomolar concentration level in human samples. The application of the BiMW biosensor to detect these nucleic acids can be a powerful analytical tool for diagnosis and prognosis of complex illnesses, such as cancer, where these biomarkers play a major role. The BiMW sensor is fabricated using standard silicon-based microelectronics technology, which allows its miniaturization and cost-effective production, meeting the requirements of portability and disposability for the development of point-of-care (PoC) sensing platforms.In this chapter, we describe the working principle of the BiMW biosensor as well as its application for the analysis of nucleic acids. Concretely, we show a detailed description of DNA functionalization procedures and the complete analysis of two different RNA biomarkers for cancer diagnosis: (1) the analysis of mRNA transcripts generated by alternative splicing of Fas gene, and (2) the detection of miRNA 181a from urine liquid biopsies, for the early diagnosis of bladder cancer. The biosensing detection is performed by a direct assay in real time, by monitoring the changes in the intensity pattern of the light propagating through the BiMW biosensor, due to the hybridization of the target with the specific DNA probe previously functionalized on the BiMW sensor surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cesar S Huertas
- Integrated Photonics and Applications Centre, School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
| | - Laura M Lechuga
- Nanobiosensors and Bioanalytical Applications Group, Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC, BIST and CIBER-BBN, Campus UAB, Ed-ICN2, Barcelona, Spain
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2
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Ettabib MA, Marti A, Liu Z, Bowden BM, Zervas MN, Bartlett PN, Wilkinson JS. Waveguide Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy for Biosensing: A Review. ACS Sens 2021; 6:2025-2045. [PMID: 34114813 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.1c00366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Waveguide enhanced Raman spectroscopy (WERS) utilizes simple, robust, high-index contrast dielectric waveguides to generate a strong evanescent field, through which laser light interacts with analytes residing on the surface of the waveguide. It offers a powerful tool for the direct identification and reproducible quantification of biochemical species and an alternative to surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) without reliance on fragile noble metal nanostructures. The advent of low-cost laser diodes, compact spectrometers, and recent progress in material engineering, nanofabrication techniques, and software modeling tools have made realizing portable and cheap WERS Raman systems with high sensitivity a realistic possibility. This review highlights the latest progress in WERS technology and summarizes recent demonstrations and applications. Following an introduction to the fundamentals of WERS, the theoretical framework that underpins the WERS principles is presented. The main WERS design considerations are then discussed, and a review of the available approaches for the modification of waveguide surfaces for the attachment of different biorecognition elements is provided. The review concludes by discussing and contrasting the performance of recent WERS implementations, thereby providing a future roadmap of WERS technology where the key opportunities and challenges are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed A. Ettabib
- Zepler Institute for Photonics and Nanoelectronics, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, United Kingdom
| | - Almudena Marti
- School of Chemistry, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, United Kingdom
| | - Zhen Liu
- Zepler Institute for Photonics and Nanoelectronics, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, United Kingdom
| | - Bethany M. Bowden
- School of Chemistry, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, United Kingdom
| | - Michalis N. Zervas
- Zepler Institute for Photonics and Nanoelectronics, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, United Kingdom
| | - Philip N. Bartlett
- School of Chemistry, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, United Kingdom
| | - James S. Wilkinson
- Zepler Institute for Photonics and Nanoelectronics, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, United Kingdom
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3
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Formentín P, Marsal LF. Hydrophobic/Oleophilic Structures Based on MacroPorous Silicon: Effect of Topography and Fluoroalkyl Silane Functionalization on Wettability. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 11:670. [PMID: 33803099 PMCID: PMC7998800 DOI: 10.3390/nano11030670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Revised: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The effect of the morphology and chemical composition of a surface on the wettability of porous silicon structures is analyzed in the present work. Hydrophobic and superhydrophobic macroporous substrates are attractive for different potential applications. Herein, different hydrophobic macroporous silicon structures were fabricated by the chemical etching of p-type silicon wafers in a solution based on hydrofluoric acid and coated with a fluoro silane self-assembled monolayer. The surface morphology of the final substrate was characterized using a scanning electron microscope. The wettability was assessed from contact angle measurements using water and organic solvents that present low surface energy. The experimental data were compared with the classical wetting states theoretical models described in the literature. Perfluoro-silane functionalized macroporous silicon surfaces presented systematically higher contact angles than untreated silicon substrates. The influence of porosity on the surface wettability of macoporous silicon structures has been established. These results suggest that the combination of etching conditions with a surface chemistry modification could lead to hydrophobic/oleophilic or superhydrophobic/oleophobic structures.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lluís F. Marsal
- Departament d’Enginyeria Electrònica, Elèctrica i Automàtica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Avinguda Països Catalans, 26 43007 Tarragona, Spain;
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Du YX, Ye L, Song ZJ, Lv H, Liu Q, Li SG, Liu SS, Hong J, Gao Y, Schneider ME, Du WD. Development of a dendrimer PAMAM‑based gold biochip for rapid and sensitive detection of endogenous IFN‑γ and anti‑IFN‑γ IgG in patients with hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis. Mol Med Rep 2020; 22:5369-5377. [PMID: 33173980 PMCID: PMC7647011 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2020.11605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a rare but severe disease characterized by immune hyperactivation and cytokine storm. Given the high mortality rate of HLH, there is a need for more effective diagnostic tools and treatments. The present study developed a dendrimer‑based protein biochip for rapid, sensitive and simultaneous detection of serum interferon (IFN)‑γ and endogenous anti‑IFN‑γ antibody (Ab) in patients with HLH. A gold biochip was modified with 1, 4‑phenylene diisothiocyanate (PDITC), polyamidoamine (PAMAM) or PDITC‑activated PAMAM. The optimal immobilization concentration for Ab capture and the reaction concentration for detecting Ab on the PDITC‑activated PAMAM‑modified biochip were 6.25 and 3.12 µg/ml, respectively; the limit of detection of IFN‑γ protein was 50 pg/ml. The efficiency of the protein‑probed biochip in detecting IFN‑γ and anti‑IFN‑γ Ab in serum samples from 77 patients with HLH was evaluated; the positive rates for IFN‑γ and anti‑IFN‑γ IgG Ab were 63.6% (49/77) and 61.0% (47/77), respectively. The present results demonstrated that the PDITC‑activated PAMAM‑modified biochip might be a sensitive tool for the specific detection of IFN‑γ and anti‑IFN‑γ Ab in serum, and might have clinical applicability for the diagnosis of HLH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Xin Du
- Division of Experimental Anesthesiology, University Hospital Ulm, D‑89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Lei Ye
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, P.R. China
| | - Zi-Jian Song
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xuzhou No. 1 People's Hospital, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221002, P.R. China
| | - Hui Lv
- Department of Biology, School of Life Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, P.R. China
| | - Qian Liu
- Department of Pathology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, P.R. China
| | - Song-Guo Li
- Department of Pathology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, P.R. China
| | - Sheng-Sheng Liu
- Department of Pathology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, P.R. China
| | - Jian Hong
- Department of Haematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, P.R. China
| | - Yi Gao
- Department of Pathology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, P.R. China
| | - Marion E Schneider
- Division of Experimental Anesthesiology, University Hospital Ulm, D‑89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Wei-Dong Du
- Department of Pathology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, P.R. China
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Chocarro-Ruiz B, Herranz S, Fernández Gavela A, Sanchís J, Farré M, Marco MP, Lechuga LM. Interferometric nanoimmunosensor for label-free and real-time monitoring of Irgarol 1051 in seawater. Biosens Bioelectron 2018; 117:47-52. [PMID: 29885579 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2018.05.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2018] [Revised: 05/14/2018] [Accepted: 05/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
An interferometric nanobiosensor for the specific and label-free detection of the pollutant Irgarol 1051 directly in seawater has been settled. Due to the low molecular weight of Irgarol pollutant and its expected low concentration in seawater, the sensor is based on a competitive inhibition immunoassay. Parameters as surface biofunctionalization, concentration of the selective antibody and regeneration conditions have been carefully evaluated. The optimized immunosensor shows a limit of detection of only 3 ng/L, well below the 16 ng/L set by the EU as the maximum allowable concentration in seawater. It can properly operate during 30 assay-regeneration cycles using the same sensor biosurface and with a time-to-result of only 20 min for each cycle. Moreover, the interferometric nanosensor is able to directly detect low concentrations of Irgarol 1051 in seawater without requiring sample pre-treatments and without showing any background signal due to sea matrix effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Blanca Chocarro-Ruiz
- Nanobiosensors and Bioanalytical Applications Group, Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC, BIST and CIBER-BBN, Campus UAB, Ed-ICN2, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sonia Herranz
- Nanobiosensors and Bioanalytical Applications Group, Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC, BIST and CIBER-BBN, Campus UAB, Ed-ICN2, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Adrián Fernández Gavela
- Nanobiosensors and Bioanalytical Applications Group, Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC, BIST and CIBER-BBN, Campus UAB, Ed-ICN2, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josep Sanchís
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA-CSIC), C/ Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marinella Farré
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA-CSIC), C/ Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - M Pilar Marco
- Nanobiotechnology for Diagnostics Group (Nb4D), IQAC-CSIC and CIBER-BBN, C/ Jordi Girona, 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laura M Lechuga
- Nanobiosensors and Bioanalytical Applications Group, Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC, BIST and CIBER-BBN, Campus UAB, Ed-ICN2, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain.
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6
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Abstract
The bimodal waveguide (BiMW) sensor is a novel common path interferometric transducer based on the evanescent field detection principle, which in combination with a bio-recognition element allows the direct detection of biomolecular interactions in a label-free scheme. Due to its inherent high sensitivity it has great potential to become a powerful analytical tool for monitoring substances of interest in areas such as environmental control, medical diagnostics and food safety, among others. The BiMW sensor is fabricated using standard silicon-based technology allowing cost-effective production, and meeting the requirements of portability and disposability necessary for implementation in a point-of-care (POC) setting.In this chapter we describe the design and fabrication of the BiMW transducer, as well as its application for bio-sensing purposes. We show as an example the biosensor capabilities two different applications: (1) the immunodetection of Irgarol 1051 biocide useful in the environmental field, and (2) the detection of human growth hormone as used in clinical diagnostics. The detection is performed in real time by monitoring changes in the intensity pattern of light exiting the BiMW transducer resulting from antigen-antibody interactions on the surface of the sensor.
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7
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González-Guerrero AB, Maldonado J, Dante S, Grajales D, Lechuga LM. Direct and label-free detection of the human growth hormone in urine by an ultrasensitive bimodal waveguide biosensor. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2017; 10:61-67. [PMID: 27669684 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.201600154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2016] [Revised: 08/19/2016] [Accepted: 09/01/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
A label-free interferometric transducer showing a theoretical detection limit for homogeneous sensing of 5 × 10-8 RIU, being equivalent to a protein mass coverage resolution of 2.8 fg mm-2 , is used to develop a high sensitive biosensor for protein detection. The extreme sensitivity of this transducer combined with a selective bioreceptor layer enables the direct evaluation of the human growth hormone (hGH) in undiluted urine matrix in the 10 pg mL-1 range.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Belén González-Guerrero
- Nanobiosensors and Bioanalytical Applications Group, Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC, CIBER-BBN and The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, 08193, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jesús Maldonado
- Nanobiosensors and Bioanalytical Applications Group, Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC, CIBER-BBN and The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, 08193, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Stefania Dante
- Nanobiosensors and Bioanalytical Applications Group, Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC, CIBER-BBN and The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, 08193, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Daniel Grajales
- Nanobiosensors and Bioanalytical Applications Group, Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC, CIBER-BBN and The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, 08193, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laura M Lechuga
- Nanobiosensors and Bioanalytical Applications Group, Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC, CIBER-BBN and The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, 08193, Barcelona, Spain
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8
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Flynn SP, Monaghan R, Bogan J, McKenna M, Cowley A, Daniels S, Hughes G, Kelleher SM. Controlling wettability of PECVD-deposited dual organosilicon/carboxylic acid films to influence DNA hybridisation assay efficiency. J Mater Chem B 2017; 5:8378-8388. [DOI: 10.1039/c7tb01925d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Plasma oxidation of Zeonor and deposition of TEOS/AA thin film showing dual layer effect on the surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. P. Flynn
- National Centre for Plasma Science and Technology
- Glasnevin
- Dublin 9
- Ireland
- School of Chemistry
| | - R. Monaghan
- National Centre for Plasma Science and Technology
- Glasnevin
- Dublin 9
- Ireland
- Biomedical Diagnostic Institute
| | - J. Bogan
- School of Physical Sciences
- Dublin City University
- Dublin 9
- Ireland
| | - M. McKenna
- National Centre for Plasma Science and Technology
- Glasnevin
- Dublin 9
- Ireland
- Biomedical Diagnostic Institute
| | - A. Cowley
- National Centre for Plasma Science and Technology
- Glasnevin
- Dublin 9
- Ireland
| | - S. Daniels
- National Centre for Plasma Science and Technology
- Glasnevin
- Dublin 9
- Ireland
- Biomedical Diagnostic Institute
| | - G. Hughes
- School of Physical Sciences
- Dublin City University
- Dublin 9
- Ireland
| | - S. M. Kelleher
- National Centre for Plasma Science and Technology
- Glasnevin
- Dublin 9
- Ireland
- School of Chemistry
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9
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Yu ZL, Yang CWT, Triffaux E, Doneux T, Turner RFB, Bizzotto D. Measuring and Remediating Nonspecific Modifications of Gold Surfaces Using a Coupled in Situ Electrochemical Fluorescence Microscopic Methodology. Anal Chem 2016; 89:886-894. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.6b03953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhinan Landis Yu
- AMPEL,
Department of Chemistry, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Cheng Wei Tony Yang
- Michael
Smith Laboratories, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
- Department
of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Eleonore Triffaux
- Chimie
Analytique et Chimie des Interfaces, Faculté des Sciences, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), 1050 Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - Thomas Doneux
- Chimie
Analytique et Chimie des Interfaces, Faculté des Sciences, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), 1050 Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - Robin F. B. Turner
- Michael
Smith Laboratories, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
- Department
of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Dan Bizzotto
- AMPEL,
Department of Chemistry, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
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10
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Maldonado J, González-Guerrero AB, Domínguez C, Lechuga LM. Label-free bimodal waveguide immunosensor for rapid diagnosis of bacterial infections in cirrhotic patients. Biosens Bioelectron 2016; 85:310-316. [PMID: 27183281 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2016.04.095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2015] [Revised: 04/27/2016] [Accepted: 04/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis is an acute bacterial infection of ascitic fluid; it has a high incidence in cirrhotic patients and it is associated with high mortality. In such a situation, early diagnosis and treatment is crucial for the survival of the patient. However, bacterial analysis in ascitic fluid is currently based on culture methods, which are time-consuming and laborious. We report here the application of a photonic interferometer biosensor based on a bimodal waveguide (BiMW) for the rapid and label-free detection of bacteria directly in ascitic fluid. The device consists of a straight waveguide in which two modes of the same polarization interfere while interacting with the external medium through their evanescent fields. A bimolecular event occurring on the sensor area of the device (e.g. capturing bacteria) will differently affect each light mode, inducing a variation in the phase of the light exiting at the output of the waveguide. In this work, we demonstrate the quantitative detection of Bacillus cereus in buffer medium and Escherichia coli in undiluted ascitic fluid from cirrhotic patients. In the case of Bacillus cereus detection, the device was able to specifically detect bacteria at relevant concentrations in 12.5min and in the case of Escherichia coli detection, the analysis time was 25min. Extrapolation of the data demonstrated that the detection limits of the biosensor could reach few bacteria per milliliter. Based on the results obtained, we consider that the BiMW biosensor is positioned as a promising new clinical tool for user-friendly, cost-effective and real-time microbiological analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesús Maldonado
- Nanobiosensors and Bioanalytical Applications Group. Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2). CSIC and CIBER-BBN, Campus UAB, Ed-ICN2, 08193 Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Ana Belén González-Guerrero
- Nanobiosensors and Bioanalytical Applications Group. Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2). CSIC and CIBER-BBN, Campus UAB, Ed-ICN2, 08193 Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Carlos Domínguez
- Microelectronic Institute of Barcelona (IMB-CNM), CSIC, Campus UAB, 08193 Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Laura M Lechuga
- Nanobiosensors and Bioanalytical Applications Group. Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2). CSIC and CIBER-BBN, Campus UAB, Ed-ICN2, 08193 Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain.
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11
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Teixeira S, Conlan RS, Guy O, Sales MGF. Novel single-wall carbon nanotube screen-printed electrode as an immunosensor for human chorionic gonadotropin. Electrochim Acta 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2014.05.105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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12
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Park W, Kim MJ, Choe Y, Kim SK, Woo K. Highly photoluminescent superparamagnetic silica composites for on-site biosensors. J Mater Chem B 2014; 2:1938-1944. [DOI: 10.1039/c3tb21331e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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13
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Navarro R, Pérez Perrino M, Prucker O, Rühe J. Preparation of surface-attached polymer layers by thermal or photochemical activation of α-diazoester moieties. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2013; 29:10932-10939. [PMID: 23863133 DOI: 10.1021/la402323k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
We report on the attachment of polymer monolayers or surface-attached, polymer networks onto SiO2 and/or polymer surfaces using thermo- and photoreactive α-diazoester groups. In the prior case, the α-diazoester groups are introduced into the system in the form of self-assembled monolayers of appropriately functionalized silanes. The monolayer decorated substrates are coated by polymer films and the α-diazoester groups in the monolayer are activated by heat or irradiation with UV-light. Upon activation, they cleave off nitrogen and the resulting carbene intermediates insert into C-H bonds of neighboring polymer chains. As a result of this binding process, surface-attached monolayers of the deposited polymer are obtained. When the polymers themselves carry such reactive moieties, the photo- or thermal activation leads to cross-linking of the polymers and thin surface-attached polymer networks result from the same process. The formation of the surface-attached layer is studied as a function of activation conditions, especially the temperature and the wavelength of the light used in the process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Navarro
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Polímeros (CSIC), Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain
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14
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Gubala V, Harris LF, Ricco AJ, Tan MX, Williams DE. Point of Care Diagnostics: Status and Future. Anal Chem 2011; 84:487-515. [DOI: 10.1021/ac2030199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 832] [Impact Index Per Article: 64.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir Gubala
- Biomedical Diagnostics Institute, Dublin City University, Dublin 9, Ireland
| | - Leanne F. Harris
- Biomedical Diagnostics Institute, Dublin City University, Dublin 9, Ireland
| | - Antonio J. Ricco
- Biomedical Diagnostics Institute, Dublin City University, Dublin 9, Ireland
| | - Ming X. Tan
- Biomedical Diagnostics Institute, Dublin City University, Dublin 9, Ireland
| | - David E. Williams
- Biomedical Diagnostics Institute, Dublin City University, Dublin 9, Ireland
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15
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O'Mahony CC, Gubala V, Gandhiraman RP, Daniels S, Yuk JS, MacCraith BD, Williams DE. Improving the sensitivity of immunoassays with PEG-COOH-like film prepared by plasma-based technique. J Biomed Mater Res A 2011; 100:230-5. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.33268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2011] [Revised: 07/09/2011] [Accepted: 07/17/2011] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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