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Zheng D, Guan W, Chen J, Zeng C, Tan S, Chen J, Ma D. Sucrose Stearates Stabilized Oil-in-Water Emulsions: Gastrointestinal Fate, Cell Cytotoxicity and Proinflammatory Effects after Simulated Gastrointestinal Digestion. Foods 2024; 13:175. [PMID: 38201202 PMCID: PMC10778613 DOI: 10.3390/foods13010175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Different structural composition ratios of sucrose stearates with hydrophilic-hydrophobic balance (HLB) values ranging from 1 to 16 on lipolysis in emulsion were investigated using a simulated gastrointestinal tract (GIT). Results showed a direct correlation between the HLB values of sucrose stearates and the lipolysis rate of emulsions, and a lower HLB value led to diminished lipolysis in the GIT simulation model. Mechanism study indicated that poor emulsifying capacity of sucrose stearates and lipolysis of sucrose stearates with lower HLB value inhibited the digestive behavior of oil. In addition, monoester was mainly hydrolyzed in the gastric phase, whereas sucrose polyesters caused lipolysis in the intestinal phase using an in vitro digestive model and HPLC analysis, further suppressing lipid digestion. Furthermore, a decrease in cell cytotoxicity and proinflammatory effects on Caco-2 and Raw264.7 were observed post-digestion, respectively. This work offers important insights into the effects of the degree of esterification of sucrose stearate on lipid digestion behavior in oil-in-water emulsions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danhong Zheng
- Institute for Advanced and Applied Chemical Synthesis, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Weiyan Guan
- College of Packaging Engineering, Jinan University, Zhuhai 519070, China
| | - Jiaqing Chen
- Institute for Advanced and Applied Chemical Synthesis, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Cuicui Zeng
- Institute for Advanced and Applied Chemical Synthesis, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Shen Tan
- Institute for Advanced and Applied Chemical Synthesis, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Jing Chen
- Institute for Advanced and Applied Chemical Synthesis, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Da Ma
- College of Packaging Engineering, Jinan University, Zhuhai 519070, China
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2
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Biosurfactants as foaming agents in calcium phosphate bone cements. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2023; 145:213273. [PMID: 36621196 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2022.213273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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3
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Lu S, Fan X, Wang H, Zhao Y, Zhao W, Li M, Lv R, Wang T, Sun T. Synthesis of Gelatin-Based Dual-Targeted Nanoparticles of Betulinic Acid for Antitumor Therapy. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2020; 3:3518-3525. [PMID: 35025221 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.9b01204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Betulinic acid (BA) is a natural antitumor agent and has biological activity against multiple human tumor cell lines with low cytotoxicity to normal cells, while the high hydrophobicity and the short half-life of this compound limit its clinical application. Here, gelatin-based dual-targeted nanoparticles of BA are promising to solve this problem. Hydrophobic BA is loaded in cyclodextrin to increase its solubility and prolong the circulation time in vivo. The nanoscale drug delivery systems can further enhance the bioavailability and the antitumor effect of BA and are passively targeted to the tumor tissue sites by enhanced permeability and retention effect. The RGD sequence of gelatin specifically recognizes tumor cells and brings agents into tumor cells. The nanoparticles were characterized by transmission electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared, nuclear magnetic resonance, etc. In addition, we observed antitumor activity of the nanoparticles using both cell-based assays and mouse xenograft tumors, which proved that betulinic acid/gelatin-γ-cyclodextrin nanoparticles had a better tumor inhibition effect than betulinic acid/γ-cyclodextrin inclusion compound.
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4
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Wang J, Wang T, Liu X, Lu Y, Geng J. Multiple-responsive supramolecular vesicle based on azobenzene-cyclodextrin host-guest interaction. RSC Adv 2020; 10:18572-18580. [PMID: 35518297 PMCID: PMC9053703 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra02123g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple-responsive supramolecular vesicles have been successfully fabricated by the complexation between β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) and a pH/photo dual-responsive amphiphile 4-(4-(hexyloxy)phenylazo)benzoate sodium (HPB) with azobenzene and carboxylate groups. When mixing β-CD with HPB to reach a host/guest molar ratio of 1 : 1, the azobenzene group of HPB could be spontaneously included by β-CD molecules. Then, the formed inclusion complexes (HPB@β-CD) could self-assemble into vesicles, which was driven by the hydrophobic interaction of the alkyl chain of HPB and the hydrogen bonds between neighboring β-CDs. The reversible assembly/disassembly of the vesicles could be simply regulated under UV or visible light irradiation. The reversible phase transformation between vesicles and microbelts could also be realized by adjusting the pH values of the sample. Adding both competitive guest molecules (1-adamantane carboxylic acid sodium (ADA)) and α-amylase would result in the phase transformation from vesicles to micelles. Moreover, the vesicles would be destroyed when β-CD was continuously added until the ratio of host/guest reached 2 : 1. Such an interesting quintuple-responsive vesicle system reported here not only has potential applications in various fields such as controlled release or drug delivery, but also provides a reference for the design and construction of multiple responsive systems. A quintuple-responsive vesicle system was successfully fabricated by simply mixing HPB with an equal amount of β-CD.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Taiyuan Normal University Jinzhong 030619 China
| | - Ting Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Taiyuan Normal University Jinzhong 030619 China
| | - Xiaohui Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Taiyuan Normal University Jinzhong 030619 China
| | - Yan Lu
- Department of Chemistry, Taiyuan Normal University Jinzhong 030619 China
| | - Jingjing Geng
- Department of Chemistry, Taiyuan Normal University Jinzhong 030619 China
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5
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Chen S, Hanning S, Falconer J, Locke M, Wen J. Recent advances in non-ionic surfactant vesicles (niosomes): Fabrication, characterization, pharmaceutical and cosmetic applications. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2019; 144:18-39. [PMID: 31446046 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2019.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 185] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2019] [Revised: 08/14/2019] [Accepted: 08/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Development of nanocarriers for drug delivery has received considerable attention due to their potential in achieving targeted delivery to the diseased site while sparing the surrounding healthy tissue. Safe and efficient drug delivery has always been a challenge in medicine. During the last decade, a large amount of interest has been drawn on the fabrication of surfactant-based vesicles to improve drug delivery. Niosomes are self-assembled vesicular nano-carriers formed by hydration of non-ionic surfactant, cholesterol or other amphiphilic molecules that serve as a versatile drug delivery system with a variety of applications ranging from dermal delivery to brain-targeted delivery. A large number of research articles have been published reporting their fabrication methods and applications in pharmaceutical and cosmetic fields. Niosomes have the same advantages as liposomes, such as the ability to incorporate both hydrophilic and lipophilic compounds. Besides, niosomes can be fabricated with simple methods, require less production cost and are stable over an extended period, thus overcoming the major drawbacks of liposomes. This review provides a comprehensive summary of niosomal research to date, it provides a detailed overview of the formulation components, types of niosomes, effects of components on the formation of niosomes, fabrication and purification methods, physical characterization techniques of niosomes, recent applications in pharmaceutical field such as in oral, ocular, topical, pulmonary, parental and transmucosal drug delivery, and cosmetic applications. Finally, limitations and the future outlook for this delivery system have also been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, 85 Park Road, Grafton, Auckland 1023, New Zealand
| | - Sara Hanning
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, 85 Park Road, Grafton, Auckland 1023, New Zealand
| | - James Falconer
- School of Pharmacy, University of Queensland, Pharmacy Australia Centre of Excellence, Level 4, 20 Cornwall Street, Woolloongabba, Queensland 4102, Australia
| | - Michelle Locke
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, 85 Park Road, Grafton, Auckland 1023, New Zealand; Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Middlemore Hospital, Counties Manukau District Health Board, Private Bag 93311, Otahuhu, Auckland 1640, New Zealand
| | - Jingyuan Wen
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, 85 Park Road, Grafton, Auckland 1023, New Zealand.
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6
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Curvophilic-curvophobic balance of monoalkyl-mannosides determines the magnitude of disturbance promoted in synthetic bilayers. J Mol Liq 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2019.03.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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7
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A homologous series of apoptosis-inducing N‑acylserinols: Thermotropic phase behavior, interaction with cholesterol and characterization of cationic N‑myristoylserinol-cholesterol-CTAB niosomes. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2019; 1861:504-513. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2018.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2018] [Revised: 12/01/2018] [Accepted: 12/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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8
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Ali I, Shah MR, Yousuf S, Ahmed S, Shah K, Javed I. Hemolytic and cellular toxicology of a sulfanilamide-based nonionic surfactant: a niosomal carrier for hydrophobic drugs. Toxicol Res (Camb) 2018; 7:771-778. [PMID: 30310655 DOI: 10.1039/c8tx00108a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2018] [Accepted: 06/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Biocompatible surfactants are of diverse pharmaceutical interest due to their ability to self-assemble into nano-particulate systems which can be used for single-step drug loading, based upon the hydrophobic-hydrophobic interaction between a hydrophobic drug and the lipophilic part of a surfactant molecule. However, surfactants are associated with cytotoxicity and hemolysis due to their amphiphilic interaction with cellular membranes. This study reports a novel membrane-compatible surfactant, synthesized from sulfanilamide and its self-micellization into niosomes. The surfactant was synthesized in a single step reaction via the introduction of an alkyl chain in the sulfanilamide moiety by conjugation with deconyl chloride. The synthesized surfactant (S-SDC) was characterized by 1H and 13C NMR, mass spectrometry and single crystal XRD. The S-SDC niosomes were explored for drug delivery with clarithromycin as a model drug. The biocompatibility of the surfactant was investigated through hemolysis and cytotoxicity. The surfactant presented a very low critical micellar concentration (CMC) of 0.04 mM and entrapped 65% of the drug which was released in a sustained manner, over 12 h, at acidic and physiological pH. The vesicles were spherical in shape with 234 ± 3.61 nm mean diameter and a narrow size distribution. Niosomes were hemocompatible and nontoxic to cellular membrane. The results suggested the sulfanilamide based surfactant can be applied as a novel and cell membrane compatible niosomal drug delivery vehicle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imdad Ali
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry , International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences , University of Karachi , Karachi 74200 , Pakistan .
| | - Muhammad Raza Shah
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry , International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences , University of Karachi , Karachi 74200 , Pakistan .
| | - Sammer Yousuf
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry , International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences , University of Karachi , Karachi 74200 , Pakistan .
| | - Shakil Ahmed
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry , International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences , University of Karachi , Karachi 74200 , Pakistan .
| | - Kiramat Shah
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry , International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences , University of Karachi , Karachi 74200 , Pakistan .
| | - Ibrahim Javed
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology , Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Monash University , 381 Royal Parade , Parkville , Victoria 3052 , Australia .
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9
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Effects of sucrose ester structures on liposome-mediated gene delivery. Acta Biomater 2018; 72:278-286. [PMID: 29609051 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2018.03.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2017] [Revised: 02/19/2018] [Accepted: 03/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Sucrose esters (SEs) have great potential applications in gene delivery because of their low toxicity, excellent biocompatibility, and biodegradability. By using tripeptide-based lipid (CDO) as a model lipid and SEs as helper lipids, a series of liposomes were prepared. The SEs with hydrophilic-lipophilic balance (HLB) values of 1, 6, 11, or 16 and the fatty acids of laurate, stearate, or oleate were used in the liposomes. We investigated the effect of HLB values of SEs and fatty acid types on gene transfection efficiency and toxicity of liposomes. The results showed that transfection efficiencies of the liposomes containing SEs with HLB value of 6 were superior to other liposomes in HeLa, MCF-7, NCI-H460, and A549 tumor cells. For the same HLB value, liposomes of laurate SEs were preferable to transfect cells compared to SEs of stearate and oleate. The liposomes with SEs showed higher cellular uptake than liposome without SEs (LipoCDO). LipoL12-6/Luc-siRNA treatment on tumor-bearing mice exhibited about 60% in vivo gene silencing of luciferase, and LipoL12-6 could mediate IGF-1R siRNA to greatly inhibit tumor growth. Moreover, liposomes with SEs revealed remarkably low toxicity in vitro and in vivo. The illustration of SE structures on gene delivery will promote the use of SEs for clinical trials of liposomes. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE This article is the first to study the effects of various chain lengths and hydrophilic-lipophilic balance (HLB) of sucrose esters (SEs) on gene transfection efficiency and safety of liposomes for gene delivery. The in vitro delivery of pDNA and siRNA by lipoplexes against HeLa, MCF-7, NCI-H460, and A549 tumor cells showed that the lipoplexes could lead to better transfection and lower cytotoxicity after the addition of SEs. SEs with shorter chain and a median HLB value could provide the liposomes with much higher gene transfection efficiency than others. The in vivo delivery of siRNA to tumor-bearing mice further confirmed that liposome containing laurate SE (LipoL12-6) could be a potential therapeutic vector, as it delivered siRNA to silence nearly 60% of the luciferase in tumors and also greatly inhibited the tumor growth. Therefore, the addition of SEs to liposomes proved to be relatively safe in vitro and in vivo. These preliminary results demonstrated that SEs show great potential for constructing controlled-release systems for gene delivery. The readers will get insights into a series of gene vectors and deepen their understanding about gene delivery.
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10
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Perinelli DR, Lucarini S, Fagioli L, Campana R, Vllasaliu D, Duranti A, Casettari L. Lactose oleate as new biocompatible surfactant for pharmaceutical applications. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2017; 124:55-62. [PMID: 29258912 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2017.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2017] [Revised: 11/20/2017] [Accepted: 12/15/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Sugar fatty acid esters are an interesting class of non-ionic, biocompatible and biodegradable sugar-based surfactants, recently emerged as a valid alternative to the traditional commonly employed (e.g. polysorbates and polyethylene glycol derivatives). By varying the polar head (carbohydrate moiety) and the hydrophobic tail (fatty acid), surfactants with different physico-chemical characteristics can be easily prepared. While many research papers have focused on sucrose derivatives, relatively few studies have been carried out on lactose-based surfactants. In this work, we present the synthesis and the physico-chemical characterization of lactose oleate. The new derivative was obtained by enzymatic mono-esterification of lactose with oleic acid. Thermal, surface, and aggregation properties of the surfactant were studied in detail and the cytotoxicity profile was investigated by MTS and LDH assays on intestinal Caco-2 monolayers. Transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) measurements on Caco-2 cells showed a transient and reversible effect on the tight junctions opening, which correlates with the increased permeability of 4 kDa fluorescein-labelled dextran (as model for macromolecular drugs) in a concentration dependent manner. Moreover, lactose oleate displayed a satisfactory antimicrobial activity over a range of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Overall, the obtained results are promising for a further development of lactose oleate as an intestinal absorption enhancer and/or an alternative biodegradable preservative for pharmaceutical and food applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- D R Perinelli
- School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Via Gentile III da Varano, Camerino (MC) 62032, Italy
| | - S Lucarini
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Piazza del Rinascimento n° 6, Urbino (PU) 61029, Italy
| | - L Fagioli
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Piazza del Rinascimento n° 6, Urbino (PU) 61029, Italy
| | - R Campana
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Piazza del Rinascimento n° 6, Urbino (PU) 61029, Italy
| | - D Vllasaliu
- School of Pharmacy, University of Lincoln, Brayford Pool, Lincoln LN6 7TS, UK
| | - A Duranti
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Piazza del Rinascimento n° 6, Urbino (PU) 61029, Italy
| | - L Casettari
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Piazza del Rinascimento n° 6, Urbino (PU) 61029, Italy.
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11
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Chen M, Liu B, Wang X, Fu Y, Hao J, Li H. Zero-charged catanionic lamellar liquid crystals doped with fullerene C 60 for potential applications in tribology. SOFT MATTER 2017; 13:6250-6258. [PMID: 28812090 DOI: 10.1039/c7sm00800g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The formation of lamellar liquid crystals (LLCs) has been demonstrated in a few salt-free catanionic surfactant systems and their properties have been well documented. However, examples of their combination with other materials are relatively rare. Herein, a salt-free zero-charged catanionic surfactant with low chain melting temperature was prepared by mixing equimolar tetradecyltrimethylammonium oxide (TTAOH) and oleic acid (OA) in water, and its concentration-dependent aggregate transition was investigated. In the dilute region (cTTAO ≤ 5 wt%), fluorescence microscopy observations revealed the formation of vesicles (the Lαv phase). Further increasing cTTAO induced a transition from the Lαv phase to LLCs via a region where vesicles and lamellae coexist. With ordered hydrophobic domains, the LLCs can be used as hosts for the doping of fullerene C60 (refers to C60 hereafter) with the highest C60/TTAO weight ratio of 0.04. The doping of C60 effectively improves the viscoelasticity of the LLCs confirmed by rheological characterization while only slight modifications on their matrixes have been detected using small angle X-ray scattering measurements. The LLC/C60 hybrids with cTTAO = 80 wt% were then subjected to tribological measurements, and an obvious reduction in their friction coefficients and wear volumes was observed. The C60/TTAO weight ratio at which the best tribological performance appears was determined to be 0.01. Our results indicate that the combination of C60 and catanionic LLCs could lead to the appearance of a new generation of environmentally-benign lubricants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengjun Chen
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry & Key Laboratory of Special Aggregated Materials, Shandong University, Ministry of education, Jinan, 250100, China.
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12
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Shin YJ, Shin MJ, Shin JS. Permeation-induced chromatic change of a polydiacetylene vesicle with nonionic surfactant. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2017.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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13
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Ullah S, Shah MR, Shoaib M, Imran M, Shah SWA, Ali I, Ahmed F. Creatinine-based non-phospholipid vesicular carrier for improved oral bioavailability of Azithromycin. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2017; 43:1011-1022. [DOI: 10.1080/03639045.2017.1291667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shafi Ullah
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Malakand, Chakdara, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Raza Shah
- International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Mohammad Shoaib
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Malakand, Chakdara, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Imran
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Malakand, Chakdara, Pakistan
| | | | - Imdad Ali
- International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Farid Ahmed
- International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
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14
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Stagnoli S, Luna MA, Villa CC, Alustiza F, Niebylski A, Moyano F, Correa NM, Falcone RD. Unique catanionic vesicles as a potential “Nano-Taxi” for drug delivery systems. In vitro and in vivo biocompatibility evaluation. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra27020d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
We evaluatein vitroandin vivotoxicity and stability in an acidic environment of new vesicles formed by the catanionic surfactant AOT-BHD in order to investigate their potential application as an oral drug delivery system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soledad Stagnoli
- Departamento de Biología Molecular
- Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto
- C.P. X5804BYA Río Cuarto
- Argentina
| | - M. Alejandra Luna
- Departamento de Química
- Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto
- C.P. X5804BYA Río Cuarto
- Argentina
| | - Cristian C. Villa
- Departamento de Química
- Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto
- C.P. X5804BYA Río Cuarto
- Argentina
| | - Fabrisio Alustiza
- Departamento de Biología Molecular
- Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto
- C.P. X5804BYA Río Cuarto
- Argentina
| | - Ana Niebylski
- Departamento de Biología Molecular
- Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto
- C.P. X5804BYA Río Cuarto
- Argentina
| | - Fernando Moyano
- Departamento de Química
- Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto
- C.P. X5804BYA Río Cuarto
- Argentina
| | - N. Mariano Correa
- Departamento de Química
- Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto
- C.P. X5804BYA Río Cuarto
- Argentina
| | - R. Darío Falcone
- Departamento de Química
- Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto
- C.P. X5804BYA Río Cuarto
- Argentina
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15
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Valdés K, Morales J, Rodríguez L, Günther G. Potential use of nanocarriers with pentacyclic triterpenes in cancer treatments. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2016; 11:3139-3156. [PMID: 27809705 DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2016-0251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Ursolic, oleanolic and betulinic acids are representative pentacyclic triterpenoids found in various plants and fruits. Despite having marked antitumor potentials, the very poor water solubility of these triterpenes hinders treatment development. Nanotechnology can enhance solubility, stability, bioavailability and phytochemical delivery, improving the therapeutic efficiency of triterpenes. This review focuses on the formulation, characterization and in vitro/in vivo evaluation of several delivery nanosystems used to enhance the physicochemical properties of ursolic, oleanolic and betulinic acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karina Valdés
- Departamento de Ciencias y Tecnología Farmacéutica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Javier Morales
- Departamento de Ciencias y Tecnología Farmacéutica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Lennin Rodríguez
- Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad Nacional de Trujillo, Trujillo, Perú
| | - Germán Günther
- Departamento de Química Orgánica y Fisicoquímica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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16
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Imran M, Shah MR, Ullah F, Ullah S, Elhissi AMA, Nawaz W, Ahmad F, Sadiq A, Ali I. Sugar-based novel niosomal nanocarrier system for enhanced oral bioavailability of levofloxacin. Drug Deliv 2016; 23:3653-3664. [DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2016.1214991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Imran
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Malakand, Khyber Pakhtoonkhwa, Pakistan,
| | - Muhammad Raza Shah
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, Karachi University, Karachi, Pakistan,
| | - Farhat Ullah
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Malakand, Khyber Pakhtoonkhwa, Pakistan,
| | - Shafi Ullah
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Malakand, Khyber Pakhtoonkhwa, Pakistan,
| | | | - Waqas Nawaz
- School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Farid Ahmad
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, Karachi University, Karachi, Pakistan,
| | - Abdul Sadiq
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Malakand, Khyber Pakhtoonkhwa, Pakistan,
| | - Imdad Ali
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, Karachi University, Karachi, Pakistan,
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Imran M, Shah MR, Ullah F, Ullah S, Sadiq A, Ali I, Ahmed F, Nawaz W. Double-tailed acyl glycoside niosomal nanocarrier for enhanced oral bioavailability of Cefixime. ARTIFICIAL CELLS NANOMEDICINE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 2016; 45:1440-1451. [DOI: 10.1080/21691401.2016.1246451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Imran
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Malakand, Chakdara, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Raza Shah
- HEJ Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, Karachi University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Farhat Ullah
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Malakand, Chakdara, Pakistan
| | - Shafi Ullah
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Malakand, Chakdara, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Sadiq
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Malakand, Chakdara, Pakistan
| | - Imdad Ali
- HEJ Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, Karachi University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Farid Ahmed
- HEJ Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, Karachi University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Waqas Nawaz
- School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
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Ullah S, Shah MR, Shoaib M, Imran M, Elhissi AMA, Ahmad F, Ali I, Shah SWA. Development of a biocompatible creatinine-based niosomal delivery system for enhanced oral bioavailability of clarithromycin. Drug Deliv 2016; 23:3480-3491. [PMID: 27247018 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2016.1196768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Abstract
CONTEXT Nonionic surfactant vesicles have gained increasing scientific attention for hydrophobic drugs delivery due to their biocompatibility, stability and low cost. OBJECTIVE The aim of the present study was to synthesize and evaluate a novel creatinine-based nonionic surfactant in terms of its ability to generate biocompatible niosomal system for the delivery of Clarithromycin. MATERIALS AND METHODS The surfactant was synthesized by reacting creatinine with lauroyl chloride followed by characterization using 1HNMR and MS. The drug-loaded niosomal vesicles of the surfactant were characterized for drug encapsulation efficiency (EE) using LC-MS, vesicle size using dynamic light scattering (DLS) and vesicle shape using atomic force microscopy (AFM). The surfactant was also investigated for blood hemolysis, in vitro cytotoxicity against different cell lines and in vivo acute toxicity in mice. Furthermore, the in vivo bioavailability of Clarithromycin encapsulated in the novel niosomal formulation was investigated using rabbits and quantified through validated LC-MS/MS method. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Findings showed that vesicles were able to entrap up to 67.82 ± 1.27% of the drug, and were rounded in shape with a size around 202.73 ± 5.30 nm and low polydispersity. The surfactant caused negligible blood hemolysis, very low cytotoxicity and was found to be safe up to 2500 mg/kg body weight using mice. The niosomal formulation showed twofold enhanced oral bioavailability of Clarithromycin as compared to commercial formulations of the drug. CONCLUSION The study has shown that the creatinine-based niosomes developed in our laboratory were biocompatible, safe and increased the oral bioavailability of the model hydrophobic Clarithromycin using experimental animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shafi Ullah
- a Department of Pharmacy , University of Malakand , Chakdara, Khyber Pakhtoonkhwa , Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Raza Shah
- b HEJ Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, Karachi University , Karachi , Pakistan , and
| | - Mohammad Shoaib
- a Department of Pharmacy , University of Malakand , Chakdara, Khyber Pakhtoonkhwa , Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Imran
- a Department of Pharmacy , University of Malakand , Chakdara, Khyber Pakhtoonkhwa , Pakistan
| | | | - Farid Ahmad
- b HEJ Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, Karachi University , Karachi , Pakistan , and
| | - Imdad Ali
- b HEJ Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, Karachi University , Karachi , Pakistan , and
| | - Syed Wadood Ali Shah
- a Department of Pharmacy , University of Malakand , Chakdara, Khyber Pakhtoonkhwa , Pakistan
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Imran M, Shah MR, Ullah F, Ullah S, Elhissi AM, Nawaz W, Ahmad F, Sadiq A, Ali I. Glycoside-based niosomal nanocarrier for enhanced in-vivo performance of Cefixime. Int J Pharm 2016; 505:122-32. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2016.03.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2015] [Revised: 03/22/2016] [Accepted: 03/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Grimaldi N, Andrade F, Segovia N, Ferrer-Tasies L, Sala S, Veciana J, Ventosa N. Lipid-based nanovesicles for nanomedicine. Chem Soc Rev 2016; 45:6520-6545. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cs00409a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 180] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Multifunctional lipid-based nanovesicles (L-NVs) prepared by molecular self-assembly of membrane components together with (bio)-active molecules, by means of compressed CO2-media or other non-conventional methods lead to highly homogeneous, tailor-made nanovesicles that are used for advanced nanomedicine. Confocal microscopy image of siRNA transfection using L-NVs, reprinted with permission from de Jonge,et al.,Gene Therapy, 2006,13, 400–411.
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Affiliation(s)
- N. Grimaldi
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC)
- Campus Universitari de Bellaterra
- Cerdanyola del Vallès
- Spain
- Nanomol Technologies SA
| | - F. Andrade
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC)
- Campus Universitari de Bellaterra
- Cerdanyola del Vallès
- Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Bioingeniería
| | - N. Segovia
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC)
- Campus Universitari de Bellaterra
- Cerdanyola del Vallès
- Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Bioingeniería
| | - L. Ferrer-Tasies
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC)
- Campus Universitari de Bellaterra
- Cerdanyola del Vallès
- Spain
- Nanomol Technologies SA
| | - S. Sala
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC)
- Campus Universitari de Bellaterra
- Cerdanyola del Vallès
- Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Bioingeniería
| | - J. Veciana
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC)
- Campus Universitari de Bellaterra
- Cerdanyola del Vallès
- Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Bioingeniería
| | - N. Ventosa
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC)
- Campus Universitari de Bellaterra
- Cerdanyola del Vallès
- Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Bioingeniería
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Zhang S, Ding S, Yu J, Chen X, Lei Q, Fang W. Antibacterial Activity, in Vitro Cytotoxicity, and Cell Cycle Arrest of Gemini Quaternary Ammonium Surfactants. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2015; 31:12161-12169. [PMID: 26474336 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.5b01430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Twelve gemini quaternary ammonium surfactants have been employed to evaluate the antibacterial activity and in vitro cytotoxicity. The antibacterial effects of the gemini surfactants are performed on Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) with minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) ranging from 2.8 to 167.7 μM. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis results show that these surfactants interact with the bacterial cell membrane, disrupt the integrity of the membrane, and consequently kill the bacteria. The data recorded on C6 glioma and HEK293 human kidney cell lines using an MTT assay exhibit low half inhibitory concentrations (IC50). The influences of the gemini surfactants on the cell morphology, the cell migration ability, and the cell cycle are observed through hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining, cell wound healing assay, and flow cytometric analyses, respectively. Both the values of MIC and IC50 decrease against the growth of the alkyl chain length of the gemini surfactants with the same spacer group. In the case of surfactants 12-s-12, the MICs and IC50s are found to decrease slightly with the spacer chain length changing from 2 to 8 and again to increase at higher spacer length (s = 10-12). All of the gemini surfactants show great antibacterial activity and cytotoxicity, and they might exhibit potential applications in medical fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Shiping Ding
- School of Medicine, Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jing Yu
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Xuerui Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Qunfang Lei
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Wenjun Fang
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310027, China
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pH-responsive vesicles from supra-amphiphiles based on dynamic imine bond. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2015.07.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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Aramaki K, Yamada J, Tsukijima Y, Maehara T, Aburano D, Sakanishi Y, Kitao K. Formation of bilayer membrane and niosomes by double-tailed polyglyceryl-type nonionic surfactant. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2015; 31:10664-10671. [PMID: 26355349 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.5b02454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Vesicles with synthetic nonionic surfactants are called niosomes or NSVs, and these have been the focus of attention as an alternative to phospholipid liposomes as drug carriers. Especially it is demanded to discover novel niosomal systems with polyol-type nonionic surfactants from the viewpoint of environmental aspects. In this paper, a novel series of double-tailed nonionic surfactants, polyglyceryl dialkyl ethers, (C12)2Gn (n = 2.3, 5.4, 9.4, and 13.8), was synthesized, and its aqueous phase behavior and niosome formation were studied. Because of its double-tailed molecular structure, a lamellar liquid crystalline phase was dominant in the binary phase diagrams for different polyglyceryl chain lengths. The single lamellar liquid crystalline phase region was expanded as the polymerization degree in the hydrophilic moiety increased. Small-angle X-ray scattering spectra revealed the lamellar structure for the (C12)2G2.3 was extremely loose. Molecular packing in the lamellar phase was analyzed except for the (C12)2G2.3 system by using a geometrical model of the lamellar phase. The effective cross-sectional area per molecule at the interface increased extensively as dilution for the (C12)2G13.8 system but remained almost unchanged for the (C12)2G5.4 system. From the molecular parameters, water-holding ability in the lamellar phase was evaluated, and the results indicated strong hydration ability of the long polyglyceryl chain. In a dilute region, micron-sized giant niosomes and small niosomes of about 100 nm were formulated by vortex mixing and ultrasonication, respectively. The multilamellar structure of the small niosomes was confirmed by transmission electron microscopy. Cholesterol addition in the present surfactant lamellar phase induced the phase transition to the liquid ordered phase, which is the same phenomenon in a phospholipid-cholesterol mixture. The stability of niosomes with/without cholesterol was monitored by the niosome size change. In both cases, the niosomes were stable for at least 100 days.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Aramaki
- Graduate School of Environment and Information Sciences, Yokohama National University , Tokiwadai 79-7, Hodogaya-ku, Yokohama 240-8501, Japan
| | - Junya Yamada
- Graduate School of Environment and Information Sciences, Yokohama National University , Tokiwadai 79-7, Hodogaya-ku, Yokohama 240-8501, Japan
| | - Yoshitomo Tsukijima
- Graduate School of Environment and Information Sciences, Yokohama National University , Tokiwadai 79-7, Hodogaya-ku, Yokohama 240-8501, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Maehara
- R&D Center, Organic Chemical Products Company, DAICEL Corporation , 1239 Shinzaike, Aboshi-ku, Himeji-shi, 671-1283, Japan
| | - Daisuke Aburano
- R&D Center, Organic Chemical Products Company, DAICEL Corporation , 1239 Shinzaike, Aboshi-ku, Himeji-shi, 671-1283, Japan
| | - Yuichi Sakanishi
- R&D Center, Organic Chemical Products Company, DAICEL Corporation , 1239 Shinzaike, Aboshi-ku, Himeji-shi, 671-1283, Japan
| | - Kyuhei Kitao
- R&D Center, Organic Chemical Products Company, DAICEL Corporation , 1239 Shinzaike, Aboshi-ku, Himeji-shi, 671-1283, Japan
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Cury TAC, Yoneda JS, Zuliani JP, Soares AM, Stábeli RG, Calderon LDA, Ciancaglini P. Cinnamic acid derived compounds loaded into liposomes: antileishmanial activity, production standardisation and characterisation. J Microencapsul 2015; 32:467-77. [PMID: 26052723 DOI: 10.3109/02652048.2015.1046518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Synthetic compounds derived from cinnamic acid were tested in cultures containing the promastigote form of Leishmania amazonensis and the dimethylsulphoxide solution of B2 compound (2.0 mg/mL) led to a 92% decrease of leishmania in 96 h of treatment. Then, different liposomal systems (diameters ∼200 nm) were prepared by the extrusion method in the presence and absence of compounds studied. DSC thermograms of the liposomes in the presence of these compounds caused changes in ΔH, Tm and ΔT1/2, compared to controls, indicating that there was an interaction of the compounds with the lipid bilayer. Assays with negatively charged liposomal systems containing these drugs in L. amazonensis cultures led to a 50-80% decrease in the number of leishmanias with a concentration to 100 times lower when compared to the B2 initial test. These liposomal systems are promoting more interaction and delivery of the compounds and proved to be an efficient, stable and promising system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thuanny Alexandra Campos Cury
- Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto (FFCLRP), Universidade de São Paulo , Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo , Brazil
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25
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Crucho CI, Barros MT. Formulation of functionalized PLGA polymeric nanoparticles for targeted drug delivery. POLYMER 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2015.04.083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Sandoval C, Ortega A, Sanchez SA, Morales J, Gunther G. Structuration in the interface of direct and reversed micelles of sucrose esters, studied by fluorescent techniques. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0123669. [PMID: 25905632 PMCID: PMC4408079 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0123669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2014] [Accepted: 03/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Reactors found in nature can be described as micro-heterogeneous systems, where media involved in each micro-environment can behave in a markedly different way compared with the properties of the bulk solution. The presence of water molecules in micro-organized assemblies is of paramount importance for many chemical processes, ranging from biology to environmental science. Self-organized molecular assembled systems are frequently used to study dynamics of water molecules because are the simplest models mimicking biological membranes. The hydrogen bonds between sucrose and water molecules are described to be stronger (or more extensive) than the ones between water molecules themselves. In this work, we studied the capability of sucrose moiety, attached to alkyl chains of different length, as a surface blocking agent at the water-interface and we compared its properties with those of polyethylenglycol, a well-known agent used for this purposes. Published studies in this topic mainly refer to the micellization process and the stability of mixed surfactant systems using glycosides. We are interested in the effect induced by the presence of sucrose monoesters at the interface (direct and reverse micelles) and at the palisade (mixtures with Triton X-100). We believe that the different functional group (ester), the position of alkyl chain (6-O) and the huge capability of sucrose to interact with water will dramatically change the water structuration at the interface and at the palisade, generating new possibilities for technological applications of these systems. RESULTS Our time resolved and steady state fluorescence experiments in pure SEs micelles show that sucrose moieties are able to interact with a high number of water molecules promoting water structuration and increased viscosity. These results also indicate that the barrier formed by sucrose moieties on the surface of pure micelles is more effective than the polyoxyethylene palisade of Triton X-100. The fluorescence quenching experiments of SEs at the palisade of Triton X-100 micelles indicate a blocking effect dependent on the number of methylene units present in the hydrophobic tail of the surfactant. A remarkable blocking effect is observed when there is a match in size between the hydrophobic regions forming the apolar core (lauryl SE/ Triton X-100). This blocking effect disappears when a mismatch in size between hydrophobic tails, exists due to the disturbing effect on the micelle core.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catalina Sandoval
- Departamento de Química Orgánica y Fisicoquímica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Anakenna Ortega
- Departamento de Química Orgánica y Fisicoquímica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Susana A. Sanchez
- Departamento de Polímeros, Facultad de Química, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Javier Morales
- Departamento de Ciencias y Tecnología Farmacéuticas, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - German Gunther
- Departamento de Química Orgánica y Fisicoquímica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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Rationale employment of cell culture versus conventional techniques in pharmaceutical appraisal of nanocarriers. J Control Release 2014; 194:92-102. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2014.08.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2014] [Revised: 08/20/2014] [Accepted: 08/21/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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