Khorasani AC, Satvati PR. Reusable cellulose-based biosorbents for efficient iodine adsorption by economic microcrystalline cellulose production from walnut shell.
Int J Biol Macromol 2024;
256:128432. [PMID:
38013070 DOI:
10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.128432]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
Sustainable management of walnut shell (WS) for the extraction of cellulose and preparation of cellulose-based biosorbents of iodine was carried out as a new approach to simultaneously solve the environmental challenge of agricultural solid waste and iodine-contaminated water. A rapid recyclable nitric acid treatment and NaOH-H2O2 alkaline-peroxide treatment of WS (33 % cellulose) extracted pure microcrystalline (Cac) and impure cellulose (Cal) with a 21.70 % and 47.37 % isolation yield, respectively. The techno-economic assessment of cellulose production showed a net profit of 9.02 $/kg for Cac, whereas it was estimated as negative for Cal. The simultaneous carbonization and magnetization of Cac at 550 °C resulted in an amorphous, magnetic cellulose-derived biochar (MB550Cac) with a BET specific surface area of 12.64 m2/g, decorated with scattered irregular Fe3O4 microparticles. The adsorption capacity of MB550Cac for iodine was 555.63 mg/g, which was lost only 17.45 % after six successful cycles of regeneration. Freundlich isotherm model sufficiently described the reversible iodine adsorption on the heterogenous surface. The adsorption kinetics followed the pseudo-second-order model. Further, the adsorption thermodynamics demonstrated spontaneous and favorable adsorption. These findings suggest the valorization of WS to commercially produce cellulose and MB550Cac as a sustainable, efficient biosorbent with a good application prospect in wastewater treatment.
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