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Kovács I, Gál BI, Horváth Z, Demeter I, Rózsa S, Janka Z, Urbán R, Demetrovics Z, Andó B. Externalizing personality characteristics define clinically relevant subgroups of alcohol use disorder. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0265577. [PMID: 35303035 PMCID: PMC8932598 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0265577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Higher levels of externalizing characteristics, i.e. impulsivity, novelty seeking and aggression, could contribute to the development, progression and severity of alcohol use disorder (AUD). The present study aims to explore whether these externalizing characteristics together have a potential group-forming role in AUD using latent profile analysis (LPA). METHODS Externalizing characteristics of 102 AUD patients were analyzed using LPA to explore the group-forming role of externalizing symptoms; groups were compared in terms of demographic and alcohol-related variables, indices of psychopathological, depressive and anxiety symptom severity. RESULTS LPA revealed and supported a two-group model based on externalizing symptoms. The group with higher levels of externalizing symptoms showed significantly elevated levels of alcohol-related and anxio-depressive symptoms. CONCLUSIONS Externalizing characteristics converge and have a group-forming role in chronic AUD, and are associated with a more severe form of AUD. By making the diagnostic category less heterogeneous, these different subtypes within AUD may provide aid in tailoring treatments to patients' specific needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ildikó Kovács
- Department of Psychiatry, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
- * E-mail: (IK); (BA)
| | - Bernadett I. Gál
- Department of Psychiatry, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Zsolt Horváth
- Doctoral School of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
- Institute of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Ildikó Demeter
- Department of Psychiatry, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Sándor Rózsa
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States of America
- Institute of Psychology, Károli Gáspár University of the Reformed Church in Hungary, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zoltán Janka
- Department of Psychiatry, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Róbert Urbán
- Institute of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zsolt Demetrovics
- Institute of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
- Centre of Excellence in Responsible Gaming, University of Gibraltar, Gibraltar, Gibraltar
| | - Bálint Andó
- Department of Psychiatry, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
- * E-mail: (IK); (BA)
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Wieczorek Ł, Dąbrowska K. Unsatisfied treatment needs of people with comorbid alcohol/drug use and gambling disorder. JOURNAL OF SUBSTANCE USE 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/14659891.2021.2010138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Łukasz Wieczorek
- Department of Studies on Alcoholism and Drug Dependence, Institute of Psychiatry and Neurology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Dąbrowska
- Department of Studies on Alcoholism and Drug Dependence, Institute of Psychiatry and Neurology, Warsaw, Poland
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Velotti P, Rogier G, Beomonte Zobel S, Billieux J. Association between gambling disorder and emotion (dys)regulation: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Psychol Rev 2021; 87:102037. [PMID: 34022642 DOI: 10.1016/j.cpr.2021.102037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to provide a comprehensive evaluation of the role of emotion (dys)regulation in gambling disorder (GD). PsycINFO, PsycARTICLES, MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science, and PubMed were systematically searched for articles published until November 3, 2020. Forty-nine studies were considered for the systematic review; of these, 38 comprising 5242 participants met the inclusion criteria for the meta-analysis. Associations were found between GD and specific emotion regulation (ER) deficits, namely (1) nonacceptance of negative emotional states, (2) difficulties in maintaining goal-directed behaviors when faced with intense emotional contexts, (3) lack of clarity about emotional states (poor emotional awareness), (4) low impulse control in reaction to negative emotional states, and (5) difficulties in accessing adaptive ER strategies. We furthermore found that GD is associated with a tendency for emotional suppression, which is known as a maladaptive ER strategy and linked with reduced mindfulness abilities. Additional moderator analyses were conducted regarding age, gender, type of instrument used to measure GD, clinical status of the samples, and quality of the studies. Overall, the data demonstrated consistent and significant associations between GD and ER. This systematic review and meta-analysis mostly supports the conceptualization of GD as an addictive disorder characterized by ER deficits and stresses the need to develop interventions in ER deficits that are tailored to the specificities of GD.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Velotti
- Department of Dynamic and Clinical Psychology, Health Studies, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy.
| | - G Rogier
- Department of Dynamic and Clinical Psychology, Health Studies, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
| | - S Beomonte Zobel
- Department of Dynamic and Clinical Psychology, Health Studies, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
| | - J Billieux
- Institute of Psychology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland; Centre for Excessive Gambling, Addiction Medicine, Lausanne University Hospitals (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
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Grall-Bronnec M, Guillou-Landreat M, Caillon J, Dubertret C, Romo L, Codina I, Chereau-Boudet I, Lancon C, Auriacombe M, JEU-Group, Hardouin JB, Challet-Bouju G. Five-year follow-up on a sample of gamblers: predictive factors of relapse. J Behav Addict 2021; 10:42-54. [PMID: 33793415 PMCID: PMC8969856 DOI: 10.1556/2006.2021.00009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Revised: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Few studies have been conducted on the long-term evolution of gambling disorder (GD). The aim of this study was to identify factors that could predict GD relapse. METHODS Data were part of a dataset from a large 5-year cohort of gamblers who were assessed at inclusion and each year thereafter. Participants were recruited from an outpatient addiction treatment center, from various gambling places and through the press. For this specific study, inclusion criteria included (i) transitioning from GD to recovery at a follow-up time and (ii) undergoing at least one follow-up visit afterwards. Participants were evaluated using a structured clinical interview and self-report questionnaires assessing sociodemographic, gambling and clinical characteristics. "Relapse" was defined as the presence of GD (according to the DSM-5) at the N+1th visit following the absence of GD at the Nth visit. A Markov model-based approach was employed to examine predictive factors associated with relapse at a subsequent follow-up visit. RESULTS The sample consisted of 87 participants, aged 47.6 years (sd = 12.6), who were predominantly male (65%). Among the participants, 49 remained in recovery, whereas 38 relapsed. Participants who reported not having experienced at least one month of abstinence and those with a low level of self-directedness at the previous follow-up visit were more likely to relapse. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest the existence of factors that are predictive of relapse in individuals with GD who had previously achieved recovery. These results can inspire the development of measures to promote long-term recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Grall-Bronnec
- Department of Addictology and Psychiatry, CHU Nantes, Nantes, France,Université de Nantes, Université de Tours, Inserm U1246, Nantes, France,Corresponding author. E-mail:
| | - Morgane Guillou-Landreat
- Department of Addictology, CHU Brest, Brest, France,Université de Bretagne Occidentale, ERCR SPURBO, Brest, France
| | - Julie Caillon
- Department of Addictology and Psychiatry, CHU Nantes, Nantes, France,Université de Nantes, Université de Tours, Inserm U1246, Nantes, France
| | - Caroline Dubertret
- Institute of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, INSERM UMR1266, Université de Paris, Team 1, Paris, France,Department of Psychiatry, AP-HP, Louis Mourier Hospital, Colombes, France
| | - Lucia Romo
- Department of Psychology, Université Paris Nanterre, EA 4430 CLIPSYD, Nanterre, France,CMME, GHU Paris Psychiatrie et Neurosciences, INSERM U1266, Paris, France
| | - Irène Codina
- Marmottan Medical Center, GPS Perray-Vaucluse, Paris, France
| | | | - Christophe Lancon
- Centre d'études et de recherches sur les services de santé et la qualité de vie, Université de la Méditerranée, Marseille, France
| | - Marc Auriacombe
- University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France,Addiction Team, Sleep Addiction and Neuropsychiatry Laboratory (SANPSY), CNRS USR 3413, Bordeaux, France,Pôle Addictologie, CH Charles Perrens and CHU de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | | | - Jean-Benoit Hardouin
- Université de Nantes, Université de Tours, Inserm U1246, Nantes, France,Methodology and Biostatistic Department, CHU Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Gaëlle Challet-Bouju
- Department of Addictology and Psychiatry, CHU Nantes, Nantes, France,Université de Nantes, Université de Tours, Inserm U1246, Nantes, France
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