1
|
Luo L, Guo R, Wang L, Song X, Wang Z, Wu J. A novel fluorescent probe with a large Stokes shift for colorimetric and selective detection of cysteine in water, milk, cucumber, pear and tomato. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2024; 16:2322-2329. [PMID: 38533729 DOI: 10.1039/d3ay02322b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
Cysteine is an important amino acid that is related to human health and food safety. How to effectively detect Cys in food has received widespread attention. Compared with other methods, fluorescent probes have the advantages of simple operation, high sensitivity, and good selectivity. Therefore, a selective fluorescence probe 2 for Cys in food was designed and synthesized. Probe 2 employed the acrylate group as a thiol-recognition site for Cys, which endowed probe 2 with better selectivity for Cys over Hcy and GSH. The recognition pathway underwent Michael addition, intramolecular cyclization, and concomitant release of the piperideine-based fluorophore, along with a chromogenic change from yellow to orange. This pathway was supported by 1H NMR analysis and DFT calculations. In addition, probe 2 displays a linear response to Cys concentrations (0-30 μM), low detection limit (0.89 μM), and large Stokes shift (125 nm). Overall, probe 2 showed great application potential for the quantitative determination of Cys in water, milk, cucumber, pear and tomato.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lin Luo
- Green Catalysis Center and College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, P. R. China.
| | - Ranran Guo
- Green Catalysis Center and College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, P. R. China.
| | - Lianjie Wang
- Green Catalysis Center and College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, P. R. China.
| | - Xixi Song
- Green Catalysis Center and College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, P. R. China.
| | - Zhao Wang
- Green Catalysis Center and College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, P. R. China.
- College of Food and Biological Engineering, Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy, Zhengzhou, 450046, P. R. China.
| | - Junliang Wu
- Green Catalysis Center and College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, P. R. China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Martinez-Banaclocha MA. Targeting the Cysteine Redox Proteome in Parkinson's Disease: The Role of Glutathione Precursors and Beyond. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1373. [PMID: 37507913 PMCID: PMC10376658 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12071373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Encouraging recent data on the molecular pathways underlying aging have identified variants and expansions of genes associated with DNA replication and repair, telomere and stem cell maintenance, regulation of the redox microenvironment, and intercellular communication. In addition, cell rejuvenation requires silencing some transcription factors and the activation of pluripotency, indicating that hidden molecular networks must integrate and synchronize all these cellular mechanisms. Therefore, in addition to gene sequence expansions and variations associated with senescence, the optimization of transcriptional regulation and protein crosstalk is essential. The protein cysteinome is crucial in cellular regulation and plays unexpected roles in the aging of complex organisms, which show cumulative somatic mutations, telomere attrition, epigenetic modifications, and oxidative dysregulation, culminating in cellular senescence. The cysteine thiol groups are highly redox-active, allowing high functional versatility as structural disulfides, redox-active disulfides, active-site nucleophiles, proton donors, and metal ligands to participate in multiple regulatory sites in proteins. Also, antioxidant systems control diverse cellular functions, including the transcription machinery, which partially depends on the catalytically active cysteines that can reduce disulfide bonds in numerous target proteins, driving their biological integration. Since we have previously proposed a fundamental role of cysteine-mediated redox deregulation in neurodegeneration, we suggest that cellular rejuvenation of the cysteine redox proteome using GSH precursors, like N-acetyl-cysteine, is an underestimated multitarget therapeutic approach that would be particularly beneficial in Parkinson's disease.
Collapse
|
3
|
Dong WC, Guo JL, Jiang XH, Xu L, Wang H, Ni XY, Zhang YZ, Zhang ZQ, Jiang Y. A more accurate indicator to evaluate oxidative stress in rat plasma with osteoporosis. RSC Adv 2023; 13:1267-1277. [PMID: 36686958 PMCID: PMC9813688 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra05572d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: oxidative stress is linked to various human diseases which developed into the idea of "disrupted redox signaling". Osteoporosis (OP) is a chronic skeletal disorder characterized by low bone mineral density and deterioration of bone microarchitecture among which estrogen deficiency is the main cause. Lack of estrogen leads to the imbalance between oxidation and anti-oxidation in patients, and oxidative stress is an important link in the pathogenesis of OP. The ratio of the reduced to the oxidized thiols can characterize the redox status. However, few methods have been reported for the simultaneous determination of reduced forms and their oxidized forms of thiols in plasma. Methods: we developed a hollow fiber centrifugal ultrafiltration (HFCF-UF) method for sample preparation and validated a high-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS) method to determine two reduced forms of thiols-homocysteine (Hcy), cysteine (Cys) levels and their respective oxidized compounds, homocystine (HHcy) and cystine (Cyss) in rat plasma simultaneously for the first time. Thirty-six female rats were randomly divided into three groups: normal control (NC), oxidative stress (ovariectomy, OVX) and ovariectomy with hydrogen-rich saline administration (OVX + HRS). Results: the validation parameters for the methodological results were within the acceptance criteria. There were both significant differences of Hcy/HHcy (Hcy reduced/oxidized) and Cys/Cyss (Cys reduced/oxidized) in rat plasma between three groups with both p < 0.05 and meanwhile, the p values of malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase were all less than 0.01. The value of both Hcy/HHcy and Cys/Cyss were significantly decreased with the change of Micro-CT scan result of femoral neck in OVX group (both the trabecular thickness and trabecular number significantly decreased with a significant increase of trabecular separation) which demonstrate OP occurs. The change of Hcy/HHcy is more obvious and prominent than Cys/Cyss. Conclusions: the Hcy/HHcy and Cys/Cyss could be suitable biomarkers for oxidative stress and especially Hcy/HHcy is more sensitive. The developed method is simple and accurate. It can be easily applied in clinical research to further evaluate the oxidative stress indicator for disease risk factors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Chong Dong
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University215# Heping West RoadShijiazhuangHebei Province 050051China,Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Hebei Medical University361# East Zhongshan RoadShijiazhuangHebei Province 050017China
| | - Jia-Liang Guo
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University139# Ziqiang RoadShijiazhuangHebei Province 050000China
| | - Xin-Hui Jiang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Aerospace Central HospitalBeijing 100049China
| | - Lei Xu
- Department of Neurology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical UniversityShijiazhuangHebei Province 050051China
| | - Huan Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Hebei Medical University361# East Zhongshan RoadShijiazhuangHebei Province 050017China
| | - Xiao-yu Ni
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Hebei Medical University361# East Zhongshan RoadShijiazhuangHebei Province 050017China
| | - Ying-Ze Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University139# Ziqiang RoadShijiazhuangHebei Province 050000China
| | - Zhi-Qing Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University215# Heping West RoadShijiazhuangHebei Province 050051China
| | - Ye Jiang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Hebei Medical University361# East Zhongshan RoadShijiazhuangHebei Province 050017China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Development and application of a fluorescence turn-on probe for the nanomolar cysteine detection in serum and milk samples. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2022.114074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
|
5
|
Martinez-Banaclocha M. N-Acetyl-Cysteine: Modulating the Cysteine Redox Proteome in Neurodegenerative Diseases. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11020416. [PMID: 35204298 PMCID: PMC8869501 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11020416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Revised: 02/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
In the last twenty years, significant progress in understanding the pathophysiology of age-associated neurodegenerative diseases has been made. However, the prevention and treatment of these diseases remain without clinically significant therapeutic advancement. While we still hope for some potential genetic therapeutic approaches, the current reality is far from substantial progress. With this state of the issue, emphasis should be placed on early diagnosis and prompt intervention in patients with increased risk of neurodegenerative diseases to slow down their progression, poor prognosis, and decreasing quality of life. Accordingly, it is urgent to implement interventions addressing the psychosocial and biochemical disturbances we know are central in managing the evolution of these disorders. Genomic and proteomic studies have shown the high molecular intricacy in neurodegenerative diseases, involving a broad spectrum of cellular pathways underlying disease progression. Recent investigations indicate that the dysregulation of the sensitive-cysteine proteome may be a concurrent pathogenic mechanism contributing to the pathophysiology of major neurodegenerative diseases, opening new therapeutic opportunities. Considering the incidence and prevalence of these disorders and their already significant burden in Western societies, they will become a real pandemic in the following decades. Therefore, we propose large-scale investigations, in selected groups of people over 40 years of age with decreased blood glutathione levels, comorbidities, and/or mild cognitive impairment, to evaluate supplementation of the diet with low doses of N-acetyl-cysteine, a promising and well-tolerated therapeutic agent suitable for long-term use.
Collapse
|
6
|
A simple and accurate HFCF-UF method for the analysis of homocysteine, cysteine, cysteinyl-glycine, and glutathione in human blood. Anal Bioanal Chem 2021; 413:6225-6237. [PMID: 34406463 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-021-03578-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Revised: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The presence of reduced aminothiols, including homocysteine (Hcy), cysteine (Cys), cysteinyl-glycine (CG), and glutathione (GSH), is significantly increased in the pathological state. However, there have been no reports on the relationship between reduced aminothiols (Hcy, Cys, CG, and GSH) and different genders, ages, and drug combinations in human blood. The accurate quantification of these reduced thiols in biological fluids is important for monitoring some special pathological conditions of humans. However, the published methods typically not only require cumbersome and technically challenging processing procedures to ensure reliable measurements, but are also laborious and time-consuming, which may disturb the initial physiological balance and lead to inaccurate results. We developed a hollow fiber centrifugal ultrafiltration (HFCF-UF) method for sample preparation coupled with a high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS) method and used it to determine four reduced aminothiols (Hcy, Cys, CG, and GSH) in human blood for the first time. A total of 96 clinical patients were enrolled in our study. The influence of different genders, ages, and drug combinations on the levels of four reduced thiols in human blood was also discussed by SPSS 24.0. The sample preparation was simplified to a single 5 min centrifugation step in a sealed system that did not disturb the physiological environment. The validation parameters for the methodological results were excellent. The procedure was successfully applied to monitoring the concentrations of four reduced aminothiols (Hcy, Cys, CG, and GSH) in 96 clinical blood samples. There were no significant differences in Hcy, Cys, CG, or GSH for the different genders, ages, or combinations with methotrexate or vancomycin (P > 0.05). However, there was a significant increase in Hcy concentration in patients treated with valproic acid who were diagnosed with epilepsy (p=0.0007). It is advisable to measure reduced Hcy level in patients taking valproic acid. The developed HFCF-UF method was simple and accurate. It can be easily applied in clinical research to evaluate oxidative stress in further study.
Collapse
|
7
|
Milanese C, Gabriels S, Barnhoorn S, Cerri S, Ulusoy A, Gornati SV, Wallace DF, Blandini F, Di Monte DA, Subramaniam VN, Mastroberardino PG. Gender biased neuroprotective effect of Transferrin Receptor 2 deletion in multiple models of Parkinson's disease. Cell Death Differ 2021; 28:1720-1732. [PMID: 33323945 PMCID: PMC8166951 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-020-00698-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Revised: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Alterations in the metabolism of iron and its accumulation in the substantia nigra pars compacta accompany the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease (PD). Changes in iron homeostasis also occur during aging, which constitutes a PD major risk factor. As such, mitigation of iron overload via chelation strategies has been considered a plausible disease modifying approach. Iron chelation, however, is imperfect because of general undesired side effects and lack of specificity; more effective approaches would rely on targeting distinctive pathways responsible for iron overload in brain regions relevant to PD and, in particular, the substantia nigra. We have previously demonstrated that the Transferrin/Transferrin Receptor 2 (TfR2) iron import mechanism functions in nigral dopaminergic neurons, is perturbed in PD models and patients, and therefore constitutes a potential therapeutic target to halt iron accumulation. To validate this hypothesis, we generated mice with targeted deletion of TfR2 in dopaminergic neurons. In these animals, we modeled PD with multiple approaches, based either on neurotoxin exposure or alpha-synuclein proteotoxic mechanisms. We found that TfR2 deletion can provide neuroprotection against dopaminergic degeneration, and against PD- and aging-related iron overload. The effects, however, were significantly more pronounced in females rather than in males. Our data indicate that the TfR2 iron import pathway represents an amenable strategy to hamper PD progression. Data also suggest, however, that therapeutic strategies targeting TfR2 should consider a potential sexual dimorphism in neuroprotective response.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Milanese
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Rotterdam, the Netherlands ,grid.7678.e0000 0004 1757 7797IFOM-The FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | - Sylvia Gabriels
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | | | - Ayse Ulusoy
- grid.424247.30000 0004 0438 0426German Centre for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), 53175 Bonn, Germany
| | - S. V. Gornati
- grid.5645.2000000040459992XDepartment of Neuroscience Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Daniel F. Wallace
- grid.1024.70000000089150953School of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, QLD Australia
| | - Fabio Blandini
- IRCCS Mondino Foundation, 27100 Pavia, Italy ,grid.8982.b0000 0004 1762 5736Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Donato A. Di Monte
- grid.424247.30000 0004 0438 0426German Centre for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), 53175 Bonn, Germany
| | - V. Nathan Subramaniam
- grid.1024.70000000089150953School of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, QLD Australia
| | - Pier G. Mastroberardino
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Rotterdam, the Netherlands ,grid.7678.e0000 0004 1757 7797IFOM-The FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, Milan, Italy ,grid.158820.60000 0004 1757 2611Department of Life, Health, and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, L’Aquila, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Martinez-Banaclocha M. Proteomic Complexity in Parkinson's Disease: A Redox Signaling Perspective of the Pathophysiology and Progression. Neuroscience 2020; 453:287-300. [PMID: 33212217 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2020.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2020] [Revised: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a prevalent age-related neurodegenerative disorder that results in the progressive impairment of motor and cognitive functions. The majority of PD cases are sporadic, and only 5% of patients are associated with mutations in a few genes, which cause the early onset or familial PD. Environmental toxic substances and the individual genetic susceptibility play a role in sporadic cases, but despite significant efforts to treat and prevent the disease, the pathophysiological mechanisms leading to its onset and progress are not fully understood. In the last decade, genomic and proteomic studies have shown an increasing molecular complexity of sporadic PD, suggesting that a broad spectrum of biochemical pathways underlie its progression. Recent investigations and the literature review suggest the potential role of deregulation of the sensitive-cysteine proteome as a convergent pathogenic mechanism that may contribute to this complexity, opening new therapeutic opportunities.
Collapse
|