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Loskutova E, Butler JS, Setti A, O'Brien C, Loughman J. Ability to Process Multisensory Information Is Impaired in Open Angle Glaucoma. J Glaucoma 2024; 33:78-86. [PMID: 37974328 DOI: 10.1097/ijg.0000000000002331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
PRCIS Patients with glaucoma demonstrated deficiencies in their ability to process multisensory information when compared with controls, with those deficiencies being related to glaucoma severity. Impaired multisensory integration (MSI) may affect the quality of life in individuals with glaucoma and may contribute to the increased prevalence of falls and driving safety concerns. Therapeutic possibilities to influence cognition in glaucoma should be explored. PURPOSE Glaucoma is a neurodegenerative disease of the optic nerve that has also been linked to cognitive health decline. This study explored MSI as a function of glaucoma status and severity. METHODS MSI was assessed in 37 participants with open angle glaucoma relative to 18 age-matched healthy controls. The sound-induced flash illusion was used to assess MSI efficiency. Participants were presented with various combinations of simultaneous visual and/or auditory stimuli and were required to indicate the number of visual stimuli observed for each of the 96 total presentations. Central retinal sensitivity was assessed as an indicator of glaucoma severity (MAIA; CenterVue). RESULTS Participants with glaucoma performed with equivalent capacity to healthy controls on unisensory trials ( F1,53 =2.222, P =0.142). Both groups performed equivalently on congruent multisensory trials involving equal numbers of auditory and visual stimuli F1,53 =1.032, P =0.314). For incongruent presentations, that is, 2 beeps and 1 flash stimulus, individuals with glaucoma demonstrated a greater influence of the incongruent beeps when judging the number of flashes, indicating less efficient MSI relative to age-matched controls ( F1,53 =11.45, P <0.002). In addition, MSI performance was positively correlated with retinal sensitivity ( F3,49 =4.042, P <0.025), adjusted R ²=0.15). CONCLUSIONS Individuals with open angle glaucoma exhibited MSI deficiencies that relate to disease severity. The type of deficiencies observed were similar to those observed among older individuals with cognitive impairment and balance issues. Impaired MSI may, therefore, be relevant to the increased prevalence of falls observed among individuals with glaucoma, a concept that merits further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina Loskutova
- Centre for Eye Research Ireland, School of Physics, Clinical & Optometric Sciences, Technological University Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - John S Butler
- Centre for Eye Research Ireland, School of Mathematical Sciences, Technological University Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Annalisa Setti
- School of Applied Psychology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Colm O'Brien
- Department of Ophthalmology, Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - James Loughman
- Centre for Eye Research Ireland, School of Physics, Clinical & Optometric Sciences, Technological University Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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Vastano R, Costantini M, Alexander WH, Widerstrom-Noga E. Multisensory integration in humans with spinal cord injury. Sci Rep 2022; 12:22156. [PMID: 36550184 PMCID: PMC9780239 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-26678-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Although multisensory integration (MSI) has been extensively studied, the underlying mechanisms remain a topic of ongoing debate. Here we investigate these mechanisms by comparing MSI in healthy controls to a clinical population with spinal cord injury (SCI). Deafferentation following SCI induces sensorimotor impairment, which may alter the ability to synthesize cross-modal information. We applied mathematical and computational modeling to reaction time data recorded in response to temporally congruent cross-modal stimuli. We found that MSI in both SCI and healthy controls is best explained by cross-modal perceptual competition, highlighting a common competition mechanism. Relative to controls, MSI impairments in SCI participants were better explained by reduced stimulus salience leading to increased cross-modal competition. By combining traditional analyses with model-based approaches, we examine how MSI is realized during normal function, and how it is compromised in a clinical population. Our findings support future investigations identifying and rehabilitating MSI deficits in clinical disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Vastano
- grid.26790.3a0000 0004 1936 8606Department of Neurological Surgery, The Miami Project to Cure Paralysis, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136 USA
| | - Marcello Costantini
- grid.412451.70000 0001 2181 4941Department of Psychological, Health and Territorial Sciences, “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy ,grid.412451.70000 0001 2181 4941Institute for Advanced Biomedical Technologies, ITAB, “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - William H. Alexander
- grid.255951.fCenter for Complex Systems and Brain Sciences, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, USA ,grid.255951.fDepartment of Psychology, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, USA ,grid.255951.fThe Brain Institute, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, USA
| | - Eva Widerstrom-Noga
- grid.26790.3a0000 0004 1936 8606Department of Neurological Surgery, The Miami Project to Cure Paralysis, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136 USA
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Zhou H, Liu X, Yu J, Yue C, Wang A, Zhang M. Compensation Mechanisms May Not Always Account for Enhanced Multisensory Illusion in Older Adults: Evidence from Sound-Induced Flash Illusion. Brain Sci 2022; 12:brainsci12101418. [PMID: 36291351 PMCID: PMC9599837 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci12101418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Sound-induced flash illusion (SiFI) is typical auditory dominance phenomenon in multisensory illusion. Although a number of studies have explored the SiFI in terms of age-related effects, the reasons for the enhanced SiFI in older adults are still controversial. In the present study, older and younger adults with equal visual discrimination were selected to explore age differences in SiFI effects, and to explore the neural indicators by resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) signals. A correlation analysis was calculated to examine the relationship between regional homogeneity (ReHo) and the SiFI. The results showed that both younger and older adults experienced significant fission and fusion illusions, and fission illusions of older adults were greater than that of younger adults. In addition, our results showed ReHo values of the left middle frontal gyrus (MFG), the right inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) and right superior frontal gyrus (SFG) were significantly positively correlated with the SiFI in older adults. More importantly, the comparison between older and younger adults showed that ReHo values of the right superior temporal gyrus (STG) decreased in older adults, and this was independent of the SiFI. The results indicated that when there was no difference in unisensory ability, the enhancement of multisensory illusion in older adults may not always be explained by compensation mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heng Zhou
- Department of Psychology, Research Center for Psychology and Behavioral Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Xiaole Liu
- Department of Psychology, Research Center for Psychology and Behavioral Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Junming Yu
- Department of Psychology, Research Center for Psychology and Behavioral Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Chunlin Yue
- School of Physical Education and Sport Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215021, China
| | - Aijun Wang
- Department of Psychology, Research Center for Psychology and Behavioral Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
- Correspondence:
| | - Ming Zhang
- Department of Psychology, Research Center for Psychology and Behavioral Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
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Katiri R, Sivan N, Noone A, Farrell E, McLoughlin L, Lang B, O'Donnell B, Kieran SM. Outcomes from 7 years of a direct to audiology referral pathway. Ir J Med Sci 2022:10.1007/s11845-022-03145-0. [PMID: 36056228 PMCID: PMC9439272 DOI: 10.1007/s11845-022-03145-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Background The direct to audiology via ENT referral pathway was designed to enhance patient access to audiology services. The pathway is recommended in the Otolaryngology Head & Neck Surgery: a model of care for Ireland report, published in 2019. Aims This study aimed to review the outcomes of all patients that attended our institution over the last seven years. Methods A retrospective review of the direct to audiology referral service from March 2014 to December 2021 was conducted. Outcomes were defined by the pathway each patient took following attendance at the audiology clinic. Patients were either (i) discharged, (ii) referred for hearing aid(s) or (iii) identified as candidates for further diagnostic assessments, including a follow-up at the ENT outpatient clinic. Results During the time frame, 419 patients were triaged to the pathway. The average wait time was 13 days. The average age was 53 years (range 16–96 years, SD = 6.1). Approximately 34% (n = 143) of all patients referred were discharged back to the GP by the audiologist, but 66% (n = 276) presented with ‘red flags’ and needed further investigation in the ENT clinic, with 30% (n = 73) ultimately requiring imaging studies. Over half (n = 254, 61%) were referred for hearing aids. Conclusion The direct to audiology initiative has proven effective at reducing waiting times for ENT patients solely in need of audiological intervention. Approximately one-third of these referrals to the ENT service can be assessed comprehensively in the audiology clinic, thereby reducing the demand for ENT clinics, enhancing service provision and expediting onwards referral for amplification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roulla Katiri
- Department of Audiology, Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland. .,Hearing Sciences, Mental Health and Clinical Neuroscience, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.
| | - Nina Sivan
- Department of Audiology, Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Anthony Noone
- ENT Department, Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Eric Farrell
- ENT Department, Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Laura McLoughlin
- ENT Department, Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Bronagh Lang
- ENT Department, Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Bronagh O'Donnell
- HSE Community Audiology Services, Grangegorman Primary Care Centre, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Stephen M Kieran
- ENT Department, Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
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Hirst RJ, Setti A, De Looze C, Kenny RA, Newell FN. Multisensory integration precision is associated with better cognitive performance over time in older adults: A large-scale exploratory study. AGING BRAIN 2022; 2:100038. [PMID: 36908873 PMCID: PMC9997173 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbas.2022.100038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Revised: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Age-related sensory decline impacts cognitive performance and exposes individuals to a greater risk of cognitive decline. Integration across the senses also changes with age, yet the link between multisensory perception and cognitive ageing is poorly understood. We explored the relationship between multisensory integration and cognitive function in 2875 adults aged 50 + from The Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing. Multisensory integration was assessed at several audio-visual temporal asynchronies using the Sound Induced Flash Illusion (SIFI). More precise integration (i.e. less illusion susceptibility with larger temporal asynchronies) was cross-sectionally associated with faster Choice Response Times and Colour Trail Task performance, and fewer errors on the Sustained Attention to Response Task. We then used k-means clustering to identify groups with different 10-year cognitive trajectories on measures available longitudinally; delayed recall, immediate recall and verbal fluency. Across measures, groups with consistently higher performance trajectories had more precise multisensory integration. These findings support broad links between multisensory integration and several cognitive measures, including processing speed, attention and memory, rather than association with any specific subdomain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca J. Hirst
- School of Psychology and Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland
- The Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland
- Corresponding author at: Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
| | - Annalisa Setti
- The Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland
- School of Applied Psychology, University College Cork, Ireland
| | - Céline De Looze
- The Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland
| | - Rose Anne Kenny
- The Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland
- Mercer Institute for Successful Ageing, St. James Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Fiona N. Newell
- School of Psychology and Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland
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Kitada R, Sadato N. Multisensory integration and its plasticity - How do innate and postnatal factors contribute to forming individual differences? Cortex 2021; 145:A1-A4. [PMID: 34844700 DOI: 10.1016/j.cortex.2021.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ryo Kitada
- School of Social Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore; Graduate School of Intercultural Studies, Kobe University, Japan.
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Davis JRC, Knight SP, Donoghue OA, Hernández B, Rizzo R, Kenny RA, Romero-Ortuno R. Comparison of Gait Speed Reserve, Usual Gait Speed, and Maximum Gait Speed of Adults Aged 50+ in Ireland Using Explainable Machine Learning. FRONTIERS IN NETWORK PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 1:754477. [PMID: 36925580 PMCID: PMC10013005 DOI: 10.3389/fnetp.2021.754477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Gait speed is a measure of general fitness. Changing from usual (UGS) to maximum (MGS) gait speed requires coordinated action of many body systems. Gait speed reserve (GSR) is defined as MGS-UGS. From a shortlist of 88 features across five categories including sociodemographic, cognitive, and physiological, we aimed to find and compare the sets of predictors that best describe UGS, MGS, and GSR. For this, we leveraged data from 3,925 adults aged 50+ from Wave 3 of The Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing (TILDA). Features were selected by a histogram gradient boosting regression-based stepwise feature selection pipeline. Each model's feature importance and input-output relationships were explored using TreeExplainer from the Shapely Additive Explanations explainable machine learning package. The meanR a d j 2 (SD) from fivefold cross-validation on training data and theR a d j 2 score on test data were 0.38 (0.04) and 0.41 for UGS, 0.45 (0.04) and 0.46 for MGS, and 0.19 (0.02) and 0.21 for GSR. Each model selected features across all categories. Features common to all models were age, grip strength, chair stands time, mean motor reaction time, and height. Exclusive to UGS and MGS were educational attainment, fear of falling, Montreal cognitive assessment errors, and orthostatic intolerance. Exclusive to MGS and GSR were body mass index (BMI), and number of medications. No features were selected exclusively for UGS and GSR. Features unique to UGS were resting-state pulse interval, Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CESD) depression, sit-to-stand difference in diastolic blood pressure, and left visual acuity. Unique to MGS were standard deviation in sustained attention to response task times, resting-state heart rate, smoking status, total heartbeat power during paced breathing, and visual acuity. Unique to GSR were accuracy proportion in a sound-induced flash illusion test, Mini-mental State Examination errors, and number of cardiovascular conditions. No interactions were present in the GSR model. The four features that overall gave the most impactful interactions in the UGS and MGS models were age, chair stands time, grip strength, and BMI. These findings may help provide new insights into the multisystem predictors of gait speed and gait speed reserve in older adults and support a network physiology approach to their study.
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Affiliation(s)
- James R. C Davis
- The Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Discipline of Medical Gerontology, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Silvin P. Knight
- The Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Discipline of Medical Gerontology, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Orna A. Donoghue
- The Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Discipline of Medical Gerontology, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Belinda Hernández
- The Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Discipline of Medical Gerontology, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Rossella Rizzo
- The Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Discipline of Medical Gerontology, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Rose Anne Kenny
- The Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Discipline of Medical Gerontology, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Mercer’s Institute for Successful Ageing, St James’s Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Roman Romero-Ortuno
- The Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Discipline of Medical Gerontology, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Mercer’s Institute for Successful Ageing, St James’s Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
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Hirst RJ, Whelan R, Boyle R, Setti A, Knight S, O'Connor J, Williamson W, McMorrow J, Fagan AJ, Meaney JF, Kenny RA, De Looze C, Newell FN. Gray matter volume in the right angular gyrus is associated with differential patterns of multisensory integration with aging. Neurobiol Aging 2020; 100:83-90. [PMID: 33508565 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2020.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Revised: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Multisensory perception might provide an important marker of brain function in aging. However, the cortical structures supporting multisensory perception in aging are poorly understood. In this study, we compared regional gray matter volume in a group of middle-aged (n = 101; 49-64 years) and older (n = 116; 71-87 years) adults from The Irish Longitudinal Study on Aging using voxel-based morphometry. Participants completed a measure of multisensory integration, the sound-induced flash illusion, and were grouped as per their illusion susceptibility. A significant interaction was observed in the right angular gyrus; in the middle-aged group, larger gray matter volume corresponded to stronger illusion perception while in older adults larger gray matter corresponded to less illusion susceptibility. This interaction remained significant even when controlling for a range of demographic, sensory, cognitive, and health variables. These findings show that multisensory integration is associated with specific structural differences in the aging brain and highlight the angular gyrus as a possible "cross-modal hub" associated with age-related change in multisensory perception.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca J Hirst
- School of Psychology and Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland; The Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
| | - Robert Whelan
- School of Psychology and Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Rory Boyle
- School of Psychology and Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Annalisa Setti
- The Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland; School of Applied Psychology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Silvin Knight
- The Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - John O'Connor
- The Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Wilby Williamson
- The Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland; Department of Physiology, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Jason McMorrow
- The National Centre for Advanced Medical Imaging (CAMI), St. James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Andrew J Fagan
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - James F Meaney
- The National Centre for Advanced Medical Imaging (CAMI), St. James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Rose Anne Kenny
- The Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland; Mercer Institute for Successful Ageing, St. James Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Céline De Looze
- The Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
| | - Fiona N Newell
- School of Psychology and Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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Hirst RJ, McGovern DP, Setti A, Shams L, Newell FN. What you see is what you hear: Twenty years of research using the Sound-Induced Flash Illusion. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2020; 118:759-774. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2020.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Revised: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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