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Cao S, Yuan Q. An update of nanotopographical surfaces in modulating stem cell fate: a narrative review. BIOMATERIALS TRANSLATIONAL 2022; 3:55-64. [PMID: 35837345 PMCID: PMC9255793 DOI: 10.12336/biomatertransl.2022.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Revised: 03/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Stem cells have been one of the ideal sources for tissue regeneration owing to their capability of self-renewal and differentiation. In vivo, the extracellular microenvironment plays a vital role in modulating stem cell fate. When developing biomaterials for regenerative medicine, incorporating biochemical and biophysical cues to mimic extracellular matrix can enhance stem cell lineage differentiation. More specifically, modulating the stem cell fate can be achieved by controlling the nanotopographic features on synthetic surfaces. Optimization of nanotopographical features leads to desirable stem cell functions, which can maximize the effectiveness of regenerative treatment. In this review, nanotopographical surfaces, including static patterned surface, dynamic patterned surface, and roughness are summarized, and their fabrication, as well as the impact on stem cell behaviour, are discussed. Later, the recent progress of applying nanotopographical featured biomaterials for altering different types of stem cells is presented, which directs the design and fabrication of functional biomaterial. Last, the perspective in fundamental research and for clinical application in this field is discussed.
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Tuvshindorj U, Trouillet V, Vasilevich A, Koch B, Vermeulen S, Carlier A, Alexander MR, Giselbrecht S, Truckenmüller R, de Boer J. The Galapagos Chip Platform for High-Throughput Screening of Cell Adhesive Chemical Micropatterns. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2022; 18:e2105704. [PMID: 34985808 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202105704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Revised: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In vivo cells reside in a complex extracellular matrix (ECM) that presents spatially distributed biochemical and -physical cues at the nano- to micrometer scales. Chemical micropatterning is successfully used to generate adhesive islands to control where and how cells attach and restore cues of the ECM in vitro. Although chemical micropatterning has become a powerful tool to study cell-material interactions, only a fraction of the possible micropattern designs was covered so far, leaving many other possible designs still unexplored. Here, a high-throughput screening platform called "Galapagos chip" is developed. It contains a library of 2176 distinct subcellular chemical patterns created using mathematical algorithms and a straightforward UV-induced two-step surface modification. This approach enables the immobilization of ligands in geometrically defined regions onto cell culture substrates. To validate the system, binary RGD/polyethylene glycol patterns are prepared on which human mesenchymal stem cells are cultured, and the authors observe how different patterns affect cell and organelle morphology. As proof of concept, the cells are stained for the mechanosensitive YAP protein, and, using a machine-learning algorithm, it is demonstrated that cell shape and YAP nuclear translocation correlate. It is concluded that the Galapagos chip is a versatile platform to screen geometrical aspects of cell-ECM interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Urandelger Tuvshindorj
- MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Maastricht University, Maastricht, 6229 ER, The Netherlands
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Institute, for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, 5600 MB, The Netherlands
| | - Vanessa Trouillet
- Institute for Applied Materials and Karlsruhe Nano Micro Facility, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Aliaksei Vasilevich
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Institute, for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, 5600 MB, The Netherlands
| | - Britta Koch
- Advanced Materials and Healthcare Technologies Division, The School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Steven Vermeulen
- MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Maastricht University, Maastricht, 6229 ER, The Netherlands
| | - Aurélie Carlier
- MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Maastricht University, Maastricht, 6229 ER, The Netherlands
| | - Morgan R Alexander
- Advanced Materials and Healthcare Technologies Division, The School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Stefan Giselbrecht
- MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Maastricht University, Maastricht, 6229 ER, The Netherlands
| | - Roman Truckenmüller
- MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Maastricht University, Maastricht, 6229 ER, The Netherlands
| | - Jan de Boer
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Institute, for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, 5600 MB, The Netherlands
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