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Hu W, Wang C, Tan H, Duan H, Li G, Li N, Ji Q, Lu Y, Wang Y, Sun Z, Hu F, Yan W. Embedding atomic cobalt into graphene lattices to activate room-temperature ferromagnetism. Nat Commun 2021; 12:1854. [PMID: 33767164 PMCID: PMC7994802 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-22122-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Graphene is extremely promising for next-generation spintronics applications; however, realizing graphene-based room-temperature magnets remains a great challenge. Here, we demonstrate that robust room-temperature ferromagnetism with TC up to ∼400 K and saturation magnetization of 0.11 emu g−1 (300 K) can be achieved in graphene by embedding isolated Co atoms with the aid of coordinated N atoms. Extensive structural characterizations show that square-planar Co-N4 moieties were formed in the graphene lattices, where atomically dispersed Co atoms provide local magnetic moments. Detailed electronic structure calculations reveal that the hybridization between the d electrons of Co atoms and delocalized pz electrons of N/C atoms enhances the conduction-electron mediated long-range magnetic coupling. This work provides an effective means to induce room-temperature ferromagnetism in graphene and may open possibilities for developing graphene-based spintronics devices. Graphene has shown incredible promise as ideal material for numerous fields; however its use in spintronics has been hampered by the lack of intrinsic magnetism. Here, Hu et al succeed in embedding Cobalt in the graphene lattice, creating robust room-temperature ferromagnetism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Hu
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, P. R. China
| | - Chao Wang
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, P. R. China.
| | - Hao Tan
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, P. R. China
| | - Hengli Duan
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, P. R. China
| | - Guinan Li
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, P. R. China
| | - Na Li
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, P. R. China
| | - Qianqian Ji
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, P. R. China
| | - Ying Lu
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, P. R. China
| | - Yao Wang
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, P. R. China
| | - Zhihu Sun
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, P. R. China.
| | - Fengchun Hu
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, P. R. China
| | - Wensheng Yan
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, P. R. China.
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Alenkina IV, Vinogradov AV, Felner I, Konstantinova TS, Kuzmann E, Semionkin VA, Oshtrakh MI. The Iron State in Spleen and Liver Tissues from Patients with Hematological Malignancies Studied Using Magnetization Measurements and Mössbauer Spectroscopy. Cell Biochem Biophys 2018; 77:33-46. [PMID: 30191452 DOI: 10.1007/s12013-018-0855-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2018] [Accepted: 08/18/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
In this overview, we present the results of the study of spleen and liver tissues taken from healthy donors in comparison with those from patients with (i) non-Hodgkin B-cell lymphomas, namely, mantle cell lymphoma and marginal zone B-cell lymphoma, (ii) acute myeloid leukemia, and (iii) primary myelofibrosis. The study was carried out using Mössbauer spectroscopy and magnetization measurements for the analysis of ferritin-like iron in spleen and liver tissues. Magnetization measurements demonstrated small differences in the saturation magnetic moments and revealed additional paramagnetic components. Two liver samples demonstrated unusual behavior of the magnetic moment when the zero-field-cooled curve was over the field-cooled curve in the temperature range between ~40 and ~70 K. Relative iron content variations in the tissue cells as well as small variations in the 57Fe hyperfine parameters were demonstrated for healthy and patients' spleen and liver tissues on the base of measured Mössbauer spectra. The results obtained permit us to suggest small differences in the ferritin iron core structure in spleen and liver tissues from healthy donors and patients with hematological malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- I V Alenkina
- Department of Experimental Physics, Institute of Physics and Technology, Ural Federal University, Ekaterinburg 620002, Russian Federation
| | - A V Vinogradov
- Sverdlovsk Regional Ministry of Health, Weiner street, 34b, Ekaterinburg 620014, Russian Federation.,Sverdlovsk Regional Clinical Hospital No. 1, Volgogradskaya street, 185, Ekaterinburg 620102, Russian Federation
| | - I Felner
- Racah Institute of Physics, The Hebrew University, 91904, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - T S Konstantinova
- Sverdlovsk Regional Clinical Hospital No. 1, Volgogradskaya street, 185, Ekaterinburg 620102, Russian Federation
| | - E Kuzmann
- Laboratory of Nuclear Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - V A Semionkin
- Department of Experimental Physics, Institute of Physics and Technology, Ural Federal University, Ekaterinburg 620002, Russian Federation
| | - M I Oshtrakh
- Department of Experimental Physics, Institute of Physics and Technology, Ural Federal University, Ekaterinburg 620002, Russian Federation.
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Tuček J, Błoński P, Ugolotti J, Swain AK, Enoki T, Zbořil R. Emerging chemical strategies for imprinting magnetism in graphene and related 2D materials for spintronic and biomedical applications. Chem Soc Rev 2018; 47:3899-3990. [PMID: 29578212 DOI: 10.1039/c7cs00288b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Graphene, a single two-dimensional sheet of carbon atoms with an arrangement mimicking the honeycomb hexagonal architecture, has captured immense interest of the scientific community since its isolation in 2004. Besides its extraordinarily high electrical conductivity and surface area, graphene shows a long spin lifetime and limited hyperfine interactions, which favors its potential exploitation in spintronic and biomedical applications, provided it can be made magnetic. However, pristine graphene is diamagnetic in nature due to solely sp2 hybridization. Thus, various attempts have been proposed to imprint magnetic features into graphene. The present review focuses on a systematic classification and physicochemical description of approaches leading to equip graphene with magnetic properties. These include introduction of point and line defects into graphene lattices, spatial confinement and edge engineering, doping of graphene lattice with foreign atoms, and sp3 functionalization. Each magnetism-imprinting strategy is discussed in detail including identification of roles of various internal and external parameters in the induced magnetic regimes, with assessment of their robustness. Moreover, emergence of magnetism in graphene analogues and related 2D materials such as transition metal dichalcogenides, metal halides, metal dinitrides, MXenes, hexagonal boron nitride, and other organic compounds is also reviewed. Since the magnetic features of graphene can be readily masked by the presence of magnetic residues from synthesis itself or sample handling, the issue of magnetic impurities and correct data interpretations is also addressed. Finally, current problems and challenges in magnetism of graphene and related 2D materials and future potential applications are also highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiří Tuček
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacký University in Olomouc, Šlechtitelů 27, 783 71 Olomouc, Czech Republic.
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Ju L, Dai Y, Xu TS, Zhang YJ, Sun L. Combination Effect of Cation Vacancies and O 2 Adsorption on Ferromagnetism of Na 0.5Bi 0.5TiO 3(100) Surface: ab initio Study. CHINESE J CHEM PHYS 2018. [DOI: 10.1063/1674-0068/31/cjcp1708163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lin Ju
- School of Physics and Electric Engineering, Anyang Normal University, Anyang 455000, China
- School of Physics, State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Ying Dai
- School of Physics, State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Tong-shuai Xu
- School of Physics and Electric Engineering, Anyang Normal University, Anyang 455000, China
| | - Yong-jia Zhang
- Key Lab of Advanced Transducers and Intelligent Control System, Ministry of Education, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
| | - Li Sun
- Key Lab of Advanced Transducers and Intelligent Control System, Ministry of Education, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
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Peculiar Magnetic Features and Superconductivity in Sulfur Doped Amorphous Carbon. MAGNETOCHEMISTRY 2016. [DOI: 10.3390/magnetochemistry2030034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Jiménez-Soto JM, Moliner-Martínez Y, Cárdenas S, Valcárcel M. Evaluation of the performance of single-walled carbon nanohorns in capillary electrophoresis. Electrophoresis 2010; 31:1681-8. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.200900628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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