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Telliez C, De Sars V, Emiliani V, Ronzitti E. Descanned fast light targeting (deFLiT) two-photon optogenetics. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2023; 14:6222-6232. [PMID: 38420304 PMCID: PMC10898566 DOI: 10.1364/boe.499445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Two-photon light-targeting optogenetics allows controlling selected subsets of neurons with near single-cell resolution and high temporal precision. To push forward this approach, we recently proposed a fast light-targeting strategy (FLiT) to rapidly scan multiple holograms tiled on a spatial light modulator (SLM). This allowed generating sub-ms timely-controlled switch of light patterns enabling to reduce the power budget for multi-target excitation and increase the temporal precision for relative spike tuning in a circuit. Here, we modified the optical design of FLiT by including a de-scan unit (deFLiT) to keep the holographic illumination centered at the middle of the objective pupil independently of the position of the tiled hologram on the SLM. This enables enlarging the number of usable holograms and reaching extended on-axis excitation volumes, and therefore increasing even further the power gain and temporal precision of conventional FLiT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecile Telliez
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, Institut de la Vision, 75012 Paris, France
| | - Vincent De Sars
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, Institut de la Vision, 75012 Paris, France
| | - Valentina Emiliani
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, Institut de la Vision, 75012 Paris, France
| | - Emiliano Ronzitti
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, Institut de la Vision, 75012 Paris, France
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Faini G, Tanese D, Molinier C, Telliez C, Hamdani M, Blot F, Tourain C, de Sars V, Del Bene F, Forget BC, Ronzitti E, Emiliani V. Ultrafast light targeting for high-throughput precise control of neuronal networks. Nat Commun 2023; 14:1888. [PMID: 37019891 PMCID: PMC10074378 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-37416-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Two-photon, single-cell resolution optogenetics based on holographic light-targeting approaches enables the generation of precise spatiotemporal neuronal activity patterns and thus a broad range of experimental applications, such as high throughput connectivity mapping and probing neural codes for perception. Yet, current holographic approaches limit the resolution for tuning the relative spiking time of distinct cells to a few milliseconds, and the achievable number of targets to 100-200, depending on the working depth. To overcome these limitations and expand the capabilities of single-cell optogenetics, we introduce an ultra-fast sequential light targeting (FLiT) optical configuration based on the rapid switching of a temporally focused beam between holograms at kHz rates. We used FLiT to demonstrate two illumination protocols, termed hybrid- and cyclic-illumination, and achieve sub-millisecond control of sequential neuronal activation and high throughput multicell illumination in vitro (mouse organotypic and acute brain slices) and in vivo (zebrafish larvae and mice), while minimizing light-induced thermal rise. These approaches will be important for experiments that require rapid and precise cell stimulation with defined spatio-temporal activity patterns and optical control of large neuronal ensembles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Faini
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, Institut de la Vision, F-75012, Paris, France
| | - Dimitrii Tanese
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, Institut de la Vision, F-75012, Paris, France
| | - Clément Molinier
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, Institut de la Vision, F-75012, Paris, France
| | - Cécile Telliez
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, Institut de la Vision, F-75012, Paris, France
| | - Massilia Hamdani
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, Institut de la Vision, F-75012, Paris, France
| | - Francois Blot
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, Institut de la Vision, F-75012, Paris, France
| | - Christophe Tourain
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, Institut de la Vision, F-75012, Paris, France
| | - Vincent de Sars
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, Institut de la Vision, F-75012, Paris, France
| | - Filippo Del Bene
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, Institut de la Vision, F-75012, Paris, France
| | - Benoît C Forget
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, Institut de la Vision, F-75012, Paris, France
| | - Emiliano Ronzitti
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, Institut de la Vision, F-75012, Paris, France.
| | - Valentina Emiliani
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, Institut de la Vision, F-75012, Paris, France.
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Vierock J, Peter E, Grimm C, Rozenberg A, Chen IW, Tillert L, Castro Scalise AG, Casini M, Augustin S, Tanese D, Forget BC, Peyronnet R, Schneider-Warme F, Emiliani V, Béjà O, Hegemann P. WiChR, a highly potassium-selective channelrhodopsin for low-light one- and two-photon inhibition of excitable cells. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eadd7729. [PMID: 36383037 PMCID: PMC9733931 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.add7729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The electric excitability of muscle, heart, and brain tissue relies on the precise interplay of Na+- and K+-selective ion channels. The involved ion fluxes are controlled in optogenetic studies using light-gated channelrhodopsins (ChRs). While non-selective cation-conducting ChRs are well established for excitation, K+-selective ChRs (KCRs) for efficient inhibition have only recently come into reach. Here, we report the molecular analysis of recently discovered KCRs from the stramenopile Hyphochytrium catenoides and identification of a novel type of hydrophobic K+ selectivity filter. Next, we demonstrate that the KCR signature motif is conserved in related stramenopile ChRs. Among them, WiChR from Wobblia lunata features a so far unmatched preference for K+ over Na+, stable photocurrents under continuous illumination, and a prolonged open-state lifetime. Showing high expression levels in cardiac myocytes and neurons, WiChR allows single- and two-photon inhibition at low irradiance and reduced tissue heating. Therefore, we recommend WiChR as the long-awaited efficient and versatile optogenetic inhibitor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Vierock
- Institut für Biologie, Experimentelle Biophysik, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Neuroscience Research Center, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Enrico Peter
- Institut für Biologie, Experimentelle Biophysik, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Christiane Grimm
- Wavefront Engineering Microscopy Group, Photonics Department, Institut de la Vision, Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, Paris, France
| | - Andrey Rozenberg
- Faculty of Biology, Technion–Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel
| | - I-Wen Chen
- Wavefront Engineering Microscopy Group, Photonics Department, Institut de la Vision, Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, Paris, France
| | - Linda Tillert
- Neuroscience Research Center, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Marilù Casini
- Institute for Experimental Cardiovascular Medicine, University Heart Center Freiburg · Bad Krozingen, Medical Center and Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
- Regenerative Medicine and Heart Transplantation Unit, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe and ITACA Institute (COR), Universitat Politècnica de València, Valencia, Spain
| | - Sandra Augustin
- Institut für Biologie, Experimentelle Biophysik, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Dimitrii Tanese
- Wavefront Engineering Microscopy Group, Photonics Department, Institut de la Vision, Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, Paris, France
| | - Benoît C. Forget
- Wavefront Engineering Microscopy Group, Photonics Department, Institut de la Vision, Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, Paris, France
| | - Rémi Peyronnet
- Institute for Experimental Cardiovascular Medicine, University Heart Center Freiburg · Bad Krozingen, Medical Center and Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
| | - Franziska Schneider-Warme
- Institute for Experimental Cardiovascular Medicine, University Heart Center Freiburg · Bad Krozingen, Medical Center and Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
| | - Valentina Emiliani
- Wavefront Engineering Microscopy Group, Photonics Department, Institut de la Vision, Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, Paris, France
| | - Oded Béjà
- Faculty of Biology, Technion–Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel
| | - Peter Hegemann
- Institut für Biologie, Experimentelle Biophysik, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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Roy S, Field GD. An optical approach for mapping functional connectivity at single-cell resolution in brain circuits. CELL REPORTS METHODS 2022; 2:100272. [PMID: 36046621 PMCID: PMC9421506 DOI: 10.1016/j.crmeth.2022.100272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
In the current issue of Cell Reports Methods, Spampinato et al. demonstrate a multiplexed system combining holographic photo-stimulation and functional imaging that may offer a generalizable approach for revealing how signals interact in complex neural circuits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suva Roy
- Department of Neurobiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Greg D. Field
- Department of Neurobiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
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