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Wu C, Liu W, Pu J, Feng T, Chang Y, Wang X, Liang X, Kai J. Fractional exhaled nitric oxide in checkpoint inhibitor pneumonitis: a case report and literature review. Immunotherapy 2022; 14:1361-1367. [PMID: 36472185 DOI: 10.2217/imt-2022-0094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Checkpoint inhibitor pneumonitis (CIP) is a relatively rare adverse event and a potential cause of death in patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). Because the symptoms and signs are nonspecific, the diagnosis of CIP is challenging. Additionally, compared with the biomarkers that can monitor the effect of ICIs, there is less research evaluating markers to monitor CIP. We report a case of CIP induced by camrelizumab in a patient with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer, in which the fractional exhaled nitric oxide levels showed obvious increases. Fractional exhaled nitric oxide may have the potential to monitor the condition of airway inflammation in patients using ICIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Wu
- The First Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Weiying Liu
- Department of Respiration and Critical Care Medicine, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Jiayuan Pu
- Department of Respiration and Critical Care Medicine, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Tao Feng
- Department of Respiration and Critical Care Medicine, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Yingxuan Chang
- The First Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Xin Wang
- The First Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Xuejie Liang
- The First Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Jinjun Kai
- The First Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
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Salihi A, Al-Naqshabandi MA, Khudhur ZO, Housein Z, Hama HA, Abdullah RM, Hussen BM, Alkasalias T. Gasotransmitters in the tumor microenvironment: Impacts on cancer chemotherapy (Review). Mol Med Rep 2022; 26:233. [PMID: 35616143 PMCID: PMC9178674 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2022.12749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Nitric oxide, carbon monoxide and hydrogen sulfide are three endogenous gasotransmitters that serve a role in regulating normal and pathological cellular activities. They can stimulate or inhibit cancer cell proliferation and invasion, as well as interfere with cancer cell responses to drug treatments. Understanding the molecular pathways governing the interactions between these gases and the tumor microenvironment can be utilized for the identification of a novel technique to disrupt cancer cell interactions and may contribute to the conception of effective and safe cancer therapy strategies. The present review discusses the effects of these gases in modulating the action of chemotherapies, as well as prospective pharmacological and therapeutic interfering approaches. A deeper knowledge of the mechanisms that underpin the cellular and pharmacological effects, as well as interactions, of each of the three gases could pave the way for therapeutic treatments and translational research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abbas Salihi
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Salahaddin University‑Erbil, Erbil, Kurdistan Region 44001, Iraq
| | - Mohammed A Al-Naqshabandi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, College of Health Sciences, Hawler Medical University, Erbil, Kurdistan Region 44001, Iraq
| | - Zhikal Omar Khudhur
- Department of Medical Analysis, Faculty of Applied Science, Tishk International University, Erbil, Kurdistan Region 44001, Iraq
| | - Zjwan Housein
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Technical Health and Medical College, Erbil Polytechnique University, Erbil, Kurdistan Region 44002, Iraq
| | - Harmand A Hama
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Education, Tishk International University, Erbil, Kurdistan Region 44002, Iraq
| | - Ramyar M Abdullah
- College of Medicine, Hawler Medical University, Erbil, Kurdistan Region 44002, Iraq
| | - Bashdar Mahmud Hussen
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Hawler Medical University, Erbil, Kurdistan Region 44002, Iraq
| | - Twana Alkasalias
- General Directorate of Scientific Research Center, Salahaddin University‑Erbil, Erbil, Kurdistan Region 44002, Iraq
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Szejniuk WM, Nielsen MS, Takács-Szabó Z, Pawlowski J, Al-Saadi SS, Maidas P, Bøgsted M, McCulloch T, Frøkjær JB, Falkmer UG, Røe OD. High-dose thoracic radiation therapy for non-small cell lung cancer: a novel grading scale of radiation-induced lung injury for symptomatic radiation pneumonitis. Radiat Oncol 2021; 16:131. [PMID: 34266462 PMCID: PMC8281688 DOI: 10.1186/s13014-021-01857-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Symptomatic radiation pneumonitis (RP) may be a serious complication after thoracic radiation therapy (RT) for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). This prospective observational study sought to evaluate the utility of a novel radiation-induced lung injury (RILI) grading scale (RGS) for the prediction of RP. Materials and methods Data of 41 patients with NSCLC treated with thoracic RT of 60–66 Gy were analysed. CT scans were scheduled before RT, one month post-RT, and every three months thereafter for one year. Symptomatic RP was defined as Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events grade ≥ 2. RGS grading ranged from 0 to 3. The inter-observer variability of the RGS was assessed by four senior radiologists. CT scans performed 28 ± 10 days after RT were used to analyse the predictive value of the RGS. The change in the RGS severity was correlated to dosimetric parameters. Results The CT obtained one month post-RT showed RILI in 36 (88%) of patients (RGS grade 0 [5 patients], 1 [25 patients], 2 [6 patients], and 3 [5 patients]). The inter-observer agreement of the RGS grading was high (Kendall’s W coefficient of concordance = 0.80, p < 0.01). Patients with RGS grades 2–3 had a significantly higher risk for development of RP (relative risk (RR): 2.4, 95% CI 1.6–3.7, p < 0.01) and RP symptoms within 8 weeks after RT (RR: 4.8, 95% CI 1.3–17.6, p < 0.01) compared to RGS grades 0–1. The specificity and sensitivity of the RGS grades 2–3 in predicting symptomatic RP was 100% (95% CI 80.5–100%) and 45.4% (95% CI 24.4–67.8%), respectively. Increase in RGS severity correlated to mean lung dose and the percentage of the total lung volume receiving 5 Gy. Conclusions The RGS is a simple radiologic tool associated with symptomatic RP. A validation study is warranted. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13014-021-01857-8.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weronika Maria Szejniuk
- Department of Oncology, Aalborg University Hospital, Hobrovej 18-22, 9000, Aalborg, Denmark. .,Clinical Cancer Research Center, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark. .,Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark.
| | | | | | - Jacek Pawlowski
- Department of Radiology, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark.,Division of Radiology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Panagiotis Maidas
- Department of Radiology, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Martin Bøgsted
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark.,Department of Haematology, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Tine McCulloch
- Department of Oncology, Aalborg University Hospital, Hobrovej 18-22, 9000, Aalborg, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Jens Brøndum Frøkjær
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark.,Department of Radiology, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Ursula Gerda Falkmer
- Department of Oncology, Aalborg University Hospital, Hobrovej 18-22, 9000, Aalborg, Denmark.,Clinical Cancer Research Center, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Oluf Dimitri Røe
- Department of Oncology, Aalborg University Hospital, Hobrovej 18-22, 9000, Aalborg, Denmark.,Clinical Cancer Research Center, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark.,Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, NTNU, Trondheim, Norway.,Cancer Clinic, Levanger Hospital, Nord-Trøndelag Health Trust, Levanger, Norway
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Zhou H, Li J, Chen Z, Chen Y, Ye S. Nitric oxide in occurrence, progress and therapy of lung Cancer: a systemic review and meta-analysis. BMC Cancer 2021; 21:678. [PMID: 34103000 PMCID: PMC8188673 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-021-08430-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Nitric oxide (NO) plays an important role in lung cancer. However, the results of previous studies about NO in the occurrence, progress and therapy were not consistent. Therefore, we conducted a meta-analysis to evaluate the relationship between NO and lung cancer. Method We carried out comprehensive search in the databases, and collected related studies. The data of fraction of exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) or blood NO in different populations (lung cancer patients and control subjects) and different time points (before therapy and after therapy) were extracted by two investigators. A random effect model was applied to analyze the differences of FeNO and blood NO in different populations and different time points. To further compare NO level of each subgroup with different pathological types and different stages, a network meta-analysis (NMA) was performed. Results Fifty studies including 2551 cases and 1691 controls were adopted in this meta-analysis. The FeNO (SMD 3.01, 95% CI 1.89–4.13, p < 0.00001) and blood NO (SMD 1.34, 95% CI 0.84–1.85, p < 0.00001) level in lung cancer patients was much higher than that in control subjects. NMA model indicated blood NO level in each cancer type except SCLC was higher than that in control patients. There was no significant difference of blood NO level among four kinds of lung cancer patients. Blood NO level in LCC patients (SUCRA = 83.5%) was the highest. Blood NO level in advanced stage but not early stage was higher than that in control subjects. Patients in advanced stage (SUCRA = 95.5%) had the highest blood NO level. No significant difference of FeNO (SMD -0.04, 95% CI -0.46-0.38, p > 0.05) and blood NO level (SMD -0.36, 95% CI -1.08-0.36, p > 0.05) was observed between pretreatment and posttreatment in all patients. However, FeNO level elevated (SMD 0.28, 95% CI 0.04–0.51, p = 0.02) and blood NO level decreased in NSCLC patients (SMD -0.95, 95% CI -1.89-0.00, p = 0.05) after therapy. Conclusion FeNO and blood NO level would contribute to diagnosis of lung cancer and evaluation of therapy effect, especially for NSCLC patients. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12885-021-08430-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongbin Zhou
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Nutrition, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, 158 Shangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310014, China
| | - Jiuke Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hangzhou Aier Eye Hospital, Zhejiang, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhewen Chen
- Department of Nutrition, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Zhejiang, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ying Chen
- Department of Nutrition, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Zhejiang, Hangzhou, China
| | - Sa Ye
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Nutrition, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, 158 Shangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310014, China. .,Department of Nutrition, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Zhejiang, Hangzhou, China.
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