1
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Dessaux C, Ganier L, Guiraud L, Borg JP. Recent insights into the therapeutic strategies targeting the pseudokinase PTK7 in cancer. Oncogene 2024:10.1038/s41388-024-03060-x. [PMID: 38773263 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-024-03060-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Revised: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/23/2024]
Abstract
The generation of drugs counteracting deregulated protein kinases has been a major focus in cancer therapy development. Breakthroughs in this effort have produced many therapeutic agents to the benefit of patients, mostly through the development of chemical or antibody-based drugs targeting active kinases. These strategies are challenged when considering catalytically inactive protein kinases (or pseudokinases), which represent 10% of the human kinome with many of relevance in cancer. Among the so-called pseudotyrosine kinases, the PTK7 receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) stands as a bona fide target overexpressed in several solid tumors and hematological malignancies and linked to metastasis, poor prognosis, and resistance to treatment. Despite the lack of catalytic activity, PTK7 has signaling capacities through heterodimerization with active RTKs and offers pharmacological targeting opportunities through its inactive kinase domain. Moreover, PTK7-targeting strategies based on antibody-drug conjugates, aptamers, and CAR-T cell-based therapies have demonstrated encouraging results in preclinical and clinical settings. We review the most recent data assigning to PTK7 a prominent role in cancer progression as well as current preclinical and clinical targeting strategies against RTK family pseudokinases including PTK7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Dessaux
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, INSERM, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, CRCM, Equipe labellisée Ligue 'Cell polarity, Cell signaling and Cancer', Marseille, France
| | - Laetitia Ganier
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, INSERM, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, CRCM, Equipe labellisée Ligue 'Cell polarity, Cell signaling and Cancer', Marseille, France
- adMare BioInnovations, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Louis Guiraud
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, INSERM, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, CRCM, Equipe labellisée Ligue 'Cell polarity, Cell signaling and Cancer', Marseille, France
| | - Jean-Paul Borg
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, INSERM, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, CRCM, Equipe labellisée Ligue 'Cell polarity, Cell signaling and Cancer', Marseille, France.
- Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France.
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2
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Li XL, Tei R, Uematsu M, Baskin JM. Ultralow Background Membrane Editors for Spatiotemporal Control of Phosphatidic Acid Metabolism and Signaling. ACS CENTRAL SCIENCE 2024; 10:543-554. [PMID: 38559292 PMCID: PMC10979500 DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.3c01105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Phosphatidic acid (PA) is a multifunctional lipid with important metabolic and signaling functions, and efforts to dissect its pleiotropy demand strategies for perturbing its levels with spatiotemporal precision. Previous membrane editing approaches for generating local PA pools used light-mediated induced proximity to recruit a PA-synthesizing enzyme, phospholipase D (PLD), from the cytosol to the target organelle membrane. Whereas these optogenetic PLDs exhibited high activity, their residual activity in the dark led to undesired chronic lipid production. Here, we report ultralow background membrane editors for PA wherein light directly controls PLD catalytic activity, as opposed to localization and access to substrates, exploiting a light-oxygen-voltage (LOV) domain-based conformational photoswitch inserted into the PLD sequence and enabling their stable and nonperturbative targeting to multiple organelle membranes. By coupling organelle-targeted LOVPLD activation to lipidomics analysis, we discovered different rates of metabolism for PA and its downstream products depending on the subcellular location of PA production. We also elucidated signaling roles for PA pools on different membranes in conferring local activation of AMP-activated protein kinase signaling. This work illustrates how membrane editors featuring acute, optogenetic conformational switches can provide new insights into organelle-selective lipid metabolic and signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang-Ling Li
- Weill
Institute for Cell and Molecular Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
- Department
of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell
University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Reika Tei
- Weill
Institute for Cell and Molecular Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
- Department
of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell
University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Masaaki Uematsu
- Weill
Institute for Cell and Molecular Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
- Department
of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell
University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Jeremy M. Baskin
- Weill
Institute for Cell and Molecular Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
- Department
of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell
University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
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3
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Fang KT, Hung H, Lau NYS, Chi JH, Wu DC, Cheng KH. Development of a Genetically Engineered Mouse Model Recapitulating LKB1 and PTEN Deficiency in Gastric Cancer Pathogenesis. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:5893. [PMID: 38136437 PMCID: PMC10741874 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15245893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The LKB1 and PTEN genes are critical in gastric cancer (G.C.) development. LKB1, a robust tumor suppressor gene, encodes a serine/threonine kinase that directly triggers the activation of AMPK-an integral cellular metabolic kinase. The role of the LKB1 pathway extends to maintaining the stability of epithelial junctions by regulating E-cadherin expression. Conversely, PTEN, a frequently mutated tumor suppressor gene in various human cancers, emerges as a pivotal negative regulator of the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) signaling pathway. This study is set to leverage the H+/K+ ATPase Cre transgene strain to precisely target Cre recombinase expression at parietal cells within the stomach. This strategic maneuver seeks to selectively nullify the functions of both LKB1 and PTEN in a manner specific to the stomach, thereby instigating the development of G.C. in a fashion akin to human gastric adenocarcinoma. Moreover, this study endeavors to dissect the intricate ways in which these alterations contribute to the histopathologic advancement of gastric tumors, their potential for invasiveness and metastasis, their angiogenesis, and the evolving tumor stromal microenvironment. Our results show that conditional deletion of PTEN and LKB1 provides an ideal cancer microenvironment for G.C. tumorigenesis by promoting cancer cell proliferation, angiogenesis, and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuan-Te Fang
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan; (K.-T.F.); (H.H.); (N.Y.S.L.); (J.-H.C.)
| | - Hsin Hung
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan; (K.-T.F.); (H.H.); (N.Y.S.L.); (J.-H.C.)
| | - Nga Yin Sadonna Lau
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan; (K.-T.F.); (H.H.); (N.Y.S.L.); (J.-H.C.)
- Center of Excellence for Metabolic Associated Fatty Liver Disease, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan
| | - Jou-Hsi Chi
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan; (K.-T.F.); (H.H.); (N.Y.S.L.); (J.-H.C.)
- Center of Excellence for Metabolic Associated Fatty Liver Disease, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan
| | - Deng-Chyang Wu
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan;
| | - Kuang-Hung Cheng
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan; (K.-T.F.); (H.H.); (N.Y.S.L.); (J.-H.C.)
- Center of Excellence for Metabolic Associated Fatty Liver Disease, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Tainan 70456, Taiwan
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4
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Prosseda PP, Dannewitz Prosseda S, Tran M, Liton PB, Sun Y. Crosstalk between the mTOR pathway and primary cilia in human diseases. Curr Top Dev Biol 2023; 155:1-37. [PMID: 38043949 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ctdb.2023.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
Autophagy is a fundamental catabolic process whereby excessive or damaged cytoplasmic components are degraded through lysosomes to maintain cellular homeostasis. Studies of mTOR signaling have revealed that mTOR controls biomass generation and metabolism by modulating key cellular processes, including protein synthesis and autophagy. Primary cilia, the assembly of which depends on kinesin molecular motors, serve as sensory organelles and signaling platforms. Given these pathways' central role in maintaining cellular and physiological homeostasis, a connection between mTOR and primary cilia signaling is starting to emerge in a variety of diseases. In this review, we highlight recent advances in our understanding of the complex crosstalk between the mTOR pathway and cilia and discuss its function in the context of related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp P Prosseda
- Department of Ophthalmology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, United States
| | | | - Matthew Tran
- Department of Ophthalmology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, United States
| | - Paloma B Liton
- Department of Ophthalmology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Yang Sun
- Department of Ophthalmology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, United States; Palo Alto Veterans Administration Medical Center, Palo Alto, CA, United States.
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5
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Li XL, Tei R, Uematsu M, Baskin JM. Ultralow background membrane editors for spatiotemporal control of lipid metabolism and signaling. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.08.31.555787. [PMID: 37693485 PMCID: PMC10491157 DOI: 10.1101/2023.08.31.555787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
Phosphatidic acid (PA) is a multifunctional lipid with important metabolic and signaling functions, and efforts to dissect its pleiotropy demand strategies for perturbing its levels with spatiotemporal precision. Previous membrane editing approaches for generating local PA pools used light-mediated induced proximity to recruit a PA-synthesizing enzyme, phospholipase D (PLD), from the cytosol to the target organelle membrane. Whereas these optogenetic PLDs exhibited high activity, their residual activity in the dark led to undesired chronic lipid production. Here, we report ultralow background membrane editors for PA wherein light directly controls PLD catalytic activity, as opposed to localization and access to substrates, exploiting a LOV domain-based conformational photoswitch inserted into the PLD sequence and enabling their stable and non-perturbative targeting to multiple organelle membranes. By coupling organelle-targeted LOVPLD activation to lipidomics analysis, we discovered different rates of metabolism for PA and its downstream products depending on the subcellular location of PA production. We also elucidated signaling roles for PA pools on different membranes in conferring local activation of AMP-activated protein kinase signaling. This work illustrates how membrane editors featuring acute, optogenetic conformational switches can provide new insights into organelle-selective lipid metabolic and signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang-Ling Li
- Weill Institute for Cell and Molecular Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Reika Tei
- Weill Institute for Cell and Molecular Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Masaaki Uematsu
- Weill Institute for Cell and Molecular Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Jeremy M. Baskin
- Weill Institute for Cell and Molecular Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
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6
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Meyer R, Gilman K, Rheinheimer B, Meeks L, Limesand K. AMPK Activation Restores Salivary Function Following Radiation Treatment. J Dent Res 2023; 102:546-554. [PMID: 36726289 PMCID: PMC10249004 DOI: 10.1177/00220345221148983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Head and neck cancers represent a significant portion of cancer diagnoses, with head and neck cancer incidence increasing in some parts of the world. Typical treatment of early-stage head and neck cancers includes either surgery or radiotherapy; however, advanced cases often require surgery followed by radiation and chemotherapy. Salivary gland damage following radiotherapy leads to severe and chronic hypofunction with decreased salivary output, xerostomia, impaired ability to chew and swallow, increased risk of developing oral mucositis, and malnutrition. There is currently no standard of care for radiation-induced salivary gland dysfunction, and treatment is often limited to palliative treatment that provides only temporary relief. Adenosine monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is an enzyme that activates catabolic processes and has been shown to influence the cell cycle, proliferation, and autophagy. In the present study, we found that radiation (IR) treatment decreases tissue levels of phosphorylated AMPK following radiation and decreases intracellular NAD+ and AMP while increasing intracellular adenosine triphosphate. Furthermore, expression of sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) and nicotinamide phosphoribosyl transferase (NAMPT) was lower 5 d following IR. Treatment with AMPK activators, 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide ribonucleotide (AICAR) and metformin, attenuated compensatory proliferation (days 6, 7, and 30) following IR and reversed chronic (day 30) salivary gland dysfunction post-IR. In addition, treatment with metformin or AICAR increased markers of apical/basolateral polarity (phosphorylated aPKCζT560-positive area) and differentiation (amylase-positive area) within irradiated parotid glands to levels similar to untreated controls. Taken together, these data suggest that AMPK may be a novel therapeutic target for treatment of radiation-induced salivary damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- R.K. Meyer
- School of Nutritional Sciences and Wellness,
University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - K.E. Gilman
- School of Nutritional Sciences and Wellness,
University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - B.A. Rheinheimer
- School of Nutritional Sciences and Wellness,
University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - L. Meeks
- School of Nutritional Sciences and Wellness,
University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - K.H. Limesand
- School of Nutritional Sciences and Wellness,
University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
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7
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Tzavlaki K, Ohata Y, Morén A, Watanabe Y, Eriksson J, Tsuchiya M, Kubo Y, Yamamoto K, Sellin ME, Kato M, Caja L, Heldin CH, Moustakas A. The liver kinase B1 supports mammary epithelial morphogenesis by inhibiting critical factors that mediate epithelial-mesenchymal transition. J Cell Physiol 2023; 238:790-812. [PMID: 36791282 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
The liver kinase B1 (LKB1) controls cellular metabolism and cell polarity across species. We previously established a mechanism for negative regulation of transforming growth factor β (TGFβ) signaling by LKB1. The impact of this mechanism in the context of epithelial polarity and morphogenesis remains unknown. After demonstrating that human mammary tissue expresses robust LKB1 protein levels, whereas invasive breast cancer exhibits significantly reduced LKB1 levels, we focused on mammary morphogenesis studies in three dimensional (3D) acinar organoids. CRISPR/Cas9-introduced loss-of-function mutations of STK11 (LKB1) led to profound defects in the formation of 3D organoids, resulting in amorphous outgrowth and loss of rotation of young organoids embedded in matrigel. This defect was associated with an enhanced signaling by TGFβ, including TGFβ auto-induction and induction of transcription factors that mediate epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Protein marker analysis confirmed a more efficient EMT response to TGFβ signaling in LKB1 knockout cells. Accordingly, chemical inhibition of the TGFβ type I receptor kinase largely restored the morphogenetic defect of LKB1 knockout cells. Similarly, chemical inhibition of the bone morphogenetic protein pathway or the TANK-binding kinase 1, or genetic silencing of the EMT factor SNAI1, partially restored the LKB1 knockout defect. Thus, LKB1 sustains mammary epithelial morphogenesis by limiting pathways that promote EMT. The observed downregulation of LKB1 expression in breast cancer is therefore predicted to associate with enhanced EMT induced by SNAI1 and TGFβ family members.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kalliopi Tzavlaki
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Biomedical Center, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Yae Ohata
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Biomedical Center, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Anita Morén
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Biomedical Center, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Yukihide Watanabe
- Department of Experimental Pathology and Transborder Medical Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Jens Eriksson
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Biomedical Center, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Maiko Tsuchiya
- Department of Oral Pathology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Pathology, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuki Kubo
- Department of Comprehensive Pathology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kouhei Yamamoto
- Department of Comprehensive Pathology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mikael E Sellin
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Biomedical Center, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Mitsuyasu Kato
- Department of Experimental Pathology and Transborder Medical Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Laia Caja
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Biomedical Center, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Carl-Henrik Heldin
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Biomedical Center, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Aristidis Moustakas
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Biomedical Center, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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8
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Abstract
Pten is one of the most frequently mutated tumour suppressor gene in cancer. PTEN is generally altered in invasive cancers such as glioblastomas, but its function in collective cell migration and invasion is not fully characterised. Herein, we report that the loss of PTEN increases cell speed during collective migration of non-tumourous cells both in vitro and in vivo. We further show that loss of PTEN promotes LKB1-dependent phosphorylation and activation of the major metabolic regulator AMPK. In turn AMPK increases VASP phosphorylation, reduces VASP localisation at cell-cell junctions and decreases the interjunctional transverse actin arcs at the leading front, provoking a weakening of cell-cell contacts and increasing migration speed. Targeting AMPK activity not only slows down PTEN-depleted cells, it also limits PTEN-null glioblastoma cell invasion, opening new opportunities to treat glioblastoma lethal invasiveness. Pten is a tumour suppressor gene that is associated with highly invasive cancers such as glioblastoma. Here the authors show that PTEN loss results in increased migratory behaviour, which can be countered by targeting AMPK activity.
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9
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Christ B, Collatz M, Dahmen U, Herrmann KH, Höpfl S, König M, Lambers L, Marz M, Meyer D, Radde N, Reichenbach JR, Ricken T, Tautenhahn HM. Hepatectomy-Induced Alterations in Hepatic Perfusion and Function - Toward Multi-Scale Computational Modeling for a Better Prediction of Post-hepatectomy Liver Function. Front Physiol 2021; 12:733868. [PMID: 34867441 PMCID: PMC8637208 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.733868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Liver resection causes marked perfusion alterations in the liver remnant both on the organ scale (vascular anatomy) and on the microscale (sinusoidal blood flow on tissue level). These changes in perfusion affect hepatic functions via direct alterations in blood supply and drainage, followed by indirect changes of biomechanical tissue properties and cellular function. Changes in blood flow impose compression, tension and shear forces on the liver tissue. These forces are perceived by mechanosensors on parenchymal and non-parenchymal cells of the liver and regulate cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions as well as cellular signaling and metabolism. These interactions are key players in tissue growth and remodeling, a prerequisite to restore tissue function after PHx. Their dysregulation is associated with metabolic impairment of the liver eventually leading to liver failure, a serious post-hepatectomy complication with high morbidity and mortality. Though certain links are known, the overall functional change after liver surgery is not understood due to complex feedback loops, non-linearities, spatial heterogeneities and different time-scales of events. Computational modeling is a unique approach to gain a better understanding of complex biomedical systems. This approach allows (i) integration of heterogeneous data and knowledge on multiple scales into a consistent view of how perfusion is related to hepatic function; (ii) testing and generating hypotheses based on predictive models, which must be validated experimentally and clinically. In the long term, computational modeling will (iii) support surgical planning by predicting surgery-induced perfusion perturbations and their functional (metabolic) consequences; and thereby (iv) allow minimizing surgical risks for the individual patient. Here, we review the alterations of hepatic perfusion, biomechanical properties and function associated with hepatectomy. Specifically, we provide an overview over the clinical problem, preoperative diagnostics, functional imaging approaches, experimental approaches in animal models, mechanoperception in the liver and impact on cellular metabolism, omics approaches with a focus on transcriptomics, data integration and uncertainty analysis, and computational modeling on multiple scales. Finally, we provide a perspective on how multi-scale computational models, which couple perfusion changes to hepatic function, could become part of clinical workflows to predict and optimize patient outcome after complex liver surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Christ
- Cell Transplantation/Molecular Hepatology Lab, Department of Visceral, Transplant, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Maximilian Collatz
- RNA Bioinformatics and High-Throughput Analysis, Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
- Optisch-Molekulare Diagnostik und Systemtechnologié, Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology (IPHT), Jena, Germany
- InfectoGnostics Research Campus Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Uta Dahmen
- Experimental Transplantation Surgery, Department of General, Visceral and Vascular Surgery, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Karl-Heinz Herrmann
- Medical Physics Group, Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Sebastian Höpfl
- Faculty of Engineering Design, Production Engineering and Automotive Engineering, Institute for Systems Theory and Automatic Control, University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Matthias König
- Systems Medicine of the Liver Lab, Institute for Theoretical Biology, Humboldt-University Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Lena Lambers
- Faculty of Aerospace Engineering and Geodesy, Institute of Mechanics, Structural Analysis and Dynamics, University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Manja Marz
- RNA Bioinformatics and High-Throughput Analysis, Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Daria Meyer
- RNA Bioinformatics and High-Throughput Analysis, Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Nicole Radde
- Faculty of Engineering Design, Production Engineering and Automotive Engineering, Institute for Systems Theory and Automatic Control, University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Jürgen R. Reichenbach
- Medical Physics Group, Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Tim Ricken
- Faculty of Aerospace Engineering and Geodesy, Institute of Mechanics, Structural Analysis and Dynamics, University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Hans-Michael Tautenhahn
- Department of General, Visceral and Vascular Surgery, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
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10
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Physics of liquid crystals in cell biology. Trends Cell Biol 2021; 32:140-150. [PMID: 34756501 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcb.2021.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Revised: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The past decade has witnessed a rapid growth in understanding of the pivotal roles of mechanical stresses and physical forces in cell biology. As a result, an integrated view of cell biology is evolving, where genetic and molecular features are scrutinised hand in hand with physical and mechanical characteristics of cells. Physics of liquid crystals has emerged as a burgeoning new frontier in cell biology over the past few years, fuelled by an increasing identification of orientational order and topological defects in cell biology, spanning scales from subcellular filaments to individual cells and multicellular tissues. Here, we provide an account of the most recent findings and developments, together with future promises and challenges in this rapidly evolving interdisciplinary research direction.
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11
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Folliculin haploinsufficiency causes cellular dysfunction of pleural mesothelial cells. Sci Rep 2021; 11:10814. [PMID: 34031471 PMCID: PMC8144428 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-90184-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Birt–Hogg–Dubé syndrome (BHDS), an autosomal dominant inheritance disease caused by folliculin (FLCN) mutations, is associated with lung cysts and spontaneous pneumothorax. The possibility of FLCN haploinsufficiency in pleural mesothelial cells (PMCs) contributing to development of pneumothorax has not yet been clarified. Electron microscopy revealed exposed intercellular boundaries between PMCs on visceral pleura and decreased electron density around the adherens junctions in BHDS. To characterize cellular function of PMCs in BHDS patients (BHDS-PMCs), during surgery for pneumothorax, we established the flow cytometry-based methods of isolating high-purity PMCs from pleural lavage fluid. BHDS-PMCs showed impaired cell attachment and a significant decrease in proliferation and migration, but a significant increase in apoptosis compared with PMCs from primary spontaneous pneumothorax (PSP) patients (PSP-PMCs). Microarray analysis using isolated PMCs revealed a significant alteration in the expression of genes belonging to Gene Ontology terms “cell–cell adhesion junction” and “cell adhesion molecule binding”. Gene set enrichment analysis demonstrated that CDH1, encoding E-cadherin, was identified in the down-regulated leading edge of a plot in BHDS-PMCs. AMPK and LKB1 activation were significantly impaired in BHDS-PMCs compared with PSP-PMCs. Our findings indicate that FLCN haploinsufficiency may affect the E-cadherin-LKB1-AMPK axis and lead to abnormal cellular function in BHDS-PMCs.
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12
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Yashirogi S, Nagao T, Nishida Y, Takahashi Y, Qaqorh T, Yazawa I, Katayama T, Kioka H, Matsui TS, Saito S, Masumura Y, Tsukamoto O, Kato H, Ueda H, Yamaguchi O, Yashiro K, Yamazaki S, Takashima S, Shintani Y. AMPK regulates cell shape of cardiomyocytes by modulating turnover of microtubules through CLIP-170. EMBO Rep 2021; 22:e50949. [PMID: 33251722 PMCID: PMC7788454 DOI: 10.15252/embr.202050949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Revised: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a multifunctional kinase that regulates microtubule (MT) dynamic instability through CLIP-170 phosphorylation; however, its physiological relevance in vivo remains to be elucidated. In this study, we identified an active form of AMPK localized at the intercalated disks in the heart, a specific cell-cell junction present between cardiomyocytes. A contractile inhibitor, MYK-461, prevented the localization of AMPK at the intercalated disks, and the effect was reversed by the removal of MYK-461, suggesting that the localization of AMPK is regulated by mechanical stress. Time-lapse imaging analysis revealed that the inhibition of CLIP-170 Ser-311 phosphorylation by AMPK leads to the accumulation of MTs at the intercalated disks. Interestingly, MYK-461 increased the individual cell area of cardiomyocytes in CLIP-170 phosphorylation-dependent manner. Moreover, heart-specific CLIP-170 S311A transgenic mice demonstrated elongation of cardiomyocytes along with accumulated MTs, leading to progressive decline in cardiac contraction. In conclusion, these findings suggest that AMPK regulates the cell shape and aspect ratio of cardiomyocytes by modulating the turnover of MTs through homeostatic phosphorylation of CLIP-170 at the intercalated disks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shohei Yashirogi
- Department of Medical BiochemistryOsaka University Graduate School of Frontier Biological ScienceSuita, OsakaJapan
| | - Takemasa Nagao
- Department of Medical BiochemistryOsaka University Graduate School of Frontier Biological ScienceSuita, OsakaJapan
- Department of Molecular PharmacologyNational Cerebral and Cardiovascular CenterSuita, OsakaJapan
| | - Yuya Nishida
- Department of Medical BiochemistryOsaka University Graduate School of Frontier Biological ScienceSuita, OsakaJapan
- Department of Molecular PharmacologyNational Cerebral and Cardiovascular CenterSuita, OsakaJapan
| | - Yusuke Takahashi
- Department of Molecular PharmacologyNational Cerebral and Cardiovascular CenterSuita, OsakaJapan
| | - Tasneem Qaqorh
- Department of Medical BiochemistryOsaka University Graduate School of Frontier Biological ScienceSuita, OsakaJapan
- Department of Molecular PharmacologyNational Cerebral and Cardiovascular CenterSuita, OsakaJapan
| | - Issei Yazawa
- Department of Medical BiochemistryOsaka University Graduate School of Frontier Biological ScienceSuita, OsakaJapan
- Department of Molecular PharmacologyNational Cerebral and Cardiovascular CenterSuita, OsakaJapan
| | - Toru Katayama
- Department of Medical BiochemistryOsaka University Graduate School of Frontier Biological ScienceSuita, OsakaJapan
| | - Hidetaka Kioka
- Department of Cardiovascular MedicineOsaka University Graduate School of MedicineSuita, OsakaJapan
| | - Tsubasa S Matsui
- Division of BioengineeringGraduate School of Engineering ScienceOsaka UniversityToyonakaJapan
| | - Shigeyoshi Saito
- Department of Biomedical ImagingNational Cardiovascular and Cerebral Research CenterSuita, OsakaJapan
- Department of Medical Physics and EngineeringDivision of Health SciencesOsaka University Graduate School of MedicineSuita, OsakaJapan
| | - Yuki Masumura
- Department of Cardiovascular MedicineOsaka University Graduate School of MedicineSuita, OsakaJapan
| | - Osamu Tsukamoto
- Department of Medical BiochemistryOsaka University Graduate School of Frontier Biological ScienceSuita, OsakaJapan
| | - Hisakazu Kato
- Department of Medical BiochemistryOsaka University Graduate School of Frontier Biological ScienceSuita, OsakaJapan
| | - Hiromichi Ueda
- Department of Cardiovascular MedicineOsaka University Graduate School of MedicineSuita, OsakaJapan
| | - Osamu Yamaguchi
- Department of Cardiovascular MedicineOsaka University Graduate School of MedicineSuita, OsakaJapan
- Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, Hypertension and NephrologyEhime University Graduate School of MedicineShitsukawa, EhimeJapan
| | - Kenta Yashiro
- Division of Anatomy and Developmental BiologyDepartment of AnatomyKyoto Prefectural University of MedicineKyotoJapan
| | - Satoru Yamazaki
- Department of Molecular PharmacologyNational Cerebral and Cardiovascular CenterSuita, OsakaJapan
| | - Seiji Takashima
- Department of Medical BiochemistryOsaka University Graduate School of Frontier Biological ScienceSuita, OsakaJapan
- Japan Science and Technology Agency‐Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (CREST)KawaguchiJapan
| | - Yasunori Shintani
- Department of Medical BiochemistryOsaka University Graduate School of Frontier Biological ScienceSuita, OsakaJapan
- Department of Molecular PharmacologyNational Cerebral and Cardiovascular CenterSuita, OsakaJapan
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13
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LSR promotes epithelial ovarian cancer cell survival under energy stress through the LKB1-AMPK pathway. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2020; 537:93-99. [PMID: 33388415 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2020.12.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Revised: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Lipolysis-stimulated lipoprotein receptor (LSR), also known as a component of tricellular tight junctions, is highly expressing in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). However, the biological role of LSR in EOC cells remains unclear. In this study, we evaluated liver kinase B1 (LKB1) mediated AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activity and investigated the effect of LSR on EOC cell survival under energy stress. LSR increased the levels of phospho-AMPKα at Thr172 and phospho-acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) at Ser79 via LKB1-AMPK pathway in glucose deprivation in vitro. The increase of P-AMPKα (Thr172) and P-ACC (Ser79) was also detected in tumor microenvironment in vivo. Meanwhile, LSR promoted LKB1 localization at the cell membrane of EOC cells. By cell survival analysis, LSR attenuated glucose deprivation-induced cell death in EOC cells in vitro. Our results suggest that LSR promotes EOC cell survival and tumor growth through the LKB1-AMPK pathway.
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14
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Transcriptional suppression of AMPKα1 promotes breast cancer metastasis upon oncogene activation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2020; 117:8013-8021. [PMID: 32193335 PMCID: PMC7148563 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1914786117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Oncogenic hotspot mutations in PIK3CA and overexpression of HER2 are known as a driving force for human breast cancer metastasis. AMPK is pivotal in maintaining cellular energy homeostasis. In this study, we demonstrate that transcription inhibition of AMPKα1 is critically important in human advanced breast cancer with poor clinical outcomes, that AMPKα1 is transcriptionally inhibited in response to activation of PI3K/HER2, and that ΔNp63α, a tumor metastasis suppressor, is a direct transcriptional factor mediating oncogenic PI3K/HER2-induced transcriptional suppression of AMPKα1. In addition, inhibition of AMPK leads to disruption of cell–cell adhesion and promotes cancer metastasis. This study highlights a critical role for AMPK in the connection of cell–cell adhesion and cancer metastasis. AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) functions as an energy sensor and is pivotal in maintaining cellular metabolic homeostasis. Numerous studies have shown that down-regulation of AMPK kinase activity or protein stability not only lead to abnormality of metabolism but also contribute to tumor development. However, whether transcription regulation of AMPK plays a critical role in cancer metastasis remains unknown. In this study, we demonstrate that AMPKα1 expression is down-regulated in advanced human breast cancer and is associated with poor clinical outcomes. Transcription of AMPKα1 is inhibited on activation of PI3K and HER2 through ΔNp63α. Ablation of AMPKα1 expression or inhibition of AMPK kinase activity leads to disruption of E-cadherin-mediated cell–cell adhesion in vitro and increased tumor metastasis in vivo. Furthermore, restoration of AMPKα1 expression significantly rescues PI3K/HER2-induced disruption of cell–cell adhesion, cell invasion, and cancer metastasis. Together, these results demonstrate that the transcription control is another layer of AMPK regulation and suggest a critical role for AMPK in regulating cell–cell adhesion and cancer metastasis.
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15
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Chauhan AS, Zhuang L, Gan B. Spatial control of AMPK signaling at subcellular compartments. Crit Rev Biochem Mol Biol 2020; 55:17-32. [PMID: 32069425 DOI: 10.1080/10409238.2020.1727840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a master regulator of energy homeostasis that functions to restore the energy balance by phosphorylating its substrates during altered metabolic conditions. AMPK activity is tightly controlled by diverse regulators including its upstream kinases LKB1 and CaMKK2. Recent studies have also identified the localization of AMPK at different intracellular compartments as another key mechanism for regulating AMPK signaling in response to specific stimuli. This review discusses the AMPK signaling associated with different subcellular compartments, including lysosomes, endoplasmic reticulum, mitochondria, Golgi apparatus, nucleus, and cell junctions. Because altered AMPK signaling is associated with various pathologic conditions including cancer, targeting AMPK signaling in different subcellular compartments may present attractive therapeutic approaches for treatment of disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anoop Singh Chauhan
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.,Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Li Zhuang
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Boyi Gan
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.,Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.,Health Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Texas MD Anderson UT, Houston, TX, USA
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16
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Reciprocal Association between the Apical Junctional Complex and AMPK: A Promising Therapeutic Target for Epithelial/Endothelial Barrier Function? Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20236012. [PMID: 31795328 PMCID: PMC6928779 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20236012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2019] [Revised: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Epithelial/endothelial cells adhere to each other via cell–cell junctions including tight junctions (TJs) and adherens junctions (AJs). TJs and AJs are spatiotemporally and functionally integrated, and are thus often collectively defined as apical junctional complexes (AJCs), regulating a number of spatiotemporal events including paracellular barrier, selective permeability, apicobasal cell polarity, mechano-sensing, intracellular signaling cascades, and epithelial morphogenesis. Over the past 15 years, it has been acknowledged that adenosine monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase (AMPK), a well-known central regulator of energy metabolism, has a reciprocal association with AJCs. Here, we review the current knowledge of this association and show the following evidences: (1) as an upstream regulator, AJs activate the liver kinase B1 (LKB1)–AMPK axis particularly in response to applied junctional tension, and (2) TJ function and apicobasal cell polarization are downstream targets of AMPK and are promoted by AMPK activation. Although molecular mechanisms underlying these phenomena have not yet been completely elucidated, identifications of novel AMPK effectors in AJCs and AMPK-driven epithelial transcription factors have enhanced our knowledge. More intensive studies along this line would eventually lead to the development of AMPK-based therapies, enabling us to manipulate epithelial/endothelial barrier function.
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17
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Abstract
Cell-cell junctions are specializations of the plasma membrane responsible for physically integrating cells into tissues. We are now beginning to appreciate the diverse impacts that mechanical forces exert upon the integrity and function of these junctions. Currently, this is best understood for cadherin-based adherens junctions in epithelia and endothelia, where cell-cell adhesion couples the contractile cytoskeletons of cells together to generate tissue-scale tension. Junctional tension participates in morphogenesis and tissue homeostasis. Changes in tension can also be detected by mechanotransduction pathways that allow cells to communicate with each other. In this review, we discuss progress in characterising the forces present at junctions in physiological conditions; the cellular mechanisms that generate intrinsic tension and detect changes in tension; and, finally, we consider how tissue integrity is maintained in the face of junctional stresses.
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18
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Xu Y, Gao Y, Huang Z, Zheng Y, Teng W, Zheng D, Zheng X. LKB1 suppresses androgen synthesis in a mouse model of hyperandrogenism via IGF-1 signaling. FEBS Open Bio 2019; 9:1817-1825. [PMID: 31433577 PMCID: PMC6768104 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.12723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Revised: 05/30/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a major cause of anovulatory sterility in women, and most PCOS patients exhibit hyperandrogenism (HA). Liver kinase b1 (LKB1) is a tumor suppressor that has recently been reported to be involved in PCOS. However, the mechanism by which LKB1 affects HA has not previously been elucidated. We report here that ovarian LKB1 levels are significantly decreased in a female mouse model of HA. Moreover, we report that LKB1 expression is inhibited by elevated androgens via activation of androgen receptors. In addition, LKB1 treatment was observed to suppress androgen synthesis in theca cells and promote estrogen production in granulosa cells by regulating steroidogenic enzyme expression. As expected, LKB1 knockdown inhibited estrogen levels and enhanced androgen levels, and LKB1‐transgenic mice were protected against HA. The effect of LKB1 appears to be mediated via IGF‐1 signaling. In summary, we describe here a key role for LKB1 in controlling sex hormone levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Xu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the 476th Hospital of PLA, Fuzhou, China.,Fuzong Clinical College, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yongxing Gao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Zhongda Hospital Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zufang Huang
- Key Laboratory of OptoElectronic Science and Technology for Medicine of Ministry of Education, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Photonics Technology, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yan Zheng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the 476th Hospital of PLA, Fuzhou, China
| | - Wenjuan Teng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the 476th Hospital of PLA, Fuzhou, China
| | - Deyan Zheng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the 476th Hospital of PLA, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xiaohua Zheng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the 476th Hospital of PLA, Fuzhou, China
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19
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Li X, Tang X, Su J, Xu G, Zhao L, Qi Q. Involvement of E-cadherin/AMPK/mTOR axis in LKB1-induced sensitivity of non-small cell lung cancer to gambogic acid. Biochem Pharmacol 2019; 169:113635. [PMID: 31513784 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2019.113635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2019] [Accepted: 09/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Liver kinase B1 (LKB1) is a tumor suppressor that functions as master regulator of cell growth, metabolism, survival, and polarity. Patients with NSCLC possessing mutated LKB1 respond to chemotherapy differently from those with wild-type LKB1. Gambogic acid (GA), a small molecule from natural product, has been established as an anti-tumor agent due to its potent activity and low toxicity. Here, we find out that NSCLC cells with wild-type LKB1 are more sensitive to GA in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistic studies pinpoint that the selective inhibition of mTOR signaling confers the stronger suppression of NSCLC in presence of wild-type LKB1, which is involved in the enhancement of p-AMPK. Further studies reveal that GA increases p-AMPK levels through up-regulation of E-cadherin associated with LKB1. In addition, induction of E-cadherin by GA may be through down-regulation of ZEB1, which is independent with LKB1 status. Hence, our findings support that enhanced E-cadherin by GA cooperates LKB1, leading to up-regulation of p-AMPK, and thus blocking of mTOR signaling pathway, which provide theoretical foundation for utilization of GA as a potential targeted drug against NSCLC harboring wild-type LKB1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaosu Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450003, Henan Province, PR China
| | - Xueyi Tang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450003, Henan Province, PR China
| | - Jin Su
- Department of Pharmacology, Clinical Translational Center for Targeted Drug, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, Guangdong Province, PR China
| | - Guofang Xu
- Zhengzhou People's Hospital, Zhengzhou 450003, Henan Province, PR China
| | - Limin Zhao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450003, Henan Province, PR China.
| | - Qi Qi
- Department of Pharmacology, Clinical Translational Center for Targeted Drug, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, Guangdong Province, PR China.
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20
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Tang Z, Ye W, Chen H, Kuang X, Guo J, Xiang M, Peng C, Chen X, Liu H. Role of purines in regulation of metabolic reprogramming. Purinergic Signal 2019; 15:423-438. [PMID: 31493132 DOI: 10.1007/s11302-019-09676-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2019] [Accepted: 06/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Purines, among most influential molecules, are reported to have essential biological function by regulating various cell types. A large number of studies have led to the discovery of many biological functions of the purine nucleotides such as ATP, ADP, and adenosine, as signaling molecules that engage G protein-coupled or ligand-gated ion channel receptors. The role of purines in the regulation of cellular functions at the gene or protein level has been well documented. With the advances in multiomics, including those from metabolomic and bioinformatic analyses, metabolic reprogramming was identified as a key mechanism involved in the regulation of cellular function under physiological or pathological conditions. Recent studies suggest that purines or purine-derived products contribute to important regulatory functions in many fundamental biological and pathological processes related to metabolic reprogramming. Therefore, this review summarizes the role and potential mechanism of purines in the regulation of metabolic reprogramming. In particular, the molecular mechanisms of extracellular purine- and intracellular purine-mediated metabolic regulation in various cells during disease development are discussed. In summary, our review provides an extensive resource for studying the regulatory role of purines in metabolic reprogramming and sheds light on the utilization of the corresponding peptides or proteins for disease diagnosis and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenwei Tang
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Skin Health and Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Clinical Medicine Eight-Year Program, Xiangya Medical School of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Wenrui Ye
- Clinical Medicine Eight-Year Program, Xiangya Medical School of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Haotian Chen
- Clinical Medicine Eight-Year Program, Xiangya Medical School of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xinwei Kuang
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Skin Health and Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jia Guo
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Skin Health and Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Minmin Xiang
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Skin Health and Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Cong Peng
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Skin Health and Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xiang Chen
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Skin Health and Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
| | - Hong Liu
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Skin Health and Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
- Center for Molecular Metabolomics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
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21
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Sousa B, Pereira J, Paredes J. The Crosstalk Between Cell Adhesion and Cancer Metabolism. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E1933. [PMID: 31010154 PMCID: PMC6515343 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20081933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2019] [Revised: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 04/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer cells preferentially use aerobic glycolysis over mitochondria oxidative phosphorylation for energy production, and this metabolic reprogramming is currently recognized as a hallmark of cancer. Oncogenic signaling frequently converges with this metabolic shift, increasing cancer cells' ability to produce building blocks and energy, as well as to maintain redox homeostasis. Alterations in cell-cell and cell-extracellular matrix (ECM) adhesion promote cancer cell invasion, intravasation, anchorage-independent survival in circulation, and extravasation, as well as homing in a distant organ. Importantly, during this multi-step metastatic process, cells need to induce metabolic rewiring, in order to produce the energy needed, as well as to impair oxidative stress. Although the individual implications of adhesion molecules and metabolic reprogramming in cancer have been widely explored over the years, the crosstalk between cell adhesion molecular machinery and metabolic pathways is far from being clearly understood, in both normal and cancer contexts. This review summarizes our understanding about the influence of cell-cell and cell-matrix adhesion in the metabolic behavior of cancer cells, with a special focus concerning the role of classical cadherins, such as Epithelial (E)-cadherin and Placental (P)-cadherin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bárbara Sousa
- Ipatimup-Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal.
- i3S, Institute of Investigation and Innovation in Health, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Joana Pereira
- Ipatimup-Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal.
- i3S, Institute of Investigation and Innovation in Health, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Joana Paredes
- Ipatimup-Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal.
- i3S, Institute of Investigation and Innovation in Health, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal.
- Medical Faculty of the University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal.
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22
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Abstract
The essential liver exocrine and endocrine functions require a precise spatial arrangement of the hepatic lobule consisting of the central vein, portal vein, hepatic artery, intrahepatic bile duct system, and hepatocyte zonation. This allows blood to be carried through the liver parenchyma sampled by all hepatocytes and bile produced by the hepatocytes to be carried out of the liver through the intrahepatic bile duct system composed of cholangiocytes. The molecular orchestration of multiple signaling pathways and epigenetic factors is required to set up lineage restriction of the bipotential hepatoblast progenitor into the hepatocyte and cholangiocyte cell lineages, and to further refine cell fate heterogeneity within each cell lineage reflected in the functional heterogeneity of hepatocytes and cholangiocytes. In addition to the complex molecular regulation, there is a complicated morphogenetic choreography observed in building the refined hepatic epithelial architecture. Given the multifaceted molecular and cellular regulation, it is not surprising that impairment of any of these processes can result in acute and chronic hepatobiliary diseases. To enlighten the development of potential molecular and cellular targets for therapeutic options, an understanding of how the intricate hepatic molecular and cellular interactions are regulated is imperative. Here, we review the signaling pathways and epigenetic factors regulating hepatic cell lineages, fates, and epithelial architecture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stacey S Huppert
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States; Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, United States.
| | - Makiko Iwafuchi-Doi
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, United States; Division of Developmental Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States
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23
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Mapping Cellular Polarity Networks Using Mass Spectrometry-based Strategies. J Mol Biol 2018; 430:3545-3564. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2018.05.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2018] [Revised: 05/11/2018] [Accepted: 05/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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24
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Majd S, Power JHT, Chataway TK, Grantham HJM. A comparison of LKB1/AMPK/mTOR metabolic axis response to global ischaemia in brain, heart, liver and kidney in a rat model of cardiac arrest. BMC Cell Biol 2018; 19:7. [PMID: 29921218 PMCID: PMC6010165 DOI: 10.1186/s12860-018-0159-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2017] [Accepted: 06/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cellular energy failure in high metabolic rate organs is one of the underlying causes for many disorders such as neurodegenerative diseases, cardiomyopathies, liver and renal failures. In the past decade, numerous studies have discovered the cellular axis of LKB1/AMPK/mTOR as an essential modulator of cell homeostasis in response to energy stress. Through regulating adaptive mechanisms, this axis adjusts the energy availability to its demand by a systematized control on metabolism. Energy stress, however, could be sensed at different levels in various tissues, leading to applying different strategies in response to hypoxic insults. METHODS Here the immediate strategies of high metabolic rate organs to time-dependent short episodes of ischaemia were studied by using a rat model (n = 6/group) of cardiac arrest (CA) (15 and 30 s, 1, 2, 4 and 8 min CA). Using western blot analysis, we examined the responses of LKB1/AMPK/mTOR pathway in brain, heart, liver and kidney from 15 s up to 8 min of global ischaemia. The ratio of ADP/ATP was assessed in all ischemic and control groups, using ApoSENSOR bioluminescent assay kit. RESULTS Brain, followed by kidney showed the early dephosphorylation response in AMPK (Thr172) and LKB1 (Ser431); in the absence of ATP decline (ADP/ATP elevation). Dephosphorylation of AMPK was followed by rephosphorylation and hyperphosphorylation, which was associated with a significant ATP decline. While heart's activity of AMPK and LKB1 remained at the same level during short episodes of ischaemia, liver's LKB1 was dephosphorylated after 2 min. AMPK response to ischaemia in liver was mainly based on an early alternative and a late constant hyperphosphorylation. No significant changes was observed in mTOR activity in all groups. CONCLUSION Together our results suggest that early AMPK dephosphorylation followed by late hyperphosphorylation is the strategy of brain and kidney in response to ischaemia. While the liver seemed to get benefit of its AMPK system in early ischameia, possibly to stabilize ATP, the level of LKB1/AMPK activity in heart remained unchanged in short ischaemic episodes up to 8 min. Further researches must be conducted to elucidate the molecular mechanism underlying LKB1/AMPK response to oxygen supply.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shohreh Majd
- Centre for Neuroscience, Neuronal Injury and Repair Laboratory, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA 5042 Australia
- Centre for Neuroscience, Neuronal Injury and Repair Laboratory, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5042 Australia
| | - John H. T. Power
- Centre for Neuroscience, Neuronal Injury and Repair Laboratory, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5042 Australia
| | - Timothy K. Chataway
- Proteomics Facility, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA 5042 Australia
| | - Hugh J. M. Grantham
- Centre for Neuroscience, Neuronal Injury and Repair Laboratory, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5042 Australia
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Lee Y, Kim NH, Cho ES, Yang JH, Cha YH, Kang HE, Yun JS, Cho SB, Lee SH, Paclikova P, Radaszkiewicz TW, Bryja V, Kang CG, Yuk YS, Cha SY, Kim SY, Kim HS, Yook JI. Dishevelled has a YAP nuclear export function in a tumor suppressor context-dependent manner. Nat Commun 2018; 9:2301. [PMID: 29895829 PMCID: PMC5997650 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-04757-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2017] [Accepted: 05/22/2018] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Phosphorylation-dependent YAP translocation is a well-known intracellular mechanism of the Hippo pathway; however, the molecular effectors governing YAP cytoplasmic translocation remains undefined. Recent findings indicate that oncogenic YAP paradoxically suppresses Wnt activity. Here, we show that Wnt scaffolding protein Dishevelled (DVL) is responsible for cytosolic translocation of phosphorylated YAP. Mutational inactivation of the nuclear export signal embedded in DVL leads to nuclear YAP retention, with an increase in TEAD transcriptional activity. DVL is also required for YAP subcellular localization induced by E-cadherin, α-catenin, or AMPK activation. Importantly, the nuclear-cytoplasmic trafficking is dependent on the p53-Lats2 or LKB1-AMPK tumor suppressor axes, which determine YAP phosphorylation status. In vivo and clinical data support that the loss of p53 or LKB1 relieves DVL-linked reciprocal inhibition between the Wnt and nuclear YAP activity. Our observations provide mechanistic insights into controlled proliferation coupled with epithelial polarity during development and human cancer. Hippo and Wnt pathways are important for cancer development, and they can cross talk; however, the mechanisms behind this connection are unknown. Here the authors show that DVL (a scaffold protein in the Wnt pathway) regulates the shuttling of YAP (a key component of the Hippo pathway) between cytoplasm and nucleus in specific tumor suppressor contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoonmi Lee
- Department of Oral Pathology, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, 03722, Korea.,Oral Cancer Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, 03722, Korea
| | - Nam Hee Kim
- Oral Cancer Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, 03722, Korea
| | - Eunae Sandra Cho
- Department of Oral Pathology, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, 03722, Korea
| | - Ji Hye Yang
- Department of Oral Pathology, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, 03722, Korea
| | - Yong Hoon Cha
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, 03722, Korea
| | - Hee Eun Kang
- Department of Oral Pathology, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, 03722, Korea
| | - Jun Seop Yun
- Department of Oral Pathology, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, 03722, Korea
| | - Sue Bean Cho
- Oral Cancer Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, 03722, Korea
| | - Seon-Hyeong Lee
- Cancer Cell and Molecular Biology Branch, National Cancer Center, Ilsan, 10408, Korea
| | - Petra Paclikova
- Institute of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, 62500, Czech Republic
| | - Tomasz W Radaszkiewicz
- Institute of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, 62500, Czech Republic
| | - Vitezslav Bryja
- Institute of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, 62500, Czech Republic
| | - Chi Gu Kang
- Department of Oral Pathology, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, 03722, Korea
| | - Young Soo Yuk
- Department of Oral Pathology, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, 03722, Korea
| | - So Young Cha
- Department of Oral Pathology, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, 03722, Korea
| | - Soo-Youl Kim
- Cancer Cell and Molecular Biology Branch, National Cancer Center, Ilsan, 10408, Korea
| | - Hyun Sil Kim
- Oral Cancer Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, 03722, Korea.
| | - Jong In Yook
- Department of Oral Pathology, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, 03722, Korea.
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Abstract
The tumor suppressor LKB1 is an essential serine/threonine kinase, which regulates various cellular processes such as cell metabolism, cell proliferation, cell polarity, and cell migration. Germline mutations in the STK11 gene (encoding LKB1) are the cause of the Peutz-Jeghers syndrome, which is characterized by benign polyps in the intestine and a higher risk for the patients to develop intestinal and extraintestinal tumors. Moreover, mutations and misregulation of LKB1 have been reported to occur in most types of tumors and are among the most common aberrations in lung cancer. LKB1 activates several downstream kinases of the AMPK family by direct phosphorylation in the T-loop. In particular the activation of AMPK upon energetic stress has been intensively analyzed in various diseases, including cancer to induce a metabolic switch from anabolism towards catabolism to regulate energy homeostasis and cell survival. In contrast, the regulation of LKB1 itself has long been only poorly understood. Only in the last years, several proteins and posttranslational modifications of LKB1 have been analyzed to control its localization, activity and recognition of substrates. Here, we summarize the current knowledge about the upstream regulation of LKB1, which is important for the understanding of the pathogenesis of many types of tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer L Bays
- a Department of Biochemistry, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine , University of Iowa , Iowa City , IA , USA
| | - Kris A DeMali
- a Department of Biochemistry, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine , University of Iowa , Iowa City , IA , USA
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Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Accelerate Epithelial Tight Junction Assembly via the AMP-Activated Protein Kinase Pathway, Independently of Liver Kinase B1. Stem Cells Int 2017; 2017:9717353. [PMID: 28781597 PMCID: PMC5525096 DOI: 10.1155/2017/9717353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2017] [Accepted: 05/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) are fibroblast-like multipotent cells capable of tissue-repair properties. Given the essentiality of tight junctions (TJ) in epithelial integrity, we hypothesized that MSC modulate TJ formation, via the AMP-activated kinase (AMPK) pathway. Liver kinase-β1 (LKB1) and Ca2+-calmodulin-dependent protein kinase kinase (CaMKK) represent the main kinases that activate AMPK. METHODS The in vitro Ca2+ switch from 5 μM to 1.8 mM was performed using epithelial Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells cultured alone or cocultured with rat bone marrow-derived MSC or preexposed to MSC-conditioned medium. TJ assembly was measured by assessing ZO-1 relocation to cell-cell contacts. Experiments were conducted using MDCK stably expressing short-hairpin-RNA (shRNA) against LKB1 or luciferase (LUC, as controls). Compound STO-609 (50 μM) was used as CaMKK inhibitor. RESULTS Following Ca2+ switch, ZO-1 relocation and phosphorylation/activation of AMPK were significantly higher in MDCK/MSC compared to MDCK. No difference in AMPK phosphorylation was observed between LKB1-shRNA and Luc-shRNA MDCK following Ca2+ switch. Conversely, incubation with STO-609 prior to Ca2+ switch prevented AMPK phosphorylation and ZO-1 relocation. MSC-conditioned medium slightly but significantly increased AMPK activation and accelerated TJ-associated distribution of ZO-1 post Ca2+ switch in comparison to regular medium. CONCLUSIONS MSC modulate the assembly of epithelial TJ, via the CaMKK/AMPK pathway independently of LKB1.
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Membrane-binding and activation of LKB1 by phosphatidic acid is essential for development and tumour suppression. Nat Commun 2017. [PMID: 28649994 PMCID: PMC5490199 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms15747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The serine/threonine kinase LKB1 regulates various cellular processes such as cell proliferation, energy homeostasis and cell polarity and is frequently downregulated in various tumours. Many downstream pathways controlled by LKB1 have been described but little is known about the upstream regulatory mechanisms. Here we show that targeting of the kinase to the membrane by a direct binding of LKB1 to phosphatidic acid is essential to fully activate its kinase activity. Consequently, LKB1 mutants that are deficient for membrane binding fail to activate the downstream target AMPK to control mTOR signalling. Furthermore, the in vivo function of LKB1 during development of Drosophila depends on its capacity to associate with membranes. Strikingly, we find LKB1 to be downregulated in malignant melanoma, which exhibit aberrant activation of Akt and overexpress phosphatidic acid generating Phospholipase D. These results provide evidence for a fundamental mechanism of LKB1 activation and its implication in vivo and during carcinogenesis. LKB1 regulates various cellular processes such as cell proliferation, energy homeostasis and cell polarity and is frequently downregulated in various tumours. Here the authors show that LKB1 activation requires direct binding to phospholipids and show this has an implication for carcinogenesis.
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Bays JL, Campbell HK, Heidema C, Sebbagh M, DeMali KA. Linking E-cadherin mechanotransduction to cell metabolism through force-mediated activation of AMPK. Nat Cell Biol 2017; 19:724-731. [PMID: 28553939 PMCID: PMC5494977 DOI: 10.1038/ncb3537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2017] [Accepted: 04/24/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The response of cells to mechanical force is a major determinant of cell behaviour and is an energetically costly event. How cells derive energy to resist mechanical force is unknown. Here, we show that application of force to E-cadherin stimulates liver kinase B1 (LKB1) to activate AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), a master regulator of energy homeostasis. LKB1 recruits AMPK to the E-cadherin mechanotransduction complex, thereby stimulating actomyosin contractility, glucose uptake and ATP production. The increase in ATP provides energy to reinforce the adhesion complex and actin cytoskeleton so that the cell can resist physiological forces. Together, these findings reveal a paradigm for how mechanotransduction and metabolism are linked and provide a framework for understanding how diseases involving contractile and metabolic disturbances arise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer L Bays
- Department of Biochemistry, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, USA
| | - Hannah K Campbell
- Department of Biochemistry, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, USA
| | - Christy Heidema
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Molecular and Cellular Biology, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, USA
| | - Michael Sebbagh
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille, Aix Marseille University UM105, Institut Paoli Calmettes, UMR7258 CNRS, U1068 INSERM, Cell Polarity, Cell signalling and Cancer-Equipe labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Marseille 13273, France
| | - Kris A DeMali
- Department of Biochemistry, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, USA.,Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Molecular and Cellular Biology, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, USA
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Just PA, Poncy A, Charawi S, Dahmani R, Traore M, Dumontet T, Drouet V, Dumont F, Gilgenkrantz H, Colnot S, Terris B, Coulouarn C, Lemaigre F, Perret C. LKB1 and Notch Pathways Interact and Control Biliary Morphogenesis. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0145400. [PMID: 26689699 PMCID: PMC4687046 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0145400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2015] [Accepted: 12/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background LKB1 is an evolutionary conserved kinase implicated in a wide range of cellular functions including inhibition of cell proliferation, regulation of cell polarity and metabolism. When Lkb1 is inactivated in the liver, glucose homeostasis is perturbed, cellular polarity is affected and cholestasis develops. Cholestasis occurs as a result from deficient bile duct development, yet how LKB1 impacts on biliary morphogenesis is unknown. Methodology/Principal Findings We characterized the phenotype of mice in which deletion of the Lkb1 gene has been specifically targeted to the hepatoblasts. Our results confirmed that lack of LKB1 in the liver results in bile duct paucity leading to cholestasis. Immunostaining analysis at a prenatal stage showed that LKB1 is not required for differentiation of hepatoblasts to cholangiocyte precursors but promotes maturation of the primitive ductal structures to mature bile ducts. This phenotype is similar to that obtained upon inactivation of Notch signaling in the liver. We tested the hypothesis of a functional overlap between the LKB1 and Notch pathways by gene expression profiling of livers deficient in Lkb1 or in the Notch mediator RbpJκ and identified a mutual cross-talk between LKB1 and Notch signaling. In vitro experiments confirmed that Notch activity was deficient upon LKB1 loss. Conclusion LKB1 and Notch share a common genetic program in the liver, and regulate bile duct morphogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre-Alexandre Just
- INSERM, U1016, Institut Cochin, F-75014 Paris, France
- CNRS, UMR8104, F-75014 Paris, France
- Université Paris Descartes, F-75014 Paris, France
- Equipe labellisée LNCC Paris, Paris, France
- APHP, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Centre, Hôpital Cochin, Pathology department, F-75014 Paris, France
| | - Alexis Poncy
- de Duve Institute and Université catholique de Louvain, B-1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Sara Charawi
- INSERM, U1016, Institut Cochin, F-75014 Paris, France
- CNRS, UMR8104, F-75014 Paris, France
- Université Paris Descartes, F-75014 Paris, France
- Equipe labellisée LNCC Paris, Paris, France
| | - Rajae Dahmani
- INSERM, U1016, Institut Cochin, F-75014 Paris, France
- CNRS, UMR8104, F-75014 Paris, France
- Université Paris Descartes, F-75014 Paris, France
- Equipe labellisée LNCC Paris, Paris, France
| | - Massiré Traore
- INSERM, U1016, Institut Cochin, F-75014 Paris, France
- CNRS, UMR8104, F-75014 Paris, France
- Université Paris Descartes, F-75014 Paris, France
- Equipe labellisée LNCC Paris, Paris, France
| | - Typhanie Dumontet
- INSERM, U1016, Institut Cochin, F-75014 Paris, France
- CNRS, UMR8104, F-75014 Paris, France
- Université Paris Descartes, F-75014 Paris, France
- Equipe labellisée LNCC Paris, Paris, France
| | - Valérie Drouet
- INSERM, U1016, Institut Cochin, F-75014 Paris, France
- CNRS, UMR8104, F-75014 Paris, France
- Université Paris Descartes, F-75014 Paris, France
- Equipe labellisée LNCC Paris, Paris, France
| | - Florent Dumont
- INSERM, U1016, Institut Cochin, F-75014 Paris, France
- CNRS, UMR8104, F-75014 Paris, France
- Université Paris Descartes, F-75014 Paris, France
| | - Hélène Gilgenkrantz
- INSERM, U1016, Institut Cochin, F-75014 Paris, France
- CNRS, UMR8104, F-75014 Paris, France
- Université Paris Descartes, F-75014 Paris, France
- Equipe labellisée LNCC Paris, Paris, France
| | - Sabine Colnot
- INSERM, U1016, Institut Cochin, F-75014 Paris, France
- CNRS, UMR8104, F-75014 Paris, France
- Université Paris Descartes, F-75014 Paris, France
- Equipe labellisée LNCC Paris, Paris, France
| | - Benoit Terris
- INSERM, U1016, Institut Cochin, F-75014 Paris, France
- CNRS, UMR8104, F-75014 Paris, France
- Université Paris Descartes, F-75014 Paris, France
- Equipe labellisée LNCC Paris, Paris, France
- APHP, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Centre, Hôpital Cochin, Pathology department, F-75014 Paris, France
| | | | - Frédéric Lemaigre
- de Duve Institute and Université catholique de Louvain, B-1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Christine Perret
- INSERM, U1016, Institut Cochin, F-75014 Paris, France
- CNRS, UMR8104, F-75014 Paris, France
- Université Paris Descartes, F-75014 Paris, France
- Equipe labellisée LNCC Paris, Paris, France
- * E-mail:
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Zhu Y, Li L, Gong S, Yu Y, Dai H, Cai G, Yan J. ß3-integrin inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced autophagy in cardiomyocytes via the Akt signaling pathway. Cardiology 2015; 130:249-59. [PMID: 25824726 DOI: 10.1159/000371489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2014] [Accepted: 12/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the role of β 3 -integrin in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced autophagy in cardiomyocytes and its underlying mechanism. METHODS β 3 -Integrin expression in cardiomyocytes was up- or downregulated by adenovirus transfection or cyclic arginine-glycine-aspartic acid (cRGD) peptide treatment before LPS stimulation. The expression of autophagy-associated proteins (LC3-II, Beclin-1 and Bcl-2) and the activation of Akt were determined using Western blotting. Autophagosomes and autophagic vacuoles were observed using monodansylcadaverine (MDC) dye and transmission electron microscopy, respectively. RESULTS Downregulation of β 3 -integrin with cRGD peptide resulted in enhanced LC3-II and Beclin-1 and decreased Bcl-2 expression. Low Beclin-1 levels were detected after LPS stimulation in adenovirus β 3 -integrin-transfected cardiomyocytes. There was no significant difference in LC3-II levels between control and adenovirus β 3 -integrin-transfected cardiomyocytes. Enhanced accumulation of MDC dye and autophagosomes, which were inhibited by β 3 -integrin overexpression, were detected after LPS treatment. The increased phosphorylation of Akt after LPS stimulation was inhibited by cRGD and enhanced by β 3 -integrin overexpression. Furthermore, the Akt inhibitor triciribine inhibited the negative effect of β 3 - integrin on autophagy, as shown by LC3-II and Beclin-1 upregulation. CONCLUSIONS β 3 -Integrin inhibits LPS-induced autophagy in cardiomyocytes. The inhibition of Akt signaling might be an important mechanism in this process.
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Jiang C, Veon W, Li H, Hallows KR, Roy P. Epithelial morphological reversion drives Profilin-1-induced elevation of p27(kip1) in mesenchymal triple-negative human breast cancer cells through AMP-activated protein kinase activation. Cell Cycle 2015; 14:2914-23. [PMID: 26176334 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2015.1069929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Profilin-1 (Pfn1) is an important regulator of actin polymerization that is downregulated in human breast cancer. Previous studies have shown Pfn1 has a tumor-suppressive effect on mesenchymal-like triple-negative breast cancer cells, and Pfn1-induced growth suppression is partly mediated by upregulation of cell-cycle inhibitor p27(kip1) (p27). In this study, we demonstrate that Pfn1 overexpression leads to accumulation of p27 through promoting AMPK activation and AMPK-dependent phosphorylation of p27 on T198 residue, a post-translational modification that leads to increased protein stabilization of p27. This pathway is mediated by Pfn1-induced epithelial morphological reversion of mesenchymal breast cancer through cadherin-mediated restoration of adherens junctions. These findings not only elucidate a potential mechanism of how Pfn1 may inhibit proliferation of mesenchymal breast cancer cells, but also highlight a novel pathway of cadherin-mediated p27 induction and therefore cell-cycle control in cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Jiang
- a Department of Bioengineering ; University of Pittsburgh ; Pittsburgh PA
| | - William Veon
- a Department of Bioengineering ; University of Pittsburgh ; Pittsburgh PA
| | - Hui Li
- b Department of Medicine ; Renal Electrolyte Division; University of Pittsburgh ; Pittsburgh PA
| | - Kenneth R Hallows
- b Department of Medicine ; Renal Electrolyte Division; University of Pittsburgh ; Pittsburgh PA.,c Department of Cell Biology ; University of Pittsburgh ; Pittsburgh PA
| | - Partha Roy
- a Department of Bioengineering ; University of Pittsburgh ; Pittsburgh PA.,d Magee Women's Research Institute; University of Pittsburgh ; Pittsburgh PA.,e Department of Pathology ; University of Pittsburgh ; PA
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Li J, Liu J, Li P, Mao X, Li W, Yang J, Liu P. Loss of LKB1 disrupts breast epithelial cell polarity and promotes breast cancer metastasis and invasion. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2014; 33:70. [PMID: 25178656 PMCID: PMC4431490 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-014-0070-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2014] [Accepted: 08/18/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Background LKB1, also known as STK11, is a master kinase that serves as an energy metabolic sensor and is involved in cell polarity regulation. Recent studies have indicated that LKB1 is related to breast tumorigenesis and breast cancer progression. However, little work has been done on the roles of LKB1 in cell polarity and epithelial-mesenchymal transition in breast cancer. In this study, we tried to prove that loss of LKB1 disrupts breast epithelial cell polarity and causes tumor metastasis and invasion. Methods The relationships of LKB1 expression to clinic-pathological parameters and epithelial markers E-cadherin and high-molecular-weight -cytokeratin (HMW-CK) were investigated in 80 clinical breast cancer tissue samples and their paired normal control breast tissue samples by using immunohistochemistry. Then, the LKB1 expressions in metastatic and non-metastatic breast cancer cell lines were compared. The roles of LKB1 in cell polarity and epithelial-mesenchymal transition in breast cancer were determined by using immunofluorescence, western blot assay, and cell migration and invasive assays. Finally, the non-transformed human breast cell line MCF-10A was cultured in three dimensions to further reveal the role of LKB1 in breast epithelial cell polarity maintenance. Results Histopathological analysis showed that LKB1 expression level was significantly negatively correlated with breast cancer TNM stage, and positively correlated with ER/PR status and expression levels of E-cadherin and HMW-CK. Immunofluorescence staining showed that LKB1 was co-localized with E-cadherin at adheren junctions. In vitro analysis revealed that loss of LKB1 expression enhanced migration, invasion and the acquisition of mesenchymal phenotype, while LKB1 overexpression in MDA-MB-435 s cells, which have a low basal level of LKB1 expression, promoted the acquisition of epithelial phenotype. Finally, it was found for the first time that endogenous LKB1 knockdown resulted in abnormal cell polarity in acini formed by non-transformed breast epithelial cells grown in 3D culture. Conclusion Our data indicated that low expression of LKB1 was significantly associated with established markers of unfavorable breast cancer prognosis, such as loss of ER/PR, E-cadherin and HMW-CK. Knockdown of endogenous LKB1 gave rise to dysregulation of cell polarity and invasive phenotype of breast cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Li
- Center for Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xian Jiaotong University College of Medicine, 277 West Yanta Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jie Liu
- Center for Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xian Jiaotong University College of Medicine, 277 West Yanta Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, People's Republic of China.
| | - Pingping Li
- Center for Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xian Jiaotong University College of Medicine, 277 West Yanta Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xiaona Mao
- Center for Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xian Jiaotong University College of Medicine, 277 West Yanta Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, People's Republic of China.
| | - Wenjie Li
- Center for Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xian Jiaotong University College of Medicine, 277 West Yanta Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jin Yang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xian Jiaotong University College of Medicine, 277 West Yanta Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, People's Republic of China.
| | - Peijun Liu
- Center for Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xian Jiaotong University College of Medicine, 277 West Yanta Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, People's Republic of China.
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Goncharova EA, Goncharov DA, James ML, Atochina-Vasserman EN, Stepanova V, Hong SB, Li H, Gonzales L, Baba M, Linehan WM, Gow AJ, Margulies S, Guttentag S, Schmidt LS, Krymskaya VP. Folliculin controls lung alveolar enlargement and epithelial cell survival through E-cadherin, LKB1, and AMPK. Cell Rep 2014; 7:412-423. [PMID: 24726356 PMCID: PMC4034569 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2014.03.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2013] [Revised: 01/30/2014] [Accepted: 03/10/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Spontaneous pneumothoraces due to lung cyst rupture afflict patients with the rare disease Birt-Hogg-Dubé (BHD) syndrome, which is caused by mutations of the tumor suppressor gene folliculin (FLCN). The underlying mechanism of the lung manifestations in BHD is unclear. We show that BHD lungs exhibit increased alveolar epithelial cell apoptosis and that Flcn deletion in mouse lung epithelium leads to cell apoptosis, alveolar enlargement, and an impairment of both epithelial barrier and overall lung function. We find that Flcn-null epithelial cell apoptosis is the result of impaired AMPK activation and increased cleaved caspase-3. AMPK activator LKB1 and E-cadherin are downregulated by Flcn loss and restored by its expression. Correspondingly, Flcn-null cell survival is rescued by the AMPK activator AICAR or constitutively active AMPK. AICAR also improves lung condition of Flcn(f/f):SP-C-Cre mice. Our data suggest that lung cysts in BHD may result from an underlying defect in alveolar epithelial cell survival, attributable to FLCN regulation of the E-cadherin-LKB1-AMPK axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena A Goncharova
- Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Division, Airways Biology Initiative, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Dmitry A Goncharov
- Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Division, Airways Biology Initiative, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Melane L James
- Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Division, Airways Biology Initiative, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Elena N Atochina-Vasserman
- Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Division, Airways Biology Initiative, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Victoria Stepanova
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Seung-Beom Hong
- Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Division, Airways Biology Initiative, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Hua Li
- Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Division, Airways Biology Initiative, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Linda Gonzales
- Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Masaya Baba
- Urologic Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - W Marston Linehan
- Urologic Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Andrew J Gow
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Susan Margulies
- Department of Bioengineering, School of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Susan Guttentag
- Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Laura S Schmidt
- Urologic Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; Basic Science Program, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD 20892, USA
| | - Vera P Krymskaya
- Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Division, Airways Biology Initiative, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
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Bouchekioua-Bouzaghou K, Poulard C, Rambaud J, Lavergne E, Hussein N, Billaud M, Bachelot T, Chabaud S, Mader S, Dayan G, Treilleux I, Corbo L, Le Romancer M. LKB1 when associated with methylatedERα is a marker of bad prognosis in breast cancer. Int J Cancer 2014; 135:1307-18. [PMID: 24615515 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.28781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2013] [Revised: 01/20/2014] [Accepted: 01/28/2014] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Although the presence of nuclear estrogen receptor is widely used to guide breast cancer therapy, less attention has been paid to the receptor cytoplasmic signaling. Recently, we have shown that this pathway is operative in vivo and is activated in aggressive tumors representing a new potential target for breast cancer therapy. Here, we identified LKB1 as a partner of ERα and we explored its potential role in estrogen nongenomic signaling. The associations between LKB1 expression and the actors of this pathway, namely the methylated form of ERα (metERα), Src and PI3K, have been analyzed both in cultured cells and in 154 primary breast tumor samples. We found that LKB1 is a component of the cytoplasmic signaling complex in breast cell lines as well as in primary breast tumors. Moreover, an inverse correlation between the localization of LKB1 in nuclear and cytoplasmic compartments is observed. Importantly, high expression of cytoplasmic LKB1 is an independent marker of poor prognosis, associated with reduced overall survival (OS) and disease free survival (DFS). Conversely, the presence of nuclear LKB1 associates with increased OS and DFS. In conclusion, our results highlight that LKB1 expression in breast cancer appears to have opposite effects depending on its subcellular localization and may be used as a new prognostic biomarker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katia Bouchekioua-Bouzaghou
- Université de Lyon, France; Université Lyon 1, France; Inserm U1052, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, France; CNRS UMR5286, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, France; Equipe Labellisée "La Ligue", Lyon, France
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38
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Saks V, Schlattner U, Tokarska-Schlattner M, Wallimann T, Bagur R, Zorman S, Pelosse M, Santos PD, Boucher F, Kaambre T, Guzun R. Systems Level Regulation of Cardiac Energy Fluxes Via Metabolic Cycles: Role of Creatine, Phosphotransfer Pathways, and AMPK Signaling. SYSTEMS BIOLOGY OF METABOLIC AND SIGNALING NETWORKS 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-38505-6_11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Abstract
Hepatocytes, like other epithelia, are situated at the interface between the organism's exterior and the underlying internal milieu and organize the vectorial exchange of macromolecules between these two spaces. To mediate this function, epithelial cells, including hepatocytes, are polarized with distinct luminal domains that are separated by tight junctions from lateral domains engaged in cell-cell adhesion and from basal domains that interact with the underlying extracellular matrix. Despite these universal principles, hepatocytes distinguish themselves from other nonstriated epithelia by their multipolar organization. Each hepatocyte participates in multiple, narrow lumina, the bile canaliculi, and has multiple basal surfaces that face the endothelial lining. Hepatocytes also differ in the mechanism of luminal protein trafficking from other epithelia studied. They lack polarized protein secretion to the luminal domain and target single-spanning and glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored bile canalicular membrane proteins via transcytosis from the basolateral domain. We compare this unique hepatic polarity phenotype with that of the more common columnar epithelial organization and review our current knowledge of the signaling mechanisms and the organization of polarized protein trafficking that govern the establishment and maintenance of hepatic polarity. The serine/threonine kinase LKB1, which is activated by the bile acid taurocholate and, in turn, activates adenosine monophosphate kinase-related kinases including AMPK1/2 and Par1 paralogues has emerged as a key determinant of hepatic polarity. We propose that the absence of a hepatocyte basal lamina and differences in cell-cell adhesion signaling that determine the positioning of tight junctions are two crucial determinants for the distinct hepatic and columnar polarity phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandr Treyer
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, Bronx, New York, USA
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40
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Garland J. Energy management – a critical role in cancer induction? Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2013; 88:198-217. [DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2013.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2012] [Revised: 03/08/2013] [Accepted: 04/05/2013] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
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LKB1 controls human bronchial epithelial morphogenesis through p114RhoGEF-dependent RhoA activation. Mol Cell Biol 2013; 33:2671-82. [PMID: 23648482 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.00154-13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
LKB1 is a Ser/Thr kinase that plays an important role in controlling both energy metabolism and cell polarity in metazoan organisms. LKB1 is also a tumor suppressor, and homozygous, inactivating mutations are found in a wide range of human cancers. In lung cancer, inactivating mutations are found in 10 to 50% of cases, but the consequences of functional loss in this context are poorly understood. We report here that LKB1 is required for the maturation of apical junctions in the human bronchial epithelial cell line 16HBE14o- (16HBE). This activity is dependent on an interaction with the Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor p114RhoGEF but is independent of LKB1 kinase activity. Together, LKB1 and p114RhoGEF control RhoA activity in these cells to promote apical junction assembly.
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Nelson WJ, Dickinson DJ, Weis WI. Roles of cadherins and catenins in cell-cell adhesion and epithelial cell polarity. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE 2013; 116:3-23. [PMID: 23481188 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-394311-8.00001-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
A simple epithelium is the building block of all metazoans and a multicellular stage of a nonmetazoan. It comprises a closed monolayer of quiescent cells that surround a luminal space. Cells are held together by cell-cell adhesion complexes and surrounded by extracellular matrix. These extracellular contacts are required for the formation of a polarized organization of plasma membrane proteins that regulate the directional absorption and secretion of ions, proteins, and other solutes. While advances have been made in understanding how proteins are sorted to different plasma membrane domains, less is known about how cell-cell adhesion is regulated and linked to the development of epithelial cell polarity and regulation of homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- W James Nelson
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
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Wang Y, Toh YC, Li Q, Nugraha B, Zheng B, Lu TB, Gao Y, Ng MML, Yu H. Mechanical compaction directly modulates the dynamics of bile canaliculi formation. Integr Biol (Camb) 2013; 5:390-401. [DOI: 10.1039/c2ib20229h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Abstract
AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a stress-activated kinase that functions as a cellular fuel gauge and master metabolic regulator. Recent investigation has elucidated novel molecular mechanisms of AMPK regulation and important biological actions of the AMPK pathway that are highly relevant to cardiovascular disease. Activation of the intrinsic AMPK pathway plays an important role in the myocardial response to ischemia, pressure overload, and heart failure. Pharmacological activation of AMPK shows promise as a therapeutic strategy in the treatment of heart disease. The purpose of this review is to assess how recent discoveries have extended and in some cases challenged existing paradigms, providing new insights into the regulation of AMPK, its diverse biological actions, and therapeutic potential in the heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vlad G Zaha
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
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Rodríguez-Fraticelli AE, Auzan M, Alonso MA, Bornens M, Martín-Belmonte F. Cell confinement controls centrosome positioning and lumen initiation during epithelial morphogenesis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012; 198:1011-23. [PMID: 22965908 PMCID: PMC3444774 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.201203075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Epithelial organ morphogenesis involves sequential acquisition of apicobasal polarity by epithelial cells and development of a functional lumen. In vivo, cells perceive signals from components of the extracellular matrix (ECM), such as laminin and collagens, as well as sense physical conditions, such as matrix stiffness and cell confinement. Alteration of the mechanical properties of the ECM has been shown to promote cell migration and invasion in cancer cells, but the effects on epithelial morphogenesis have not been characterized. We analyzed the effects of cell confinement on lumen morphogenesis using a novel, micropatterned, three-dimensional (3D) Madin-Darby canine kidney cell culture method. We show that cell confinement, by controlling cell spreading, limits peripheral actin contractility and promotes centrosome positioning and lumen initiation after the first cell division. In addition, peripheral actin contractility is mediated by master kinase Par-4/LKB1 via the RhoA-Rho kinase-myosin II pathway, and inhibition of this pathway restores lumen initiation in minimally confined cells. We conclude that cell confinement controls nuclear-centrosomal orientation and lumen initiation during 3D epithelial morphogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejo E Rodríguez-Fraticelli
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
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Tang XX, Fok KL, Chen H, Chan KS, Tsang LL, Rowlands DK, Zhang XH, Da Dong J, Ruan YC, Jiang X, Yu SSB, Chung YW, Chan HC. Lymphocyte CFTR promotes epithelial bicarbonate secretion for bacterial killing. J Cell Physiol 2012; 227:3887-94. [DOI: 10.1002/jcp.24101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Nagalingam A, Arbiser JL, Bonner MY, Saxena NK, Sharma D. Honokiol activates AMP-activated protein kinase in breast cancer cells via an LKB1-dependent pathway and inhibits breast carcinogenesis. Breast Cancer Res 2012; 14:R35. [PMID: 22353783 PMCID: PMC3496153 DOI: 10.1186/bcr3128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2011] [Accepted: 02/21/2012] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Honokiol, a small-molecule polyphenol isolated from magnolia species, is widely known for its therapeutic potential as an antiinflammatory, antithrombosis, and antioxidant agent, and more recently, for its protective function in the pathogenesis of carcinogenesis. In the present study, we sought to examine the effectiveness of honokiol in inhibiting migration and invasion of breast cancer cells and to elucidate the underlying molecular mechanisms. METHODS Clonogenicity and three-dimensional colony-formation assays were used to examine breast cancer cell growth with honokiol treatment. The effect of honokiol on invasion and migration of breast cancer cells was evaluated by using Matrigel invasion, scratch-migration, spheroid-migration, and electric cell-substrate impedance sensing (ECIS)-based migration assays. Western blot and immunofluorescence analysis were used to examine activation of the liver kinase B1 (LKB1)-AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) axis. Isogenic LKB1-knockdown breast cancer cell line pairs were developed. Functional importance of AMPK activation and LKB1 overexpression in the biologic effects of honokiol was examined by using AMPK-null and AMPK-wild type (WT) immortalized mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) and isogenic LKB1-knockdown cell line pairs. Finally, mouse xenografts, immunohistochemical and Western blot analysis of tumors were used. RESULTS Analysis of the underlying molecular mechanisms revealed that honokiol treatment increases AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) phosphorylation and activity, as evidenced by increased phosphorylation of the downstream target of AMPK, acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase (ACC) and inhibition of phosphorylation of p70S6kinase (pS6K) and eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E binding protein 1 (4EBP1). By using AMPK-null and AMPK-WT (MEFs), we found that AMPK is required for honokiol-mediated modulation of pACC-pS6K. Intriguingly, we discovered that honokiol treatment increased the expression and cytoplasmic translocation of tumor-suppressor LKB1 in breast cancer cells. LKB1 knockdown inhibited honokiol-mediated activation of AMPK and, more important, inhibition of migration and invasion of breast cancer cells. Furthermore, honokiol treatment resulted in inhibition of breast tumorigenesis in vivo. Analysis of tumors showed significant increases in the levels of cytoplasmic LKB1 and phospho-AMPK in honokiol-treated tumors. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, these data provide the first in vitro and in vivo evidence of the integral role of the LKB1-AMPK axis in honokiol-mediated inhibition of the invasion and migration of breast cancer cells. In conclusion, honokiol treatment could potentially be a rational therapeutic strategy for breast carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arumugam Nagalingam
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine and the Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore MD 21231, USA
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Berberine-induced AMPK activation inhibits the metastatic potential of melanoma cells via reduction of ERK activity and COX-2 protein expression. Biochem Pharmacol 2012; 83:385-94. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2011.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2011] [Revised: 11/05/2011] [Accepted: 11/09/2011] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Abstract
Initially identified as the Caenorhabditis elegans PAR-4 homologue, the serine threonine kinase LKB1 is conserved throughout evolution and ubiquitously expressed. In humans, LKB1 is causally linked to the Peutz-Jeghers syndrome and is one of the most commonly mutated genes in several cancers like lung and cervical carcinomas. These observations have led to classify LKB1 as tumour suppressor gene. Although, considerable dark zones remain, an impressive leap in the understanding of LKB1 functions has been done during the last decade. Role of LKB1 as a major actor of the AMPK/mTOR pathway connecting cellular metabolism, cell growth and tumorigenesis has been extensively studied probably to the detriment of other functions of equal importance. This review will discuss about LKB1 activity regulation, its effectors and clues on their involvement in cell polarity.
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Abstract
After years of extensive scientific discovery much has been learned about the networks that regulate epithelial homeostasis. Loss of expression or functional activity of cell adhesion and cell polarity proteins (including the PAR, crumbs (CRB) and scribble (SCRIB) complexes) is intricately related to advanced stages of tumour progression and invasiveness. But the key roles of these proteins in crosstalk with the Hippo and liver kinase B1 (LKB1)-AMPK pathways and in epithelial function and proliferation indicate that they may also be associated with the early stages of tumorigenesis. For example, deregulation of adhesion and polarity proteins can cause misoriented cell divisions and increased self-renewal of adult epithelial stem cells. In this Review, we highlight some advances in the understanding of how loss of epithelial cell polarity contributes to tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Martin-Belmonte
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Madrid 28049, Spain.
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