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Zhou Y, Xu MF, Chen J, Zhang JL, Wang XY, Huang MH, Wei YL, She ZY. Loss-of-function of kinesin-5 KIF11 causes microcephaly, chorioretinopathy, and developmental disorders through chromosome instability and cell cycle arrest. Exp Cell Res 2024; 436:113975. [PMID: 38367657 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2024.113975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/19/2024]
Abstract
Kinesin motors play a fundamental role in development by controlling intracellular transport, spindle assembly, and microtubule organization. In humans, patients carrying mutations in KIF11 suffer from an autosomal dominant inheritable disease called microcephaly with or without chorioretinopathy, lymphoedema, or mental retardation (MCLMR). While mitotic functions of KIF11 proteins have been well documented in centrosome separation and spindle assembly, cellular mechanisms underlying KIF11 dysfunction and MCLMR remain unclear. In this study, we generate KIF11-inhibition chick and zebrafish models and find that KIF11 inhibition results in microcephaly, chorioretinopathy, and severe developmental defects in vivo. Notably, loss-of-function of KIF11 causes the formation of monopolar spindle and chromosome misalignment, which finally contribute to cell cycle arrest, chromosome instability, and cell death. Our results demonstrate that KIF11 is crucial for spindle assembly, chromosome alignment, and cell cycle progression of progenitor stem cells, indicating a potential link between polyploidy and MCLMR. Our data have revealed that KIF11 inhibition cause microcephaly, chorioretinopathy, and development disorders through the formation of monopolar spindle, polyploid, and cell cycle arrest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhou
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, The School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350122, China; Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Fujian Province University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350122, China
| | - Meng-Fei Xu
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, The School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350122, China; Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Fujian Province University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350122, China
| | - Jie Chen
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, The School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350122, China; Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Fujian Province University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350122, China
| | - Jing-Lian Zhang
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, The School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350122, China; Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Fujian Province University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350122, China
| | - Xin-Yao Wang
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, The School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350122, China; Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Fujian Province University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350122, China
| | - Min-Hui Huang
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, The School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350122, China; Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Fujian Province University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350122, China
| | - Ya-Lan Wei
- Medical Research Center, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350001, China; College of Clinical Medicine for Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350122, China
| | - Zhen-Yu She
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, The School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350122, China; Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Fujian Province University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350122, China.
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2
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Duerinckx S, Désir J, Perazzolo C, Badoer C, Jacquemin V, Soblet J, Maystadt I, Tunca Y, Blaumeiser B, Ceulemans B, Courtens W, Debray F, Destree A, Devriendt K, Jansen A, Keymolen K, Lederer D, Loeys B, Meuwissen M, Moortgat S, Mortier G, Nassogne M, Sekhara T, Van Coster R, Van Den Ende J, Van der Aa N, Van Esch H, Vanakker O, Verhelst H, Vilain C, Weckhuysen S, Passemard S, Verloes A, Aeby A, Deconinck N, Van Bogaert P, Pirson I, Abramowicz M. Phenotypes and genotypes in non-consanguineous and consanguineous primary microcephaly: High incidence of epilepsy. Mol Genet Genomic Med 2021; 9:e1768. [PMID: 34402213 PMCID: PMC8457702 DOI: 10.1002/mgg3.1768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Revised: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Primary microcephaly (PM) is defined as a significant reduction in occipitofrontal circumference (OFC) of prenatal onset. Clinical and genetic heterogeneity of PM represents a diagnostic challenge. METHODS We performed detailed phenotypic and genomic analyses in a large cohort (n = 169) of patients referred for PM and could establish a molecular diagnosis in 38 patients. RESULTS Pathogenic variants in ASPM and WDR62 were the most frequent causes in non-consanguineous patients in our cohort. In consanguineous patients, microarray and targeted gene panel analyses reached a diagnostic yield of 67%, which contrasts with a much lower rate in non-consanguineous patients (9%). Our series includes 11 novel pathogenic variants and we identify novel candidate genes including IGF2BP3 and DNAH2. We confirm the progression of microcephaly over time in affected children. Epilepsy was an important associated feature in our PM cohort, affecting 34% of patients with a molecular confirmation of the PM diagnosis, with various degrees of severity and seizure types. CONCLUSION Our findings will help to prioritize genomic investigations, accelerate molecular diagnoses, and improve the management of PM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Duerinckx
- Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire en Biologie Humaine et moléculaireUniversité Libre de BruxellesBrusselsBelgium
| | - Julie Désir
- Centre de Génétique HumaineInstitut de Pathologie et de GénétiqueGosseliesBelgium
| | - Camille Perazzolo
- Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire en Biologie Humaine et moléculaireUniversité Libre de BruxellesBrusselsBelgium
| | - Cindy Badoer
- Department of GeneticsHôpital ErasmeULB Center of Human GeneticsUniversité Libre de BruxellesBrusselsBelgium
| | - Valérie Jacquemin
- Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire en Biologie Humaine et moléculaireUniversité Libre de BruxellesBrusselsBelgium
| | - Julie Soblet
- Department of GeneticsHôpital ErasmeULB Center of Human GeneticsUniversité Libre de BruxellesBrusselsBelgium
- Hôpital Universitaire des Enfants Reine Fabiola (HUDERF)Université Libre de BruxellesBrusselsBelgium
| | - Isabelle Maystadt
- Centre de Génétique HumaineInstitut de Pathologie et de GénétiqueGosseliesBelgium
| | - Yusuf Tunca
- Department of Medical GeneticsGülhane Faculty of Medicine & Gülhane Training and Research HospitalUniversity of Health Sciences TurkeyAnkaraTurkey
| | | | | | | | | | - Anne Destree
- Centre de Génétique HumaineInstitut de Pathologie et de GénétiqueGosseliesBelgium
| | | | - Anna Jansen
- Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel)Centrum Medische GeneticaUniversiteit Brussel (VUB)BrusselsBelgium
| | - Kathelijn Keymolen
- Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel)Centrum Medische GeneticaUniversiteit Brussel (VUB)BrusselsBelgium
| | - Damien Lederer
- Centre de Génétique HumaineInstitut de Pathologie et de GénétiqueGosseliesBelgium
| | - Bart Loeys
- University and University Hospital of AntwerpAntwerpBelgium
| | | | - Stéphanie Moortgat
- Centre de Génétique HumaineInstitut de Pathologie et de GénétiqueGosseliesBelgium
| | - Geert Mortier
- University and University Hospital of AntwerpAntwerpBelgium
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Hilde Van Esch
- Center for Human GeneticsUniversity Hospitals LeuvenLeuvenBelgium
| | | | | | - Catheline Vilain
- Department of GeneticsHôpital ErasmeULB Center of Human GeneticsUniversité Libre de BruxellesBrusselsBelgium
- Hôpital Universitaire des Enfants Reine Fabiola (HUDERF)Université Libre de BruxellesBrusselsBelgium
| | | | | | - Alain Verloes
- Department of GeneticsAPHPRobert Debré University HospitalParisFrance
| | - Alec Aeby
- Hôpital Universitaire des Enfants Reine Fabiola (HUDERF)Université Libre de BruxellesBrusselsBelgium
| | - Nicolas Deconinck
- Hôpital Universitaire des Enfants Reine Fabiola (HUDERF)Université Libre de BruxellesBrusselsBelgium
| | | | - Isabelle Pirson
- Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire en Biologie Humaine et moléculaireUniversité Libre de BruxellesBrusselsBelgium
| | - Marc Abramowicz
- Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire en Biologie Humaine et moléculaireUniversité Libre de BruxellesBrusselsBelgium
- Department of Genetic Medicine and DevelopmentUniversity of GenevaGenèveSwitzerland
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3
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Centrosome regulation and function in mammalian cortical neurogenesis. Curr Opin Neurobiol 2021; 69:256-266. [PMID: 34303132 DOI: 10.1016/j.conb.2021.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2021] [Revised: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
As the primary microtubule-organizing center in animal cells, centrosomes regulate microtubule cytoskeleton to support various cellular behaviors. They also serve as the base for nucleating primary cilia, the hub of diverse signaling pathways. Cells typically possess one centrosome that contains two inequal centrioles and undergoes semi-conservative duplication during cell division, resulting in two centrosomes with an inherent asymmetry in age and properties. While the centrosome is ubiquitously present, mutations of centrosome proteins are strongly associated with human microcephaly characterized by a small cerebral cortex, underscoring the importance of an intact centrosome in supporting cortical neurogenesis. Here we review recent advances on centrosome regulation and function in mammalian cortical neural progenitors and discuss the implications for a better understanding of cortical neurogenesis and related disease mechanisms.
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Guerreiro A, De Sousa F, Liaudet N, Ivanova D, Eskat A, Meraldi P. WDR62 localizes katanin at spindle poles to ensure synchronous chromosome segregation. J Cell Biol 2021; 220:212394. [PMID: 34137788 PMCID: PMC8240857 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202007171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Revised: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations in the WDR62 gene cause primary microcephaly, a pathological condition often associated with defective cell division that results in severe brain developmental defects. The precise function and localization of WDR62 within the mitotic spindle is, however, still under debate, as it has been proposed to act either at centrosomes or on the mitotic spindle. Here we explored the cellular functions of WDR62 in human epithelial cell lines using both short-term siRNA protein depletions and long-term CRISPR/Cas9 gene knockouts. We demonstrate that WDR62 localizes at spindle poles, promoting the recruitment of the microtubule-severing enzyme katanin. Depletion or loss of WDR62 stabilizes spindle microtubules due to insufficient microtubule minus-end depolymerization but does not affect plus-end microtubule dynamics. During chromosome segregation, WDR62 and katanin promote efficient poleward microtubule flux and favor the synchronicity of poleward movements in anaphase to prevent lagging chromosomes. We speculate that these lagging chromosomes might be linked to developmental defects in primary microcephaly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Guerreiro
- Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Filipe De Sousa
- Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.,Radiation Oncology Division, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Nicolas Liaudet
- Bioimaging Facility, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Daria Ivanova
- Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Anja Eskat
- Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Patrick Meraldi
- Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.,Translational Research Centre in Onco-hematology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
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5
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Khan A, Alaamery M, Massadeh S, Obaid A, Kashgari AA, Walsh CA, Eyaid W. PDCD6IP, encoding a regulator of the ESCRT complex, is mutated in microcephaly. Clin Genet 2020; 98:80-85. [PMID: 32286682 DOI: 10.1111/cge.13756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2020] [Revised: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Primary microcephaly (PM) is a highly heterogeneous neurodevelopmental disorder with many contributing risk genes and loci identified to date. We report a consanguineous family with PM, intellectual disability and short stature. Using whole exome sequencing, we identified a homozygous frameshift variant in programmed cell death 6 interacting protein (PDCD6IP, c.154_158dup; p.Val54Profs*18). This gene, PDCD6IP, plays an important role in the endosomal sorting complexes required for transport (ESCRT) pathway in the abscission stage of cytokinesis and apoptosis, and is required for normal brain development in mice. The clinical features observed in our patient were similar to the phenotypes observed in mouse and zebrafish models of PDCD6IP mutations in previous studies. This study provides evidence that clinical manifestations of PDCD6IP mutations as seen in our patients with PM and ID may be a novel cause for neurodevelopmental disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amjad Khan
- Developmental Medicine Department, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC), King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs (MNGHA), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,Laboratoire d'ImmunoRhumatologie Moléculaire, Plateforme GENOMAX, INSERM UMR_S 1109, Faculté de Médecine, Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire OMICARE, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), LabEx TRANSPLANTEX, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France.,Service d'Immunologie Biologique, Plateau Technique de Biologie, Pôle de Biologie, Nouvel Hôpital Civil, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, 1 Place de l'Hôpital, Strasbourg, France
| | - Manal Alaamery
- Developmental Medicine Department, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC), King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs (MNGHA), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Salam Massadeh
- Developmental Medicine Department, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC), King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs (MNGHA), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulrahman Obaid
- Genetics Division, Department of Pediatrics, King Abdullah International Medical Research Centre (KAIMRC), King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Science, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard-Health Affairs (MNGHA), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amna A Kashgari
- King Abdullah Specialized Children's Hospital (KASCH), Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Christopher A Walsh
- Division of Genetics and Genomics and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.,Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.,Department of Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Wafaa Eyaid
- Developmental Medicine Department, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC), King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs (MNGHA), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,Genetics Division, Department of Pediatrics, King Abdullah International Medical Research Centre (KAIMRC), King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Science, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard-Health Affairs (MNGHA), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,King Abdullah Specialized Children's Hospital (KASCH), Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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6
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MCPH1 Lack of Function Enhances Mitotic Cell Sensitivity Caused by Catalytic Inhibitors of Topo II. Genes (Basel) 2020; 11:genes11040406. [PMID: 32276518 PMCID: PMC7231051 DOI: 10.3390/genes11040406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2020] [Revised: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The capacity of Topoisomerase II (Topo II) to remove DNA catenations that arise after replication is essential to ensure faithful chromosome segregation. Topo II activity is monitored during G2 by a specific checkpoint pathway that delays entry into mitosis until the chromosomes are properly decatenated. Recently, we demonstrated that the mitotic defects that are characteristic of cells depleted of MCPH1 function, a protein mutated in primary microcephaly, are not a consequence of a weakened G2 decatenation checkpoint response. However, the mitotic defects could be accounted for by a minor defect in the activity of Topo II during G2/M. To test this hypothesis, we have tracked at live single cell resolution the dynamics of mitosis in MCPH1 depleted HeLa cells upon catalytic inhibition of Topo II. Our analyses demonstrate that neither chromosome alignment nor segregation are more susceptible to minor perturbation in decatenation in MCPH1 deficient cells, as compared with control cells. Interestingly, MCPH1 depleted cells were more prone to mitotic cell death when decatenation was perturbed. Furthermore, when the G2 arrest that was induced by catalytic inhibition of Topo II was abrogated by Chk1 inhibition, the incidence of mitotic cell death was also increased. Taken together, our data suggest that the MCPH1 lack of function increases mitotic cell hypersensitivity to the catalytic inhibition of Topo II.
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7
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Marthiens V, Basto R. Centrosomes: The good and the bad for brain development. Biol Cell 2020; 112:153-172. [PMID: 32170757 DOI: 10.1111/boc.201900090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Revised: 02/25/2020] [Accepted: 03/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Centrosomes nucleate and organise the microtubule cytoskeleton in animal cells. These membraneless organelles are key structures for tissue organisation, polarity and growth. Centrosome dysfunction, defined as deviation in centrosome numbers and/or structural integrity, has major impact on brain size and functionality, as compared with other tissues of the organism. In this review, we discuss the contribution of centrosomes to brain growth during development. We discuss in particular the impact of centrosome dysfunction in Drosophila and mammalian neural stem cell division and fitness, which ultimately underlie brain growth defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Véronique Marthiens
- Biology of Centrosomes and Genetic Instability Laboratory, Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS, UMR144, Paris, 75005, France
| | - Renata Basto
- Biology of Centrosomes and Genetic Instability Laboratory, Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS, UMR144, Paris, 75005, France
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8
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Duerinckx S, Jacquemin V, Drunat S, Vial Y, Passemard S, Perazzolo C, Massart A, Soblet J, Racapé J, Desmyter L, Badoer C, Papadimitriou S, Le Borgne YA, Lefort A, Libert F, De Maertelaer V, Rooman M, Costagliola S, Verloes A, Lenaerts T, Pirson I, Abramowicz M. Digenic inheritance of human primary microcephaly delineates centrosomal and non-centrosomal pathways. Hum Mutat 2019; 41:512-524. [PMID: 31696992 PMCID: PMC7496698 DOI: 10.1002/humu.23948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2019] [Revised: 11/01/2019] [Accepted: 11/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Primary microcephaly (PM) is characterized by a small head since birth and is vastly heterogeneous both genetically and phenotypically. While most cases are monogenic, genetic interactions between Aspm and Wdr62 have recently been described in a mouse model of PM. Here, we used two complementary, holistic in vivo approaches: high throughput DNA sequencing of multiple PM genes in human patients with PM, and genome‐edited zebrafish modeling for the digenic inheritance of PM. Exomes of patients with PM showed a significant burden of variants in 75 PM genes, that persisted after removing monogenic causes of PM (e.g., biallelic pathogenic variants in CEP152). This observation was replicated in an independent cohort of patients with PM, where a PM gene panel showed in addition that the burden was carried by six centrosomal genes. Allelic frequencies were consistent with digenic inheritance. In zebrafish, non‐centrosomal gene casc5 −/− produced a severe PM phenotype, that was not modified by centrosomal genes aspm or wdr62 invalidation. A digenic, quadriallelic PM phenotype was produced by aspm and wdr62. Our observations provide strong evidence for digenic inheritance of human PM, involving centrosomal genes. Absence of genetic interaction between casc5 and aspm or wdr62 further delineates centrosomal and non‐centrosomal pathways in PM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Duerinckx
- Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire en Biologie Humaine et Moléculaire, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium.,Interuniversity Institute of Bioinformatics in Brussels, Université Libre de Bruxelles-Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Valérie Jacquemin
- Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire en Biologie Humaine et Moléculaire, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Séverine Drunat
- Department of Genetics, Robert Debré University Hospital, APHP, Paris, France.,INSERM UMR 1141, Université de Paris Diderot, Paris, France
| | - Yoann Vial
- Department of Genetics, Robert Debré University Hospital, APHP, Paris, France.,INSERM UMR 1141, Université de Paris Diderot, Paris, France
| | - Sandrine Passemard
- Department of Genetics, Robert Debré University Hospital, APHP, Paris, France.,INSERM UMR 1141, Université de Paris Diderot, Paris, France
| | - Camille Perazzolo
- Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire en Biologie Humaine et Moléculaire, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Annick Massart
- Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire en Biologie Humaine et Moléculaire, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Julie Soblet
- Interuniversity Institute of Bioinformatics in Brussels, Université Libre de Bruxelles-Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium.,Department of Genetics, ULB Center of Human Genetics, Hôpital Erasme, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium.,Department of Genetics, ULB Center of Human Genetics, Hôpital Universitaire des Enfants Reine Fabiola, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Judith Racapé
- Faculty of Medicine, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Laurence Desmyter
- Department of Genetics, ULB Center of Human Genetics, Hôpital Erasme, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Cindy Badoer
- Department of Genetics, ULB Center of Human Genetics, Hôpital Erasme, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Sofia Papadimitriou
- Interuniversity Institute of Bioinformatics in Brussels, Université Libre de Bruxelles-Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium.,Machine Learning Group, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium.,Artificial Intelligence Lab, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Yann-Aël Le Borgne
- Machine Learning Group, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Anne Lefort
- Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire en Biologie Humaine et Moléculaire, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Frédérick Libert
- Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire en Biologie Humaine et Moléculaire, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Viviane De Maertelaer
- Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire en Biologie Humaine et Moléculaire, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Marianne Rooman
- Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Sabine Costagliola
- Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire en Biologie Humaine et Moléculaire, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Alain Verloes
- Department of Genetics, Robert Debré University Hospital, APHP, Paris, France.,INSERM UMR 1141, Université de Paris Diderot, Paris, France
| | - Tom Lenaerts
- Interuniversity Institute of Bioinformatics in Brussels, Université Libre de Bruxelles-Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium.,Machine Learning Group, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium.,Artificial Intelligence Lab, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Isabelle Pirson
- Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire en Biologie Humaine et Moléculaire, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Marc Abramowicz
- Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire en Biologie Humaine et Moléculaire, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium.,Present Address: Department of Genetic Medicine and Development, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
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9
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Vargas-Hurtado D, Brault JB, Piolot T, Leconte L, Da Silva N, Pennetier C, Baffet A, Marthiens V, Basto R. Differences in Mitotic Spindle Architecture in Mammalian Neural Stem Cells Influence Mitotic Accuracy during Brain Development. Curr Biol 2019; 29:2993-3005.e9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2019.07.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2018] [Revised: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 07/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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10
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Xu D, Yao M, Wang Y, Yuan L, Hoeck JD, Yu J, Liu L, Yeap YYC, Zhang W, Zhang F, Feng Y, Ma T, Wang Y, Ng DCH, Niu X, Su B, Behrens A, Xu Z. MEKK3 coordinates with FBW7 to regulate WDR62 stability and neurogenesis. PLoS Biol 2018; 16:e2006613. [PMID: 30566428 PMCID: PMC6347294 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.2006613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2018] [Revised: 01/25/2019] [Accepted: 11/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Mutations of WD repeat domain 62 (WDR62) lead to autosomal recessive primary microcephaly (MCPH), and down-regulation of WDR62 expression causes the loss of neural progenitor cells (NPCs). However, how WDR62 is regulated and hence controls neurogenesis and brain size remains elusive. Here, we demonstrate that mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 3 (MEKK3) forms a complex with WDR62 to promote c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) signaling synergistically in the control of neurogenesis. The deletion of Mekk3, Wdr62, or Jnk1 resulted in phenocopied defects, including premature NPC differentiation. We further showed that WDR62 protein is positively regulated by MEKK3 and JNK1 in the developing brain and that the defects of wdr62 deficiency can be rescued by the transgenic expression of JNK1. Meanwhile, WDR62 is also negatively regulated by T1053 phosphorylation, leading to the recruitment of F-box and WD repeat domain-containing protein 7 (FBW7) and proteasomal degradation. Our findings demonstrate that the coordinated reciprocal and bidirectional regulation among MEKK3, FBW7, WDR62, and JNK1, is required for fine-tuned JNK signaling for the control of balanced NPC self-renewal and differentiation during cortical development. Microcephaly is a neural developmental disorder characterized by significantly reduced brain size and variable intellectual disability. WD repeat domain 62 (WDR62) was identified as the second most common gene for autosomal recessive primary microcephaly (MCPH) in human. Here, we studied the underlying regulatory mechanism of WDR62 and the impact on generation of new neurons. We show that mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 3 (Mekk3), Wdr62, and c-Jun N-terminal kinase 1 (Jnk1) knockout (KO) mice have defects in the generation and maturation of neurons. We demonstrate that WDR62 stability is positively regulated by a mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase (MAPKKK), MEKK3, but negatively regulated by the E3 ligase, F-box and WD repeat domain-containing protein 7 (FBW7). These positive and negative factors calibrate the strength of the activity of the JNK signaling pathway, which controls self-renewal and differentiation of neural progenitor cells (NPCs) during brain development. This finding improves our understanding of the molecular pathogenesis of MCPH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Institute of Life Sciences, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Minghui Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yaqing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ling Yuan
- Center for Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | | | - Jingwen Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Liang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yvonne Y. C. Yeap
- School of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, St Lucia, Australia
| | - Weiya Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Feng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yinghang Feng
- Sino-Danish College, University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, China
| | - Tiantian Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yujie Wang
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Institute of Life Sciences, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Dominic C. H. Ng
- School of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, St Lucia, Australia
| | - Xiaoyin Niu
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Bing Su
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
| | - Axel Behrens
- Adult Stem Cell Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, United Kingdom
- King’s College London, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Guy’s Campus, London, United Kingdom
- * E-mail: (ZX); (AB)
| | - Zhiheng Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Sino-Danish College, University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, China
- Parkinson’s Disease Center, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China
- * E-mail: (ZX); (AB)
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11
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Moawia A, Shaheen R, Rasool S, Waseem SS, Ewida N, Budde B, Kawalia A, Motameny S, Khan K, Fatima A, Jameel M, Ullah F, Akram T, Ali Z, Abdullah U, Irshad S, Höhne W, Noegel AA, Al-Owain M, Hörtnagel K, Stöbe P, Baig SM, Nürnberg P, Alkuraya FS, Hahn A, Hussain MS. Mutations of KIF14 cause primary microcephaly by impairing cytokinesis. Ann Neurol 2017; 82:562-577. [PMID: 28892560 DOI: 10.1002/ana.25044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2017] [Revised: 09/01/2017] [Accepted: 09/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Autosomal recessive primary microcephaly (MCPH) is a rare condition characterized by a reduced cerebral cortex accompanied with intellectual disability. Mutations in 17 genes have been shown to cause this phenotype. Recently, mutations in CIT, encoding CRIK (citron rho-interacting kinase)-a component of the central spindle matrix-were added. We aimed at identifying novel MCPH-associated genes and exploring their functional role in pathogenesis. METHODS Linkage analysis and whole exome sequencing were performed in consanguineous and nonconsanguineous MCPH families to identify disease-causing variants. Functional consequences were investigated by RNA studies and on the cellular level using immunofluorescence and microscopy. RESULTS We identified homozygous mutations in KIF14 (NM_014875.2;c.263T>A;pLeu88*, c.2480_2482delTTG; p.Val827del, and c.4071G>A;p.Gln1357=) as the likely cause in 3 MCPH families. Furthermore, in a patient presenting with a severe form of primary microcephaly and short stature, we identified compound heterozygous missense mutations in KIF14 (NM_014875.2;c.2545C>G;p.His849Asp and c.3662G>T;p.Gly1221Val). Three of the 5 identified mutations impaired splicing, and 2 resulted in a truncated protein. Intriguingly, Kif14 knockout mice also showed primary microcephaly. Human kinesin-like protein KIF14, a microtubule motor protein, localizes at the midbody to finalize cytokinesis by interacting with CRIK. We found impaired localization of both KIF14 and CRIK at the midbody in patient-derived fibroblasts. Furthermore, we observed a large number of binucleated and apoptotic cells-signs of failed cytokinesis that we also observed in experimentally KIF14-depleted cells. INTERPRETATION Our data corroborate the role of an impaired cytokinesis in the etiology of primary and syndromic microcephaly, as has been proposed by recent findings on CIT mutations. Ann Neurol 2017;82:562-577.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abubakar Moawia
- Cologne Center for Genomics, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Institute of Biochemistry I, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Human Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Health Biotechnology Division, National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Ranad Shaheen
- Department of Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sajida Rasool
- Cologne Center for Genomics, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Quaid-e-Azam Campus, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Syeda Seema Waseem
- Cologne Center for Genomics, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Institute of Biochemistry I, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Human Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Health Biotechnology Division, National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Nour Ewida
- Department of Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Birgit Budde
- Cologne Center for Genomics, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Amit Kawalia
- Cologne Center for Genomics, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Susanne Motameny
- Cologne Center for Genomics, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Kamal Khan
- Human Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Health Biotechnology Division, National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Ambrin Fatima
- Human Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Health Biotechnology Division, National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Jameel
- Human Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Health Biotechnology Division, National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Farid Ullah
- Human Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Health Biotechnology Division, National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Talia Akram
- Human Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Health Biotechnology Division, National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Zafar Ali
- Human Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Health Biotechnology Division, National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Uzma Abdullah
- Human Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Health Biotechnology Division, National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Saba Irshad
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Quaid-e-Azam Campus, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Wolfgang Höhne
- Cologne Center for Genomics, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Angelika Anna Noegel
- Cologne Center for Genomics, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Institute of Biochemistry I, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Mohammed Al-Owain
- Department of Medical Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Petra Stöbe
- Center for Genomics and Transcriptomics, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Shahid Mahmood Baig
- Human Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Health Biotechnology Division, National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Peter Nürnberg
- Cologne Center for Genomics, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Fowzan Sami Alkuraya
- Department of Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,Saudi Human Genome Program, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Andreas Hahn
- Department of Child Neurology, University of Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Muhammad Sajid Hussain
- Cologne Center for Genomics, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Institute of Biochemistry I, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
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12
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MCPH1, mutated in primary microcephaly, is required for efficient chromosome alignment during mitosis. Sci Rep 2017; 7:13019. [PMID: 29026105 PMCID: PMC5638862 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-12793-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2017] [Accepted: 09/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
MCPH1 gene, mutated in primary microcephaly, regulates cell progression into mitosis. While this role has been extensively investigated in the context of DNA damage, its function during unperturbed cell cycles has been given less attention. Here we have analyzed the dynamics of chromosome condensation and cell cycle progression in MCPH1 deficient cells under undamaging conditions. Our study demonstrates that chromosome condensation is uncoupled from cell cycle progression when MCPH1 function is lacking, resulting in cells that prematurely condense their chromosomes during mid G2-phase and delay decondensation at the completion of mitosis. However, mitosis onset occurs on schedule in MCPH1 deficient cells. We also revealed active Cdk1 to be mandatory for the premature onset of chromosome condensation during G2 and the maintenance of the condensed state thereafter. Interestingly, a novel cellular phenotype was observed while monitoring cell cycle progression in cells lacking MCPH1 function. Specifically, completion of chromosome alignment at the metaphase plate was significantly delayed. This deficiency reveals that MCPH1 is required for efficient chromosome biorientation during mitosis.
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13
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Duerinckx S, Abramowicz M. The genetics of congenitally small brains. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2017; 76:76-85. [PMID: 28912110 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2017.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2017] [Revised: 09/05/2017] [Accepted: 09/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Primary microcephaly (PM) refers to a congenitally small brain, resulting from insufficient prenatal production of neurons, and serves as a model disease for brain volumic development. Known PM genes delineate several cellular pathways, among which the centriole duplication pathway, which provide interesting clues about the cellular mechanisms involved. The general interest of the genetic dissection of PM is illustrated by the convergence of Zika virus infection and PM gene mutations on congenital microcephaly, with CENPJ/CPAP emerging as a key target. Physical (protein-protein) and genetic (digenic inheritance) interactions of Wdr62 and Aspm have been demonstrated in mice, and should now be sought in humans using high throughput parallel sequencing of multiple PM genes in PM patients and control subjects, in order to categorize mutually interacting genes, hence delineating functional pathways in vivo in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Duerinckx
- IRIBHM, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Route de Lennik 808, 1070 Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Marc Abramowicz
- IRIBHM, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Route de Lennik 808, 1070 Brussels, Belgium; Department of Medical Genetics, Hôpital Erasme, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Route de Lennik 808, 1070 Brussels, Belgium.
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14
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Snoek R, Albers MEWA, Mulder EJH, Lichtenbelt KD, de Vries LS, Nikkels PGJ, Cuppen I, Pistorius LR, Manten GTR, de Heus R. Accuracy of diagnosis and counseling of fetal brain anomalies prior to 24 weeks of gestational age. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2017; 31:2188-2194. [DOI: 10.1080/14767058.2017.1338258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rozemarijn Snoek
- Department of Obstetrics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | - Eduard J. H. Mulder
- Department of Obstetrics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Klaske D. Lichtenbelt
- Department of Biomedical Genetics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Linda S. de Vries
- Department of Obstetrics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Peter G. J. Nikkels
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Inge Cuppen
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Lourens R. Pistorius
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tygerberg Hospital, Cape Town, South-Africa
- Department of Medicine, University of Stellenbosch, Stellenbosch, South-Africa
| | | | - Roel de Heus
- Department of Obstetrics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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15
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Duerinckx S, Verhelst H, Perazzolo C, David P, Desmyter L, Pirson I, Abramowicz M. Severe congenital microcephaly with AP4M1 mutation, a case report. BMC MEDICAL GENETICS 2017; 18:48. [PMID: 28464862 PMCID: PMC5414176 DOI: 10.1186/s12881-017-0412-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2016] [Accepted: 04/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Background Autosomal recessive defects of either the B1, E1, M1 or S1 subunit of the Adaptor Protein complex-4 (AP4) are characterized by developmental delay, severe intellectual disability, spasticity, and occasionally mild to moderate microcephaly of essentially postnatal onset. Case presentation We report on a patient with severe microcephaly of prenatal onset, and progressive spasticity, developmental delay, and severe intellectual deficiency. Exome sequencing showed a homozygous mutation in AP4M1, causing the replacement of an arginine by a stop codon at position 338 of the protein (p.Arg338X). The premature stop codon truncates the Mu homology domain of AP4M1, with predicted loss of function. Exome analysis also showed heterozygous variants in three genes, ATR, MCPH1 and BLM, which are known causes of autosomal recessive primary microcephaly. Conclusions Our findings expand the AP4M1 phenotype to severe microcephaly of prenatal onset, and more generally suggest that the AP4 defect might share mechanisms of prenatal neuronal depletion with other genetic defects of brain development causing congenital, primary microcephaly. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12881-017-0412-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Helene Verhelst
- Department of Paediatric Neurology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | | | - Philippe David
- Department of Medical Imaging and Radiology, Hôpital Erasme - Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Laurence Desmyter
- Department of Medical Genetics, Hôpital Erasme - Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | | | - Marc Abramowicz
- IRIBHM, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium. .,Department of Medical Genetics, Hôpital Erasme - Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium.
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16
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Sleiman PMA, March M, Nguyen K, Tian L, Pellegrino R, Hou C, Dridi W, Sager M, Housawi YH, Hakonarson H. Loss-of-Function Mutations in KIF15 Underlying a Braddock-Carey Genocopy. Hum Mutat 2017; 38:507-510. [PMID: 28150392 DOI: 10.1002/humu.23188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2016] [Accepted: 01/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Braddock-Carey Syndrome (BCS) is characterized by microcephaly, congenital thrombocytopenia, Pierre-Robin sequence (PRS), and agenesis of the corpus callosum. BCS has been shown to be caused by a 21q22.11 microdeletion that encompasses multiple genes. Here, we report a BCS genocopy characterized by congenital thrombocytopenia and PRS that is caused by a loss-of-function mutation in KIF15 in a consanguineous Saudi Arabian family. Mutations of mitotic kinesins are a well-established cause of microcephaly. To our knowledge, KIF15 is the first kinesin to be associated with congenital thrombocytopenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick M A Sleiman
- The Center for Applied Genomics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,Department of Pediatrics, The Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Michael March
- The Center for Applied Genomics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Kenny Nguyen
- The Center for Applied Genomics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Lifeng Tian
- The Center for Applied Genomics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Renata Pellegrino
- The Center for Applied Genomics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Cuiping Hou
- The Center for Applied Genomics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Walid Dridi
- Departments of Pediatrics, Pediatric Oncology, Pathology and Laboratory Medicine and Research, King Fahad Specialist Hospital, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed Sager
- Departments of Pediatrics, Pediatric Oncology, Pathology and Laboratory Medicine and Research, King Fahad Specialist Hospital, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yousef H Housawi
- Departments of Pediatrics, Pediatric Oncology, Pathology and Laboratory Medicine and Research, King Fahad Specialist Hospital, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hakon Hakonarson
- The Center for Applied Genomics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,Department of Pediatrics, The Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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17
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de Wolf B, Kops GJPL. Kinetochore Malfunction in Human Pathologies. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2017; 1002:69-91. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-57127-0_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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18
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Abramowicz M. Microcephaly risk with RUSC2. Dev Med Child Neurol 2016; 58:1211-1212. [PMID: 27682271 DOI: 10.1111/dmcn.13293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marc Abramowicz
- Génétique Médicale, Université Libre de Bruxelles - Hôpital Erasme, Bruxelles, Belgium
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19
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Abstract
Centrosomes are complex structures, which are embedded into the opposite poles of the mitotic spindle of most animals, acting as microtubule organizing centres. Surprisingly, in several biological systems, such as flies, chicken, or human cells, centrosomes are not essential for cell division. Nonetheless, they ensure faithful chromosome segregation. Moreover, mis-functioning centrosomes can act in a dominant-negative manner, resulting in erroneous mitotic progression. Here, I review the mechanisms by which centrosomes contribute to proper spindle organization and faithful chromosome segregation under physiological conditions and discuss how errors in centrosome function impair transmission of the genomic material in a pathological setting.
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20
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Li H, Bielas S, Zaki M, Ismail S, Farfara D, Um K, Rosti R, Scott E, Tu S, Chi N, Gabriel S, Erson-Omay E, Ercan-Sencicek A, Yasuno K, Çağlayan A, Kaymakçalan H, Ekici B, Bilguvar K, Gunel M, Gleeson J. Biallelic Mutations in Citron Kinase Link Mitotic Cytokinesis to Human Primary Microcephaly. Am J Hum Genet 2016; 99:501-10. [PMID: 27453578 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2016.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2016] [Accepted: 07/05/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell division terminates with cytokinesis and cellular separation. Autosomal-recessive primary microcephaly (MCPH) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by a reduction in brain and head size at birth in addition to non-progressive intellectual disability. MCPH is genetically heterogeneous, and 16 loci are known to be associated with loss-of-function mutations predominantly affecting centrosomal-associated proteins, but the multiple roles of centrosomes in cellular function has left questions about etiology. Here, we identified three families affected by homozygous missense mutations in CIT, encoding citron rho-interacting kinase (CIT), which has established roles in cytokinesis. All mutations caused substitution of conserved amino acid residues in the kinase domain and impaired kinase activity. Neural progenitors that were differentiated from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) derived from individuals with these mutations exhibited abnormal cytokinesis with delayed mitosis, multipolar spindles, and increased apoptosis, rescued by CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing. Our results highlight the importance of cytokinesis in the pathology of primary microcephaly.
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21
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Narayanan M, Ramsey K, Grebe T, Schrauwen I, Szelinger S, Huentelman M, Craig D, Narayanan V. Case Report: Compound heterozygous nonsense mutations in TRMT10A are associated with microcephaly, delayed development, and periventricular white matter hyperintensities. F1000Res 2015; 4:912. [PMID: 26535115 PMCID: PMC4617320 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.7106.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Microcephaly is a fairly common feature observed in children with delayed development, defined as head circumference less than 2 standard deviations below the mean for age and gender. It may be the result of an acquired insult to the brain, such prenatal or perinatal brain injury (congenital infection or hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy), or be a part of a genetic syndrome. There are over 1000 conditions listed in OMIM (Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man) where microcephaly is a key finding; many of these are associated with specific somatic features and non-CNS anomalies. The term primary microcephaly is used when microcephaly and delayed development are the primary features, and they are not part of another recognized syndrome. In this case report, we present the clinical features of siblings (brother and sister) with primary microcephaly and delayed development, and subtle dysmorphic features. Both children had brain MRI studies that showed periventricular and subcortical T2/FLAIR hyperintensities, without signs of white matter volume loss, and no parenchymal calcifications by CT scan. The family was enrolled in a research study for whole exome sequencing of probands and parents. Analysis of variants determined that the children were compound heterozygotes for nonsense mutations, c.277C>T (p.Arg93*) and c.397C>T (p.Arg133*), in the
TRMT10A gene. Mutations in this gene have only recently been reported in children with microcephaly and early onset diabetes mellitus. Our report adds to current knowledge of
TRMT10A related neurodevelopmental disorders and demonstrates imaging findings suggestive of delayed or abnormal myelination of the white matter in this disorder. Accurate diagnosis through genomic testing, as in the children described here, allows for early detection and management of medical complications, such as diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohan Narayanan
- Arizona Pediatric Neurology & Neurogenetics Associates, Phoenix, AZ, USA ; Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Keri Ramsey
- Center for Rare Childhood Disorders, Translational Genomics Research Institute, Phoenix, AZ, USA ; Neurogenomics Division, Translational Genomics Research Institute, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Theresa Grebe
- Department of Genetics, Phoenix Children's Hospital, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Isabelle Schrauwen
- Center for Rare Childhood Disorders, Translational Genomics Research Institute, Phoenix, AZ, USA ; Neurogenomics Division, Translational Genomics Research Institute, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Szabolcs Szelinger
- Center for Rare Childhood Disorders, Translational Genomics Research Institute, Phoenix, AZ, USA ; Neurogenomics Division, Translational Genomics Research Institute, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Matthew Huentelman
- Center for Rare Childhood Disorders, Translational Genomics Research Institute, Phoenix, AZ, USA ; Neurogenomics Division, Translational Genomics Research Institute, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - David Craig
- Center for Rare Childhood Disorders, Translational Genomics Research Institute, Phoenix, AZ, USA ; Neurogenomics Division, Translational Genomics Research Institute, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Vinodh Narayanan
- Arizona Pediatric Neurology & Neurogenetics Associates, Phoenix, AZ, USA ; Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix, AZ, USA ; Center for Rare Childhood Disorders, Translational Genomics Research Institute, Phoenix, AZ, USA ; Neurogenomics Division, Translational Genomics Research Institute, Phoenix, AZ, USA
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