1
|
Kortas A, Pomianowski A, Kolecka M, Rytel L. Sensorineural deafness in purebred white Devon Rex cats. J Vet Intern Med 2024; 38:1120-1126. [PMID: 38332646 PMCID: PMC10937476 DOI: 10.1111/jvim.17007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Data regarding congenital sensorineural deafness (CSD) in client-owned, white Devon Rex cats is limited because most of the information on this disease comes from experiments on mixed-breed cats. OBJECTIVES Provide data on the occurrence of CSD in a population of client-owned purebred white Devon Rex cats. ANIMALS Forty client-owned, purebred, white Devon Rex cats examined at 2 different facilities. Median age of the examined cats was 19 weeks. METHODS Hearing status was defined by use of brainstem auditory evoked responses. RESULTS The occurrence of sensorineural deafness in the studied population of Devon Rex cats was estimated at 10%. Unilateral and bilateral deafness occurred equally often, with 2 individuals having each (ie, 5.0%). No association between the occurrence of CSD and sex could be found, χ2 (1, n = 40) = 0.001 (P > .99). No association between blue irises and deafness was noted in the studied population, χ2 (1, n = 40) < 0.01 (P > .99). CONCLUSIONS The occurrence of CSD in a population of client-owned, white Devon Rex cats was found to be lower compared with data obtained in previously conducted studies of deafness in purebred cats. In the studied population of Devon Rex cats, no association between blue irises and CSD was found.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Annemarie Kortas
- Department of Internal Diseases with Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of Warmia and MazuryOlsztynPoland
| | - Andrzej Pomianowski
- Department of Internal Diseases with Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of Warmia and MazuryOlsztynPoland
| | - Malgorzata Kolecka
- Neurology and Neurosurgery DepartmentSmall Animal Clinic KalbachFrankfurtGermany
| | - Liliana Rytel
- Department of Internal Diseases with Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of Warmia and MazuryOlsztynPoland
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Awazu A, Takemoto D, Watanabe K, Sakamoto N. Possibilities of skin coat color-dependent risks and risk factors of squamous cell carcinoma and deafness of domestic cats inferred via RNA-seq data. Genes Cells 2023; 28:893-905. [PMID: 37864512 DOI: 10.1111/gtc.13076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/23/2023]
Abstract
The transcriptome data of skin cells from domestic cats with brown, orange, and white coats were analyzed using a public database to investigate the possible relationship between coat color-related gene expression and squamous cell carcinoma risk, as well as the mechanism of deafness in white cats. We found that the ratio of the expression level of genes suppressing squamous cell carcinoma to that of genes promoting squamous cell carcinoma might be considerably lower than the theoretical estimation in skin cells with orange and white coats in white-spotted cat. We also found the possibility of the frequent production of KIT lacking the first exon (d1KIT) in skin cells with white coats, and d1KIT production exhibited a substantial negative correlation with the expression of SOX10, which is essential for melanocyte formation and adjustment of hearing function. Additionally, the production of d1KIT was expected to be due to the insulating activity of the feline endogenous retrovirus 1 (FERV1) LTR in the first intron of KIT by its CTCF binding sequence repeat. These results contribute to basic veterinary research to understand the relationship between cat skin coat and disease risk, as well as the underlying mechanism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Akinori Awazu
- Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
- Research Center for the Mathematics on Chromatin Live Dynamics, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Daigo Takemoto
- Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Kaichi Watanabe
- Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Naoaki Sakamoto
- Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
- Research Center for the Mathematics on Chromatin Live Dynamics, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Annemarie K, Liliana R, Małgorzata K, Andrzej P. Evaluation of the prevalence of congenital sensorineural deafness in a population of 72 client-owned purebred white cats examined from 2007 to 2021. BMC Vet Res 2022; 18:287. [PMID: 35869465 PMCID: PMC9306025 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-022-03378-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Data on sensorineural deafness (CSD) in purebred white client-owned cats is limited as most of the information on this disease entity is assured from mixed-breed experimental colonies. It is known that cats with blue irises are more predisposed to CSD having been described as a condition in which many structures in the inner ear are damaged resulting in hearing loss. Cats with CSD are born deaf or lose their hearing irreversibly within the first 4-5 weeks of life. It is important to diagnose cats with this hereditary condition in order to eliminate affected individuals from breeding. The objectives of this study were to ensure data on prevalence of CSD in a population of 72 client-owned purebred white cats in Poland according to the color of the irises and to determine if there are any predispositions with regard to CSD among different breeds of cats in which the dominant W gene is present. Results Conducted study included 72 purebred white cats from six different breeds. The prevalence of CSD in the conducted study was 16.7%, CI95 [8.9%; 23.3%]. Unilateral deafness (11.1%, CI95 [4.9%; 20.7%]) was more common than bilateral CSD (5.6%, CI95 [1.5%; 13.6%]). The studies did not show any association between sex and CSD, p = .46. No association between the blue color of irises and deafness in the studied population could be found, p = .91. When compared to the rest of the examined population, no association was found between CSD and a particular breed. Conclusions Overall prevalence of CSD regarding the examined population of purebred client-owned cats was reported as lower when compared to previous studies concerning purebred cats. Cats with blue irises are more likely to be deaf in accordance to the current state of knowledge, however in the conducted study, no significant association between the presence of blue irises and deafness in white purebred cats could be identified. In order to eliminate CSD from the population, it is necessary to conduct examinations and diagnose CSD in white cats with blue irises as well as with irises of color other than blue. Association between particular breed and CSD wasn’t identified.
Collapse
|
4
|
Development of Auditory Cortex Circuits. J Assoc Res Otolaryngol 2021; 22:237-259. [PMID: 33909161 DOI: 10.1007/s10162-021-00794-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The ability to process and perceive sensory stimuli is an essential function for animals. Among the sensory modalities, audition is crucial for communication, pleasure, care for the young, and perceiving threats. The auditory cortex (ACtx) is a key sound processing region that combines ascending signals from the auditory periphery and inputs from other sensory and non-sensory regions. The development of ACtx is a protracted process starting prenatally and requires the complex interplay of molecular programs, spontaneous activity, and sensory experience. Here, we review the development of thalamic and cortical auditory circuits during pre- and early post-natal periods.
Collapse
|
5
|
Bianchi E, Cantoni AM, Poncelet L. The acoustically evoked short latency negative response (ASNR) in a unilaterally deaf cat with histologically-confirmed cochleosaccular degeneration. BMC Vet Res 2020; 16:215. [PMID: 32586340 PMCID: PMC7318522 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-020-02426-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background A negative potential is occasionally recorded in humans and animals with profound deafness during brainstem auditory evoked potential (BAER) tests if loud intensities are used. This acoustically evoked short latency negative response (ASNR) is hypothesized to be of saccular origin. The sensitivity to sound of vestibular end organs is also used to produce vestibular evoked myogenic potentials (VEMP), a test that evaluates vestibular function. The same saccular origin is accepted also for VEMP. Case presentation A neutered male white domestic short hair cat presented with profound deafness and an ASNR in the left ear during BAER test performed when he was 8 months old. BAER tracings were substantially unchanged at the age of 12 years, immediately before euthanasia that was requested by the owner for the presence of an unrelated neoplastic disorder. The cat underwent a complete post-mortem necropsy including histopathology of the middle and inner ears. Histopathologic results confirmed the presence of a cochleosaccular degeneration of the left ear while the cochlea and sacculus of the right ear and the utriculus and semicircular canals of both ears were histologically normal. Conclusions This case report describes the auditory and histopathologic findings of a cat that showed an ASNR during BAER test despite the presence of cochleosaccular deafness. These results confirm that a saccular origin for the ASNR in this case, and in general in cats and dogs with congenital deafness associated with white pigmentation, is improbable. The hypothesis that the sacculus is the vestibular end organ responsible for the generation of the ASNR and VEMP in humans comes mainly from animal studies. The findings in this report may change the clinical interpretation of the results of BAER and VEMP not only in companion animals, but in humans as well.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ezio Bianchi
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Parma, Via del Taglio, 10, 43126, Parma, Italy.
| | - Anna Maria Cantoni
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Parma, Via del Taglio, 10, 43126, Parma, Italy
| | - Luc Poncelet
- Laboratory of Anatomy, Biomechanics and Organogenesis, CP 619, Faculty of Medicine, Free University of Brussels, route de Lennik, 808, B-1070, Bruxelles, Belgium.,ULB Neuroscience Institute, Bruxelles, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Hayward JJ, Kelly-Smith M, Boyko AR, Burmeister L, De Risio L, Mellersh C, Freeman J, Strain GM. A genome-wide association study of deafness in three canine breeds. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0232900. [PMID: 32413090 PMCID: PMC7228063 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0232900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Congenital deafness in the domestic dog is usually related to the presence of white pigmentation, which is controlled primarily by the piebald locus on chromosome 20 and also by merle on chromosome 10. Pigment-associated deafness is also seen in other species, including cats, mice, sheep, alpacas, horses, cows, pigs, and humans, but the genetic factors determining why some piebald or merle dogs develop deafness while others do not have yet to be determined. Here we perform a genome-wide association study (GWAS) to identify regions of the canine genome significantly associated with deafness in three dog breeds carrying piebald: Dalmatian, Australian cattle dog, and English setter. We include bilaterally deaf, unilaterally deaf, and matched control dogs from the same litter, phenotyped using the brainstem auditory evoked response (BAER) hearing test. Principal component analysis showed that we have different distributions of cases and controls in genetically distinct Dalmatian populations, therefore GWAS was performed separately for North American and UK samples. We identified one genome-wide significant association and 14 suggestive (chromosome-wide) associations using the GWAS design of bilaterally deaf vs. control Australian cattle dogs. However, these associations were not located on the same chromosome as the piebald locus, indicating the complexity of the genetics underlying this disease in the domestic dog. Because of this apparent complex genetic architecture, larger sample sizes may be needed to detect the genetic loci modulating risk in piebald dogs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jessica J. Hayward
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, United States of America
| | - Maria Kelly-Smith
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, United States of America
| | - Adam R. Boyko
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, United States of America
| | | | - Luisa De Risio
- Animal Health Trust, Newmarket, Suffolk, England, United Kingdom
| | - Cathryn Mellersh
- Animal Health Trust, Newmarket, Suffolk, England, United Kingdom
| | - Julia Freeman
- Animal Health Trust, Newmarket, Suffolk, England, United Kingdom
| | - George M. Strain
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Ratnanather JT. Structural neuroimaging of the altered brain stemming from pediatric and adolescent hearing loss-Scientific and clinical challenges. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-SYSTEMS BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2019; 12:e1469. [PMID: 31802640 DOI: 10.1002/wsbm.1469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2019] [Revised: 10/01/2019] [Accepted: 10/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
There has been a spurt in structural neuroimaging studies of the effect of hearing loss on the brain. Specifically, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) technologies provide an opportunity to quantify changes in gray and white matter structures at the macroscopic scale. To date, there have been 32 MRI and 23 DTI studies that have analyzed structural differences accruing from pre- or peri-lingual pediatric hearing loss with congenital or early onset etiology and postlingual hearing loss in pre-to-late adolescence. Additionally, there have been 15 prospective clinical structural neuroimaging studies of children and adolescents being evaluated for cochlear implants. The results of the 70 studies are summarized in two figures and three tables. Plastic changes in the brain are seen to be multifocal rather than diffuse, that is, differences are consistent across regions implicated in the hearing, speech and language networks regardless of modes of communication and amplification. Structures in that play an important role in cognition are affected to a lesser extent. A limitation of these studies is the emphasis on volumetric measures and on homogeneous groups of subjects with hearing loss. It is suggested that additional measures of morphometry and connectivity could contribute to a greater understanding of the effect of hearing loss on the brain. Then an interpretation of the observed macroscopic structural differences is given. This is followed by discussion of how structural imaging can be combined with functional imaging to provide biomarkers for longitudinal tracking of amplification. This article is categorized under: Developmental Biology > Developmental Processes in Health and Disease Translational, Genomic, and Systems Medicine > Translational Medicine Laboratory Methods and Technologies > Imaging.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Tilak Ratnanather
- Center for Imaging Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland.,Institute for Computational Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Mari L, Freeman J, Van Dijk J, De Risio L. Prevalence of congenital sensorineural deafness in a population of client-owned purebred kittens in the United Kingdom. J Vet Intern Med 2019; 33:1707-1713. [PMID: 31144374 PMCID: PMC6639530 DOI: 10.1111/jvim.15515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2018] [Accepted: 05/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Data about congenital sensorineural deafness (CSD) in white blue‐eyed cats derive mainly from research colonies, and information about client‐owned cats is limited. Objectives To describe the prevalence of CSD in a client‐owned population of white purebred kittens and colored littermates in the United Kingdom. Animals One hundred thirty‐two solid white client‐owned purebred kittens and 61 colored littermates, 6 to 21 weeks of age. Methods Retrospective (56 cases) and prospective (137 cases) study. Hearing was assessed by brainstem auditory evoked response testing, and the entire litter was tested. Results Congenital sensorineural deafness was diagnosed only in solid white kittens, with a prevalence of 30.3% (15.9% bilateral, 14.4% unilateral). The prevalence of CSD was significantly higher in white kittens with 1 (44.4%) or 2 (50%) blue irises than in those without blue irises (22.2%). Kittens with at least 1 blue iris were 3.2 times more likely to have CSD than kittens without blue irises. In solid white kittens, CSD was diagnosed in 7 of 15 (46.7%) Turkish Vankedisi, 8 of 18 (44.0%) Maine Coon, 18 of 41 (43.9%) Norwegian Forest, 3 of 11 (27.3%) British Shorthair, 2 of 12 (16.7%) Devon Rex, 2 of 12 (8.3%) Persian, 1 of 21 (4.8%) Russian, and 0 of 2 Sphinx. The prevalence of CSD was significantly different in Norwegian Forest, Maine Coon, and Turkish Vankedisi kittens compared with Persian or Russian kittens. Conclusion and Clinical Importance We identified a high prevalence of CSD in a population of client‐owned purebred white kittens in the United Kingdom and suggest differences in breed‐specific prevalence of CSD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Mari
- Neurology/Neurosurgery Service, Center for Small Animal Studies, Animal Health Trust, Newmarket, United Kingdom
| | - Julia Freeman
- Neurology/Neurosurgery Service, Center for Small Animal Studies, Animal Health Trust, Newmarket, United Kingdom
| | - Jan Van Dijk
- Centre for Preventive Medicine, Animal Health Trust, Newmarket, United Kingdom
| | - Luisa De Risio
- Neurology/Neurosurgery Service, Center for Small Animal Studies, Animal Health Trust, Newmarket, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Beck T, Kilchling TP, Meyer-Lindenberg A. Differences between µCT-imaging and conventional CT for the diagnosis of possible diseases of the middle and inner cat ear. Anat Histol Embryol 2019; 48:268-276. [PMID: 30868615 DOI: 10.1111/ahe.12438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2019] [Accepted: 02/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to check the relevance of using in-vivo micro computed tomography (µCT) for the diagnosis of possible diseases of the middle and inner ear of the cat. Therefore, on the one hand, differences of the detail detectability between the two imaging methods conventional computed tomography (cCT) and in-vivo µCT were analyzed. Six healthy cat ears were dissected and scanned several times and the obtained images were compared with each other. On the other hand, histological slices of all ears were prepared and pictures of defined anatomical structures were taken and compared with the identical sectional plane of the µCT-images. This way it was possible to evaluate the quality and clinical limitations of the in-vivo µCT. The results show that an in-vivo µCT is suitable to analyze even the smallest osseous structures, such as the semicircular ducts, the spiral osseous lamina or the ossicles whereas with the help of cCT it is not possible to identify such small osseous structures because of their blurred and less detailed representation. Delicate soft tissue structures as the membranous labyrinth including hearing and vestibular organ cannot be differentiated with as well in-vivo µCT- as with cCT-images. In-vivo µCT represent a good possibility for more detailed diagnosis of extremely fine structures which cannot be detected with cCT. Histological slices can nonetheless not be replaced by in-vivo µCT due to a too low spatial resolution and the limitations of the in-vivo µCT with regard to the evaluation of soft tissue dense structures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Beck
- Clinic for small animal surgery and reproduction, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, München, Germany
| | - Tim P Kilchling
- Clinic for small animal surgery and reproduction, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, München, Germany
| | - Andrea Meyer-Lindenberg
- Clinic for small animal surgery and reproduction, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, München, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Keskin N, Albasan H, Sancak IG, Paparella MM, Cureoglu S. Cochleosaccular (Scheibe) dysplasia in dogs: A temporal bone study. CANADIAN JOURNAL OF VETERINARY RESEARCH = REVUE CANADIENNE DE RECHERCHE VETERINAIRE 2019; 83:11-16. [PMID: 30670897 PMCID: PMC6318820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2017] [Accepted: 03/20/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate any otopathologic changes in temporal bone specimens from dogs with deafness related to cochleosaccular (Scheibe) dysplasia (CSD). We used the canine temporal bone collections of the Otopathology Laboratory at the University of Minnesota and of the Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary at Harvard University in Boston. Our morphometric analysis included measuring the areas of the stria vascularis and the spiral ligament and counting the number of spiral ganglion cells. In addition, we noted the presence of the organ of Corti and cochlear hair cells, assessed the location of Reissner's membrane and the saccular membrane, and counted the number of both Type I and Type II vestibular hair cells in the macule of the saccule and vestibular ganglion cells. In the group of specimens from dogs with cochleosaccular dysplasia, we observed generalized degeneration in the cochlea and a significantly decreased number of Type I and Type II vestibular hair cells and vestibular ganglion cells. As hereditary deafness is presently untreatable with known therapeutic methods, dogs with cochleosaccular dysplasia should not be considered for breeding. Future therapeutic approaches, such as stem cell therapies, should be designed to target all the elements of the cochlea in addition to the saccule as it was found that both are affected in dogs with CSD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nevra Keskin
- Department of Internal Medicine (Keskin, Albasan) and Department of Surgery (Sancak), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ankara, Ankara, Turkey; Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Lions Research Building, Room 210, Mayo Mail Code 2873, 2001 6th Street SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA (Keskin, Albasan, Sancak, Cureoglu); Paparella Ear Head & Neck Institute, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA (Paparella); Department of Otolaryngology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary (Mini-fellowship), Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA (Keskin)
| | - Hasan Albasan
- Department of Internal Medicine (Keskin, Albasan) and Department of Surgery (Sancak), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ankara, Ankara, Turkey; Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Lions Research Building, Room 210, Mayo Mail Code 2873, 2001 6th Street SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA (Keskin, Albasan, Sancak, Cureoglu); Paparella Ear Head & Neck Institute, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA (Paparella); Department of Otolaryngology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary (Mini-fellowship), Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA (Keskin)
| | - Irem Gul Sancak
- Department of Internal Medicine (Keskin, Albasan) and Department of Surgery (Sancak), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ankara, Ankara, Turkey; Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Lions Research Building, Room 210, Mayo Mail Code 2873, 2001 6th Street SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA (Keskin, Albasan, Sancak, Cureoglu); Paparella Ear Head & Neck Institute, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA (Paparella); Department of Otolaryngology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary (Mini-fellowship), Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA (Keskin)
| | - Michael M Paparella
- Department of Internal Medicine (Keskin, Albasan) and Department of Surgery (Sancak), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ankara, Ankara, Turkey; Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Lions Research Building, Room 210, Mayo Mail Code 2873, 2001 6th Street SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA (Keskin, Albasan, Sancak, Cureoglu); Paparella Ear Head & Neck Institute, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA (Paparella); Department of Otolaryngology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary (Mini-fellowship), Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA (Keskin)
| | - Sebahattin Cureoglu
- Department of Internal Medicine (Keskin, Albasan) and Department of Surgery (Sancak), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ankara, Ankara, Turkey; Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Lions Research Building, Room 210, Mayo Mail Code 2873, 2001 6th Street SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA (Keskin, Albasan, Sancak, Cureoglu); Paparella Ear Head & Neck Institute, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA (Paparella); Department of Otolaryngology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary (Mini-fellowship), Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA (Keskin)
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Abdul Kadir L, Stacey M, Barrett-Jolley R. Emerging Roles of the Membrane Potential: Action Beyond the Action Potential. Front Physiol 2018; 9:1661. [PMID: 30519193 PMCID: PMC6258788 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.01661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2018] [Accepted: 11/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Whilst the phenomenon of an electrical resting membrane potential (RMP) is a central tenet of biology, it is nearly always discussed as a phenomenon that facilitates the propagation of action potentials in excitable tissue, muscle, and nerve. However, as ion channel research shifts beyond these tissues, it became clear that the RMP is a feature of virtually all cells studied. The RMP is maintained by the cell’s compliment of ion channels. Transcriptome sequencing is increasingly revealing that equally rich compliments of ion channels exist in both excitable and non-excitable tissue. In this review, we discuss a range of critical roles that the RMP has in a variety of cell types beyond the action potential. Whereas most biologists would perceive that the RMP is primarily about excitability, the data show that in fact excitability is only a small part of it. Emerging evidence show that a dynamic membrane potential is critical for many other processes including cell cycle, cell-volume control, proliferation, muscle contraction (even in the absence of an action potential), and wound healing. Modulation of the RMP is therefore a potential target for many new drugs targeting a range of diseases and biological functions from cancer through to wound healing and is likely to be key to the development of successful stem cell therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lina Abdul Kadir
- Institute of Ageing and Chronic Disease, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Michael Stacey
- Frank Reidy Research Center for Bioelectrics, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA, United States
| | - Richard Barrett-Jolley
- Institute of Ageing and Chronic Disease, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
2018 ACVIM Forum Research Abstract Program. Seattle, Washington, June 14 - 15, 2018. J Vet Intern Med 2018; 32:2144-2309. [PMID: 32744743 PMCID: PMC6272043 DOI: 10.1111/jvim.15319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2018] [Accepted: 08/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
|
13
|
Affiliation(s)
- C. K. Russell
- Department of Clinical Sciences; College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences; Colorado State University; Fort Collins Colorado USA
| | - T. A. Aboellail
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Pathology; College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences; Colorado State University; Fort Collins Colorado USA
| | - Y. S. Nout-Lomas
- Department of Clinical Sciences; College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences; Colorado State University; Fort Collins Colorado USA
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Comparison of the brainstem auditory evoked responses during sevoflurane or alfaxalone anaesthesia in adult cats. Vet Anaesth Analg 2017; 44:1085-1090. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vaa.2016.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2016] [Revised: 09/02/2016] [Accepted: 11/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
15
|
Abstract
Practical relevance: Auditory function is a sense that is central to life for cats - being important in situational awareness of potential predators, pursuit of prey, and for communication with conspecifics, humans and other species. Deafness in cats is most frequently the result of a genetic disorder, strongly associated with white fur and blue eyes, but may also result from acquired causes such as advancing age, ototoxic drugs, infection, environmental noise and physical trauma. Deafness can be sensorineural, where there is loss of cochlear hair cells, or conductive, where sound is muffled on its way to the inner ear. Clinical challenges: Establishing whether a cat is deaf can be difficult as behavioral testing of hearing is subjective and does not reliably detect unilateral deafness. Brainstem auditory evoked response testing is an objective measure but is limited in its availability. Currently, sensorineural deafness is irreversible because no treatments are available to restore lost hair cells. Conductive hearing loss can usually be treated, although full hearing recovery following otitis media may take weeks as the body clears the middle ear of debris. Evidence base: The author draws on the published literature and his extensive research on clinical aspects and molecular genetics of deafness, principally in companion animals, to review types and forms of deafness in cats. He also discusses current diagnostic approaches and provides brief advice for managing cats with hearing loss.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- George M Strain
- Comparative Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Bellows J, Center S, Daristotle L, Estrada AH, Flickinger EA, Horwitz DF, Lascelles BDX, Lepine A, Perea S, Scherk M, Shoveller AK. Evaluating aging in cats: How to determine what is healthy and what is disease. J Feline Med Surg 2017; 18:551-70. [PMID: 27370393 DOI: 10.1177/1098612x16649525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
PRACTICAL RELEVANCE Many of the changes that occur with aging are not considered pathologic and do not negatively affect overall wellness or quality of life. Ruling out disease is essential, however, when attempting to determine whether an aged cat can be considered 'healthy'. A clear understanding of the normal and abnormal changes that are associated with aging in cats can help practitioners make decisions regarding medical management, feeding interventions and additional testing procedures for their aged patients. CLINICAL CHALLENGES It can be difficult to determine if a cat is displaying changes that are appropriate for age. For example, healthy aged cats may have hematologic or serum biochemistry changes that differ from those of the general feline population. Assessment of behavioral health and cognitive changes, as well as auditory, olfactory and visual changes, can also be challenging in the aged patient. GOALS This is the second of two review articles in a Special Issue devoted to feline healthy aging. The goals of the project culminating in these publications included developing a working definition for healthy aging in feline patients and identifying clinical methods that can be used to accurately classify healthy aged cats. This second review proposes criteria for assessing 'healthy aged cats'. EVIDENCE BASE There is a paucity of research in feline aging. The authors draw on expert opinion and available data in both the cat and other species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Sharon Center
- Cornell University, College of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Ithaca, New York, USA
| | - Leighann Daristotle
- The Iams Company, Mars Pet Care, 6574 State Route 503 North, Lewisburg, OH, USA L Daristotle's current address is: The Blue Buffalo Co, Wilton, CT, USA
| | - Amara H Estrada
- University of Florida, College of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Elizabeth A Flickinger
- The Iams Company, Mars Pet Care, 6574 State Route 503 North, Lewisburg, OH, USA EA Flickinger's current address is: Kent Pet Group, 2905 N Hwy 61, Muscatine, IA, USA
| | | | - B Duncan X Lascelles
- North Carolina State University, College of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Allan Lepine
- The Iams Company, Mars Pet Care, 6574 State Route 503 North, Lewisburg, OH, USA
| | - Sally Perea
- The Iams Company, Mars Pet Care, 6574 State Route 503 North, Lewisburg, OH, USA
| | | | - Anna K Shoveller
- The Iams Company, Mars Pet Care, 6574 State Route 503 North, Lewisburg, OH, USA AK Shoveller's current address is: Department of Animal BioSciences, University of Guelph, ON, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Abstract
Although deafness can be acquired throughout an animal's life from a variety of causes, hereditary deafness, especially congenital hereditary deafness, is a significant problem in several species. Extensive reviews exist of the genetics of deafness in humans and mice, but not for deafness in domestic animals. Hereditary deafness in many species and breeds is associated with loci for white pigmentation, where the cochlear pathology is cochleo-saccular. In other cases, there is no pigmentation association and the cochlear pathology is neuroepithelial. Late onset hereditary deafness has recently been identified in dogs and may be present but not yet recognized in other species. Few genes responsible for deafness have been identified in animals, but progress has been made for identifying genes responsible for the associated pigmentation phenotypes. Across species, the genes identified with deafness or white pigmentation patterns include MITF, PMEL, KIT, EDNRB, CDH23, TYR, and TRPM1 in dog, cat, horse, cow, pig, sheep, ferret, mink, camelid, and rabbit. Multiple causative genes are present in some species. Significant work remains in many cases to identify specific chromosomal deafness genes so that DNA testing can be used to identify carriers of the mutated genes and thereby reduce deafness prevalence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- George M. Strain
- Comparative Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
|
19
|
Moya A, Mínguez JJ, Martorell J, Gallinato MJ, Recio A. Congenital Peripheral Vestibular Syndrome in a Domestic Ferret ( Mustela putorius furo). J Exot Pet Med 2014; 23:287-293. [PMID: 32362793 PMCID: PMC7185825 DOI: 10.1053/j.jepm.2014.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
A 3-month-old intact female ferret (Mustela putorius furo) was presented with a 2-month history of ataxia. On physical examination, the ferret had difficulty standing upright. During the neurologic examination, the patient had a left head tilt and positional strabismus, circled to the left, and was ataxic. Results of the complete blood count were consistent with a mild normocytic normochromic anemia. Initial treatment was supportive. Magnetic resonance imaging was performed and revealed an asymmetry of the inner ears. A brainstem auditory evoked response test was also performed. History, clinical signs, and diagnostic test results indicated that the ferret was suffering from congenital peripheral vestibular syndrome and left-sided deafness. Congenital disease should be considered in the differential diagnosis of young ferrets with peripheral vestibular syndrome. Supportive care and physiotherapy can improve balance and motor function, leading to an acceptable quality of life.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jaime Martorell
- Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia Animals, Facultat de Veterinaria, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | |
Collapse
|