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Montoya C, Kurylec J, Ossa A, Orrego S. Cyclic strain of poly (methyl methacrylate) surfaces triggered the pathogenicity of Candida albicans. Acta Biomater 2023; 170:415-426. [PMID: 37625677 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2023.08.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
Candida albicans is an opportunistic yeast and the primary etiological factor in oral candidiasis and denture stomatitis. The pathogenesis of C. albicans could be triggered by several variables, including environmental, nutritional, and biomaterial surface cues. Specifically, biomaterial interactions are driven by different surface properties, including wettability, stiffness, and roughness. Dental biomaterials experience repetitive (cyclic) stresses from chewing and biomechanical movements. Pathogenic biofilms are formed over these biomaterial surfaces under cyclic strain. This study investigated the effect of the cyclic strain (deformation) of biomaterial surfaces on the virulence of Candida albicans. Candida biofilms were grown over Poly (methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) surfaces subjected to static (no strain) and cyclic strain with different levels (ε˜x=0.1 and 0.2%). To evaluate the biomaterial-biofilm interactions, the biofilm characteristics, yeast-to-hyphae transition, and the expression of virulent genes were measured. Results showed the biofilm biomass and metabolic activity to be significantly higher when Candida adhered to surfaces subjected to cyclic strain compared to static surfaces. Examination of the yeast-to-hyphae transition showed pseudo-hyphae cells (pathogenic) in cyclically strained biomaterial surfaces, whereas static surfaces showed spherical yeast cells (commensal). RNA sequencing was used to determine and compare the transcriptome profiles of cyclically strained and static surfaces. Genes and transcription factors associated with cell adhesion (CSH1, PGA10, and RBT5), biofilm formation (EFG1), and secretion of extracellular matrix (ECM) (CRH1, ADH5, GCA1, and GCA2) were significantly upregulated in the cyclically strained biomaterial surfaces compared to static ones. Genes and transcription factors associated with virulence (UME6 and HGC1) and the secretion of extracellular enzymes (LIP, PLB, and SAP families) were also significantly upregulated in the cyclically strained biomaterial surfaces compared to static. For the first time, this study reveals a biomaterial surface factor triggering the pathogenesis of Candida albicans, which is essential for understanding, controlling, and preventing oral infections. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Fungal infections produced by Candida albicans are a significant contributor to various health conditions. Candida becomes pathogenic when certain environmental conditions change, including temperature, pH, nutrients, and CO2 levels. In addition, surface properties, including wettability, stiffness, and roughness, drive the interactions between Candida and biomaterials. Clinically, Candida adheres to biomaterials that are under repetitive deformation due to body movements. In this work, we revealed that when Candida adhered to biomaterial surfaces subjected to repetitive deformation, the microorganism becomes pathogenic by increasing the formation of biofilms and the expression of virulent factors related to hyphae formation and secretion of enzymes. Findings from this work could aid the development of new strategies for treating fungal infections in medical devices or implanted biomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Montoya
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, Kornberg School of Dentistry, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Julia Kurylec
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, Kornberg School of Dentistry, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Alex Ossa
- Production Engineering Department, School of Engineering, Universidad EAFIT, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Santiago Orrego
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, Kornberg School of Dentistry, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States; Bioengineering Department, College of Engineering, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States.
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Pornamazeh T, Geramy A, Heidari S, Rajabizadeh M, Kamali E, Ghadirian H. Comparison of the debonding force of metal, glass and polyethylene Fiber reinforced composite retainers: Mechanical and finite element analyses. Int Orthod 2022; 20:100685. [PMID: 36153239 DOI: 10.1016/j.ortho.2022.100685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2022] [Revised: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The studies evaluating the efficiency of fiber reinforce composite (FRC) retainers are few and contradictory. This study aimed to compare the debonding force of metal, glass FRC (GFRC) and polyethylene FRC (PFRC) retainers, assess the interactions between the materials and forces, and pattern of load distribution by finite element analysis (FEA). MATERIALS AND METHODS Forty-eight sound lower incisors were collected and randomly assigned to 3 groups (n=8; each sample included 2 teeth). Next, 15mm of the three retainers (multi-stranded metal wire, GFRC, and PFRC) were bonded to the lingual surface of the teeth and debonding force was measured by a universal testing machine. For FEA, 3D models were designed. The data related to geometrical models and material properties were transferred to ANSYS software. A 187-Newton load was applied to the incisal edge of the two centrals. Then different parameters were assessed. The three groups were compared by one-way Anova and Tukey's test. Type one error was considered to be 0.05. RESULTS The debonding force decreased in the order: Metal (143.71N)≥GFRC (108.29N)>PFRC (45.08N). The difference between metal retainer and GFRC was not significant. In contrast, PFRC group showed significantly lower debonding force compared to other groups (P<0.05). FEA showed stress peak value in metal-composite interface. Maximum total deformation was noted in central, followed by lateral and canine. CONCLUSIONS Glass-FRC can serve as an alternative to metal retainers as the difference in debonding force is not significant. However, the difficulty of repairing or replacing the Glass-FRC should be taken into account given the large number of failure in the interproximal dental area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tahereh Pornamazeh
- Department of Orthodontics, Shahed University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Allahyar Geramy
- Department of Orthodontics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Soolmaz Heidari
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Dental Caries Prevention Research Center, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
| | | | - Elaheh Kamali
- Department of Orthodontics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hannaneh Ghadirian
- Department of Orthodontics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Grachev DI, Ruzuddinov NS, Arutyunov AS, Akhmedov GD, Dubova LV, Kharakh YN, Panin SV, Arutyunov SD. Algorithm for Designing a Removable Complete Denture (RCD) Based on the FEM Analysis of Its Service Life. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:7246. [PMID: 36295314 PMCID: PMC9610509 DOI: 10.3390/ma15207246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
(1) Background: The paper addresses the computer simulation and prediction of the service life of the base of removable complete dentures (RCDs) under typical loads caused by biting and chewing food. For this purpose, the finite element method (FEM) was used. It is assumed that various blocks of teeth, such as incisors, canines, premolars and molars, are subjected to cyclic impacts during a human life. (2) Methods: Both symmetric and asymmetric mastication (two- and one-sided loads, respectively) cases were considered. The load level was assumed to be 100 N, which corresponds to the average muscular compression force of typical human jaws. (3) Results: The FEM analysis of the stress-strain state evolution for RCDs under cyclic loads was carried out. Maps of equivalent lines were drawn for the denture base in terms of its durability. A multi-axial criterion was implemented to determine the number of cycles prior to failure by the mechanism of a normal opening mode crack. The FEM-based assessment of the service life of RCDs enabled us to establish the critical stress concentration areas, thereby allowing for further planning for the correction of an occlusal scheme or teeth inclinations. As a result, the service life of RCDs under cyclic loading can be improved. (4) Conclusions: An algorithm for designing RCDs in the case of edentulism based on the FEM simulation using commercial software as part of the procedure is proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitry I. Grachev
- Digital Dentistry Department, A.I. Yevdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry, 127473 Moscow, Russia
| | | | - Anatoliy S. Arutyunov
- Propaedeutics of Prosthetics Technologies in Dentistry Department, A.I. Yevdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry, 127473 Moscow, Russia
| | - Gadzhi D. Akhmedov
- Propaedeutics in Surgical Dentistry, A.I. Yevdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry, 127473 Moscow, Russia
| | - Lubov V. Dubova
- Orthopedic Dentistry Department, A.I. Yevdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry, 127473 Moscow, Russia
| | - Yaser N. Kharakh
- Digital Dentistry Department, A.I. Yevdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry, 127473 Moscow, Russia
| | - Sergey V. Panin
- Laboratory of Mechanics of Polymer Composite Materials, Institute of Strength Physics and Materials Science of Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 634055 Tomsk, Russia
| | - Sergey D. Arutyunov
- Digital Dentistry Department, A.I. Yevdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry, 127473 Moscow, Russia
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Kabetani T, Ban S, Mine A, Ishihara T, Nakatani H, Yumitate M, Yamanaka A, Ishida M, Matsumoto M, Meerbeek BV, Shintani A, Yatani H. Four-year clinical evaluation of CAD/CAM indirect resin composite premolar crowns using 3D digital data: Discovering the causes of debonding. J Prosthodont Res 2021; 66:402-408. [PMID: 34565767 DOI: 10.2186/jpr.jpr_d_20_00287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To analyze the causes of debonding of computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) indirect resin composite premolar crowns with a focus on the morphological factors of the crown and abutment teeth. METHODS The clinical courses of 109 CAD/CAM indirect resin composite crowns were observed, and the patients' background characteristics, crown locations, luting methods, types of abutments, distal-most/non-distal-most molars, and types of resin blocks were confirmed. To investigate the influence of the morphology of the crown and abutment teeth, the 1) vertical dimension of the abutment teeth, 2) taper, and 3) thickness of the crown occlusal surface during events were measured from the three-dimensional digital data. The Kaplan-Meier method and multivariable Cox proportional hazard model were used for the statistical analyses. The nonlinearity of the effect of each comparison factor was included in the model. RESULTS Complications included 21 debonding cases, two crown fractures, five root fractures, and two core debondings. The cumulative no-debonding and no-crown-fracture rate over 1423 days (3 years and 11 months) was 77.4%. The multivariable Cox regression analysis revealed that the abutment teeth type of tooth (first or second premolar) (P = 0.02) and luting materials (P < 0.01) significantly influenced the debonding frequency. All morphological factors (1-3) significantly influenced the debonding. The hazard ratios and nonlinear graph indicated that the crown thickness was less effective than the vertical dimension and taper. CONCLUSIONS The combination analysis of clinical outcomes and 3D digital data revealed that preparation of the abutment is important for avoiding crown debonding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoshige Kabetani
- Department of Fixed Prosthodontics, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka
| | - Shintaro Ban
- Department of Fixed Prosthodontics, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka
| | - Atsushi Mine
- Department of Fixed Prosthodontics, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka
| | - Takuma Ishihara
- Department of Medical Statistics, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine and Faculty of Medicine, Osaka
| | - Hayaki Nakatani
- Department of Fixed Prosthodontics, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka
| | - Masahiro Yumitate
- Department of Fixed Prosthodontics, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka
| | - Azusa Yamanaka
- Department of Fixed Prosthodontics, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka
| | - Masaya Ishida
- Department of Fixed Prosthodontics, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka
| | - Mariko Matsumoto
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Dental Medicine.,BIOMAT & University Hospitals Leuven, Department of Oral Health Sciences, KU Leuven (University of Leuven)
| | - Bart Vam Meerbeek
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Dental Medicine.,BIOMAT & University Hospitals Leuven, Department of Oral Health Sciences, KU Leuven (University of Leuven)
| | - Ayumi Shintani
- Department of Medical Statistics, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine and Faculty of Medicine, Osaka
| | - Hirofumi Yatani
- Department of Fixed Prosthodontics, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka
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Calamote C, Coelho IC, Silva AS, Esteves JL, Moreira L, Pinto AC, Manzanares-Céspedes MC, Escuín T. Comparison of the Masticatory Force (with 3D Models) of Complete Denture Base Acrylic Resins with Reline and Reinforcing Materials. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14123308. [PMID: 34203948 PMCID: PMC8232668 DOI: 10.3390/ma14123308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2021] [Revised: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The reinforcement of acrylic denture base remains problematic. Acrylic prosthesis fractures are commonly observed in prosthodontic practice and have not been reliably resolved. This study compared the resistance to masticatory force of acrylic bases of removable complete conventional prosthesis in 3D upper models. Forty acrylic base test specimens containing two types of reinforcement meshes (20 with glass fiber meshes (FIBER-FORCE®- Synca, Bio Composants MédicauxTM, Tullins, France), 20 with metal meshes (DENTAURUM®-Ispringen, Germany)), 20 with a conventional PMMA acrylic base (LUCITONE 199®-Dentsply Sirona, York, PA, USA), and 20 using a permanent soft reline material (MOLLOPLAST-B®-DETAX GmbH & Co. KG, Ettlingen, Germany) were tested—a total of 80 specimens. Half of the specimens were made for a low alveolar ridge and half for a high alveolar ridge. The data were analysed using one-way analysis of variance and Student’s t-test for independent test specimens. In the high-alveolar-ridge group, the prosthesis reinforced with the glass fiber mesh was the most resistant to fracture, while in the low-alveolar-ridge group, the non-reinforced prosthesis showed the highest resistance masticatory force. Prostheses with the permanent soft reline material showed the lowest resistance to fracture in both high and low-alveolar-ridge groups. The results show that the selection of the right reinforcement material for each clinical case, based on the height of the alveolar ridge, may help to prevent prosthesis fractures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catarina Calamote
- Department of Oral Rehabilitation, Instituto Universitário de Ciências da Saúde, 4585-116 Gandra, Portugal; (C.C.); (I.C.C.); (A.C.P.)
| | - Isabel Carolina Coelho
- Department of Oral Rehabilitation, Instituto Universitário de Ciências da Saúde, 4585-116 Gandra, Portugal; (C.C.); (I.C.C.); (A.C.P.)
| | - António Sérgio Silva
- Dental Science Department, Instituto de Investigação e Formação Avançada em Ciências e Tecnologias da Saúde, Rua Central da Gandra 1317, 4585-116 Gandra, Portugal
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +351-918-725-156
| | - José Luís Esteves
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal;
| | - Luís Moreira
- RECI–Research in Education and Community Intervention, Escola Superior de Saúde Jean Piaget, 4405-678 Vila Nova de Gaia, Portugal;
| | - António Correia Pinto
- Department of Oral Rehabilitation, Instituto Universitário de Ciências da Saúde, 4585-116 Gandra, Portugal; (C.C.); (I.C.C.); (A.C.P.)
| | | | - Tomás Escuín
- Department of Rehabilitation and Maxillofacial Prostheses, Faculty of Odontology, University of Barcelona, 08007 Barcelona, Spain;
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Jamayet N, Mousa M, Lynch E, Husein A. Biomechanical stress in removable complete dental prostheses: a narrative review of finite element studies. J Int Oral Health 2020. [DOI: 10.4103/jioh.jioh_190_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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7
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Takahashi A, Zhu X, Aoyama Y, Umezu M, Iwasaki K. Three-Dimensional Strain Measurements of a Tubular Elastic Model Using Tomographic Particle Image Velocimetry. Cardiovasc Eng Technol 2018; 9:395-404. [PMID: 29560585 DOI: 10.1007/s13239-018-0350-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2017] [Accepted: 03/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The evaluation of strain induced in a blood vessel owing to contact with a medical device is of significance to examine the causes leading to vascular injury and rupture. The development of a method to assess strain in largely deformed elastic materials is expected. This study's scope was to measure strain in deformed tubular elastic mock vessels using tomographic particle image velocimetry (tomo-PIV), and to show the applicability of this measurement method by comparing the results with data derived from a finite element analysis (FEA). Strain distribution was calculated from the displacement distribution, which in turn was measured by tracking fluorescent 13 μm particles in a transparent tubular elastic model using tomo-PIV. The von Mises strain distribution was calculated for a model whose inner diameter was subjected to a pressure load, because of which it expanded from 25 to 27.5 mm, adjusting to the diameter change of a human aorta during heartbeat. An FEA simulating the experiment was also conducted. Three-dimensional strain was successfully measured by using the tomo-PIV method. The radial strain distribution in the model linearly decreased outward (from the its inner to its outer side), and the result was consistent with the data obtained from the FEA. The mean von Mises strain measured using tomo-PIV was comparable with that obtained from the FEA (tomo-PIV: 0.155, FEA: 0.156). This study demonstrates the feasibility of utilizing tomo-PIV to quantitatively assess the three-dimensional strain induced in largely deformed elastic models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azuma Takahashi
- Department of Integrative Bioscience and Biomedical Engineering, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Xiaodong Zhu
- Department of Modern Mechanical Engineering, Graduate School of Creative Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yusuke Aoyama
- Department of Integrative Bioscience and Biomedical Engineering, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mitsuo Umezu
- Department of Integrative Bioscience and Biomedical Engineering, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Modern Mechanical Engineering, Graduate School of Creative Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan.,Cooperative Major in Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kiyotaka Iwasaki
- Department of Integrative Bioscience and Biomedical Engineering, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan. .,Department of Modern Mechanical Engineering, Graduate School of Creative Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan. .,Cooperative Major in Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan. .,, 2-2 Wakamatsu-cho, Shinjuku, Tokyo, 162-8480, Japan.
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Takahashi T, Gonda T, Mizuno Y, Fujinami Y, Maeda Y. Reinforcement in removable prosthodontics: a literature review. J Oral Rehabil 2017; 44:133-143. [PMID: 27893169 DOI: 10.1111/joor.12464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Removable prosthodontics are often associated with mechanical troubles in daily use, such as fracture or deformation. These troubles render prostheses unusable and reduce wearers' QOL. Various reinforcements are used to prevent such problems, but consensus on reinforcement has not been reached. This review aimed to summarise the effects of reinforcement and to propose favourable reinforcement based on material, design and position in the prostheses. Initially, 139 articles were selected by electronic and manual searches. After exclusion of 99 articles based on the exclusion criteria, 40 articles were finally included in the review. Electronic searches were performed for articles published from 2005 to 2015 in PubMed, EMBASE, MEDLINE and Cochrane Library, and manual searches were performed in 10 journals relevant to the topic of removable prosthodontics. For in vitro studies, certain dental alloys and fibres were mainly used. Their forms were different, including complicated forms in dental alloys and various forms in fibres. The materials were examined for mechanical properties like fracture strength, flexural strength and elastic modulus and compared with one another or without reinforcement. There were a few clinical studies and one longitudinal study. Cast metal reinforcement seemed to be most favourable in terms of fracture toughness and stiffness. The most favourable forms differed depending on the prostheses, but placement around thin and deformable areas was effective. However, randomised or longitudinal clinical reports and comparative clinical studies on the use of reinforcement were still lacking and such studies are necessary in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Takahashi
- Department of Prosthodontics, Gerodontology and Oral Rehabilitation, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Suita, Japan
| | - T Gonda
- Department of Prosthodontics, Gerodontology and Oral Rehabilitation, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Suita, Japan
| | - Y Mizuno
- Department of Prosthodontics, Gerodontology and Oral Rehabilitation, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Suita, Japan
| | - Y Fujinami
- Department of Prosthodontics, Gerodontology and Oral Rehabilitation, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Suita, Japan
| | - Y Maeda
- Department of Prosthodontics, Gerodontology and Oral Rehabilitation, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Suita, Japan
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Sharafeddin F, Ghaboos SA, Jowkar Z. The effect of short polyethylene fiber with different weight percentages on diametral tensile strength of conventional and resin modified glass ionomer cements. J Clin Exp Dent 2017; 9:e466-e470. [PMID: 28298993 PMCID: PMC5347300 DOI: 10.4317/jced.53550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2016] [Accepted: 11/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of polyethylene fiber on diametral tensile strength of conventional and resin modified glass ionomer cements. Material and Methods 60 specimens in 6 groups (n=10) were prepared. In group 1 conventional glass ionomer (Fuji GC) and in group 2 resin modified glass ionomer (Fuji LC) were as control groups. In group 3 and 4 conventional glass ionomers mixed with short polyethylene fibers in proportion of 1 wt% and 3 wt%, respectively. In fifth and sixth groups, resin modified glass ionomer and short polyethylene fibers were mixed in 1 and 3% wt, respectively. Samples were prepared in a round brass mold (6.5×2.5 mm). After thermo-cycling, the diametral tensile strength of the specimens were tested and data were analyzed with ANOVA and post-hoc tests (p<0.05). Results Diametral tensile strength of both conventional and resin modified glass ionomer cements increased after mixing with polyethylene fiber (p<0.001). Also, reinforcement occurred as the mixing percentage increased from 1% wt to 3% wt in either conventional and resin modified glass ionomer (p<0.001). Conclusions The polyethylene fiber was shown to have a significant positive influence on diametral tensile strength of two types of glass ionomers. Key words:Conventional glass ionomer, diametral tensile strength, polyethylene fiber, resin modified glass ionomer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farahnaz Sharafeddin
- Professor, Department of Operative Dentistry, Biomaterial Research Center, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Seyed-Ali Ghaboos
- Dentist, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Zahra Jowkar
- Assistant professor, Department of Operative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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Abstract
The prevalence of prosthodontic treatment has been well recognized, and the need is continuously increasing with the ageing population. While the oral mucosa plays a critical role in the treatment outcome, the associated biomechanics is not yet fully understood. Using the literature available, this paper provides a critical review on four aspects of mucosal biomechanics, including static, dynamic, volumetric and interactive responses, which are interpreted by its elasticity, viscosity/permeability, apparent Poisson's ratio and friction coefficient, respectively. Both empirical studies and numerical models are analysed and compared to gain anatomical and physiological insights. Furthermore, the clinical applications of such biomechanical knowledge on the mucosa are explored to address some critical concerns, including stimuli for tissue remodelling (interstitial hydrostatic pressure), pressure–pain thresholds, tissue displaceability and residual bone resorption. Through this review, the state of the art in mucosal biomechanics and their clinical implications are discussed for future research interests, including clinical applications, computational modelling, design optimization and prosthetic fabrication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junning Chen
- School of Aerospace, Mechanical and Mechatronic Engineering, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Rohana Ahmad
- Unit of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam 40450, Malaysia
| | - Wei Li
- School of Aerospace, Mechanical and Mechatronic Engineering, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Michael Swain
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Qing Li
- School of Aerospace, Mechanical and Mechatronic Engineering, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
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11
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Benazzi S, Nguyen HN, Kullmer O, Kupczik K. Dynamic Modelling of Tooth Deformation Using Occlusal Kinematics and Finite Element Analysis. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0152663. [PMID: 27031836 PMCID: PMC4816422 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0152663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2015] [Accepted: 03/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Dental biomechanics based on finite element (FE) analysis is attracting enormous interest in dentistry, biology, anthropology and palaeontology. Nonetheless, several shortcomings in FE modeling exist, mainly due to unrealistic loading conditions. In this contribution we used kinematics information recorded in a virtual environment derived from occlusal contact detection between high resolution models of an upper and lower human first molar pair (M1 and M1, respectively) to run a non-linear dynamic FE crash colliding test. Methodology MicroCT image data of a modern human skull were segmented to reconstruct digital models of the antagonistic right M1 and M1 and the dental supporting structures. We used the Occlusal Fingerprint Analyser software to reconstruct the individual occlusal pathway trajectory during the power stroke of the chewing cycle, which was applied in a FE simulation to guide the M1 3D-path for the crash colliding test. Results FE analysis results showed that the stress pattern changes considerably during the power stroke, demonstrating that knowledge about chewing kinematics in conjunction with a morphologically detailed FE model is crucial for understanding tooth form and function under physiological conditions. Conclusions/Significance Results from such advanced dynamic approaches will be applicable to evaluate and avoid mechanical failure in prosthodontics/endodontic treatments, and to test material behavior for modern tooth restoration in dentistry. This approach will also allow us to improve our knowledge in chewing-related biomechanics for functional diagnosis and therapy, and it will help paleoanthropologists to illuminate dental adaptive processes and morphological modifications in human evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Benazzi
- Department of Cultural Heritage, University of Bologna, Ravenna, Italy.,Department of Human Evolution, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Huynh Nhu Nguyen
- Department of Biomaterials, Max-Planck-Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Ottmar Kullmer
- Department of Palaeoanthropology and Messel Research, Senckenberg Research Institute, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Kornelius Kupczik
- Max Planck Weizmann Center for Integrative Archaeology and Anthropology, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany
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Żmudzki J, Chladek G, Kasperski J, Dobrzański LA. One versus two implant-retained dentures: comparing biomechanics under oblique mastication forces. J Biomech Eng 2014; 135:54503. [PMID: 24231964 DOI: 10.1115/1.4023985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2012] [Accepted: 03/08/2013] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The results from clinical tests of single implant-retained dentures (SIDs) are quite promising. However, the biomechanics of SIDs are still insufficiently determined. The aim of the study was to compare the implant loads and pressures beneath one and two implant-retained dentures (TIDs) under oblique mastication forces. The finite element method was used to conduct a model analysis in order to compare loading of the denture attachment onto the implant that accompanies oblique mastication forces in the cases of SIDs and TIDs. The possibility of a denture detaching and sliding on the mucous membrane surface was simulated. The SID solution faced a more remarkable tilt in the direction of the mastication forces, a higher pressures on the mucous membrane surface, and higher implant loadings. The hingelike restraints in the TID favored utilization of the support in the posterior area. The higher pressure values for the SID can be confusing and could lead to inaccurate conclusions about the acceptability of the SID. In the TID, the same areas of the mucous membrane were persistently loaded, independent of the occlusal force direction. In contrast, in the SID the full freedom of rotational movement enhances alternating use of the mucous membrane. This finding explains the more frequent sores in the mucous membrane beneath the TID than beneath the SID.
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John J, Ann Mani S, Palaniswamy K, Ramanathan A, Razak AAA. Flexural Properties of Poly(Methyl Methacrylate) Resin Reinforced with Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch Fibers: A Preliminary Finding. J Prosthodont 2014; 24:233-8. [DOI: 10.1111/jopr.12191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/28/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jacob John
- Department of Diagnostic and Integrated Dental Practice; Faculty of Dentistry; University of Malaya; Malaysia
| | - Shani Ann Mani
- Department of Children's Dentistry and Orthodontics; Faculty of Dentistry; University of Malaya; Malaysia
| | | | - Anand Ramanathan
- Department of Oral Pathology; Oral Medicine and Periodontology; Faculty of Dentistry; University of Malaya; Malaysia
| | - Abdul Aziz Abdul Razak
- Department of Conservative Dentistry; Faculty of Dentistry; University of Malaya; Malaysia
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Sunbuloglu E. Stress analysis of a complete maxillary denture under various drop impact conditions: a 3D finite element study. Comput Methods Biomech Biomed Engin 2014; 18:1543-54. [PMID: 24945936 DOI: 10.1080/10255842.2014.927446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Complete maxillary dentures are one of the most economic and easy ways of treatment for edentulous patients and are still widely used. However, their survival rate is slightly above three years. It is presumed that the failure reasons are not only due to normal fatigue but also emerge from damage based on unavoidable improper usage. Failure types other than long-term fatigue, such as over-deforming, also influence the effective life span of dentures. A hypothesis is presumed, stating that the premature/unexpected failures may be initiated by impact on dentures, which can be related to dropping them on the ground or other effects such as biting crispy food. Thus, the behavior of a complete maxillary denture under impact loading due to drop on a rigid surface was investigated using the finite element method utilizing explicit time integration and a rate-sensitive elastoplastic material model of polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA). Local permanent deformations have been observed along with an emphasis on frenulum region of the denture, regardless of the point of impact. Contact stresses at the tooth-denture base were also investigated. The spread of energy within the structure via wave propagation is seen to play a critical role in this fact. Stress-wave propagation is also seen to be an important factor that decreases the denture's fatigue life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emin Sunbuloglu
- a Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Istanbul Technical University , Inonu Cad. No: 65, Gumussuyu, Beyoglu, Istanbul 34437 , Turkey
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15
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Benazzi S, Nguyen HN, Kullmer O, Hublin JJ. Unravelling the functional biomechanics of dental features and tooth wear. PLoS One 2013; 8:e69990. [PMID: 23894570 PMCID: PMC3720920 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0069990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2013] [Accepted: 06/13/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Most of the morphological features recognized in hominin teeth, particularly the topography of the occlusal surface, are generally interpreted as an evolutionary functional adaptation for mechanical food processing. In this respect, we can also expect that the general architecture of a tooth reflects a response to withstand the high stresses produced during masticatory loadings. Here we use an engineering approach, finite element analysis (FEA), with an advanced loading concept derived from individual occlusal wear information to evaluate whether some dental traits usually found in hominin and extant great ape molars, such as the trigonid crest, the entoconid-hypoconulid crest and the protostylid have important biomechanical implications. For this purpose, FEA was applied to 3D digital models of three Gorillagorilla lower second molars (M2) differing in wear stages. Our results show that in unworn and slightly worn M2s tensile stresses concentrate in the grooves of the occlusal surface. In such condition, the trigonid and the entoconid-hypoconulid crests act to reinforce the crown locally against stresses produced along the mesiodistal groove. Similarly, the protostylid is shaped like a buttress to suffer the high tensile stresses concentrated in the deep buccal groove. These dental traits are less functional in the worn M2, because tensile stresses decrease physiologically in the crown with progressing wear due to the enlargement of antagonistic contact areas and changes in loading direction from oblique to nearly parallel direction to the dental axis. This suggests that the wear process might have a crucial influence in the evolution and structural adaptation of molars enabling to endure bite stresses and reduce tooth failure throughout the lifetime of an individual.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Benazzi
- Department of Human Evolution, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany.
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Benazzi S, Nguyen HN, Schulz D, Grosse IR, Gruppioni G, Hublin JJ, Kullmer O. The evolutionary paradox of tooth wear: simply destruction or inevitable adaptation? PLoS One 2013; 8:e62263. [PMID: 23638020 PMCID: PMC3634733 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0062263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2013] [Accepted: 03/18/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the last century, humans from industrialized societies have witnessed a radical increase in some dental diseases. A severe problem concerns the loss of dental materials (enamel and dentine) at the buccal cervical region of the tooth. This “modern-day” pathology, called non-carious cervical lesions (NCCLs), is ubiquitous and worldwide spread, but is very sporadic in modern humans from pre-industrialized societies. Scholars believe that several factors are involved, but the real dynamics behind this pathology are far from being understood. Here we use an engineering approach, finite element analysis (FEA), to suggest that the lack of dental wear, characteristic of industrialized societies, might be a major factor leading to NCCLs. Occlusal loads were applied to high resolution finite element models of lower second premolars (P2) to demonstrate that slightly worn P2s envisage high tensile stresses in the buccal cervical region, but when worn down artificially in the laboratory the pattern of stress distribution changes and the tensile stresses decrease, matching the results obtained in naturally worn P2s. In the modern industrialized world, individuals at advanced ages show very moderate dental wear when compared to past societies, and teeth are exposed to high tensile stresses at the buccal cervical region for decades longer. This is the most likely mechanism explaining enamel loss in the cervical region, and may favor the activity of other disruptive processes such as biocorrosion. Because of the lack of dental abrasion, our masticatory apparatus faces new challenges that can only be understood in an evolutionary perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Benazzi
- Department of Human Evolution, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany.
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17
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Comparison of occlusal loading conditions in a lower second premolar using three-dimensional finite element analysis. Clin Oral Investig 2013; 18:369-75. [DOI: 10.1007/s00784-013-0973-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2012] [Accepted: 03/05/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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ZMUDZKI J, CHLADEK G, KASPERSKI J. SINGLE IMPLANT–RETAINED DENTURES: LOADING OF VARIOUS ATTACHMENT TYPES UNDER OBLIQUE OCCLUSAL FORCES. J MECH MED BIOL 2012. [DOI: 10.1142/s021951941250087x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The primary clinical assessments show that single implant–retained dentures (SIDs) are not worse than two implant–retained dentures (TIDs), although the determination of SID biomechanics is still insufficient. The aim of this work was to determine the loading of commonly used denture attachments that occurs while bearing occlusal forces on SIDs. Finite element method analyses, which took into account the possibility of dentures detaching and sliding on the mucous membrane surface, were used. In the contact calculations conducted, an augmented multiplier Lagrangian method with a classical linear friction model was used. We assumed denture-loading conditions that included oblique mastication forces. The distribution of the occlusal loads between the mucous membrane–bearing area and a denture attachment was examined for economical denture solutions with solitary attachments. Variations in denture movement restrictions among the most typical ball, stud, and axially resilient attachments only insignificantly influenced lateral loads borne by single implantological supports. Axial mobility does not reduce the load on the attachments because mastication loads induce denture settlement that is oblique to the implant axis. The assumption of denture loading with vertical forces leads to a serious underestimation of the loads on implantological supports.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. ZMUDZKI
- Department of Materials Technology, Silesian University of Technology, ul. Krasińskiego 8, 40-019 Katowice, Poland
| | - G. CHLADEK
- Department of Materials Technology, Silesian University of Technology, ul. Krasińskiego 8, 40-019 Katowice, Poland
| | - J. KASPERSKI
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Medical University of Silesia, Plac Akademicki 17, 41-902 Bytom, Poland
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Benazzi S, Kullmer O, Grosse IR, Weber GW. Brief communication: Comparing loading scenarios in lower first molar supporting bone structure using 3D finite element analysis. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL ANTHROPOLOGY 2011; 147:128-34. [DOI: 10.1002/ajpa.21607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2011] [Accepted: 07/31/2011] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Benazzi S, Kullmer O, Grosse IR, Weber GW. Using occlusal wear information and finite element analysis to investigate stress distributions in human molars. J Anat 2011; 219:259-72. [PMID: 21615398 DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-7580.2011.01396.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Simulations based on finite element analysis (FEA) have attracted increasing interest in dentistry and dental anthropology for evaluating the stress and strain distribution in teeth under occlusal loading conditions. Nonetheless, FEA is usually applied without considering changes in contacts between antagonistic teeth during the occlusal power stroke. In this contribution we show how occlusal information can be used to investigate the stress distribution with 3D FEA in lower first molars (M(1)). The antagonistic crowns M(1) and P(2)-M(1) of two dried modern human skulls were scanned by μCT in maximum intercuspation (centric occlusion) contact. A virtual analysis of the occlusal power stroke between M(1) and P(2)-M(1) was carried out in the Occlusal Fingerprint Analyser (OFA) software, and the occlusal trajectory path was recorded, while contact areas per time-step were visualized and quantified. Stress distribution of the M(1) in selected occlusal stages were analyzed in strand7, considering occlusal information taken from OFA results for individual loading direction and loading area. Our FEA results show that the stress pattern changes considerably during the power stroke, suggesting that wear facets have a crucial influence on the distribution of stress on the whole tooth. Grooves and fissures on the occlusal surface are seen as critical locations, as tensile stresses are concentrated at these features. Properly accounting for the power stroke kinematics of occluding teeth results in quite different results (less tensile stresses in the crown) than usual loading scenarios based on parallel forces to the long axis of the tooth. This leads to the conclusion that functional studies considering kinematics of teeth are important to understand biomechanics and interpret morphological adaptation of teeth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Benazzi
- Department of Anthropology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
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