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Yuan T, Qazi IH, Li J, Yang P, Yang H, Zhang X, Liu W, Liu J. Analysis of changes in bacterial diversity in healthy and bacterial wilt mulberry samples using metagenomic sequencing and culture-dependent approaches. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1206691. [PMID: 37680359 PMCID: PMC10481342 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1206691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Mulberry bacterial wilt is a serious destructive soil-borne disease caused by a complex and diverse group of pathogenic bacteria. Given that the bacterial wilt has been reported to cause a serious damage to the yield and quality of mulberry, therefore, elucidation of its main pathogenic groups is essential in improving our understanding of this disease and for the development of its potential control measures. Methods In this study, combined metagenomic sequencing and culture-dependent approaches were used to investigate the microbiome of healthy and bacterial wilt mulberry samples. Results The results showed that the healthy samples had higher bacterial diversity compared to the diseased samples. Meanwhile, the proportion of opportunistic pathogenic and drug-resistant bacterial flora represented by Acinetobacter in the diseased samples was increased, while the proportion of beneficial bacterial flora represented by Proteobacteria was decreased. Ralstonia solanacearum species complex (RSSC), Enterobacter cloacae complex (ECC), Klebsiella pneumoniae, K. quasipneumoniae, K. michiganensis, K. oxytoca, and P. ananatis emerged as the main pathogens of the mulberry bacterial wilt. Discussion In conclusion, this study provides a valuable reference for further focused research on the bacterial wilt of mulberry and other plants.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Jiping Liu
- South China Agriculture University, College of Animal Science, Regional Sericulture Training Center for Asia-Pacific, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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Yan K, Wei M, Li F, Wu C, Yi S, Tian J, Liu Y, Lu H. Diffusion and enrichment of high-risk antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) via the transmission chain (mulberry leave, guts and feces of silkworm, and soil) in an ecological restoration area of manganese mining, China: Role of heavy metals. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 225:115616. [PMID: 36871940 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.115616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the diffusion and enrichment of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) and pathogens via the transmission chain (mulberry leaves - silkworm guts - silkworm feces - soil) near a manganese mine restoration area (RA) and control area (CA, away from RA). Horizontal gene transfer (HGT) of ARGs was testified by an IncP a-type broad host range plasmid RP4 harboring ARGs (tetA) and conjugative genes (e.g., korB, trbA, and trbB) as an indicator. Compared to leaves, the abundances of ARGs and pathogens in feces after silkworms ingested leaves from RA increased by 10.8% and 52.3%, respectively, whereas their abundance in feces from CA dropped by 17.1% and 97.7%, respectively. The predominant ARG types in feces involved the resistances to β-lactam, quinolone, multidrug, peptide, and rifamycin. Therein, several high-risk ARGs (e.g., qnrB, oqxA, and rpoB) carried by pathogens were more enriched in feces. However, HGT mediated by plasmid RP4 in this transmission chain was not a main factor to promote the enrichment of ARGs due to the harsh survival environment of silkworm guts for the plasmid RP4 host E. coli. Notably, Zn, Mn, and As in feces and guts promoted the enrichment of qnrB and oqxA. Worriedly, the abundance of qnrB and oqxA in soil increased by over 4-fold after feces from RA were added into soil for 30 days regardless of feces with or without E. coli RP4. Overall, ARGs and pathogens could diffuse and enrich in environment via the sericulture transmission chain developed at RA, especially some high-risk ARGs carried by pathogens. Thus, greater attentions should be paid to dispel such high-risk ARGs to support benign development of sericulture industry in the safe utilization of some RAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanxuan Yan
- College of Environment Science and Resources, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, 411105, China; Hunan Engineering Laboratory for High-efficiency Purification Technology and Its Application in Complex Heavy Metal Wastewater Treatment, Xiangtan, 411105, China; Scientific Research Innovation Platform of Environmental Behavior and Control Principle About Novel Pollutants in Hunan Provincial Universities, Xiangtan, 411105, China
| | - Ming Wei
- College of Environment Science and Resources, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, 411105, China; Hunan Engineering Laboratory for High-efficiency Purification Technology and Its Application in Complex Heavy Metal Wastewater Treatment, Xiangtan, 411105, China; Scientific Research Innovation Platform of Environmental Behavior and Control Principle About Novel Pollutants in Hunan Provincial Universities, Xiangtan, 411105, China
| | - Feng Li
- College of Environment Science and Resources, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, 411105, China; Hunan Engineering Laboratory for High-efficiency Purification Technology and Its Application in Complex Heavy Metal Wastewater Treatment, Xiangtan, 411105, China; Scientific Research Innovation Platform of Environmental Behavior and Control Principle About Novel Pollutants in Hunan Provincial Universities, Xiangtan, 411105, China.
| | - Chen Wu
- College of Environment Science and Resources, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, 411105, China; Hunan Engineering Laboratory for High-efficiency Purification Technology and Its Application in Complex Heavy Metal Wastewater Treatment, Xiangtan, 411105, China; Scientific Research Innovation Platform of Environmental Behavior and Control Principle About Novel Pollutants in Hunan Provincial Universities, Xiangtan, 411105, China
| | - Shengwei Yi
- College of Environment Science and Resources, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, 411105, China; Hunan Engineering Laboratory for High-efficiency Purification Technology and Its Application in Complex Heavy Metal Wastewater Treatment, Xiangtan, 411105, China; Scientific Research Innovation Platform of Environmental Behavior and Control Principle About Novel Pollutants in Hunan Provincial Universities, Xiangtan, 411105, China
| | - Jiang Tian
- College of Environment Science and Resources, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, 411105, China; Hunan Engineering Laboratory for High-efficiency Purification Technology and Its Application in Complex Heavy Metal Wastewater Treatment, Xiangtan, 411105, China; Scientific Research Innovation Platform of Environmental Behavior and Control Principle About Novel Pollutants in Hunan Provincial Universities, Xiangtan, 411105, China
| | - Yun Liu
- College of Environment Science and Resources, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, 411105, China; Hunan Engineering Laboratory for High-efficiency Purification Technology and Its Application in Complex Heavy Metal Wastewater Treatment, Xiangtan, 411105, China; Scientific Research Innovation Platform of Environmental Behavior and Control Principle About Novel Pollutants in Hunan Provincial Universities, Xiangtan, 411105, China
| | - Hainan Lu
- State Environmental Protection Engineering Center for Urban Soil Contamination Control and Remediation, Shanghai Academy of Environment Sciences, Shanghai, 200233, China
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