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Matheson GJ, Zanderigo F, Miller JM, Bartlett EA, Mann JJ, Ogden RT. PET Imaging of the Serotonin 1A Receptor in Major Depressive Disorder: Hierarchical Multivariate Analysis of [ 11C]WAY100635 Overcomes Outcome Measure Discrepancies. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.03.12.584569. [PMID: 38559101 PMCID: PMC10980040 DOI: 10.1101/2024.03.12.584569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
The serotonin 1A receptor has been linked to both the pathophysiology of major depressive disorder (MDD) and the antidepressant action of serotonin reuptake inhibitors. Most PET studies of the serotonin 1A receptor in MDD used the receptor antagonist radioligand, [carbonyl-11C]WAY100635; however the interpretation of the combined results has been contentious owing to reports of higher or lower binding in MDD with different outcome measures. The reasons for these divergent results originate from several sources, including properties of the radiotracer itself, which complicate its quantification and interpretation; as well as from previously reported differences between MDD and healthy volunteers in both reference tissue binding and plasma free fraction, which are typically assumed not to differ. Recently, we have developed two novel hierarchical multivariate methods which we validated for the quantification and analysis of [11C]WAY100635, which show better accuracy and inferential efficiency compared to standard analysis approaches. Importantly, these new methods should theoretically be more resilient to many of the factors thought to have caused the discrepancies observed in previous studies. We sought to apply these methods in the largest [11C]WAY100635 sample to date, consisting of 160 individuals, including 103 MDD patients, of whom 50 were not-recently-medicated and 53 were antidepressant-exposed, as well as 57 healthy volunteers. While the outcome measure discrepancies were substantial using conventional univariate analysis, our multivariate analysis techniques instead yielded highly consistent results across PET outcome measures and across pharmacokinetic models, with all approaches showing higher serotonin 1A autoreceptor binding potential in the raphe nuclei of not-recently-medicated MDD patients relative to both healthy volunteers and antidepressant-exposed MDD patients. Moreover, with the additional precision of estimates afforded by this approach, we can show that while binding is also higher in projection areas in this group, these group differences are approximately half of those in the raphe nuclei, which are statistically distinguishable from one another. These results are consistent with the biological role of the serotonin 1A autoreceptor in the raphe nuclei in regulating serotonin neuron firing and release, and with preclinical and clinical evidence of deficient serotonin activity in MDD due to over expression of autoreceptors resulting from genetic and/or epigenetic effects. These results are also consistent with downregulation of autoreceptors as a mechanism of action of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors. In summary, the results using multivariate analysis approaches therefore demonstrate both face and convergent validity, and may serve to provide a resolution and consensus interpretation for the disparate results of previous studies examining the serotonin 1A receptor in MDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Granville J. Matheson
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, 10032 NY, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, 10032 NY, USA
- Molecular Imaging and Neuropathology Area, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, 10032 NY, USA
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Center for Psychiatry Research, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm County Council, Stockholm, SE-171 76, Sweden
| | - Francesca Zanderigo
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, 10032 NY, USA
- Molecular Imaging and Neuropathology Area, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, 10032 NY, USA
| | - Jeffrey M. Miller
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, 10032 NY, USA
- Molecular Imaging and Neuropathology Area, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, 10032 NY, USA
| | - Elizabeth A. Bartlett
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, 10032 NY, USA
- Molecular Imaging and Neuropathology Area, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, 10032 NY, USA
| | - J. John Mann
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, 10032 NY, USA
- Molecular Imaging and Neuropathology Area, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, 10032 NY, USA
| | - R. Todd Ogden
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, 10032 NY, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, 10032 NY, USA
- Molecular Imaging and Neuropathology Area, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, 10032 NY, USA
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2
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Zachlod D, Palomero-Gallagher N, Dickscheid T, Amunts K. Mapping Cytoarchitectonics and Receptor Architectonics to Understand Brain Function and Connectivity. Biol Psychiatry 2023; 93:471-479. [PMID: 36567226 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2022.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
This review focuses on cytoarchitectonics and receptor architectonics as biological correlates of function and connectivity. It introduces the 3-dimensional cytoarchitectonic probabilistic maps of cortical areas and nuclei of the Julich-Brain Atlas, available at EBRAINS, to study structure-function relationships. The maps are linked to the BigBrain as microanatomical reference model and template space. The siibra software tool suite enables programmatic access to the maps and to receptor architectonic data that are anchored to brain areas. Such cellular and molecular data are tools for studying magnetic resonance connectivity including modeling and simulation. At the end, we highlight perspectives of the Julich-Brain as well as methodological considerations. Thus, microstructural maps as part of a multimodal atlas help elucidate the biological correlates of large-scale networks and brain function with a high level of anatomical detail, which provides a basis to study brains of patients with psychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Zachlod
- Institute of Neurosciences and Medicine, Research Centre Jülich, Jülich, Germany.
| | - Nicola Palomero-Gallagher
- Institute of Neurosciences and Medicine, Research Centre Jülich, Jülich, Germany; C. & O. Vogt Institute for Brain Research, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy, Psychosomatics, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen, Jülich Aachen Research Alliance-Translational Brain Medicine, Aachen, Germany
| | - Timo Dickscheid
- Institute of Neurosciences and Medicine, Research Centre Jülich, Jülich, Germany; Helmholtz AI, Research Centre Jülich, Jülich, Germany; Department of Computer Science, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Katrin Amunts
- Institute of Neurosciences and Medicine, Research Centre Jülich, Jülich, Germany; C. & O. Vogt Institute for Brain Research, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
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3
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Lopresti BJ, Royse SK, Mathis CA, Tollefson SA, Narendran R. Beyond monoamines: I. Novel targets and radiotracers for Positron emission tomography imaging in psychiatric disorders. J Neurochem 2023; 164:364-400. [PMID: 35536762 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.15615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Revised: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
With the emergence of positron emission tomography (PET) in the late 1970s, psychiatry had access to a tool capable of non-invasive assessment of human brain function. Early applications in psychiatry focused on identifying characteristic brain blood flow and metabolic derangements using radiotracers such as [15 O]H2 O and [18 F]FDG. Despite the success of these techniques, it became apparent that more specific probes were needed to understand the neurochemical bases of psychiatric disorders. The first neurochemical PET imaging probes targeted sites of action of neuroleptic (dopamine D2 receptors) and psychoactive (serotonin receptors) drugs. Based on the centrality of monoamine dysfunction in psychiatric disorders and the measured success of monoamine-enhancing drugs in treating them, the next 30 years witnessed the development of an armamentarium of PET radiopharmaceuticals and imaging methodologies for studying monoamines. Continued development of monoamine-enhancing drugs over this time however was less successful, realizing only modest gains in efficacy and tolerability. As patent protection for many widely prescribed and profitable psychiatric drugs lapsed, drug development pipelines shifted away from monoamines in search of novel targets with the promises of improved efficacy, or abandoned altogether. Over this period, PET radiopharmaceutical development activities closely paralleled drug development priorities resulting in the development of new PET imaging agents for non-monoamine targets. Part one of this review will briefly survey novel PET imaging targets with relevance to the field of psychiatry, which include the metabotropic glutamate receptor type 5 (mGluR5), purinergic P2 X7 receptor, type 1 cannabinoid receptor (CB1 ), phosphodiesterase 10A (PDE10A), and describe radiotracers developed for these and other targets that have matured to human subject investigations. Current limitations of the targets and techniques will also be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian J Lopresti
- Departments of Radiology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Sarah K Royse
- Departments of Radiology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Chester A Mathis
- Departments of Radiology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Savannah A Tollefson
- Departments of Radiology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Rajesh Narendran
- Departments of Radiology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.,Departments of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
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4
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Fu H, Rong J, Chen Z, Zhou J, Collier T, Liang SH. Positron Emission Tomography (PET) Imaging Tracers for Serotonin Receptors. J Med Chem 2022; 65:10755-10808. [PMID: 35939391 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.2c00633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) and 5-HT receptors (5-HTRs) have crucial roles in various neuropsychiatric disorders and neurodegenerative diseases, making them attractive diagnostic and therapeutic targets. Positron emission tomography (PET) is a noninvasive nuclear molecular imaging technique and is an essential tool in clinical diagnosis and drug discovery. In this context, numerous PET ligands have been developed for "visualizing" 5-HTRs in the brain and translated into human use to study disease mechanisms and/or support drug development. Herein, we present a comprehensive repertoire of 5-HTR PET ligands by focusing on their chemotypes and performance in PET imaging studies. Furthermore, this Perspective summarizes recent 5-HTR-focused drug discovery, including biased agonists and allosteric modulators, which would stimulate the development of more potent and subtype-selective 5-HTR PET ligands and thus further our understanding of 5-HTR biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hualong Fu
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Jian Rong
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, United States.,Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Zhen Chen
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210037, China
| | - Jingyin Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Thomas Collier
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, United States.,Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Steven H Liang
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, United States.,Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
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5
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Dahl K, Johnström P, Forsberg-Morén A, Gustafsson B, Miranda-Azpiazu P, Khani Y, Halldin C, Farde L, Elmore CS, Schou M. Synthesis and Preclinical Evaluation of [ 11C]AZ11895530 for PET Imaging of the Serotonin 1A Receptor. ACS Chem Neurosci 2022; 13:2078-2083. [PMID: 35802379 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.2c00205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The serotonin 1A (5-HT1A) receptor is a G-protein-coupled receptor implicated in the pathophysiology of several neuropsychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders. We here report the preparation of two candidate 5-HT1A radioligands, [11C]AZ11132132 ([11C]3) and [11C]AZ11895530 ([11C]4), and their subsequent evaluation in vitro using autoradiography and in vivo using positron emission tomography (PET). Compounds 3 and 4 were radiolabeled at high radiochemical purity (>99%) and high molar activity (>38 GBq/μmol) by heteroatom methylation with [11C]methyl iodide. Autoradiography on whole hemispheres from post-mortem human brain revealed substantial nonspecific binding of [11C]3, while the binding of [11C]4 to brain tissue was consistent with the distribution of 5-HT1A receptors and sensitive to co-incubation with the reference 5-HT1A antagonist WAY-100635 (10 μM). Following intravenous injection of [11C]4 into a cynomolgus monkey, brain radioactivity concentration (Cmax ∼ 2.2 SUV) was high whereafter it decreased rapidly. The regional binding potential (BPND) values were calculated using the simplified reference tissue model with cerebellum as reference region. The values varied between 0.2 and 1.0 for temporal cortex, raphe nuclei, frontal cortex, and hippocampus which is consistent with the known 5-HT1A expression pattern. After pretreatment with WAY100635 (0.5 mg/kg), a homogeneous distribution of radioactivity was observed in non-human primate (NHP) brain. Although [11C]4 fulfilled important criteria for successful in vivo neuroimaging, including good blood-brain-barrier permeability and high specific binding in vitro to human brain tissue, the regional BPND values for [11C]4 in NHP brain were low when compared to those obtained with existing radioligands and thus do not merit further investigation of [11C]4. Evaluation of structurally related analogues is underway in our laboratory to identify improved candidates for clinical imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth Dahl
- Department of Radiopharmacy, Karolinska University Hospital, SE-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Oncology and Pathology, Kaolinska Institutet, SE-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Peter Johnström
- Karolinska Institutet, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Centre for Psychiatric Research, Karolinska Hospital, S-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden.,PET Science Centre at Karolinska Institutet, Precision Medicine and Biosamples, AstraZeneca, S-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anton Forsberg-Morén
- Karolinska Institutet, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Centre for Psychiatric Research, Karolinska Hospital, S-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Björn Gustafsson
- Karolinska Institutet, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Centre for Psychiatric Research, Karolinska Hospital, S-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Patricia Miranda-Azpiazu
- Karolinska Institutet, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Centre for Psychiatric Research, Karolinska Hospital, S-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Yaser Khani
- Karolinska Institutet, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Centre for Psychiatric Research, Karolinska Hospital, S-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Christer Halldin
- Karolinska Institutet, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Centre for Psychiatric Research, Karolinska Hospital, S-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lars Farde
- Karolinska Institutet, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Centre for Psychiatric Research, Karolinska Hospital, S-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Charles S Elmore
- Isotope Chemistry, Early Chemical Development, Pharmaceutical Science, R&D, AstraZeneca, 431 50 Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Magnus Schou
- Karolinska Institutet, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Centre for Psychiatric Research, Karolinska Hospital, S-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden.,PET Science Centre at Karolinska Institutet, Precision Medicine and Biosamples, AstraZeneca, S-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
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6
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Beaurain M, Salabert AS, Ribeiro MJ, Arlicot N, Damier P, Le Jeune F, Demonet JF, Payoux P. Innovative Molecular Imaging for Clinical Research, Therapeutic Stratification, and Nosography in Neuroscience. Front Med (Lausanne) 2019; 6:268. [PMID: 31828073 PMCID: PMC6890558 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2019.00268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2019] [Accepted: 11/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Over the past few decades, several radiotracers have been developed for neuroimaging applications, especially in PET. Because of their low steric hindrance, PET radionuclides can be used to label molecules that are small enough to cross the blood brain barrier, without modifying their biological properties. As the use of 11C is limited by its short physical half-life (20 min), there has been an increasing focus on developing tracers labeled with 18F for clinical use. The first such tracers allowed cerebral blood flow and glucose metabolism to be measured, and the development of molecular imaging has since enabled to focus more closely on specific targets such as receptors, neurotransmitter transporters, and other proteins. Hence, PET and SPECT biomarkers have become indispensable for innovative clinical research. Currently, the treatment options for a number of pathologies, notably neurodegenerative diseases, remain only supportive and symptomatic. Treatments that slow down or reverse disease progression are therefore the subject of numerous studies, in which molecular imaging is proving to be a powerful tool. PET and SPECT biomarkers already make it possible to diagnose several neurological diseases in vivo and at preclinical stages, yielding topographic, and quantitative data about the target. As a result, they can be used for assessing patients' eligibility for new treatments, or for treatment follow-up. The aim of the present review was to map major innovative radiotracers used in neuroscience, and explain their contribution to clinical research. We categorized them according to their target: dopaminergic, cholinergic or serotoninergic systems, β-amyloid plaques, tau protein, neuroinflammation, glutamate or GABA receptors, or α-synuclein. Most neurological disorders, and indeed mental disorders, involve the dysfunction of one or more of these targets. Combinations of molecular imaging biomarkers can afford us a better understanding of the mechanisms underlying disease development over time, and contribute to early detection/screening, diagnosis, therapy delivery/monitoring, and treatment follow-up in both research and clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Beaurain
- CHU de Toulouse, Toulouse, France.,ToNIC, Toulouse NeuroImaging Center, Inserm U1214, Toulouse, France
| | - Anne-Sophie Salabert
- CHU de Toulouse, Toulouse, France.,ToNIC, Toulouse NeuroImaging Center, Inserm U1214, Toulouse, France
| | - Maria Joao Ribeiro
- UMR 1253, iBrain, Université de Tours, Inserm, Tours, France.,Inserm CIC 1415, University Hospital, Tours, France.,CHRU Tours, Tours, France
| | - Nicolas Arlicot
- UMR 1253, iBrain, Université de Tours, Inserm, Tours, France.,Inserm CIC 1415, University Hospital, Tours, France.,CHRU Tours, Tours, France
| | - Philippe Damier
- Inserm U913, Neurology Department, University Hospital, Nantes, France
| | | | - Jean-François Demonet
- Leenards Memory Centre, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Pierre Payoux
- CHU de Toulouse, Toulouse, France.,ToNIC, Toulouse NeuroImaging Center, Inserm U1214, Toulouse, France
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7
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Sherin DR, Geethu CK, Prabhakaran J, Mann JJ, Dileep Kumar JS, Manojkumar TK. Molecular docking, dynamics simulations and 3D-QSAR modeling of arylpiperazine derivatives of 3,5-dioxo-(2H,4H)-1,2,4-triazine as 5-HT 1AR agonists. Comput Biol Chem 2018; 78:108-115. [PMID: 30502727 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiolchem.2018.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2018] [Revised: 10/09/2018] [Accepted: 11/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Serotonin receptor, 5-HT1AR, agonists and partial agonists have established drug candidates for psychiatric and neurologic disorders. Recently, we reported the synthesis and evaluation of arylpiperazine derivatives of 3,5-dioxo-(2H,4H)-1,2,4-triazine as 5-HT1AR ligands. Herein, we generated a homology model of the receptor and docked the ligands against it, predicted the stability of the receptor model and complexes by molecular dynamics and generated a 3D-QSAR model for the arylpiperazine derivatives of 3,5-dioxo-(2H,4H)-1,2,4-triazine. The model suggests the hydrophobic part that arises from the aromatic region and the electron withdrawing parts play a vital role in the agonist activity of the lead molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- D R Sherin
- Centre for Data Engineering and Computational Modeling, Indian Institute of Information Technology and Management-Kerala, India
| | - C K Geethu
- Centre for Data Engineering and Computational Modeling, Indian Institute of Information Technology and Management-Kerala, India
| | - Jaya Prabhakaran
- Molecular Imaging and Neuropathology Division, New York State Psychiatric Institute & Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, USA
| | - J John Mann
- Molecular Imaging and Neuropathology Division, New York State Psychiatric Institute & Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, USA
| | - J S Dileep Kumar
- Molecular Imaging and Neuropathology Division, New York State Psychiatric Institute & Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, USA.
| | - T K Manojkumar
- Centre for Data Engineering and Computational Modeling, Indian Institute of Information Technology and Management-Kerala, India.
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8
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Narimani A, Sadeghzadeh M, Kurdtabar M. Synthesis, radiolabeling and biological evaluation of [ 125I]-1-[2-(benzylthio)ethyl]-4-(5-iodo-2-methoxyphenyl)piperazine as a new 5-HT 1A receptor ligand. RADIOCHIM ACTA 2017. [DOI: 10.1515/ract-2016-2698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
5-HT1A receptors have been implicated in the pathogenesis of a wide variety of disorders related to the serotonin receptors. WAY100635 is a well-known high affinity 5-HT1A receptor antagonist. Many 11C and 18F radiolabeled derivatives and its radioiodinated analogues have been reported as imaging agents for 5-HT1A receptors. In this regard, the synthesis, radiolabeling and biological evaluation of a new 5-HT1A receptor radioligand, [125I]-1-(2-(benzylthio)ethyl)-4-(5-iodo-2-methoxyphenyl)piperazine ([125I]-BTE-IMPP), are described. Radioiodination of this newly synthesized compound was done by the direct aromatic electrophilic substitution via Iodo-Gen method. Radiochemical yield and radiochemical purity determined by TLC and RTLC were >70% and >95%, respectively. Biodistribution studies of [125I]-BTE-IMPP in rats displayed relatively high uptake in hippocampus (Hip) and low uptake in cerebellum (Cer). The level of the radiotracer uptake was over threefold higher in hippocampus than in cerebellum at 30 min post-injection. Moreover, the brain to blood uptake ratio and the blocking studies results indicated prolonged retention of the radiotracer and relatively good specific binding to 5-HT1A receptor. These findings strongly suggest that [125I]-BTE-IMPP could be a good candidate as an in vivo marker for pharmacological study of 5-HT1A receptors in animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Narimani
- Department of Chemistry, College of Basic Sciences, Karaj Branch , Islamic Azad University , Karaj , Iran
- Radiation Application Research School, Nuclear Science and Technology Research Institute , AEOI, Tehran , Iran
| | - Masoud Sadeghzadeh
- Radiation Application Research School, Nuclear Science and Technology Research Institute , AEOI, P.O.Box:11365-3486 , Tehran , Iran
| | - Mehran Kurdtabar
- Department of Chemistry, College of Basic Sciences, Karaj Branch , Islamic Azad University , Karaj , Iran
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9
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Kumar JSD, Underwood MD, Simpson NR, Kassir SA, Prabhakaran J, Majo VJ, Bakalian MJ, Parsey RV, Mann JJ, Arango V. Autoradiographic Evaluation of [(18)F]FECUMI-101, a High Affinity 5-HT1AR Ligand in Human Brain. ACS Med Chem Lett 2016; 7:482-6. [PMID: 27190597 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.5b00499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2015] [Accepted: 03/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
[(18)F]FECUMI-101 ([(18)F]1) is a 5HT1AR ligand demonstrating specific binding in brain regions corresponding to the distribution of 5-HT1AR in baboons. However, we detected moderate uptake of [(18)F]1 in baboon thalamus, a brain region lacking 5-HT1AR. We sought to investigate the relative binding of [(18)F]1 to 5-HT1AR, α1R, and 5-HT7R in vitro. Using autoradiography in human brain sections, specific binding of [(18)F]1 to 5-HT1AR was confirmed. However, [(18)F]1 also showed 26% binding to α1R in PFC. The hippocampal formation exhibited 51% and 92% binding of [(18)F]1 to α1R and 5-HT1AR, respectively. Thalamus and cerebellum showed very little binding. There is no measurable specific binding of [(18)F]1 to 5-HT7R and no effect of temperature on [(18)F]1 specific binding to 5-HT1AR or α1R. These results indicate that, while [(18)F]FECUMI-101 is not a completely selective 5-HT1AR ligand for receptor quantification, it may be useful for occupancy measurements of drugs acting at 5-HT1AR in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. S. Dileep Kumar
- Division
of Molecular Imaging and Neuropathology, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, New York 10032, United States
- Department
of Psychiatry, Stony Brook University School of Medicine, Stony Brook, New York 11794, United States
| | - Mark D. Underwood
- Division
of Molecular Imaging and Neuropathology, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, New York 10032, United States
- Department
of Psychiatry, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York 10032, United States
| | - Norman R. Simpson
- Division
of Molecular Imaging and Neuropathology, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, New York 10032, United States
| | - Suham A. Kassir
- Division
of Molecular Imaging and Neuropathology, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, New York 10032, United States
| | - Jaya Prabhakaran
- Department
of Psychiatry, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York 10032, United States
| | - Vattoly J. Majo
- Department
of Psychiatry, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York 10032, United States
| | - Mihran J. Bakalian
- Division
of Molecular Imaging and Neuropathology, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, New York 10032, United States
| | - Ramin V. Parsey
- Department
of Psychiatry, Stony Brook University School of Medicine, Stony Brook, New York 11794, United States
| | - J. John Mann
- Division
of Molecular Imaging and Neuropathology, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, New York 10032, United States
- Department
of Psychiatry, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York 10032, United States
| | - Victoria Arango
- Division
of Molecular Imaging and Neuropathology, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, New York 10032, United States
- Department
of Psychiatry, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York 10032, United States
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10
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Lee JH, Ryu YH, Lyoo CH, Choi SH, Kim JJ, Choi JY. Optimal timing of [¹⁸F]Mefway PET for imaging the serotonin 1A receptor in healthy male subjects. Appl Radiat Isot 2015; 107:127-132. [PMID: 26492323 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2015.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2015] [Revised: 09/08/2015] [Accepted: 10/04/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
To determine the optimal acquisition time of [(18)F]Mefway PET, we examined the regional specific-to-nonspecific binding ratios and evaluated the relationship between distribution volume ratios (DVRs) and standardized uptake value ratios (SUVRs) in various time windows. The specific-to-nonspecific binding ratios peaked after 40 min and there was a strong correlation between DVR and SUVR in the 60-80 min. Therefore, we recommend the use of a single time point between 60 and 80 min for [(18)F]Mefway static PET.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae-Hoon Lee
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Hoon Ryu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chul Hyoung Lyoo
- (c)Department of Psychiatry and Institute of Human Behavioral Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo-Hee Choi
- (d)Department of Psychiatry and Institute of Behavioral Science in Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Jin Kim
- (b)Department of Neurology, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Yong Choi
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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11
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Kumar JSD, Mann JJ. PET tracers for serotonin receptors and their applications. Cent Nerv Syst Agents Med Chem 2015; 14:96-112. [PMID: 25360773 DOI: 10.2174/1871524914666141030124316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2014] [Revised: 10/26/2014] [Accepted: 10/28/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Serotonin receptors (5-HTRs) are implicated in the pathophysiology of a variety of neuropsychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders and are also targets for drug therapy. In the CNS, most of these receptors are expressed in high abundance in specific brain regions reflecting their role in brain functions. Quantifying binding to 5-HTRs in vivo may permit assessment of physiologic and pathologic conditions, and monitoring disease progression, evaluating treatment response, and for investigating new treatment modalities. Positron emission tomography (PET) molecular imaging has the sensitivity to quantify binding of 5-HTRs in CNS disorders and to measure drug occupancy as part of a process of new drug development. Although research on PET imaging of 5-HTRs have been performed more than two decades, the successful radiotracers so far developed for human studies are limited to 5-HT₁AR, 5-HT₁BR, 5-HT₂AR, 5-HT₄R and 5-HT₆R. Herein we review the development and application of radioligands for PET imaging of 5-HTRs in living brain.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - J John Mann
- Division of Molecular Imaging and Neuropathology, New York State Psychiatric institute, 1051 Riverside Drive, Box: 42, New York, NY, 10032, USA.
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12
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Choi JY, Lyoo CH, Kim JS, Kim KM, Kang JH, Choi SH, Kim JJ, Ryu YH. 18F-Mefway PET imaging of serotonin 1A receptors in humans: a comparison with 18F-FCWAY. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0121342. [PMID: 25830772 PMCID: PMC4382022 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0121342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2014] [Accepted: 01/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction The purpose of this research is to evaluate the prospects for the use of 4-(trans-18F-fluoranylmethyl)-N-[2-[4-(2-methoxyphenyl)piperazin-1-yl]ethyl]-N-pyridin-2-ylcyclohexane-1-carboxamide (18F-Mefway) in comparison to 18F-trans-4-fluoro-N-2-[4-(2-methoxyphenyl)piperazin-1-yl]ethyl]-N-(2-pyridyl)cyclohexanecarboxamide (18F-FCWAY) for the quantification of 5-HT1A receptors in human subjects. Method Five healthy male controls were included for two positron emission tomography (PET) studies: 18F-FCWAY PET after the pretreatment with 500 mg of disulfiram and two months later, 18F-Mefway PET without disulfiram. Regional time-activity curves (TACs) were extracted from nine cortical and subcortical regions in dynamic PET images. Using cerebellar cortex without vermis as reference tissue, in vivo kinetics for both radioligands were compared based on the distribution volume ratio (DVR) calculated by non-invasive Logan graphical analysis and area under the curve ratio of the TACs (AUC ratio). Result Although the pattern of regional uptakes in the 18F-Mefway PET was similar to that of the 18F-FCWAY PET (highest in the hippocampus and lowest in the cerebellar cortex), the amount of regional uptake in 18F-Mefway PET was almost half of that in 18F-FCWAY PET. The skull uptake in 18F-Mefway PET was only 25% of that in 18F-FCWAY PET with disulfiram pretreatment. The regional DVR values and AUC ratio values for 18F-Mefway were 17—40% lower than those of 18F-FCWAY. In contrast to a small overestimation of DVR values by AUC ratio values (< 10%) in 18F-FCWAY PET, the overestimation bias of AUC ratio values was much higher (up to 21%) in 18F-Mefway PET. Conclusion As 18F-Mefway showed lower DVR values and greater overestimation bias of AUC ratio values, 18F-Mefway may appear less favorable than 18F-FCWAY. However, in contrast to 18F-FCWAY, the resistance to in vivo defluorination of 18F-Mefway obviates the need for the use of a defluorination inhibitor. Thus, 18F-Mefway may be a good candidate PET radioligand for 5-HT1A receptor imaging in human.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Yong Choi
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chul Hyoung Lyoo
- Department of Neurology, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jin Su Kim
- Molecular Imaging Research Center, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyeong Min Kim
- Molecular Imaging Research Center, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jee Hae Kang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Swarthmore College, 500 College Avenue Swarthmore, PA, United States of America
| | - Soo-Hee Choi
- Department of Psychiatry and Institute of Human Behavioral Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae-Jin Kim
- Department of Psychiatry and Institute of Behavioral Science in Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young Hoon Ryu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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13
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Abstract
18F-Mefway (N-{2-[4-(2'-methoxyphenyl)piperazinyl]ethyl}-N-(2-pyridyl)-N-(4'-18F-fluoro-methylcyclohexane)carboxamide) was developed and evaluated for use as a PET ligand for imaging 5-HT1A receptors. Ongoing studies of 18F-Mefway have shown it to be an effective PET radiotracer. We have synthesized isomers of Mefway by changing the position of the methyl-group in attempts to evaluate stability for imaging purposes. 2-Methyl-, 3-methyl-, and 4-methyl-cyclohexane-1-carboxylic acids and 3-carbomethoxy-, 4-carbomethoxycyclohexane-1-carboxylic acids were coupled with WAY-100634 to provide the methylcyclohexyl derivatives (2-, 3- and 4-methyl). Mefway and 3-Mefway analogs were prepared by reduction of carbomethoxy-derivatives followed by fluorination. In vitro binding affinities for the methylated derivatives in rat brain homogenates was found to be 10.4 nM (2-methyl), 77 nM (3-methyl) and 21.5 nM (4-methyl). Binding affinity of 3-Mefway and 4-Mefway was found to be 17.4 nM and 6.26 nM, respectively. Our results suggest that 3-methyl/3-fluoromethyl substituent has approx. 3-fold lower affinities compared to the 4-methyl/4-fluoromethyl substituent.
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14
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Hillmer AT, Wooten DW, Bajwa AK, Higgins AT, Lao PJ, Betthauser TJ, Barnhart TE, Rowley HA, Stone CK, Johnson SC, Mukherjee J, Christian BT. First-in-human evaluation of 18F-mefway, a PET radioligand specific to serotonin-1A receptors. J Nucl Med 2014; 55:1973-9. [PMID: 25453045 DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.114.145151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED The serotonin-1A (5-HT1A; 5-HT is 5-hydroxytryptamine) receptor is implicated in an array of neurologic and psychiatric disorders. Current PET radioligands targeting 5-HT1A receptors have limitations hindering widespread PET studies of this receptor system. The 5-HT1A-specific antagonist radioligand N-{2-[4-(2-methoxyphenyl)piperazinyl]ethyl}-N-(2-pyridyl)-N-(trans-4-(18)F-fluoromethylcyclohexane)carboxamide ((18)F-mefway) exhibited promising in vivo properties in rhesus monkeys. The goal of this work was to examine the in vivo cerebral binding profile and metabolism of (18)F-mefway in humans. METHODS Dynamic (18)F-mefway PET data were acquired for 6 healthy volunteers (4 women, 2 men; age, 22-38 y). Scans were initiated with the injection of 192-204 MBq of radiotracer, and data were acquired for 2 h. Venous blood samples were collected and assayed to examine the in vivo metabolism profile of (18)F-mefway. To examine the test-retest variability of (18)F-mefway, a second PET scan was acquired at least 2 wk later for 4 subjects. Regional binding potentials (BPNDs) were calculated with the multilinear reference tissue model, and voxelwise BPND maps were calculated with Logan graphical analysis. Regions surrounding the brain were carefully inspected for uptake of radiolabeled species in bone. RESULTS (18)F-mefway uptake in the brain occurred quickly, with a peak standardized uptake value (SUV) of 1.7. Rapid washout in the cerebellum resulted in SUVs of 0.2 at 120 min, whereas regions with specific 5-HT1A binding exhibited retention of radioligand, yielding SUVs of 0.4-0.9 at 120 min. Rapid metabolism of (18)F-mefway was observed, with no detected (18)F-fluoride ions in plasma. BPND values of 2.4 were measured in the mesial temporal lobe, with values of 1.6 in the insular cortex and 0.7-1.0 in other cortical regions. Stable BPND estimates were obtained using 90 min of dynamic data. Average test-retest variability was 8%. No evidence of radioactivity uptake in bone was observed. CONCLUSION (18)F-mefway exhibits favorable in vivo properties for serotonin 5-HT1A receptor measurements in humans. The simple radiosynthesis, high specific binding profile, and absence of PET signal in bone make (18)F-mefway an attractive radiotracer for PET experiments examining the 5-HT1A receptor in neuropsychiatric disorders and drug intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ansel T Hillmer
- Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin Waisman Center for Brain Imaging and Behavior, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Dustin W Wooten
- Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin Waisman Center for Brain Imaging and Behavior, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Alisha K Bajwa
- Department of Radiological Sciences, University of California, Irvine, California
| | - Andrew T Higgins
- Waisman Center for Brain Imaging and Behavior, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Patrick J Lao
- Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin Waisman Center for Brain Imaging and Behavior, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Tobey J Betthauser
- Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin Waisman Center for Brain Imaging and Behavior, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Todd E Barnhart
- Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Howard A Rowley
- Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Charles K Stone
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Sterling C Johnson
- Department of Geriatrics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin; and
| | - Jogeshwar Mukherjee
- Department of Radiological Sciences, University of California, Irvine, California
| | - Bradley T Christian
- Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin Waisman Center for Brain Imaging and Behavior, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin Department of Psychiatry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin
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15
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Kumar JSD, Majo VJ, Prabhakaran J, Mann JJ. Synthesis and evaluation of arylpiperazines derivatives of 3,5-dioxo-(2H,4H)-1,2,4-triazine as 5-HT1AR ligands. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2014; 24:4759-4762. [PMID: 25182564 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2014.07.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2014] [Revised: 07/16/2014] [Accepted: 07/17/2014] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
5-HT1AR agonist or partial agonists are established drug candidates for psychiatric and neurological disorders. We have reported the synthesis and evaluation of a series of high affinity 5-HT1AR partial agonist PET imaging agents with greater selectivity over α-1AR. The characteristic of these molecules are 3,5-dioxo-(2H,4H)-1,2,4-triazine skeleton tethered to an arylpiperazine unit through an alkyl side chain. The most potent 5-HT1AR agonistic properties were found to be associated with the molecules bearing C-4 alkyl group as the linker. Therefore development of 3,5-dioxo-(2H,4H)-1,2,4-triazine bearing arylpiperazine derivatives may provide high affinity selective 5-HT1AR ligands. Herein we describe the synthesis and evaluation of the binding properties of a series of arylpiperazine analogues of 3,5-dioxo-(2H,4H)-1,2,4-triazine.
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Affiliation(s)
- J S Dileep Kumar
- Division of Molecular Imaging and Neuropathology, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, USA; Department of Psychiatry and Behavior Science, Stony Brook University, New York, USA.
| | - Vattoly J Majo
- Division of Molecular Imaging and Neuropathology, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, USA
| | - Jaya Prabhakaran
- Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, USA
| | - J John Mann
- Division of Molecular Imaging and Neuropathology, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, USA; Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, USA
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16
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García G, Abet V, Alajarín R, Álvarez-Builla J, Delgado M, García-García L, Bascuñana-Almarcha P, Peña-Salcedo C, Kelly J, Pozo MA. N-(4-[(18)F]-fluoropyridin-2-yl)-N-{2-[4-(2-methoxyphenyl)piperazin-1-yl]ethyl}carboxamides as analogs of WAY100635. New PET tracers of serotonin 5-HT(1A) receptors. Eur J Med Chem 2014; 85:795-806. [PMID: 25171752 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2014.07.096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2014] [Revised: 07/24/2014] [Accepted: 07/25/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
N-(4-[(18)F]-Fluoropyridin-2-yl)-N-{2-[4-(2-methoxyphenyl)piperazin-1-yl]ethyl}-carboxamides were prepared by labeling their 4-nitropyridin-2-yl precursors through nitro substitution by the (18)F anion. In vitro and in vivo tests showed that the cyclohexanecarboxamide derivative is a reversible, selective and high affinity 5-HT1A receptor antagonist (IC50 = 0.29 nM, ki = 0.18 nM) with high brain uptake, slow brain clearance and stability to defluorination when compared with conventional standards. This PET radioligand is a promising candidate for an improved in vivo quantification of 5-HT1A receptors in neuropsychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gonzalo García
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidad de Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid 28871, Spain
| | - Valentina Abet
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidad de Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid 28871, Spain
| | - Ramón Alajarín
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidad de Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid 28871, Spain
| | - Julio Álvarez-Builla
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidad de Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid 28871, Spain.
| | - Mercedes Delgado
- CAI Cartografía Cerebral, Instituto Pluridisciplinar UCM, Paseo Juan XXIII, 1, Madrid 28040, Spain
| | - Luis García-García
- CAI Cartografía Cerebral, Instituto Pluridisciplinar UCM, Paseo Juan XXIII, 1, Madrid 28040, Spain
| | - Pablo Bascuñana-Almarcha
- CAI Cartografía Cerebral, Instituto Pluridisciplinar UCM, Paseo Juan XXIII, 1, Madrid 28040, Spain
| | - Carmen Peña-Salcedo
- Instituto Tecnológico PET, Calle Manuel Bartolomé Cossío 10, Madrid 28040, Spain
| | - James Kelly
- Instituto Tecnológico PET, Calle Manuel Bartolomé Cossío 10, Madrid 28040, Spain
| | - Miguel A Pozo
- CAI Cartografía Cerebral, Instituto Pluridisciplinar UCM, Paseo Juan XXIII, 1, Madrid 28040, Spain; Instituto Tecnológico PET, Calle Manuel Bartolomé Cossío 10, Madrid 28040, Spain.
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17
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Choi JY, Kim BS, Kim CH, Kim DG, Han SJ, Lee K, Kim KM, An G, Choi TH, Yoo SD, Ryu YH. Translational possibility of [ 18 F]Mefway to image serotonin 1A receptors in humans: Comparison with [ 18 F]FCWAY in rodents. Synapse 2014; 68:595-603. [PMID: 25056144 DOI: 10.1002/syn.21771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2014] [Revised: 07/15/2014] [Accepted: 07/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To compare the cerebral uptake and binding potential of [18 F]FCWAY and [18 F]Mefway in the rodent to assess their potential for imaging serotonin 1A (5-HT1A ) receptors. MATERIALS AND METHODS In vitro liver microsomal studies were performed to evaluate the degree of defluorination. Dynamic positron emission tomography (PET) studies were then conducted for 2 h with or without an anti-defluorination agent. The regions of interest were the hippocampus and frontal cortex (5-HT1A target regions) and the cerebellum (5-HT1A nontarget region). The in vivo kinetics of the radioligands were compared based on the brain uptake values and target-to-nontarget ratio. We also performed a comparison of binding potential (BPND ) as a steady-state binding parameter. Finally, binding affinities to 5-HT1A receptors were assessed in Chinese hamster ovary cells (CHO-K1) cells expressing human recombinant 5-HT1A receptors. RESULTS The radiochemical yield of [18 F]Mefway was slightly higher than that of [18 F]FCWAY (19 vs. 15%). With regard to metabolic stability against defluorination, both compounds exhibited similar stability in rat liver microsomes, but [18 F]Mefway displayed higher stability in the human microsome (defluorination ratio at 30 min: 32 vs. 29 in rat liver microsomes, 31 vs. 64 in human liver microsomes for [18 F]Mefway and [18 F]FCWAY, respectively). There were no significant differences in brain uptake, the target-to-nontarget ratios, and the BPND (at hippocampus, peak brain uptakes: 6.9 vs. 8.5, target-to-nontarget ratios: 6.9 vs. 8.5, BPND : 5.2 vs. 6.2 for [18 F]Mefway and [18 F]FCWAY). The binding affinity of [18 F]Mefway was considerably higher than that of [18 F]FCWAY (IC50 : 1.5 nM vs. 2.2 nM). CONCLUSION [18 F]Mefway exhibits favorable characteristics compared to [18 F]FCWAY in rodents, and may be a promising radioligand for use in human subjects. Synapse 68:595-603, 2014. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Yong Choi
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Seoul, 135-720, Korea
| | - Byoung Soo Kim
- Department of Molecular Imaging, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, 139-706, Korea
| | - Chul Hoon Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, Brain Research Institute, Brain Korea 21 Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 120-752, Korea
| | - Dong Goo Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, Brain Research Institute, Brain Korea 21 Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 120-752, Korea
| | - Sang Jin Han
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Seoul, 135-720, Korea
| | - Kyochul Lee
- Department of Molecular Imaging, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, 139-706, Korea
| | - Kyeong Min Kim
- Department of Molecular Imaging, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, 139-706, Korea
| | - Gwangil An
- Department of Molecular Imaging, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, 139-706, Korea
| | - Tae Hyun Choi
- Department of Molecular Imaging, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, 139-706, Korea
| | - Sun Dong Yoo
- College of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, 440-746, Korea
| | - Young Hoon Ryu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Seoul, 135-720, Korea
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18
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Constantinescu CC, Sevrioukov E, Garcia A, Pan ML, Mukherjee J. Evaluation of [18F]Mefway biodistribution and dosimetry based on whole-body PET imaging of mice. Mol Imaging Biol 2013; 15:222-9. [PMID: 22833323 DOI: 10.1007/s11307-012-0582-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE [(18)F]Mefway is a novel radiotracer specific to the serotonin 5-HT1A receptor class. In preparation for using this tracer in humans, we have performed whole-body PET studies in mice to evaluate the biodistribution and dosimetry of [(18)F]Mefway. METHODS Six mice (three females and three males) received IV injections of [(18)F]Mefway and were scanned for 2 h in an Inveon-dedicated PET scanner. Each animal also received a high-resolution CT scan using an Inveon CT. The CT images were used to draw volume of interest on the following organs: the brain, large intestine, stomach, heart, kidneys, liver, lungs, pancreas, bone, spleen, testes, thymus, gallbladder, uterus, and urinary bladder. All organ time-activity curves without decay correction were normalized to the injected activity. The area under the normalized curves was then used to compute the residence times in each organ. Data were analyzed using PMOD and Matlab software. The absorbed doses in mouse organs were computed using the RAdiation Dose Assessment Resource animal models for dose assessment. The residence times in mouse organs were converted to human values using scale factors based on differences between organ and body weights. OLINDA/EXM 1.1 software was used to compute the absorbed human doses in multiple organs for both female and male phantoms. RESULTS The highest mouse residence times were found in the liver, urinary bladder, and kidneys. The largest doses in mice were found in the urinary bladder (critical organ), kidney, and liver for both females and males, indicating primary elimination via urinary system. The projected human effective doses were 1.21E - 02 mSv/MBq for the adult female model and 1.13E - 02 mSv/MBq for the adult male model. The estimated human biodistribution of [(18)F]Mefway was similar to that of [(11)C]WAY 100,635, a 5-HT1A tracer for which dosimetry has been evaluated in humans. CONCLUSIONS The elimination of radiotracer was primarily via the kidney and urinary bladder with the urinary bladder being the critical organ. Whole-body mouse imaging can be used as a preclinical tool to provide initial estimates of the absorbed doses of [(18)F]Mefway in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristian C Constantinescu
- Preclinical Imaging, Department of Radiological Sciences, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA.
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19
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Stenkrona P, Halldin C, Lundberg J. 5-HTT and 5-HT(1A) receptor occupancy of the novel substance vortioxetine (Lu AA21004). A PET study in control subjects. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol 2013; 23:1190-8. [PMID: 23428337 DOI: 10.1016/j.euroneuro.2013.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2012] [Revised: 10/31/2012] [Accepted: 01/05/2013] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Vortioxetine (Lu AA21004) is a new potential substance for the treatment of anxiety and mood disorders. It has high affinity for the 5-HT transporter (5-HTT) and moderate affinity for the 5-HT1A receptor in vitro. Positron emission tomography (PET) has commonly been used to examine the relation between dose/plasma concentration and occupancy to predict relevant dose intervals in a clinical setting. In this study 11 control subjects were examined with PET and [¹¹C]MADAM at baseline, after a single dose and after 9 days of dosing with Lu AA21004 (2.5, 10 or 60 mg) for quantification of 5-HTT occupancy. Four subjects were examined with PET and [¹¹C]WAY 100635 at baseline, after a single dose and after 9 days of dosing of Lu AA21004 (30 mg) for quantification of 5-HT(1A) occupancy. To allow for quantification of binding in the raphe nuclei, PET data were analyzed using wavelet aided parametric imaging. 5-HTT occupancy ranged from 2 (mean, 2.5 mg day 1) to 97% (60 mg day 9). The apparent affinity of Lu AA21004 binding to 5-HTT (KD(ND)) was calculated to 16.7 nM (R=0.95), and the corresponding oral dose (KD(ND)-dose) to 8.5 mg (R=0.91). No significant occupancy of 5-HT(1A) receptors was found after dosing of 30 mg Lu AA21004. Based on the literature and the present [¹¹C]MADAM binding data, a dose of 20-30 mg Lu AA21004 is suggested to give clinically relevant occupancy of the 5-HTT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Per Stenkrona
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital Solna, Building R5, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
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20
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Majo VJ, Milak MS, Prabhakaran J, Mali P, Savenkova L, Simpson NR, Mann JJ, Parsey RV, Dileep Kumar JS. Synthesis and in vivo evaluation of [(18)F]2-(4-(4-(2-(2-fluoroethoxy)phenyl)piperazin-1-yl)butyl)-4-methyl-1,2,4-triazine-3,5(2H,4H)-dione ([(18)F]FECUMI-101) as an imaging probe for 5-HT1A receptor agonist in nonhuman primates. Bioorg Med Chem 2013; 21:5598-604. [PMID: 23816046 PMCID: PMC3858174 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2013.05.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2013] [Revised: 05/09/2013] [Accepted: 05/17/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The 5-HT1AR partial agonist PET radiotracer, [(11)C]CUMI-101, has advantages over an antagonist radiotracer as it binds preferentially to the high affinity state of the receptor and thereby provides more functionally meaningful information. The major drawback of C-11 tracers is the lack of cyclotron facility in many health care centers thereby limiting widespread clinical or research use. We identified the fluoroethyl derivative, 2-(4-(4-(2-(2-fluoroethoxy)phenyl)piperazin-1-yl)butyl)-4-methyl-1,2,4-triazine-3,5(2H,4H)dione (FECUMI-101) (Ki=0.1nM; Emax=77%; EC50=0.65nM) as a partial agonist 5-HT1AR ligand of the parent ligand CUMI-101. FECUMI-101 is radiolabeled with F-18 by O-fluoroethylation of the corresponding desmethyl analogue (1) with [(18)F]fluoroethyltosylate in DMSO in the presence of 1.6equiv of K2CO3 in 45±5% yield (EOS). PET shows [(18)F]FECUMI-101 binds specifically to 5-HT1AR enriched brain regions of baboon. The specificity of [(18)F]FECUMI-101 binding to 5-HT1AR was confirmed by challenge studies with the known 5-HT1AR ligand WAY100635. These findings indicate that [(18)F]FECUMI-101 can be a viable agonist ligand for the in vivo quantification of high affinity 5-HT1AR with PET.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vattoly J. Majo
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Medical Center, Columbia University, New York
| | - Matthew S. Milak
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Medical Center, Columbia University, New York
- Division of Molecular Imaging and Neuropathology, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York
| | - Jaya Prabhakaran
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Medical Center, Columbia University, New York
| | - Pratap Mali
- Division of Molecular Imaging and Neuropathology, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York
| | - Lyudmila Savenkova
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Medical Center, Columbia University, New York
| | - Norman R. Simpson
- Division of Molecular Imaging and Neuropathology, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York
| | - J. John Mann
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Medical Center, Columbia University, New York
- Division of Molecular Imaging and Neuropathology, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York
- Department of Radiology, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032
| | - Ramin V. Parsey
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, Stony Brook University, New York
| | - J. S. Dileep Kumar
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Medical Center, Columbia University, New York
- Division of Molecular Imaging and Neuropathology, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York
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Choi JY, Kim CH, Ryu YH, Seo YB, Truong P, Kim EJ, Choi TH, Kang J, Lee M, Kim DG, Lee JD, Jeon TJ. Optimization of the radiosynthesis of [18F]MEFWAY for imaging brain serotonin 1A receptors by using the GE TracerLab FXFN-Promodule. J Labelled Comp Radiopharm 2013; 56:589-94. [DOI: 10.1002/jlcr.3067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2013] [Revised: 04/12/2013] [Accepted: 05/06/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jae Yong Choi
- Department of Nuclear Medicine; Yonsei University College of Medicine, Gangnam Severance Hospital; Seoul 135-720 Korea
| | - Chul Hoon Kim
- Department of Pharmacology; Brain Research Institute, Brain Korea 21 Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine; Seoul 120-752 Korea
| | - Young Hoon Ryu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine; Yonsei University College of Medicine, Gangnam Severance Hospital; Seoul 135-720 Korea
| | - Young Beom Seo
- Department of Nuclear Medicine; Yonsei University College of Medicine, Gangnam Severance Hospital; Seoul 135-720 Korea
| | - Phong Truong
- Global Radiopharmacy Molecular Imaging Technologies; GE Healthcare; Husbyborg 15024 Uppsala Sweden
| | - Eun Jung Kim
- Department of Molecular Imaging; Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences; Seoul 139-706 Korea
| | - Tae Hyun Choi
- Department of Molecular Imaging; Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences; Seoul 139-706 Korea
| | - JeeHae Kang
- Swarthmore College; 500 College Avenue Swarthmore; PA 19081 USA
| | - Minkyung Lee
- Department of Nuclear Medicine; Yonsei University College of Medicine, Gangnam Severance Hospital; Seoul 135-720 Korea
| | - Dong Goo Kim
- Department of Pharmacology; Brain Research Institute, Brain Korea 21 Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine; Seoul 120-752 Korea
| | - Jong Doo Lee
- Department of Nuclear Medicine; Yonsei University College of Medicine, Gangnam Severance Hospital; Seoul 135-720 Korea
| | - Tae Joo Jeon
- Department of Nuclear Medicine; Yonsei University College of Medicine, Gangnam Severance Hospital; Seoul 135-720 Korea
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22
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Zimmer L, Le Bars D. Current status of positron emission tomography radiotracers for serotonin receptors in humans. J Labelled Comp Radiopharm 2013; 56:105-13. [DOI: 10.1002/jlcr.3001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2012] [Revised: 11/08/2012] [Accepted: 11/08/2012] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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23
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Kumar JSD, Parsey RV, Kassir SA, Majo VJ, Milak MS, Prabhakaran J, Simpson NR, Underwood MD, Mann JJ, Arango V. Autoradiographic evaluation of [3H]CUMI-101, a novel, selective 5-HT1AR ligand in human and baboon brain. Brain Res 2013; 1507:11-8. [PMID: 23454434 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2013.02.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2012] [Revised: 02/14/2013] [Accepted: 02/20/2013] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
[11C]CUMI-101 is the first selective serotonin receptor (5-HT1AR) partial agonist radiotracer for positron emission tomography (PET) tested in vivo in nonhuman primates and humans. We evaluated specific binding of [3H]CUMI-101 by quantitative autoradiography studies in postmortem baboon and human brain sections using the 5-HT1AR antagonist WAY-100635 as a displacer. The regional and laminar distributions of [3H]CUMI-101 binding in baboon and human brain sections matched the known distribution of [3H]8-OH-DPAT and [3H]WAY-100635. Prazosin did not measurably displace [3H]CUMI-101 binding in baboon or human brain sections, thereby ruling out [3H]CUMI-101 binding to α1-adrenergic receptors. This study demonstrates that [11C]CUMI-101 is a selective 5-HT1AR ligand for in vivo and in vitro studies in baboon and human brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- J S Dileep Kumar
- Division of Molecular Imaging and Neuropathology, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, USA.
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24
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Chaturvedi S, Kaul A, Yadav N, Singh B, Mishra AK. Synthesis, docking and preliminary in vivo evaluation of serotonin dithiocarbamate as novel SPECT neuroimaging agent. MEDCHEMCOMM 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c3md00044c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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25
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Embree M, Michopoulos V, Votaw JR, Voll RJ, Mun J, Stehouwer JS, Goodman MM, Wilson ME, Sánchez MM. The relation of developmental changes in brain serotonin transporter (5HTT) and 5HT1A receptor binding to emotional behavior in female rhesus monkeys: effects of social status and 5HTT genotype. Neuroscience 2012; 228:83-100. [PMID: 23079633 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2012.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2012] [Revised: 10/04/2012] [Accepted: 10/05/2012] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The goal of the present study was to examine how social subordination stress and 5HTT polymorphisms affect the development of brain serotonin (5HT) systems during the pubertal transition in female rhesus monkeys. We also examined associations with developmental changes in emotional reactivity in response to a standardized behavioral test, the Human Intruder (HI). Our findings provide the first longitudinal evidence of developmental increases in 5HT1A receptor and 5HTT binding in the brain of female primates from pre- to peripuberty. The increase in 5HT1A BP(ND) in these socially housed female rhesus monkeys is a robust finding, occurring across all groups, regardless of social status or 5HTT genotype, and occurring in the left and right hemispheres of all prefrontal regions studied, as well as the amygdala, hippocampus, hypothalamus, and raphe nuclei. 5HTT BP(ND) also showed an increase with age in raphe, anterior cingulate cortex, and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. These changes in brain 5HT systems take place as females establish more adult-like patterns of social behavior, as well as during the HI paradigm. Indeed, the main developmental changes in behavior during the HI (increase in freezing and decrease in submission/appeasement) were related to neurodevelopmental increases in 5HT1A receptors and 5HTT, because the associations between these behaviors and 5HT endpoints emerge at peripuberty. We detected an effect of social status on 5HT1A BP(ND) in the hypothalamus and on 5HTT BP(ND) in the orbitofrontal cortex, with subordinates showing higher BP(ND) than dominants in both cases during the pubertal transition. No main effects of 5HTT genotype were observed for 5HT1A or 5HTT BP(ND). Our findings indicate that adolescence in female rhesus monkeys is a period of central 5HT reorganization, partly influenced by exposure to the social stress of subordination, that likely functions to integrate adrenal and gonadal systems and shape the behavioral response to emotionally challenging social situations.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Embree
- Division of Developmental & Cognitive Neuroscience, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA.
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Choi JY, Kim CH, Jeon TJ, Kim BS, Yi CH, Woo KS, Seo YB, Han SJ, Kim KM, Yi DI, Lee M, Kim DG, Kim JY, Lee KC, Choi TH, An G, Ryu YH. Effective MicroPET imaging of brain 5-HT1Areceptors in rats with [18F]MeFWAY by suppression of radioligand defluorination. Synapse 2012; 66:1015-23. [DOI: 10.1002/syn.21607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2012] [Accepted: 08/21/2012] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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27
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Lemoine L, Becker G, Vacher B, Billard T, Lancelot S, Newman-Tancredi A, Zimmer L. Radiosynthesis and Preclinical Evaluation of 18F-F13714 as a Fluorinated 5-HT1A Receptor Agonist Radioligand for PET Neuroimaging. J Nucl Med 2012; 53:969-76. [DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.111.101212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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Chiotellis A, Tsoukalas C, Pelecanou M, Pirmettis I, Papadopoulos M. Synthesis, characterization and biological evaluation of novel neutral fac-M(CO)3(SNO) complexes (M=Re, 99mTc) bearing the o-methoxyphenylpiperazine moiety. Appl Radiat Isot 2012; 70:957-64. [PMID: 22464790 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2012.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2011] [Revised: 12/07/2011] [Accepted: 03/01/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis, characterization and biological evaluation of two new neutral tricarbonyl fac-M(CO)(3)(SNO) (M=Re, (99m)Tc) bearing o-methoxyphenylpiperazine as pharmacophore and S-functionalized cysteine or penicillamine as chelators are reported. Competition binding tests showed good affinity for the 5-HT(1A) receptor (8 and 54 nM for 4a and 4b, respectively). Biodistribution studies in healthy animals showed high initial blood and liver uptake, fast blood and tissue depuration and negligible brain uptake.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Chiotellis
- Institute of Radioisotopes, Radiodiagnostic Products, National Centre for Scientific Research Demokritos, Athens, Greece
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29
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Gao M, Wang M, Zheng QH. Facile synthesis of carbon-11-labeled arylpiperazinylthioalkyl derivatives as new PET radioligands for imaging of 5-HT1AR. Appl Radiat Isot 2012; 70:498-504. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2011.11.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2011] [Revised: 10/26/2011] [Accepted: 11/14/2011] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Kumar DJS, Bai B, Ng HH, Mirsalis JC, Erlandsson K, Milak MS, Majo VJ, Prabhakaran J, Mann JJ, Parsey RV. Biodistribution, toxicology, and radiation dosimetry of 5-HT1A-receptor agonist positron emission tomography ligand [11C]CUMI-101. Int J Toxicol 2011; 30:611-8. [PMID: 21994241 DOI: 10.1177/1091581811419024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Sprague Dawley rats (10/sex/group) were given a single intravenous (iv) dose of CUMI-101 to determine acute toxicity of CUMI-101 and radiation dosimetry estimations were conducted in baboons with [(11)C]CUMI-101. Intravenous administration of CUMI-101 did not produce overt biologically or toxicologically significant adverse effects except transient hypoactivity immediately after dose in the mid- and high-dose groups, which is not considered to be a dose-limiting toxic effect. No adverse effects were observed in the low-dose group. The no observed adverse effect level (NOAEL) is considered to be 44.05 µg/kg for a single iv dose administration in rats. The maximum tolerated dose (MTD) was estimated to be 881 µg/kg for a single iv dose administration. The Medical Internal Radiation Dose (MIRDOSE) estimates indicate the maximum permissible single-study dosage of [(11)C]CUMI-101 in humans is 52 mCi with testes and urinary bladder as the critical organ for males and females, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dileep J S Kumar
- Department of Psychiatry and Division of Molecular Imaging and Neuropathology, Columbia University Medical Center and New York State Psychiatric Institute (NYSPI), New York, NY 10032, USA.
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Bellani M, Dusi N, Yeh PH, Soares JC, Brambilla P. The effects of antidepressants on human brain as detected by imaging studies. Focus on major depression. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2011; 35:1544-52. [PMID: 21138750 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2010.11.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2010] [Revised: 11/26/2010] [Accepted: 11/26/2010] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Recent brain imaging studies have shed light on understanding the pathogenesis of mood disorders. Evidence of structural, chemical, and functional brain changes, particularly in prefrontal cortex, cingulate, and amygdala, has been revealed in major depressive disorder (MDD). Furthermore, imaging techniques have been applied to monitor the effects of antidepressants (ADs) both in the brains of healthy volunteers and MDD patients. Although with some discrepancies due to the differences in study designs and patient samples, imaging findings have shown that ADs, particularly those having effects on the serotonergic system, modulate the volumes, functions and biochemistry of brain structures, i.e. dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, anterior cingulate and amygdala, which have been demonstrated abnormal in MDD by earlier imaging studies. This paper reviews imaging studies conducted in MDD patients and healthy controls treated with different ADs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcella Bellani
- Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Section of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology, Inter-University Center for Behavioural Neurosciences, University of University of Verona, Verona, Italy
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Comparative pharmacology of antipsychotics possessing combined dopamine D2 and serotonin 5-HT1A receptor properties. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2011; 216:451-73. [PMID: 21394633 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-011-2247-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2010] [Accepted: 02/22/2011] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE There is increasing interest in antipsychotics intended to manage positive symptoms via D(2) receptor blockade and improve negative symptoms and cognitive deficits via 5-HT(1A) activation. Such a strategy reduces side-effects such as the extrapyramidal syndrome (EPS), weight gain, and autonomic disturbance liability. OBJECTIVE This study aims to review pharmacological literature on compounds interacting at both 5-HT(1A) and D(2) receptors (as well as at other receptors), including aripiprazole, perospirone, ziprasidone, bifeprunox, lurasidone and cariprazine, PF-217830, adoprazine, SSR181507, and F15063. METHODS We examine data on in vitro binding and agonism and in vivo tests related to (1) positive symptoms (e.g., psychostimulant-induced hyperactivity or prepulse inhibition deficit), (2) negative symptoms (e.g., phencyclidine-induced social interaction deficits and cortical dopamine release), and (3) cognitive deficits (e.g., phencyclidine or scopolamine-induced memory deficits). EPS liability is assessed by measuring catalepsy and neuroendocrine impact by determining plasma prolactin, glucose, and corticosterone levels. RESULTS Compounds possessing "balanced" 5-HT(1A) receptor agonism and D(2) antagonism (or weak partial agonism) and, in some cases, combined with other beneficial properties, such as 5-HT(2A) receptor antagonism, are efficacious in a broad range of rodent pharmacological models yet have a lower propensity to elicit EPS or metabolic dysfunction. CONCLUSIONS Recent compounds exhibiting combined 5-HT(1A)/D(2) properties may be effective in treating a broader range of symptoms of schizophrenia and be better tolerated than existing antipsychotics. Nevertheless, further investigations are necessary to evaluate recent compounds, notably in view of their differing levels of 5-HT(1A) affinity and efficacy, which can markedly influence activity and side-effect profiles.
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Paterson LM, Kornum BR, Nutt DJ, Pike VW, Knudsen GM. 5-HT radioligands for human brain imaging with PET and SPECT. Med Res Rev 2011; 33:54-111. [PMID: 21674551 DOI: 10.1002/med.20245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The serotonergic system plays a key modulatory role in the brain and is the target for many drug treatments for brain disorders either through reuptake blockade or via interactions at the 14 subtypes of 5-HT receptors. This review provides the history and current status of radioligands used for positron emission tomography (PET) and single photon emission computerized tomography (SPECT) imaging of human brain serotonin (5-HT) receptors, the 5-HT transporter (SERT), and 5-HT synthesis rate. Currently available radioligands for in vivo brain imaging of the 5-HT system in humans include antagonists for the 5-HT(1A), 5-HT(1B), 5-HT(2A), and 5-HT(4) receptors, and for SERT. Here we describe the evolution of these radioligands, along with the attempts made to develop radioligands for additional serotonergic targets. We describe the properties needed for a radioligand to become successful and the main caveats. The success of a PET or SPECT radioligand can ultimately be assessed by its frequency of use, its utility in humans, and the number of research sites using it relative to its invention date, and so these aspects are also covered. In conclusion, the development of PET and SPECT radioligands to image serotonergic targets is of high interest, and successful evaluation in humans is leading to invaluable insight into normal and abnormal brain function, emphasizing the need for continued development of both SPECT and PET radioligands for human brain imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louise M Paterson
- Neuropsychopharmacology Unit, Division of Experimental Medicine, Imperial College London, Burlington Danes Building, Du Cane Road, London, United Kingdom
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Chiotellis A, Tsoukalas C, Pelecanou M, Pirmettis I, Papadopoulos M. New 99mTc(CO)3(NNO) complexes in the development of 5HT1A receptor imaging agents. RADIOCHIM ACTA 2011. [DOI: 10.1524/ract.2011.1835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
In this work we report the synthesis, characterization and biological evaluation of two new neutral tricarbonyl fac-M(CO)3(NNO) (M=Re, 99mTc) derivatives of WAY-100635 as potential 99mTc agents for the in vivo imaging of 5HT1A receptors. The new pharmacophore NNO ligands are based on the picolylamine N,N-diacetic acid (PADA) ligand and their synthesis was achieved through the PADA anhydride, showing thus the applicability of this synthetic approach, developed in our laboratory, for the incorporation of bioactive amines in the PADA molecule and the development of target specific radiopharmaceuticals. The rhenium complexes were synthesized using [NEt4]2[Re(CO)3Br3] as a precursor and fully characterized by elemental analysis and spectroscopic methods. The analogous technetium-99m complexes were also prepared quantitatively using the [99mTc(CO)3(H2O)3]+ precursor and their structure corroborated by means of the rhenium complexes. The lipophilicity of the Tc complexes is in the range normally accepted for substances to be able to cross the BBB. Competition binding tests showed moderate affinity for the 5HT1A receptors, with IC50 values at the nanomolar range (30 and 116 nM). Biodistribution in healthy animals was characterized by high initial blood and liver uptake and fast blood and tissue depuration with excretion taking place mainly through the hepatobiliary system. None of the new complexes showed any significant brain uptake, suggesting that the ability of a compound to cross the BBB is determined by more factors than charge, lipophilicity and size.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Chiotellis
- National Centre for Scientific Research “Demokritos“, Institute of Radioisotopes - Radiodiagnostic Produ, Athens, Griechenland
| | | | - M. Pelecanou
- National Centre for Scientific Research Demokritos, Institute of Biology, Athens, Griechenland
| | - I. Pirmettis
- National Centre for Scientific Research Demokritos, Institute of Radioisotopes - Radiodiagnostic Produ, Athens, Griechenland
| | - M. Papadopoulos
- National Centre for Scientific Research Demokritos, Institute of Radioisotopes - Radiodiagnostic Produ, Athens, Griechenland
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Takano H, Ito H, Takahashi H, Arakawa R, Okumura M, Kodaka F, Otsuka T, Kato M, Suhara T. Serotonergic neurotransmission in the living human brain: A positron emission tomography study using [11C]dasb and [11C]WAY100635 in young healthy men. Synapse 2011; 65:624-33. [DOI: 10.1002/syn.20883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2010] [Accepted: 11/10/2010] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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In vivo serotonin-sensitive binding of [11C]CUMI-101: a serotonin 1A receptor agonist positron emission tomography radiotracer. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2011; 31:243-9. [PMID: 20571518 PMCID: PMC3049488 DOI: 10.1038/jcbfm.2010.83] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Positron emission tomography studies of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT)(1A) receptors have hitherto been limited to antagonist radiotracers. Antagonists do not distinguish high/low-affinity conformations of G protein-coupled receptors and are less likely to be sensitive to intrasynaptic serotonin levels. We developed a novel 5-HT(1A) agonist radiotracer [(11)C]CUMI-101. This study evaluates the sensitivity of [(11)C]CUMI-101 binding to increases in intrasynaptic serotonin induced by intravenous citalopram and fenfluramine. Two Papio anubis were scanned, using [(11)C]CUMI-101 intravenous bolus of 4.5 ± 1.5 mCi. Binding potential (BP(F)=B(avail)/K(D)) was measured before (n=10) and 20 minutes after elevation of intrasynaptic serotonin by intravenous citalopram (2 mg/kg, n=3; 4 mg/kg, n=3) and fenfluramine (2.5 mg/kg, n=3) using a metabolite-corrected arterial input function. Occupancy was also estimated by the Lassen graphical approach. Both citalopram and fenfluramine effects were significant for BP(F) (P=0.031, P=0.049, respectively). The Lassen approach estimated 15.0, 30.4, and 23.7% average occupancy after citalopram 2 mg/kg, 4 mg/kg, and fenfluramine 2.5 mg/kg, respectively. [(11)C]CUMI-101 binding is sensitive to a large increase in intrasynaptic serotonin in response to robust pharmacological challenges. These modest changes in BP(F) may make it unlikely that this ligand will detect changes in intrasynaptic 5-HT under physiologic conditions; future work will focus on evaluating its utility in measuring the responsiveness of the 5-HT system to pharmacological challenges.
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Wooten DW, Moraino JD, Hillmer AT, Engle JW, Dejesus OJ, Murali D, Barnhart TE, Nickles RJ, Davidson RJ, Schneider ML, Mukherjee J, Christian BT. In vivo kinetics of [F-18]MEFWAY: a comparison with [C-11]WAY100635 and [F-18]MPPF in the nonhuman primate. Synapse 2010; 65:592-600. [PMID: 21484878 DOI: 10.1002/syn.20878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2010] [Accepted: 09/27/2010] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED [F-18]Mefway was developed to provide an F-18 labeled positron emission tomography (PET) neuroligand with high affinity for the serotonin 5-HT(1A) receptor to improve the in vivo assessment of the 5-HT(1A) system. The goal of this work was to compare the in vivo kinetics of [F-18]mefway, [F-18]MPPF, and [C-11]WAY100635 in the rhesus monkey. METHODS Each of four monkeys were given bolus injections of [F-18]mefway, [C-11]WAY100635, and [F-18]MPPF and scans were acquired with a microPET P4 scanner. Arterial blood was sampled to assay parent compound throughout the time course of the PET experiment. Time activity curves were extracted in the high 5-HT(1A) binding areas of the anterior cingulate cortex (ACG), mesial temporal cortex, raphe nuclei, and insula cortex. Time activity curves were also extracted in the cerebellum, which was used as a reference region. The in vivo kinetics of the radiotracers were compared based on the nondisplaceable distribution volume (V(ND) ) and binding potential (BP(ND) ). RESULTS At 30 min, the fraction of radioactivity in the plasma due to parent compound was 19%, 28%, and 29% and cleared from the arterial plasma at rates of 0.0031, 0.0078, and 0.0069 (min⁻¹) ([F-18]mefway, [F-18]MPPF, [C-11]WAY100635). The BP(ND) in the brain regions were mesial temporal cortex: 7.4 ± 0.6, 3.1 ± 0.4, 7.0 ± 1.2, ACG: 7.2 ± 1.2, 2.1 ± 0.2, 7.9 ± 1.2; raphe nuclei: 3.7 ± 0.6, 1.3 ± 0.3, 3.3 ± 0.7; and insula cortex: 4.2 ± 0.6, 1.2 ± 0.1, 4.7 ± 1.0 for [F-18]mefway, [F-18]MPPF, and [C-11]WAY100635 respectively. CONCLUSIONS In the rhesus monkey, [F-18]mefway has similar in vivo kinetics to [C-11]WAY100635 and yields greater than 2-fold higher BP(ND) than [F-18]MPPF. These properties make [F-18]mefway a promising radiotracer for 5-HT(1A) assay, providing higher counting statistics and a greater dynamic range in BP(ND).
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Affiliation(s)
- D W Wooten
- Department of Medical Physics, Harlow Primate Center, Waisman Laboratory for Brain Imaging and Behavior, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53593, USA
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Central serotonin 1A receptor binding in temporal lobe epilepsy: a [carbonyl-(11)C]WAY-100635 PET study. Epilepsy Behav 2010; 19:467-73. [PMID: 20850389 DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2010.07.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2010] [Revised: 07/16/2010] [Accepted: 07/28/2010] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
We performed positron emission tomography using [carbonyl-(11)C]WAY-100635, a serotonin 1A (5-HT(1A)) receptor antagonist, in 13 patients with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) and in 13 controls. 5-HT(1A) receptor distribution mapping allowed correct lateralization of the epileptogenic temporal lobe in all patients. 5-HT(1A) receptor binding potential (BP(ND)) was significantly reduced in almost all temporal regions of the epileptogenic lobe. Compared with controls, the patients had significantly decreased BP(ND) values in the hippocampus, parahippocampal gyrus, and amygdala. The asymmetry index (AI), which characterizes the interhemispheric asymmetry in BP(ND), was significantly higher in patients than in controls in most regions. Depression scores were not significantly correlated with BP(ND) or AI values. Our data provide further evidence of functional changes in the serotonergic system in TLE. Molecular imaging of the 5-HT(1A) receptor may help to define the in vivo neurochemistry of TLE, and may provide a valuable tool in the noninvasive presurgical assessment of patients with medically refractory TLE.
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Abstract
Molecular in vivo neuroimaging techniques can be used to measure regional changes in endogenous neurotransmitters, evoked by challenges that alter synaptic neurotransmitter concentration. This technique has most successfully been applied to the study of endogenous dopamine release using positron emission tomography, but has not yet been adequately extended to other neurotransmitter systems. This review focuses on how the technique has been applied to the study of the 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) system. The principles behind visualising fluctuations in neurotransmitters are introduced, with reference to the dopaminergic system. Studies that aim to image acute, endogenous 5-HT release or depletion at 5-HT receptor targets are summarised, with particular attention to studies in humans. Radiotracers targeting the 5-HT(1A), 5-HT(2A), and 5-HT(4) receptors and the serotonin reuptake transporter have been explored for their sensitivity to 5-HT fluctuations, but with mixed outcomes; tracers for these targets cannot reliably image endogenous 5-HT in humans. Shortcomings in our basic knowledge of the mechanisms underlying changes in binding potential are addressed, and suggestions are made as to how the selection of targets, radiotracers, challenge paradigms, and experimental design might be optimised to improve our chances of successfully imaging endogenous neurotransmitters in the future.
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Medeiros LR, Mager EM, Grosell M, McDonald MD. The serotonin subtype 1A receptor regulates cortisol secretion in the Gulf toadfish, Opsanus beta. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2010; 168:377-87. [PMID: 20488186 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2010.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2009] [Revised: 02/26/2010] [Accepted: 05/12/2010] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
It is well established that serotonin (5-HT; 5-hydroxytryptamine) plays a role in mammalian regulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis via the 5-HT receptor subtype 1A (5-HT(1A)). To date, there has not been a comprehensive investigation of the molecular, pharmacological and physiological aspects of the 5-HT(1A) receptor and its role in the activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-interrenal (HPI) axis in teleost fish. The 5-HT(1A) receptor of the Gulf toadfish (Opsanus beta) was cloned and sequenced, showing 67.5% amino acid similarity to the human homologue. The 5-HT(1A) receptor was distributed throughout the brain, with the whole brain containing significantly higher levels of 5-HT(1A) mRNA compared to all other tissues and the midbrain/diencephalon region containing significantly higher levels of transcript than any other brain region. Substantial levels of transcript were also found in the pituitary, while very low levels were in the kidney that contains the interrenal cells. Xenopus oocytes injected with toadfish 5-HT(1A) receptor cRNA displayed significantly higher binding of [(3)H]5-HT that was abolished by the mammalian 5-HT(1A) receptor agonist, 8-OH-DPAT, indicating a conserved binding site of the toadfish 5-HT(1A) receptor and a high specificity for the agonist. Supporting this, binding of [(3)H]5-HT was not affected by the mammalian 5-HT(1B) receptor agonist, 5-nonyloxytryptamine, the 5-HT(7) receptor antagonist, SB269970, or the 5-HT(2) receptor agonist, alpha-methylserotonin. Confirming these molecular and pharmacological findings, intravenous injection of 8-OH-DPAT stimulated the HPI axis to cause a 2-fold increase in circulating levels of cortisol. The present study of the 5-HT(1A) receptor in a single teleost species illustrates the high conservation of this 5-HT receptor amongst vertebrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lea R Medeiros
- Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33149-1098, USA.
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Choi JY, Kim CH, Kim JY, Ha HJ, Ryu YH. An Efficient Synthesis of trans-N-{2-[4-(2-Methoxyphenyl)piperazinyl]ethyl}-N-(2-pyridyl)-N-(4-tosyloxymethylcyclohexane)carboxamide, A Precursor of [18. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2010. [DOI: 10.5012/bkcs.2010.31.8.2371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Pharmacological, neurochemical, and behavioral profile of JB-788, a new 5-HT1A agonist. Neuroscience 2010; 169:1337-46. [PMID: 20580787 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2010.05.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2010] [Revised: 05/12/2010] [Accepted: 05/16/2010] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A novel pyridine derivative, 8-{4-[(6-methoxy-2,3-dihydro-[1,4]dioxino[2,3-b]pyridine-3-ylmethyl)-amino]-butyl}-8-aza-spiro[4.5]decane-7,9-dione hydrochloride, termed JB-788, was designed to selectively target 5-HT(1A) receptors. In the present study, the pharmacological profile of JB-788 was characterized in vitro using radioligands binding tests and in vivo using neurochemical and behavioural experiments. JB-788 bound tightly to human 5-HT(1A) receptor expressed in human embryonic kidney 293 (HEK-293) cells with a K(i) value of 0.8 nM. Its binding affinity is in the same range as that observed for the (+/-)8-OH-DPAT, a reference 5HT(1A) agonist compound. Notably, JB-788 only bound weakly to 5-HT(1B) or 5-HT(2A) receptors and moreover the drug displayed only weak or indetectable binding to muscarinic, alpha(2), beta(1) and beta(2) adrenergic receptors, or dopaminergic D(1) receptors. JB-788 was found to display substantial binding affinity for dopaminergic D(2) receptors and, to a lesser extend to alpha(1) adrenoreceptors. JB-788 dose-dependently decreased forskolin-induced cAMP accumulation in HEK cells expressing human 5-HT(1A), thus acting as a potent 5-HT(1A) receptor agonist (E(max.) 75%, EC(50) 3.5 nM). JB-788 did not exhibit any D(2) receptor agonism but progressively inhibited the effects of quinpirole, a D(2) receptor agonist, in the cAMP accumulation test with a K(i) value of 250 nM. JB-788 induced a weak change in cAMP levels in mouse brain but, like some antipsychotics, transiently increased glycogen contents in various brain regions. Behavioral effects were investigated in mice using the elevated plus-maze. JB-788 was found to increase the time duration spent by animals in anxiogenic situations. Locomotor hyperactivity induced by methamphetamine in mouse, a model of antipsychotic activity, was dose-dependently inhibited by JB-788. Altogether, these results suggest that JB-788 displays pharmacological properties, which could be of interest in the area of anxiolytic and antipsychotic drugs.
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Lemoine L, Verdurand M, Vacher B, Blanc E, Le Bars D, Newman-Tancredi A, Zimmer L. [18F]F15599, a novel 5-HT1A receptor agonist, as a radioligand for PET neuroimaging. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2009; 37:594-605. [PMID: 19789870 DOI: 10.1007/s00259-009-1274-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2009] [Accepted: 08/24/2009] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The serotonin-1A (5-HT(1A)) receptor is implicated in the pathophysiology of major neuropsychiatric disorders. Thus, the functional imaging of 5-HT(1A) receptors by positron emission tomography (PET) may contribute to the understanding of its role in those pathologies and their therapeutics. These receptors exist in high- and low-affinity states and it is proposed that agonists bind preferentially to the high-affinity state of the receptor and therefore could provide a measure of the functional 5-HT(1A) receptors. Since all clinical PET 5-HT(1A) radiopharmaceuticals are antagonists, it is of great interest to develop a( 18)F labelled agonist. METHODS F15599 (3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl-(4-fluoro-4{[(5-methyl-pyrimidin-2-ylmethyl)-amino]-methyl}-piperidin-1-yl)-methanone) is a novel ligand with high affinity and selectivity for 5-HT(1A) receptors and is currently tested as an antidepressant. In pharmacological tests in rat, it exhibits preferential agonist activity at post-synaptic 5-HT(1A) receptors in cortical brain regions. Here, its nitro-precursor was synthesised and radiolabelled via a fluoronucleophilic substitution. Radiopharmacological evaluations included in vitro and ex vivo autoradiography in rat brain and PET scans on rats and cats. Results were compared with simultaneous studies using [(18)F]MPPF, a validated 5-HT(1A) antagonist radiopharmaceutical. RESULTS The chemical and radiochemical purities of [(18)F]F15599 were >98%. In vitro [(18)F]F15599 binding was consistent with the known 5-HT(1A) receptors distribution (hippocampus, dorsal raphe nucleus, and notably cortical areas) and addition of Gpp(NH)p inhibited [(18)F]F15599 binding, consistent with a specific binding to G protein-coupled receptors. In vitro binding of [(18)F]F15599 was blocked by WAY100635 and 8-OH-DPAT, respectively, prototypical 5-HT(1A) antagonist and agonist. The ex vivo and in vivo studies demonstrated that the radiotracer readily entered the rat and the cat brain and generated few brain radioactive metabolites. Remarkably, in microPET studies, [(18)F]F15599 notably displayed a pattern of brain labelling that did not correlate with in vitro observations. Thus, in cat, the highest binding was observed in dorsal raphe and cingulate cortex with little binding in other cortical regions and none in hippocampus. In vivo binding was abolished by WAY100635, indicating specific labelling of 5-HT(1A) receptors. CONCLUSION [(18)F]F15599 is a radiofluorinated agonist presenting interesting characteristics for probing in vitro and in vivo the high-affinity states of the 5-HT(1A) receptors. Its differential labelling of 5-HT(1A) receptors in vitro and in vivo may result from its reported preferential interaction with receptors coupled to specific G-protein subtypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laëtitia Lemoine
- Laboratory of Neuropharmacology, Université de Lyon, EAC CNRS 5006, Lyon, France
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Wang T, Zhang QJ, Liu J, Wu ZH, Wang S. Firing activity of locus coeruleus noradrenergic neurons increases in a rodent model of Parkinsonism. Neurosci Bull 2009; 25:15-20. [PMID: 19190684 DOI: 10.1007/s12264-009-1023-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the changes in the firing activity of noradrenergic neurons in the locus coeruleus (LC) in a rat model of Parkinson disease (PD). METHODS 2 and 4 weeks after unilateral lesion of the nigrostriatal pathway in the rat by local injection of 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) into the right substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc), the firing activity of noradrenergic neurons in LC was recorded by extracellular single unit recording. RESULTS The firing rate of LC noradrenergic neurons increased significantly 2 and 4 weeks after 6-OHDA lesions compared to normal rats, respectively (P < 0.05). The percentage of irregularly firing neurons was obviously higher than that of normal rats during the fourth week after SNc lesion (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION LC noradrenergic neurons are overactive and more irregular in 6-OHDA-lesioned rats. These changes suggest an implication of the LC in the pathophysiological mechanism of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Wang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Xioan Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
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Novel 99mTc(CO) 3Complexes with WAY-100635 Moiety for the Development of 5-HT 1AReceptor lmaging Agent. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2009. [DOI: 10.5012/bkcs.2009.30.5.1107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Leopoldo M, Lacivita E, De Giorgio P, Contino M, Berardi F, Perrone R. Design, synthesis, and binding affinities of potential positron emission tomography (PET) ligands with optimal lipophilicity for brain imaging of the dopamine D3 receptor. Part II. Bioorg Med Chem 2009; 17:758-66. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2008.11.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2008] [Revised: 11/13/2008] [Accepted: 11/15/2008] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Boecker H, Henriksen G, Sprenger T, Miederer I, Willoch F, Valet M, Berthele A, Tölle TR. Positron emission tomography ligand activation studies in the sports sciences: Measuring neurochemistry in vivo. Methods 2008; 45:307-18. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ymeth.2008.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2008] [Revised: 06/28/2008] [Accepted: 07/03/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
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