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Manková D, Švancarová S, Štenclová E. Does the feeding method affect the quality of infant and maternal sleep? A systematic review. Infant Behav Dev 2023; 73:101868. [PMID: 37572515 DOI: 10.1016/j.infbeh.2023.101868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/14/2023]
Abstract
Breastfeeding brings many benefits to both mother and infant. Although, many women stop breastfeeding their infants too soon. The perceived association between breastfeeding and sleep may influence their decision to terminate breastfeeding. In our systematic review, we focused on mapping the relationship between infant feeding method and total sleep time (TST), number of nocturnal awakenings, awakenings after sleep onset (WASO) of mothers and infants and sleep quality of mothers. We searched four databases according to selected keywords and inclusion criteria - articles published in peer-reviewed journals between 2012 and 2022; English language; a sample consisting of mothers, infants, or both (without psychiatric and health problems); a comparison of the sleep quality of breastfed and formula-fed children or breastfeeding and formula-fed mothers. We read 260 full texts of selected articles. A total of 35 articles were included in this review. Due to significant heterogeneity, meta-analysis was not possible to accomplish. The results are processed according to narrative synthesis. Most studies agree that breastfed infants wake up more often at night. Total sleep time and time spent awake during the night (WASO) did not differ between breastfed and non-breastfed infants. We observed identical results in sleep variables among mothers. Additionally, there was no difference in maternal sleep quality. The synthesis revealed that the results may have differed due to using subjective, objective methods or the infant's age. It is important to remember that night waking is a more complex concept. Infants wake for many reasons, not just due to breastfeeding. The narrative synthesis indicated that the chosen study design, measurement method, the variables, and the infant's age could influence outcomes. In addition, other variables appeared that may affect the entire process. Therefore, we recommend that attention be paid to this in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denisa Manková
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Arts, Palacký University Olomouc, Czech Republic.
| | - Soňa Švancarová
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Arts, Palacký University Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Eliška Štenclová
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Arts, Palacký University Olomouc, Czech Republic
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2
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Lenehan SM, Fogarty L, O’Connor C, Mathieson S, Boylan GB. The Architecture of Early Childhood Sleep Over the First Two Years. Matern Child Health J 2023; 27:226-250. [PMID: 36586054 PMCID: PMC9925493 DOI: 10.1007/s10995-022-03545-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The architecture and function of sleep during infancy and early childhood has not been fully described in the scientific literature. The impact of early sleep disruption on cognitive and physical development is also under-studied. The aim of this review was to investigate early childhood sleep development over the first two years and its association with neurodevelopment. METHODS This review was conducted according to the 2009 PRISMA guidelines. Four databases (OVID Medline, Pubmed, CINAHL, and Web of Science) were searched according to predefined search terms. RESULTS Ninety-three studies with approximately 90,000 subjects from demographically diverse backgrounds were included in this review. Sleep is the predominant state at birth. There is an increase in NREM and a decrease in REM sleep during the first two years. Changes in sleep architecture occur in tandem with development. There are more studies exploring sleep and early infancy compared to mid and late infancy and early childhood. DISCUSSION Sleep is critical for memory, learning, and socio-emotional development. Future longitudinal studies in infants and young children should focus on sleep architecture at each month of life to establish the emergence of key characteristics, especially from 7-24 months of age, during periods of rapid neurodevelopmental progress.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Leanna Fogarty
- INFANT Research Centre, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Cathal O’Connor
- INFANT Research Centre, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Sean Mathieson
- INFANT Research Centre, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
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3
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Using complexity science to understand the role of co-sleeping (bedsharing) in mother-infant co-regulatory processes. Infant Behav Dev 2022; 67:101723. [PMID: 35594598 DOI: 10.1016/j.infbeh.2022.101723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Human infants spend most of their time sleeping, but over the first few years of life their sleep becomes regulated to coincide more closely with adult sleep (Galland et al., 2012; Paavonen et al., 2020). Evidence shows that co-sleeping played a role in the evolution of infant sleep regulation, as it is part of an ancient behavioral complex representing the biopsychosocial microenvironment in which human infants co-evolved with their mothers through millions of years of human history (Ball, 2003; McKenna 1986, 1990). This paper is a conceptual, interdisciplinary, integration of the literature on mother-infant co-sleeping and other mother-infant co-regulatory processes from an evolutionary (biological) perspective, using complexity science. Viewing the mother-infant dyad as a "complex adaptive system" (CAS) shows how the CAS fits assumptions of regulatory processes and reveals the role of the CAS in the ontogeny of mother-infant co-regulation of physiological (thermoregulation, breathing, circadian rhythm coordination, nighttime synchrony, and heart rate variability) and socioemotional (attachment and cortisol activity) development.
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Barry ES, McKenna JJ. Reasons mothers bedshare: A review of its effects on infant behavior and development. Infant Behav Dev 2021; 66:101684. [PMID: 34929477 DOI: 10.1016/j.infbeh.2021.101684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Revised: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Bedsharing is controversial for nighttime caregiving in the U.S. today, as in most of the West. However, from the standpoint of evolutionary pediatrics, anthropology, and cultural psychology, bedsharing is not controversial at all, representing the context for human infant evolution and conferring a host of physiological benefits to the infant as well as the mother. In an effort to understand the rise in Western bedsharing in recent decades (and following Ball, 2002; McKenna & Volpe, 2007), Salm Ward (2015) systematically reviewed the literature on mother-infant bedsharing and identified ten reasons why mothers choose to bedshare: (1) breastfeeding, (2) comforting for mother or infant, (3) better/more sleep for infant or parent, (4) monitoring, (5) bonding/ attachment, (6) environmental reasons, (7) crying, (8) cultural or familial traditions, (9) disagree with danger, and (10) maternal instinct. The current paper offers the "review behind the review," highlighting the scientific evidence behind the reasons mothers give for their decision to bedshare, focusing on how mothers' decisions about infant sleep location influence infant behavior and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elaine S Barry
- Human Development & Family Studies, The Pennsylvania State University, Fayette, The Eberly Campus, USA.
| | - James J McKenna
- Mother-Baby Sleep Lab, Department of Anthropology, University of Notre Dame, South Bend, IN, USA; Department of Anthropology, Santa Clara University, Santa Clara, CA, USA
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Fu X, Lovell AL, Braakhuis AJ, Mithen RF, Wall CR. Type of Milk Feeding and Introduction to Complementary Foods in Relation to Infant Sleep: A Systematic Review. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13114105. [PMID: 34836365 PMCID: PMC8625541 DOI: 10.3390/nu13114105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Revised: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Inconsistent conclusions from infant sleep and feeding studies may influence parents feeding-related decisions. This study aimed to systematically review the existing literature on infant sleep and its relation to the timing of introduction to complementary foods and type of milk feeding to better understand their role(s) in infant sleep. Cohort, longitudinal, cross-sectional studies, and controlled trials were identified using online searches of five databases up to April 2020. Twenty-one articles with a total of 6225 infants under 12 months-of-age were eligible. Exclusively breastfed infants (≤6 months-of-age) had a greater number of night wakings, but most studies (67%) reported no difference in night-time and 24 h sleep duration compared to formula-fed infants. However, after 6 months-of-age, most studies (>65%) reported breastfed infants to sleep less in the night-time and over 24 h compared to formula-fed infants. Furthermore, studies reported no association between the timing of introduction to complementary foods and infant sleep duration (<12 months-of-age). Future studies using standardized methodologies and definitions, transdisciplinary expertise, and longitudinal design are required to better understand the complex role of feeding on sleep.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxi Fu
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland 1142, New Zealand; (X.F.); (A.L.L.); (A.J.B.)
| | - Amy L. Lovell
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland 1142, New Zealand; (X.F.); (A.L.L.); (A.J.B.)
| | - Andrea J. Braakhuis
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland 1142, New Zealand; (X.F.); (A.L.L.); (A.J.B.)
| | - Richard F. Mithen
- The Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland 1142, New Zealand;
| | - Clare R. Wall
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland 1142, New Zealand; (X.F.); (A.L.L.); (A.J.B.)
- Correspondence:
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6
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Schoch SF, Kurth S, Werner H. Actigraphy in sleep research with infants and young children: Current practices and future benefits of standardized reporting. J Sleep Res 2021; 30:e13134. [PMID: 32638500 PMCID: PMC8244022 DOI: 10.1111/jsr.13134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Revised: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Actigraphy is a cost-efficient method to estimate sleep-wake patterns over long periods in natural settings. However, the lack of methodological standards in actigraphy research complicates the generalization of outcomes. A rapidly growing methodological diversity is visible in the field, which increasingly necessitates the detailed reporting of methodology. We address this problem and evaluate the current state of the art and recent methodological developments in actigraphy reporting with a special focus on infants and young children. Through a systematic literature search on PubMed (keywords: sleep, actigraphy, child *, preschool, children, infant), we identified 126 recent articles (published since 2012), which were classified and evaluated for reporting of actigraphy. Results show that all studies report on the number of days/nights the actigraph was worn. Reporting was good with respect to device model, placement and sleep diary, whereas reporting was worse for epoch length, algorithm, artefact identification, data loss and definition of variables. In the studies with infants only (n = 58), the majority of articles (62.1%) reported a recording of actigraphy that was continuous across 24 hr. Of these, 23 articles (63.9%) analysed the continuous 24-hr data and merely a fifth used actigraphy to quantify daytime sleep. In comparison with an evaluation in 2012, we observed small improvements in reporting of actigraphy methodology. We propose stricter adherence to standards in reporting methodology in order to streamline actigraphy research with infants and young children, to improve comparability and to facilitate big data ventures in the sleep community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah F. Schoch
- Department of PulmonologyUniversity Hospital ZurichZurichSwitzerland
| | - Salome Kurth
- Department of PulmonologyUniversity Hospital ZurichZurichSwitzerland
- Department of PsychologyUniversity of FribourgFribourgSwitzerland
| | - Helene Werner
- Psychosomatics and PsychiatryUniversity Children’s HospitalZurichSwitzerland
- Division of Child and Adolescent Health PsychologyInstitute of PsychologyUniversity of ZurichZürichSwitzerland
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Nakagawa M, Ohta H, Shimabukuro R, Asaka Y, Nakazawa T, Oishi Y, Hirata M, Ando A, Ikeda T, Yoshimura Y, Mitani Y, Kaneshi Y, Morioka K, Fukutomi R, Kobayashi K, Ozawa M, Takeshima M, Mishima K, Kikuchi M, Cho K, Yoda H, Kusakawa I. Daytime nap and nighttime breastfeeding are associated with toddlers' nighttime sleep. Sci Rep 2021; 11:3028. [PMID: 33542276 PMCID: PMC7862350 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-81970-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of the present study is to examine the association between toddlers' sleep arrangements and their nighttime sleep duration and other sleep variables. For this investigation, we performed a study in which child activity and sleep levels were recorded using actigraphy. The parents of 1.5-year-old toddlers (n = 106) were asked to attach an actigraphy unit to their child’s waist with an adjustable elastic belt and complete a sleep diary for 7 consecutive days. Questionnaires were used to assess the sleep arrangements of the toddlers. There was a significant negative correlation between nap duration and nighttime sleep duration, suggesting that longer nap sleep induces shorter nighttime sleep duration. Among the sleep arrangements, such as nighttime breastfeeding or co-sleeping, only nighttime breastfeeding predicted shorter nighttime sleep duration. Our findings indicate that shorter naps induce a longer nighttime sleep in 1.5-year-old toddlers while nighttime breastfeeding decreases their nighttime sleep duration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Machiko Nakagawa
- Department of Pediatrics, St. Luke's International Hospital, 9-1 Akashi-cho, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-8560, Japan.,Pediatric Nursing, Graduate School of Nursing Science, St. Luke's International University, 10-1 Akashi-cho, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0044, Japan.,Department of Neonatology, Toho University Omori Medical Center, 6-11-1 Omori-nishi, Ota-ku, Tokyo, 143-8541, Japan
| | - Hidenobu Ohta
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Hondo 1-1-1, Akita, Akita, 010-8543, Japan. .,Department of Sleep-Wake Disorders, National Institute of Mental Health, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, 4-1-1 Ogawa-higashi-cho, Kodaira, Tokyo, 187-8553, Japan. .,Department of Psychiatry, Asai Hospital, 38-1 Togane, Chiba, 283-0062, Japan.
| | - Rinshu Shimabukuro
- Department of Pediatrics, St. Luke's International Hospital, 9-1 Akashi-cho, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-8560, Japan
| | - Yoko Asaka
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, N12, W5, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-0812, Japan
| | - Takayo Nakazawa
- Maternity and Perinatal Care Center, Hokkaido University Hospital, N15, W7, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-8638, Japan
| | - Yoshihisa Oishi
- Department of Pediatrics, Japanese Red Cross Medical Center, 4-1-22 Hiroo, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo, 150-8935, Japan
| | - Michio Hirata
- Department of Pediatrics, St. Luke's International Hospital, 9-1 Akashi-cho, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-8560, Japan
| | - Akiko Ando
- Maternity and Perinatal Care Center, Hokkaido University Hospital, N15, W7, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-8638, Japan
| | - Takashi Ikeda
- Research Center for Child Mental Development, Kanazawa University, 13-1 Takara-machi, Kanazawa, 920-8640, Japan
| | - Yuko Yoshimura
- Research Center for Child Mental Development, Kanazawa University, 13-1 Takara-machi, Kanazawa, 920-8640, Japan.,Institute of Human and Social Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa, 921-1192, Japan
| | - Yusuke Mitani
- Department of Pediatrics, Kanazawa University, 13-1 Takara-machi, Kanazawa, 920-8640, Japan
| | - Yousuke Kaneshi
- Maternity and Perinatal Care Center, Hokkaido University Hospital, N15, W7, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-8638, Japan
| | - Keita Morioka
- Maternity and Perinatal Care Center, Hokkaido University Hospital, N15, W7, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-8638, Japan
| | - Rika Fukutomi
- Pediatric Nursing, Graduate School of Nursing Science, St. Luke's International University, 10-1 Akashi-cho, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0044, Japan
| | - Kyoko Kobayashi
- Pediatric Nursing, Graduate School of Nursing Science, St. Luke's International University, 10-1 Akashi-cho, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0044, Japan
| | - Miwa Ozawa
- Department of Pediatrics, St. Luke's International Hospital, 9-1 Akashi-cho, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-8560, Japan
| | - Masahiro Takeshima
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Hondo 1-1-1, Akita, Akita, 010-8543, Japan
| | - Kazuo Mishima
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Hondo 1-1-1, Akita, Akita, 010-8543, Japan
| | - Mitsuru Kikuchi
- Research Center for Child Mental Development, Kanazawa University, 13-1 Takara-machi, Kanazawa, 920-8640, Japan
| | - Kazutoshi Cho
- Maternity and Perinatal Care Center, Hokkaido University Hospital, N15, W7, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-8638, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Yoda
- Department of Neonatology, Toho University Omori Medical Center, 6-11-1 Omori-nishi, Ota-ku, Tokyo, 143-8541, Japan
| | - Isao Kusakawa
- Department of Pediatrics, St. Luke's International Hospital, 9-1 Akashi-cho, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-8560, Japan.,Pediatric Nursing, Graduate School of Nursing Science, St. Luke's International University, 10-1 Akashi-cho, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0044, Japan
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8
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Abstract
The human need for sleep is universal and unquestioned; however, humans vary in their sleep needs according to age, individual differences, as well as cultural and social norms and practices. Therefore, what is “normal” in infant sleep and the development of sleep architecture in humans is highly dependent on biological and sociocultural variables as well as socially constructed assumptions about what infant sleep “should” look like. This paper uses a multidisciplinary approach to review papers from fields including pediatrics, anthropology, psychology, medicine, and sociology to understand “normal” infant sleep. Because human culture and behavioral practice changes much more quickly than evolved human biology, and because human evolutionary history occurred in the context of breastfeeding and cosleeping, new work in the field of infant sleep architecture development would benefit from a multidisciplinary approach. To come to a consensus about what is “normal” infant sleep, researchers must agree on underlying basic assumptions of infant sleep from which to ask question and interpret findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elaine S. Barry
- Human Development and Family Studies, Penn State Fayette, The Eberly Campus, Lemont Furnace, PA, USA
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9
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Liang Z, Chapa-Martell MA. Accuracy of Fitbit Wristbands in Measuring Sleep Stage Transitions and the Effect of User-Specific Factors. JMIR Mhealth Uhealth 2019; 7:e13384. [PMID: 31172956 PMCID: PMC6592508 DOI: 10.2196/13384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2019] [Revised: 04/04/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND It has become possible for the new generation of consumer wristbands to classify sleep stages based on multisensory data. Several studies have validated the accuracy of one of the latest models, that is, Fitbit Charge 2, in measuring polysomnographic parameters, including total sleep time, wake time, sleep efficiency (SE), and the ratio of each sleep stage. Nevertheless, its accuracy in measuring sleep stage transitions remains unknown. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to examine the accuracy of Fitbit Charge 2 in measuring transition probabilities among wake, light sleep, deep sleep, and rapid eye movement (REM) sleep under free-living conditions. The secondary goal was to investigate the effect of user-specific factors, including demographic information and sleep pattern on measurement accuracy. METHODS A Fitbit Charge 2 and a medical device were used concurrently to measure a whole night's sleep in participants' homes. Sleep stage transition probabilities were derived from sleep hypnograms. Measurement errors were obtained by comparing the data obtained by Fitbit with those obtained by the medical device. Paired 2-tailed t test and Bland-Altman plots were used to examine the agreement of Fitbit to the medical device. Wilcoxon signed-rank test was performed to investigate the effect of user-specific factors. RESULTS Sleep data were collected from 23 participants. Sleep stage transition probabilities measured by Fitbit Charge 2 significantly deviated from those measured by the medical device, except for the transition probability from deep sleep to wake, from light sleep to REM sleep, and the probability of staying in REM sleep. Bland-Altman plots demonstrated that systematic bias ranged from 0% to 60%. Fitbit had the tendency of overestimating the probability of staying in a sleep stage while underestimating the probability of transiting to another stage. SE>90% (P=.047) was associated with significant increase in measurement error. Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI)<5 and wake after sleep onset (WASO)<30 min could be associated to significantly decreased or increased errors, depending on the outcome sleep metrics. CONCLUSIONS Our analysis shows that Fitbit Charge 2 underestimated sleep stage transition dynamics compared with the medical device. Device accuracy may be significantly affected by perceived sleep quality (PSQI), WASO, and SE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zilu Liang
- School of Engineering, Kyoto University of Advanced Science, Kyoto, Japan
- Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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10
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Liang Z, Chapa Martell MA. Validity of Consumer Activity Wristbands and Wearable EEG for Measuring Overall Sleep Parameters and Sleep Structure in Free-Living Conditions. JOURNAL OF HEALTHCARE INFORMATICS RESEARCH 2018; 2:152-178. [PMID: 35415400 PMCID: PMC8982823 DOI: 10.1007/s41666-018-0013-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2017] [Revised: 01/10/2018] [Accepted: 01/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Consumer sleep tracking technologies offer an unobtrusive and cost-efficient way to monitor sleep in free-living conditions. Technological advances in hardware and software have significantly improved the functionality of the new gadgets that recently appeared in the market. However, whether the latest gadgets can provide valid measurements on overall sleep parameters and sleep structure such as deep and REM sleep has not been examined. In this study, we aimed to investigate the validity of the latest consumer sleep tracking devices including an activity wristband Fitbit Charge 2 and a wearable EEG-based eye mask Neuroon in comparison to a medical sleep monitor. First, we confirmed that Fitbit Charge 2 can automatically detect the onset and offset of sleep with reasonable accuracy. Second, analysis found that both consumer devices produced comparable results in measuring total sleep duration and sleep efficiency compared to the medical device. In addition, Fitbit accurately measured the number of awakenings, while Neuroon with good signal quality had satisfactory performance on total awake time and sleep onset latency. However, measuring sleep structure including light, deep, and REM sleep remains to be challenging for both consumer devices. Third, greater discrepancies were observed between Neuroon and the medical device in nights with more disrupted sleep and when the signal quality was poor, but no trend was observed in Fitbit Charge 2. This study suggests that current consumer sleep tracking technologies may be immature for diagnosing sleep disorders, but they are reasonably satisfactory for general purpose and non-clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zilu Liang
- The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8656 Japan
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11
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Effects of night-time on-call work on heart rate variability before bed and sleep quality in visiting nurses. Int Arch Occup Environ Health 2018; 91:695-704. [DOI: 10.1007/s00420-018-1317-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2017] [Accepted: 05/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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12
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Galbally M, Spigset O, Johnson AR, Kohan R, Lappas M, Lewis AJ. Neonatal adaptation following intrauterine antidepressant exposure: assessment, drug assay levels, and infant development outcomes. Pediatr Res 2017; 82:806-813. [PMID: 28665925 DOI: 10.1038/pr.2017.156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2017] [Accepted: 06/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
BackgroundAlthough a meta-analysis has confirmed the association between antidepressant exposure in utero and subsequent poor neonatal adaptation, few identified studies included drug levels or standardized measures and only two studies followed up children who developed symptoms beyond infancy.MethodsThe study draws on the Mercy Pregnancy and Emotional Wellbeing Study and reports on 42 women/infant pairs at delivery. In all, 31 women continued to take antidepressants until delivery and 11 ceased earlier in pregnancy. Poor neonatal adaptation was assessed twice daily for up to 6 days by using the Neonatal Abstinence Scoring System (NASS). Drug levels were analyzed in umbilical cord blood and maternal blood obtained at delivery.ResultsIn total, 76% (32 of 42) of neonates exposed to antidepressants had symptoms observed on the NASS. These symptoms occurred up to 5 days postpartum with 25% having symptoms that persisted for more than 3 days. The most frequent symptoms were correlated most closely to antidepressant drug levels. Elevated NASS scores were found to be associated with poorer fine motor development at 6 months of age.ConclusionsPoor neonatal adaptation may be more common than previously recognized. The NASS was observed to be an effective assessment and monitoring measure. Research following symptomatic infants beyond the neonatal period is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan Galbally
- School of Psychology and Exercise Science, Murdoch University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Olav Spigset
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, St Olav University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Andrew R Johnson
- School of Psychology and Speech Pathology, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Rolland Kohan
- School of Women and Infant Health, School of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Martha Lappas
- Obstetrics, Nutrition and Endocrinology Group, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Andrew J Lewis
- School of Psychology and Exercise Science, Murdoch University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
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13
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Unno K, Noda S, Kawasaki Y, Yamada H, Morita A, Iguchi K, Nakamura Y. Ingestion of green tea with lowered caffeine improves sleep quality of the elderly via suppression of stress. J Clin Biochem Nutr 2017; 61:210-216. [PMID: 29203963 PMCID: PMC5703787 DOI: 10.3164/jcbn.17-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2017] [Accepted: 04/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Epidemiological and animal studies have demonstrated that ingestion of green tea enhances healthy life. However, caffeine in green tea can interfere with sleep. In this report, we examined the effect of green tea with lowered caffeine, low-caffeine green tea, on stress and sleep of the elderly. The participants (n = 10, mean age 89.3 ± 4.2 years) drank five cups/day of standard green tea for 1 week. Subsequently, they drank five cups/day of low-caffeine green tea for 2 weeks. Salivary α-amylase activity (sAA) was measured as a stress marker. Sleep stages were measured using a portable electroencephalography (n = 7, 6 female and 1 male). The level of sAA in the morning (sAAm) was significantly lower when the participants drank low-caffeine green tea than standard green tea. While the levels of sAAm were different among individuals, lower sAAm correlated with a higher quality of sleep. In those participants whose sAAm was lowered by the ingestion of low-caffeine green tea, some sleep parameters improved. Daily ingestion of low-caffeine green tea may be a beneficial tool for improving the quality of sleep of the elderly via the suppression of stress, although further research is required to fortify this hypothesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keiko Unno
- Department of Neurophysiology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan.,Tea Science Center, Graduate Division of Nutritional and Environmental Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan
| | - Shigenori Noda
- Division of Drug Evaluation & Informatics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan
| | - Yohei Kawasaki
- Division of Drug Evaluation & Informatics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Yamada
- Division of Drug Evaluation & Informatics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan
| | - Akio Morita
- Department of Functional Plant Physiology, Faculty of Agriculture, Shizuoka University, 836 Ohya, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8529, Japan
| | - Kazuaki Iguchi
- Department of Neurophysiology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan
| | - Yoriyuki Nakamura
- Tea Science Center, Graduate Division of Nutritional and Environmental Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan
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Palinkas M, Semprini M, Filho JE, de Luca Canto G, Regalo IH, Bataglion C, Rodrigues LAM, Siéssere S, Regalo SCH. Nocturnal sleep architecture is altered by sleep bruxism. Arch Oral Biol 2017; 81:56-60. [DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2017.04.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2016] [Revised: 03/09/2017] [Accepted: 04/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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15
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Reduced Stress and Improved Sleep Quality Caused by Green Tea Are Associated with a Reduced Caffeine Content. Nutrients 2017; 9:nu9070777. [PMID: 28753943 PMCID: PMC5537891 DOI: 10.3390/nu9070777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2017] [Revised: 07/11/2017] [Accepted: 07/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Caffeine, one of the main components in green tea, can interfere with sleep and block the effect of theanine. Since theanine, the main amino acid in tea leaves, has significant anti-stress effects in animals and humans, we examined the effects of green tea with lowered caffeine content, i.e., low-caffeine green tea (LCGT), on stress and quality of sleep of middle–aged individuals (n = 20, mean age 51.3 ± 6.7 years) in a double-blind crossover design. Standard green tea (SGT) was used as the control. These teas (≥300 mL/day), which were eluted with room temperature water, were consumed over a period of seven days after a single washout term. The level of salivary α-amylase activity (sAA), a stress marker, was significantly lower in participants that consumed LCGT (64.7 U/mL) than in those that consumed SGT (73.9 U/mL). Sleep quality was higher in participants that consumed a larger quantity of LCGT. In addition, a self-diagnostic check for accumulated fatigue was significantly lower in those participants that consumed LCGT than SGT. These results indicate that LCGT intake can reduce stress in middle-aged individuals and improve their quality of sleep. The reduction in caffeine is suggested to be a valid reason for enhancing the anti-stress effect of green tea.
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16
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Unno K, Noda S, Kawasaki Y, Yamada H, Morita A, Iguchi K, Nakamura Y. Reduced Stress and Improved Sleep Quality Caused by Green Tea Are Associated with a Reduced Caffeine Content. Nutrients 2017; 9:nu9070777. [PMID: 28753943 DOI: 10.1080/07352689.2012.747384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2017] [Revised: 07/11/2017] [Accepted: 07/16/2017] [Indexed: 05/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Caffeine, one of the main components in green tea, can interfere with sleep and block the effect of theanine. Since theanine, the main amino acid in tea leaves, has significant anti-stress effects in animals and humans, we examined the effects of green tea with lowered caffeine content, i.e., low-caffeine green tea (LCGT), on stress and quality of sleep of middle-aged individuals (n = 20, mean age 51.3 ± 6.7 years) in a double-blind crossover design. Standard green tea (SGT) was used as the control. These teas (≥300 mL/day), which were eluted with room temperature water, were consumed over a period of seven days after a single washout term. The level of salivary α-amylase activity (sAA), a stress marker, was significantly lower in participants that consumed LCGT (64.7 U/mL) than in those that consumed SGT (73.9 U/mL). Sleep quality was higher in participants that consumed a larger quantity of LCGT. In addition, a self-diagnostic check for accumulated fatigue was significantly lower in those participants that consumed LCGT than SGT. These results indicate that LCGT intake can reduce stress in middle-aged individuals and improve their quality of sleep. The reduction in caffeine is suggested to be a valid reason for enhancing the anti-stress effect of green tea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keiko Unno
- Department of Neurophysiology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan.
- Tea Science Center, Graduate Division of Nutritional and Environmental Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan.
| | - Shigenori Noda
- Division of Drug Evaluation & Informatics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan.
| | - Yohei Kawasaki
- Division of Drug Evaluation & Informatics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan.
| | - Hiroshi Yamada
- Division of Drug Evaluation & Informatics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan.
| | - Akio Morita
- Department of Functional Plant Physiology, Faculty of Agriculture, Shizuoka University, Shizuoka 422-8529, Japan.
| | - Kazuaki Iguchi
- Department of Neurophysiology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan.
| | - Yoriyuki Nakamura
- Tea Science Center, Graduate Division of Nutritional and Environmental Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan.
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17
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Teti DM, Shimizu M, Crosby B, Kim BR. Sleep arrangements, parent-infant sleep during the first year, and family functioning. Dev Psychol 2016; 52:1169-81. [PMID: 27389833 PMCID: PMC4959950 DOI: 10.1037/dev0000148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The present longitudinal study addressed the ongoing debate regarding the benefits and risks of infant-parent cosleeping by examining associations between sleep arrangement patterns across the first year of life and infant and parent sleep, marital and family functioning, and quality of mothers' behavior with infants at bedtime. Patterns of infant sleep arrangements across the infants' first year were derived from information obtained from 139 families at 1, 3, 6, 9, and 12 months of infant age in a central Pennsylvania sample. Linkages between these patterns and parent-infant sleep, marital and coparenting stress, and maternal behavior at bedtime (from video-recordings) were assessed. Compared with families whose infants were solitary sleepers by 6 months, persistent cosleeping was associated with sleep disruption in mothers but not in infants, although mothers in persistent cosleeping arrangements reported that their infants had more frequent night awakenings. Persistent cosleeping was also associated with mother reports of marital and coparenting distress, and lower maternal emotional availability with infants at bedtime (from home observations). Persistent cosleeping appeared to be a marker of, though not necessarily a cause of, heightened family stress, although the present design did not enable strong tests of causal processes, and results may be particular to cultures that are not supportive of cosleeping. Findings are discussed in terms of cultural contexts of infant sleep and the need for further investigations into the role of the health of the family system in influencing how parents structure infant sleep. (PsycINFO Database Record
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Affiliation(s)
- Douglas M Teti
- Human Development and Family Studies, The Pennsylvania State University
| | - Mina Shimizu
- Human Development and Family Studies, The Pennsylvania State University
| | - Brian Crosby
- Department of Psychology, The Pennsylvania State University
| | - Bo-Ram Kim
- Human Development and Family Studies, The Pennsylvania State University
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Matsuo M, Masuda F, Sumi Y, Takahashi M, Yamada N, Ohira MH, Fujiwara K, Kanemura T, Kadotani H. Comparisons of Portable Sleep Monitors of Different Modalities: Potential as Naturalistic Sleep Recorders. Front Neurol 2016; 7:110. [PMID: 27471489 PMCID: PMC4946159 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2016.00110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2016] [Accepted: 06/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Humans spend more than one-fourth of their life sleeping, and sleep quality has been significantly linked to health. However, the objective examination of ambulatory sleep quality remains a challenge, since sleep is a state of unconsciousness, which limits the reliability of self-reports. Therefore, a non-invasive, continuous, and objective method for the recording and analysis of naturalistic sleep is required. OBJECTIVE Portable sleep recording devices provide a suitable solution for the ambulatory analysis of sleep quality. In this study, the performance of two activity-based sleep monitors (Actiwatch and MTN-210) and a single-channel electroencephalography (EEG)-based sleep monitor (SleepScope) were compared in order to examine their reliability for the assessment of sleep quality. METHODS Twenty healthy adults were recruited for this study. First, data from daily activity recorded by Actiwatch and MTN-210 were compared to determine whether MTN-210, a more affordable device, could yield data similar to Actiwatch, the de facto standard. In addition, sleep detection ability was examined using data obtained by polysomnography as reference. One simple analysis included comparing the sleep/wake detection ability of Actiwatch, MTN-210, and SleepScope. Furthermore, the fidelity of sleep stage determination was examined using SleepScope in finer time resolution. RESULTS The results indicate that MTN-210 demonstrates an activity pattern comparable to that of Actiwatch, although their sensitivity preferences were not identical. Moreover, MTN-210 provides assessment of sleep duration comparable to that of the wrist-worn Actiwatch when MTN-210 was attached to the body. SleepScope featured superior overall sleep detection performance among the three methods tested. Furthermore, SleepScope was able to provide information regarding sleep architecture, although systemic bias was found. CONCLUSION The present results suggest that single-channel EEG-based sleep monitors are the superior option for the examination of naturalistic sleep. The current results pave a possible future use for reliable portable sleep assessment methods in an ambulatory rather than a laboratory setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masahiro Matsuo
- Department of Psychiatry, Shiga University of Medical Science , Otsu , Japan
| | - Fumi Masuda
- Department of Psychiatry, Shiga University of Medical Science , Otsu , Japan
| | - Yukiyoshi Sumi
- Department of Psychiatry, Shiga University of Medical Science , Otsu , Japan
| | - Masahiro Takahashi
- Department of Psychiatry, Shiga University of Medical Science , Otsu , Japan
| | - Naoto Yamada
- Department of Psychiatry, Shiga University of Medical Science , Otsu , Japan
| | | | - Koichi Fujiwara
- Department of Systems Science, Kyoto University , Kyoto , Japan
| | - Takashi Kanemura
- Department of Psychiatry, Shiga University of Medical Science , Otsu , Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kadotani
- Department of Psychiatry, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan; Department of Sleep and Behavioral Sciences, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan
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Parent-child bed-sharing: The good, the bad, and the burden of evidence. Sleep Med Rev 2016; 32:4-27. [PMID: 27107752 DOI: 10.1016/j.smrv.2016.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2015] [Revised: 03/03/2016] [Accepted: 03/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The practice of parent and child sharing a sleeping surface, or 'bed-sharing', is one of the most controversial topics in parenting research. The lay literature has popularized and polarized this debate, offering on one hand claims of dangers, and on the other, of benefits - both physical and psychological - associated with bed-sharing. To address the scientific evidence behind such claims, we systematically reviewed 659 published papers (peer-reviewed, editorial pieces, and commentaries) on the topic of parent-child bed-sharing. Our review offers a narrative walkthrough of the many subdomains of bed-sharing research, including its many correlates (e.g., socioeconomic and cultural factors) and purported risks or outcomes (e.g., sudden infant death syndrome, sleep problems). We found general design limitations and a lack of convincing evidence in the literature, which preclude making strong generalizations. A heat-map based on 98 eligible studies aids the reader to visualize world-wide prevalence in bed-sharing and highlights the need for further research in societies where bed-sharing is the norm. We urge for multiple subfields - anthropology, psychology/psychiatry, and pediatrics - to come together with the aim of understanding infant sleep and how nightly proximity to the parents influences children's social, emotional, and physical development.
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